Contemporary university students are confronted with multiple challenges,including academic pressure,employment anxiety,and interpersonal conflicts.Traditional approaches to heart-to-heart talks often exhibit limitati...Contemporary university students are confronted with multiple challenges,including academic pressure,employment anxiety,and interpersonal conflicts.Traditional approaches to heart-to-heart talks often exhibit limitations,such as“over-reliance on problem etiology”and“the marginalization of student agency,”which hinder their effectiveness in addressing students’individualized needs and enhancing the efficacy of counselors’work.Grounded in the solution-focused approach(SFA),this study employs a literature review methodology to systematically examine the core tenets of SFA-namely,its“solution-oriented perspective”and emphasis on“accumulating small changes”-as well as key techniques such as empowerment-oriented questioning and action reinforcement.Integrating these elements with the specific context of university counseling dialogues,the paper constructs a three-stage application framework encompassing“pre-session preparation,in-session implementation,and post-session follow-up.”This framework is designed to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of heart-to-heart talks by clarifying conversation goals,focusing on student resources,detailing action steps,and reinforcing outcomes.It aims to provide counselors with actionable guidance while also offering interdisciplinary theoretical support for improving the quality of ideological and political education and mental health counseling in universities.Ultimately,the framework seeks to strengthen students’agency and autonomous problem-solving capabilities.展开更多
The synthesis of high-quality heteroepitaxial diamond films on iridium composite substrates is a critical step toward advancing diamond for electronic and optical applications.Microwave plasma chemical vapor depositio...The synthesis of high-quality heteroepitaxial diamond films on iridium composite substrates is a critical step toward advancing diamond for electronic and optical applications.Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition,combined with in situ optical emission spectroscopy,enables precise control over growth modes through plasma parameter tuning.In this study,we examine how methane concentration,microwave power,and gas pressure influence plasma species and,consequently,the growth modes of heteroepitaxial diamond by optical emission spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope.At low nucleation densities,increased methane concentrations promote the transition from faceted polyhedral to ballas structures,driven by elevated C_(2) radical concentrations in the plasma.Conversely,at higher nucleation densities,gas pressure,and substrate temperature dominate growth mode determination,leading to diverse morphologies,such as planar,polycrystalline,octahedral,and step-flow growth.These findings elucidate the interplay among plasma species,growth parameters,and growth mode,offering critical insights for optimizing growth conditions and preparing heteroepitaxial diamond films in a specific growth mode.展开更多
Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordina...Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordinary(L-X)modes.The role of AKR in magnetosphere−ionosphere−atmosphere coupling depends sensitively on its wave mode.While previous studies have primarily focused on the dominant R-X mode,we present the first systematic identification of all three modes using a practical polarization analysis method based on Arase satellite observations.This method employs a spin-axis-relative Ratio:when the satellite's spin axis aligns with the background magnetic field,a positive(negative)Ratio indicates the right-handed(left-handed)polarization,with reversal under anti-parallel conditions.Combined polarization-frequency analysis reveals that R-X,L-O,and L-X modes can exist in both dayside and nightside regions,with power spectral densities up to 10^(-6)mV^(2)m^(-2)Hz^(-1).This study resolves long-standing ambiguities in AKR mode classification and has implications for understanding AKR-induced electron dynamics.展开更多
Using multi-source reanalysis data,this study examines the relationship between the tropical Pacific-Atlantic SST Dipole Mode(TPA-DM)and summer precipitation in North China(NCSP)on the interannual timescale during the...Using multi-source reanalysis data,this study examines the relationship between the tropical Pacific-Atlantic SST Dipole Mode(TPA-DM)and summer precipitation in North China(NCSP)on the interannual timescale during the period of 1979-2022.The results show that the TPA-DM,the dominant pattern of interannual variability in the tropical Pacific and Atlantic regions,exhibits a significant negative correlation with NCSP.The positive phase of TPA-DM induces subsidence over the Maritime Continent through a zonal circulation pattern,which initiates a Pacific-Japan-like wave train along the East Asian coast.The circulation anomalies lead to moisture deficits and convergence subsidence over North China,leading to below-normal rainfall.Further analysis reveals that cooler SST in the Southern Tropical Atlantic facilitates the persistence of the TPA-DM by stimulating the anomalous Walker circulation associated with wind-evaporation-SST-convection feedback.展开更多
Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factor...Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factors in shaping mycorrhizal fungal community assembly remains poorly understood.Here,we investigate how plant phylogeny,trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche collectively influence the diversity and composition of mycorrhizal fungal communities across the Orchidaceae,spanning broad phylogenetic and ecological scales.By using family-wide orchid-fungal associations and global occurrence data,our analyses showed that the variation in fungal diversity and community structure can be partially explained by orchids’trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche,but not by their overall phylogenetic relatedness.Among trophic modes,partially mycoheterotrophic orchids exhibited the highest level of fungal diversity(the lowest level of fungal specificity)in association with a broad range of phylogenetically dispersed fungal partners.Between biogeographical regions,a significantly higher level of fungal specificity was found for orchid species distributed in Australia than those in Eurasia and Africa.Furthermore,multivariate analyses showed that a small portion of the variation in fungal community structure was significantly related to broad climate,soil and vegetation variables,indicating the existence of large-scale habitat filtering on orchid mycorrhizal communities.Altogether,our findings indicate that mycorrhizal communities in the orchid family are likely shaped by multiple,intertwined factors related to orchid ecophysiology and biogeography on a global scale.展开更多
The subantarctic mode water(SAMW)represents a large water mass in the Southern Ocean.This body of water forms through deep convection(subduction)in winter and contributes to the uptake and storage of anthropogenic hea...The subantarctic mode water(SAMW)represents a large water mass in the Southern Ocean.This body of water forms through deep convection(subduction)in winter and contributes to the uptake and storage of anthropogenic heat.However,its longterm changes in subduction rate and volume in response to shifting climate conditions are unclear.In this study,we investigated the long-term trend of the subduction rate and volume of the South Pacific–SAMW(SPSAMW)using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation outputs during 1980–2017.The results show the overall increasing trend of the subduction rate of the SPSAMW.The increased subduction of the SPSAMW directly contributes to the volume variation in the SPSAMW.The increased subduction in the South Pacific reached(0.28±0.16)Sv-1 per year,which explains nearly 68%of the volume increase in the SPSAMW.This variability in the SPSAMW reflects alterations in the overlying atmosphere.The positive to negative phase change of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation(IPO)in 1980–2017 deepened the Amundsen Sea Low(ASL)via atmospheric teleconnections over the South Pacific.Further analysis reveals that the increased westerly winds during the deepening of ASL resulted in more cold water transport from the south,which deepened the winter mixed layer and thus increased subduction and volume within the SPSAMW subduction region.This finding suggests the association of the long-term trends of SPSAMW subduction and volume with the phase change of the IPO.展开更多
Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both g...Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.展开更多
This paper introduces a framework for modeling random fields,with a particular emphasis on analyzing anisotropic spatial variability.It establishes a clear connection between the correlation function and the Kriging v...This paper introduces a framework for modeling random fields,with a particular emphasis on analyzing anisotropic spatial variability.It establishes a clear connection between the correlation function and the Kriging variogram across various anisotropic modes,providing mathematical models to enhance our understanding of random fields.A new anisotropy index,called LSAI,is introduced to quantify anisotropy based on the autocorrelation length and the orientation of the principal axes within the variogram.An LSAI value closer to one indicates a lower degree of anisotropy.The present study examines how the degree of anisotropy varies with different autocorrelation lengths and angles between the principal axes,providing valuable insights into these relationships.To improve the accuracy of parameter probability distribution estimations,this study integrates limited field test data using a Bayesian inference approach.Additionally,the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to develop a conditional random field(CRF)for the deformation modulus.By incorporating data from field bearing plate tests,the posterior variance data for the deformation modulus are derived.This process facilitates the construction of a detailed and reliable CRF for the deformation modulus.展开更多
The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.U...The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.展开更多
Flexible materials play a crucial role in protecting against behind armour blunt trauma(BABT).However,their compliance complicates the understanding of failure mechanisms and energy absorption.This study used a combin...Flexible materials play a crucial role in protecting against behind armour blunt trauma(BABT).However,their compliance complicates the understanding of failure mechanisms and energy absorption.This study used a combined experimental and numerical approach to investigate the response and failure modes of a flexible ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)foam protective sandwich structure(UFPSS)under low-velocity impact(LVI).A finite element(FE)model,accounting for nonlinear large deformation and strain-rate-dependent material behavior,was developed for a woven-UFPSS(featuring a plain-woven fabric structure)subjected to a 50 J impact.Experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement in peak force(error<5%),maximum displacement(error<6%),and buffer time(error<8%).The impact's kinetic energy was mainly converted into internal energy of the fabric and foam materials(~50%),viscous dissipation in the foam core(12%-15%),frictional work at the contact interfaces(5%-6%),and work by the pneumatic fixture clamping force(~38%).This study provides the first investigation of the LVI performance of sandwich structures with all soft material layers,offering significant insights for the application of compliant materials in protective fields.展开更多
In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-pin...In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-ping echoes under variable coupling conditions and non-stationary noise.This study proposes a novel dual-criterion framework integrating energy contribution and statistical impulsivity metrics to isolate specimen re-flections from coupling-layer interference.By decomposing A-scan signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs),the framework employs energy contribution thresholds(>85%)and kurtosis indices(>3)to autonomously select IMFs containing valid specimen echoes.Hybrid time-frequency thresholding further suppresses interference through amplitude filtering and spectral focusing.Experimental results demonstrate the framework’s robustness,achieving 92.3%thickness accuracy for 5 mm steel specimens with 5 mm rubber coupling,outperforming conventional methods by up to 18.7%.The dual-criterion approach reduces operator dependency by 37%and maintainsΔT<0.03 mm under surface roughness up to 6.3μm,offering a practical solution for industrial nondestructive testing with thick dry-coupled interfaces.展开更多
The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy in marital adjustment of incompatible women. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimen...The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy in marital adjustment of incompatible women. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design with a nonequivalent control group. The statistical population comprises all the incompatible women who referred to the counseling clinics of Neyshabour in May 2016 (1500 admission per month). The research sample consists of 24 incompatible women who were selected through Randomand available sampling method. For data collection, Marital Adjustment Scale by Spinner was applied. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance test and with the aid of SPSS-22 software. The findings demonstrated that the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy is significantly effective in marital adjustment of incompatible women (P < 0.05). Thus, it can be stated that the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy can help to promote adjustment among incompatible women.展开更多
A number of prominent solution-focused brief therapists have expressed the view that, to its detriment, this school of therapy tends to downplay emotion. Accordingly, we contend that, given that emotion is a primal bi...A number of prominent solution-focused brief therapists have expressed the view that, to its detriment, this school of therapy tends to downplay emotion. Accordingly, we contend that, given that emotion is a primal binding force, the bonding component of the crucially important therapeutic alliance risks being compromised in the current practice of this approach. We further argue that the prioritization of the depiction of actions that accompany the emotion expressed by the client over the actual participation in this emotion by the therapist tends to superficialize therapeutic communication. This is especially likely to happen when the therapist lapses into a formulaic, action-soliciting interrogatory mode in response to the emotion expressed by the client. In addition, we claim that the incorporation of emotion- and body-based approaches into the solution-focused canon could remedy the affective lacuna referred to above. We note, however, that such a modification would most likely face stiff resistance from some of the gatekeepers of solution-faced therapy, in particular those who subscribe to the “surface-only” descriptive approach advocated by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. And yet, the effectiveness of depth-oriented therapies, such as sensorimotor psychotherapy and somatic experiencing, is supported by neurophysiological considerations. Finally, we suggest that these therapies, and even creativogenic elements of psychoanalysis, can actually synergize solution-focused brief therapy through the generation of affect-laden images, sensations and thoughts that lend themselves to the realization of outcomes desired by the client, which is the raison d’etre of solution-focused brief therapy. This paper pleads for the incorporation of the above-noted depth approaches into solution-focused brief therapy with a view to augmenting its effectiveness through a stronger therapeutic bond owing to an increased emotional engagement on the part of the therapist.展开更多
BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological healt...BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological health of patients undergoing wound treatment,providing a basis for selecting wound treatment protocols.METHODS A total of 102 patients undergoing wound treatment were included,with the study period from March 2020 to March 2024.Sex was not a factor,and patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 51 cases each.The control group received negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT),while the experimental group received NPWT plus SFBT.The recovery of wounds,granulation tissue scores,and psychological health levels were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Windows software version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS Post-treatment,the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,white blood cell count,and lactate dehydrogenase in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The two groups had no significant difference in granulation tissue scores(P<0.05).The psychological health level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of SFBT and NPWT accelerates wound healing,promotes granulation tissue growth,and improves psychological well-being,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.展开更多
In order to enhance the control performance of piezo-positioning system,the influence of hysteresis characteristics and its compensation method are studied.Hammerstein model is used to represent the dynamic hysteresis...In order to enhance the control performance of piezo-positioning system,the influence of hysteresis characteristics and its compensation method are studied.Hammerstein model is used to represent the dynamic hysteresis nonlinear characteristics of piezo-positioning actuator.The static nonlinear part and dynamic linear part of the Hammerstein model are represented by models obtained through the Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI)model and Hankel matrix system identification method,respectively.This model demonstrates good generalization capability for typical input frequencies below 200 Hz.A sliding mode inverse compensation tracking control strategy based on P-I inverse model and integral augmentation is proposed.Experimental results show that compared with PID inverse compensation control and sliding mode control without inverse compensation,the sliding mode inverse compensation control has a more ideal step response and no overshoot,moreover,the settling time is only 6.2 ms.In the frequency domain,the system closed-loop tracking bandwidth reaches 119.9 Hz,and the disturbance rejection bandwidth reaches 86.2 Hz.The proposed control strategy can effectively compensate the hysteresis nonlinearity,and improve the tracking accuracy and antidisturbance capability of piezo-positioning system.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of solution-focused approach on advanced schistosomiasis(AS).Methods:10 cases of patients with AS that were treated with a solution-focused approach were included in our study.The indic...Objective:To analyze the effect of solution-focused approach on advanced schistosomiasis(AS).Methods:10 cases of patients with AS that were treated with a solution-focused approach were included in our study.The indicators before and after the intervention were measured(knowledge mastery,prevention and treatment compliance,personal behavior,self-care ability,management satisfaction,complication rate).Results:After analyzing pre-and post-intervention indicators,statistical significance was found(P<0.05).The intervention received a satisfaction rate of 80.00%,with a complication rate of 10.00%.Conclusion:Using a solution-focused approach for ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients can enhance their understanding and attitude toward disease prevention and treatment,improve their behaviors and self-care ability,resulting in high satisfaction and reduced complications.展开更多
The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconci...The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconcile this contradiction,two Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag anodes with different residual strain distribution through extrusion with/without annealing are fabricated.The results indicate that annealing can significantly lessen the“pseudo-anode”regions,thereby changing the dissolution mode of the matrix and achieving an effective dissolution during discharge.Additionally,p-type semiconductor characteristic of discharge productfilm could suppress the self-corrosion reaction without reducing the polarization of anode.The magnesium-air battery utilizing annealed Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag as anode achieves a synergistic improvement in specific capacity(1388.89 mA h g^(-1))and energy density(1960.42 mW h g^(-1)).This anode modification method accelerates the advancement of high efficiency and long lifespan magnesium-air batteries,offering renewable and cost-effective energy solutions for electronics and emergency equipment.展开更多
In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The ...In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel compositions.In L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ferrite.Conversely,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)phase.The alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain boundaries.HT-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF mode.These differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,respectively.The solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation results.The L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after solidification.Besides,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).展开更多
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute“Research on the Model of Building a Positive Academic Atmosphere in Universities Under the Framework of Comprehensive Moral,Intellectual,Physical,Aesthetic,and Labor Education”(Grant No.3282024036)。
文摘Contemporary university students are confronted with multiple challenges,including academic pressure,employment anxiety,and interpersonal conflicts.Traditional approaches to heart-to-heart talks often exhibit limitations,such as“over-reliance on problem etiology”and“the marginalization of student agency,”which hinder their effectiveness in addressing students’individualized needs and enhancing the efficacy of counselors’work.Grounded in the solution-focused approach(SFA),this study employs a literature review methodology to systematically examine the core tenets of SFA-namely,its“solution-oriented perspective”and emphasis on“accumulating small changes”-as well as key techniques such as empowerment-oriented questioning and action reinforcement.Integrating these elements with the specific context of university counseling dialogues,the paper constructs a three-stage application framework encompassing“pre-session preparation,in-session implementation,and post-session follow-up.”This framework is designed to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of heart-to-heart talks by clarifying conversation goals,focusing on student resources,detailing action steps,and reinforcing outcomes.It aims to provide counselors with actionable guidance while also offering interdisciplinary theoretical support for improving the quality of ideological and political education and mental health counseling in universities.Ultimately,the framework seeks to strengthen students’agency and autonomous problem-solving capabilities.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3608602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62404215 and 62574199)Instrument and Equipment Development Project of CAS(Grant No.PTYQ2024TD0003)。
文摘The synthesis of high-quality heteroepitaxial diamond films on iridium composite substrates is a critical step toward advancing diamond for electronic and optical applications.Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition,combined with in situ optical emission spectroscopy,enables precise control over growth modes through plasma parameter tuning.In this study,we examine how methane concentration,microwave power,and gas pressure influence plasma species and,consequently,the growth modes of heteroepitaxial diamond by optical emission spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope.At low nucleation densities,increased methane concentrations promote the transition from faceted polyhedral to ballas structures,driven by elevated C_(2) radical concentrations in the plasma.Conversely,at higher nucleation densities,gas pressure,and substrate temperature dominate growth mode determination,leading to diverse morphologies,such as planar,polycrystalline,octahedral,and step-flow growth.These findings elucidate the interplay among plasma species,growth parameters,and growth mode,offering critical insights for optimizing growth conditions and preparing heteroepitaxial diamond films in a specific growth mode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 42374215,42230209,42374199,42304183,42422406,42174185,72061147004 and 72342001)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File no.0042/2024/RIA1 and 0008/2024/AKP)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant 2023JJ20038)the Research Project of Science and Technology of Hunan Province(2025JJ10009,2022RC4025,2025QK1004,2023JJ50312,2023JJ50010 and 2024RC9012).
文摘Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordinary(L-X)modes.The role of AKR in magnetosphere−ionosphere−atmosphere coupling depends sensitively on its wave mode.While previous studies have primarily focused on the dominant R-X mode,we present the first systematic identification of all three modes using a practical polarization analysis method based on Arase satellite observations.This method employs a spin-axis-relative Ratio:when the satellite's spin axis aligns with the background magnetic field,a positive(negative)Ratio indicates the right-handed(left-handed)polarization,with reversal under anti-parallel conditions.Combined polarization-frequency analysis reveals that R-X,L-O,and L-X modes can exist in both dayside and nightside regions,with power spectral densities up to 10^(-6)mV^(2)m^(-2)Hz^(-1).This study resolves long-standing ambiguities in AKR mode classification and has implications for understanding AKR-induced electron dynamics.
基金jointly supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program[grant number-ber 2019QZKK0103]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42293294]the China Meteorological Admin-istration Climate Change Special Program[grant number QBZ202303]。
文摘Using multi-source reanalysis data,this study examines the relationship between the tropical Pacific-Atlantic SST Dipole Mode(TPA-DM)and summer precipitation in North China(NCSP)on the interannual timescale during the period of 1979-2022.The results show that the TPA-DM,the dominant pattern of interannual variability in the tropical Pacific and Atlantic regions,exhibits a significant negative correlation with NCSP.The positive phase of TPA-DM induces subsidence over the Maritime Continent through a zonal circulation pattern,which initiates a Pacific-Japan-like wave train along the East Asian coast.The circulation anomalies lead to moisture deficits and convergence subsidence over North China,leading to below-normal rainfall.Further analysis reveals that cooler SST in the Southern Tropical Atlantic facilitates the persistence of the TPA-DM by stimulating the anomalous Walker circulation associated with wind-evaporation-SST-convection feedback.
基金the funding provided by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201804910634)the Ecology Fund of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences(KNAWWF/807/19039)to Deyi Wang.
文摘Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factors in shaping mycorrhizal fungal community assembly remains poorly understood.Here,we investigate how plant phylogeny,trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche collectively influence the diversity and composition of mycorrhizal fungal communities across the Orchidaceae,spanning broad phylogenetic and ecological scales.By using family-wide orchid-fungal associations and global occurrence data,our analyses showed that the variation in fungal diversity and community structure can be partially explained by orchids’trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche,but not by their overall phylogenetic relatedness.Among trophic modes,partially mycoheterotrophic orchids exhibited the highest level of fungal diversity(the lowest level of fungal specificity)in association with a broad range of phylogenetically dispersed fungal partners.Between biogeographical regions,a significantly higher level of fungal specificity was found for orchid species distributed in Australia than those in Eurasia and Africa.Furthermore,multivariate analyses showed that a small portion of the variation in fungal community structure was significantly related to broad climate,soil and vegetation variables,indicating the existence of large-scale habitat filtering on orchid mycorrhizal communities.Altogether,our findings indicate that mycorrhizal communities in the orchid family are likely shaped by multiple,intertwined factors related to orchid ecophysiology and biogeography on a global scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42406256,42376034,and 42430402)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project(No.QDBSH20220202152)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0605701)the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration(No.IRASCC2020-2022-02-01-03)。
文摘The subantarctic mode water(SAMW)represents a large water mass in the Southern Ocean.This body of water forms through deep convection(subduction)in winter and contributes to the uptake and storage of anthropogenic heat.However,its longterm changes in subduction rate and volume in response to shifting climate conditions are unclear.In this study,we investigated the long-term trend of the subduction rate and volume of the South Pacific–SAMW(SPSAMW)using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation outputs during 1980–2017.The results show the overall increasing trend of the subduction rate of the SPSAMW.The increased subduction of the SPSAMW directly contributes to the volume variation in the SPSAMW.The increased subduction in the South Pacific reached(0.28±0.16)Sv-1 per year,which explains nearly 68%of the volume increase in the SPSAMW.This variability in the SPSAMW reflects alterations in the overlying atmosphere.The positive to negative phase change of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation(IPO)in 1980–2017 deepened the Amundsen Sea Low(ASL)via atmospheric teleconnections over the South Pacific.Further analysis reveals that the increased westerly winds during the deepening of ASL resulted in more cold water transport from the south,which deepened the winter mixed layer and thus increased subduction and volume within the SPSAMW subduction region.This finding suggests the association of the long-term trends of SPSAMW subduction and volume with the phase change of the IPO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2342210 and 42275043)the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(Grant Nos.J2223806,ZDJ2024-25 and ZDJ2025-34)。
文摘Climate models are essential for understanding past,present,and future changes in atmospheric circulation,with circulation modes providing key sources of seasonal predictability and prediction uncertainties for both global and regional climates.This study assesses the performance of models participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project in simulating interannual variability modes of Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa geopotential height during winter and summer,distinguishing predictable(potentially predictable on seasonal or longer timescales)and unpredictable(intraseasonal and essentially unpredictable at long range)components,using reanalysis data and a variance decomposition method.Although most models effectively capture unpredictable modes in reanalysis,their ability to reproduce dominant predictable modes-specifically the Pacific-North American pattern,Arctic Oscillation,and Western Pacific Oscillation in winter,and the East Atlantic and North Atlantic Oscillations in summer-varies notably.An optimal ensemble is identified to distinguish(a)predictable-external modes,dominated by external forcing,and(b)predictable-internal modes,associated with slow internal variability,during the historical period(1950-2014)and the SSP5-8.5 scenario(2036-2100).Under increased radiative forcing,the leading winter/summer predictable-external mode exhibits a more uniform spatial distribution,remarkably larger trend and annual variance,and enhanced height-sea surface temperature(SST)covariance under SSP5-8.5 compared to historical conditions.The dominant winter/summer predictable-internal modes also exhibit increased variance and height-SST covariance under SSP5-8.5,along with localized changes in spatial configuration.Minimal changes are observed in spatial distribution or variance for dominant winter/summer unpredictable modes under SSP5-8.5.This study,from a predictive perspective,deepens our understanding of model uncertainties and projected changes in circulations.
基金supported by the Doctoral Research Funds for Nanchang HangKong University,China(Grant No.EA202411211)support is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘This paper introduces a framework for modeling random fields,with a particular emphasis on analyzing anisotropic spatial variability.It establishes a clear connection between the correlation function and the Kriging variogram across various anisotropic modes,providing mathematical models to enhance our understanding of random fields.A new anisotropy index,called LSAI,is introduced to quantify anisotropy based on the autocorrelation length and the orientation of the principal axes within the variogram.An LSAI value closer to one indicates a lower degree of anisotropy.The present study examines how the degree of anisotropy varies with different autocorrelation lengths and angles between the principal axes,providing valuable insights into these relationships.To improve the accuracy of parameter probability distribution estimations,this study integrates limited field test data using a Bayesian inference approach.Additionally,the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to develop a conditional random field(CRF)for the deformation modulus.By incorporating data from field bearing plate tests,the posterior variance data for the deformation modulus are derived.This process facilitates the construction of a detailed and reliable CRF for the deformation modulus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42293270,42530712)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42401334).
文摘The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.
基金supported by the Zhenjiang Key R&D Plan(GY2021009)Lianyungang City Major Technology Breakthrough(CGJBGS2104)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(12302456)National Key Laboratory Foundation of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact under Grant(6142902241601)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grants(2025M774217)。
文摘Flexible materials play a crucial role in protecting against behind armour blunt trauma(BABT).However,their compliance complicates the understanding of failure mechanisms and energy absorption.This study used a combined experimental and numerical approach to investigate the response and failure modes of a flexible ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)foam protective sandwich structure(UFPSS)under low-velocity impact(LVI).A finite element(FE)model,accounting for nonlinear large deformation and strain-rate-dependent material behavior,was developed for a woven-UFPSS(featuring a plain-woven fabric structure)subjected to a 50 J impact.Experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement in peak force(error<5%),maximum displacement(error<6%),and buffer time(error<8%).The impact's kinetic energy was mainly converted into internal energy of the fabric and foam materials(~50%),viscous dissipation in the foam core(12%-15%),frictional work at the contact interfaces(5%-6%),and work by the pneumatic fixture clamping force(~38%).This study provides the first investigation of the LVI performance of sandwich structures with all soft material layers,offering significant insights for the application of compliant materials in protective fields.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number U24A20135Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation major project,grant number 2023ZD12+7 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region key research and development and achievement transformation plan project,grant number 2023YFHH0090Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,grant number 2022MS05006Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Talent Development FundUniversity basic research business expenses,grant number 2023RCTD012University basic research business expenses,grant number 2023QNJS075Postgraduate Research Innovation Program and of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,grant number KC2024053BUniversity basic research business expenses,grant number 2024YXXS012National Key Laboratory of Special Vehicle Design and Manufacturing Integration Technology,grant number GZ2023KF012.
文摘In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-ping echoes under variable coupling conditions and non-stationary noise.This study proposes a novel dual-criterion framework integrating energy contribution and statistical impulsivity metrics to isolate specimen re-flections from coupling-layer interference.By decomposing A-scan signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs),the framework employs energy contribution thresholds(>85%)and kurtosis indices(>3)to autonomously select IMFs containing valid specimen echoes.Hybrid time-frequency thresholding further suppresses interference through amplitude filtering and spectral focusing.Experimental results demonstrate the framework’s robustness,achieving 92.3%thickness accuracy for 5 mm steel specimens with 5 mm rubber coupling,outperforming conventional methods by up to 18.7%.The dual-criterion approach reduces operator dependency by 37%and maintainsΔT<0.03 mm under surface roughness up to 6.3μm,offering a practical solution for industrial nondestructive testing with thick dry-coupled interfaces.
文摘The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy in marital adjustment of incompatible women. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design with a nonequivalent control group. The statistical population comprises all the incompatible women who referred to the counseling clinics of Neyshabour in May 2016 (1500 admission per month). The research sample consists of 24 incompatible women who were selected through Randomand available sampling method. For data collection, Marital Adjustment Scale by Spinner was applied. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance test and with the aid of SPSS-22 software. The findings demonstrated that the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy is significantly effective in marital adjustment of incompatible women (P < 0.05). Thus, it can be stated that the combination of solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy can help to promote adjustment among incompatible women.
文摘A number of prominent solution-focused brief therapists have expressed the view that, to its detriment, this school of therapy tends to downplay emotion. Accordingly, we contend that, given that emotion is a primal binding force, the bonding component of the crucially important therapeutic alliance risks being compromised in the current practice of this approach. We further argue that the prioritization of the depiction of actions that accompany the emotion expressed by the client over the actual participation in this emotion by the therapist tends to superficialize therapeutic communication. This is especially likely to happen when the therapist lapses into a formulaic, action-soliciting interrogatory mode in response to the emotion expressed by the client. In addition, we claim that the incorporation of emotion- and body-based approaches into the solution-focused canon could remedy the affective lacuna referred to above. We note, however, that such a modification would most likely face stiff resistance from some of the gatekeepers of solution-faced therapy, in particular those who subscribe to the “surface-only” descriptive approach advocated by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. And yet, the effectiveness of depth-oriented therapies, such as sensorimotor psychotherapy and somatic experiencing, is supported by neurophysiological considerations. Finally, we suggest that these therapies, and even creativogenic elements of psychoanalysis, can actually synergize solution-focused brief therapy through the generation of affect-laden images, sensations and thoughts that lend themselves to the realization of outcomes desired by the client, which is the raison d’etre of solution-focused brief therapy. This paper pleads for the incorporation of the above-noted depth approaches into solution-focused brief therapy with a view to augmenting its effectiveness through a stronger therapeutic bond owing to an increased emotional engagement on the part of the therapist.
文摘BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological health of patients undergoing wound treatment,providing a basis for selecting wound treatment protocols.METHODS A total of 102 patients undergoing wound treatment were included,with the study period from March 2020 to March 2024.Sex was not a factor,and patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 51 cases each.The control group received negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT),while the experimental group received NPWT plus SFBT.The recovery of wounds,granulation tissue scores,and psychological health levels were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Windows software version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS Post-treatment,the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,white blood cell count,and lactate dehydrogenase in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The two groups had no significant difference in granulation tissue scores(P<0.05).The psychological health level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of SFBT and NPWT accelerates wound healing,promotes granulation tissue growth,and improves psychological well-being,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.
文摘In order to enhance the control performance of piezo-positioning system,the influence of hysteresis characteristics and its compensation method are studied.Hammerstein model is used to represent the dynamic hysteresis nonlinear characteristics of piezo-positioning actuator.The static nonlinear part and dynamic linear part of the Hammerstein model are represented by models obtained through the Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI)model and Hankel matrix system identification method,respectively.This model demonstrates good generalization capability for typical input frequencies below 200 Hz.A sliding mode inverse compensation tracking control strategy based on P-I inverse model and integral augmentation is proposed.Experimental results show that compared with PID inverse compensation control and sliding mode control without inverse compensation,the sliding mode inverse compensation control has a more ideal step response and no overshoot,moreover,the settling time is only 6.2 ms.In the frequency domain,the system closed-loop tracking bandwidth reaches 119.9 Hz,and the disturbance rejection bandwidth reaches 86.2 Hz.The proposed control strategy can effectively compensate the hysteresis nonlinearity,and improve the tracking accuracy and antidisturbance capability of piezo-positioning system.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of solution-focused approach on advanced schistosomiasis(AS).Methods:10 cases of patients with AS that were treated with a solution-focused approach were included in our study.The indicators before and after the intervention were measured(knowledge mastery,prevention and treatment compliance,personal behavior,self-care ability,management satisfaction,complication rate).Results:After analyzing pre-and post-intervention indicators,statistical significance was found(P<0.05).The intervention received a satisfaction rate of 80.00%,with a complication rate of 10.00%.Conclusion:Using a solution-focused approach for ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients can enhance their understanding and attitude toward disease prevention and treatment,improve their behaviors and self-care ability,resulting in high satisfaction and reduced complications.
基金the National Natural Science:Foundation of China(52375370)the Open Project of Salt Lake Chemical Engineering Research Complex,Qinghai University(2023-DXSSKF-Z02)+2 种基金the Nat-ural Science Foundation of Shanxi(202103021224049)GDAS Projects of International cooperation platform of Sci-ence and Technology(2022GDASZH-2022010203-003)Guangdong province Science and Technology Plan Projects(2023B1212060045).
文摘The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconcile this contradiction,two Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag anodes with different residual strain distribution through extrusion with/without annealing are fabricated.The results indicate that annealing can significantly lessen the“pseudo-anode”regions,thereby changing the dissolution mode of the matrix and achieving an effective dissolution during discharge.Additionally,p-type semiconductor characteristic of discharge productfilm could suppress the self-corrosion reaction without reducing the polarization of anode.The magnesium-air battery utilizing annealed Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag as anode achieves a synergistic improvement in specific capacity(1388.89 mA h g^(-1))and energy density(1960.42 mW h g^(-1)).This anode modification method accelerates the advancement of high efficiency and long lifespan magnesium-air batteries,offering renewable and cost-effective energy solutions for electronics and emergency equipment.
基金support of the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2022-040)"Chunhui Plan"Collaborative Research Project by the Ministry of Education of China(HZKY20220507)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104338)Applied Fundamental Research Programs of Shanxi Province(202303021221036)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(SDCX-ZG-202303027,SDBX2023054).
文摘In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel compositions.In L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ferrite.Conversely,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)phase.The alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain boundaries.HT-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF mode.These differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,respectively.The solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation results.The L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after solidification.Besides,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).
