This paper proposes a multivariate data fusion based quality evaluation model for software talent cultivation.The model constructs a comprehensive ability and quality evaluation index system for college students from ...This paper proposes a multivariate data fusion based quality evaluation model for software talent cultivation.The model constructs a comprehensive ability and quality evaluation index system for college students from a perspective of engineering course,especially of software engineering.As for evaluation method,relying on the behavioral data of students during their school years,we aim to construct the evaluation model as objective as possible,effectively weakening the negative impact of personal subjective assumptions on the evaluation results.展开更多
According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliability analysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificial intelligence technology. By reasoning out...According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliability analysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificial intelligence technology. By reasoning out the conclusion from the fitting results of failure data of a software project, the SRES can recommend users “the most suitable model” as a software reliability measurement model. We believe that the SRES can overcome the inconsistency in applications of software reliability models well. We report investigation results of singularity and parameter estimation methods of experimental models in SRES.展开更多
According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliabilityanalysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificialtechnology. By reasoning out the conclusion...According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliabilityanalysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificialtechnology. By reasoning out the conclusion from the fitting results of failure data of asoftware project, the SRES can recommend users “the most suitable model” as a softwarereliability measurement model. We believe that the SRES can overcome the inconsistency inapplications of software reliability models well. We report investigation results of singularity and parameter estimation methods of models, LVLM and LVQM.展开更多
As the web-server based business is rapidly developed and popularized, how to evaluate and improve the reliability of web-servers has been extremely important. Although a large num- ber of software reliability growth ...As the web-server based business is rapidly developed and popularized, how to evaluate and improve the reliability of web-servers has been extremely important. Although a large num- ber of software reliability growth models （SRGMs）, including those combined with multiple change-points （CPs）, have been available, these conventional SRGMs cannot be directly applied to web soft- ware reliability analysis because of the complex web operational profile. To characterize the web operational profile precisely, it should be realized that the workload of a web server is normally non-homogeneous and often observed with the pattern of random impulsive shocks. A web software reliability model with random im- pulsive shocks and its statistical analysis method are developed. In the proposed model, the web server workload is characterized by a geometric Brownian motion process. Based on a real data set from IIS server logs of ICRMS website （www.icrms.cn）, the proposed model is demonstrated to be powerful for estimating impulsive shocks and web software reliability.展开更多
Reliability engineering implemented early in the development process has a significant impact on improving software quality.It can assist in the design of architecture and guide later testing,which is beyond the scope...Reliability engineering implemented early in the development process has a significant impact on improving software quality.It can assist in the design of architecture and guide later testing,which is beyond the scope of traditional reliability analysis methods.Structural reliability models work for this,but most of them remain tested in only simulation case studies due to lack of actual data.Here we use software metrics for reliability modeling which are collected from source codes of post versions.Through the proposed strategy,redundant metric elements are filtered out and the rest are aggregated to represent the module reliability.We further propose a framework to automatically apply the module value and calculate overall reliability by introducing formal methods.The experimental results from an actual project show that reliability analysis at the design and development stage can be close to the validity of analysis at the test stage through reasonable application of metric data.The study also demonstrates that the proposed methods have good applicability.展开更多
Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-...Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-propagation reliability model(CBPRM)with low complexity for the complex software system reliability evaluation is presented in this paper.The proposed model is based on the artificial neural networks and the component reliability sensitivity analyses.These analyses are performed dynamically and assigned to the neurons to optimize the reliability evaluation.CBPRM has a linear increasing complexity and outperforms the state-based and the path-based reliability models.Another advantage of CBPRM over others is its robustness.CBPRM depends on the component reliabilities and the correlative sensitivities,which are independent from the software system structure.Based on the theory analysis and experiment results,it shows that the complexity of CBPRM is evidently lower than the contrast models and the reliability evaluating accuracy is acceptable when the software system structure is complex.展开更多
The </span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">software reliability model is the stochastic model to measure the software <span>reliability quantitatively....The </span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">software reliability model is the stochastic model to measure the software <span>reliability quantitatively. A Hazard-Rate Model is </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">well</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">known one as the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> typical software reliability model. We propose Hazard-Rate Models Consider<span>ing Fault Severity Levels (CFSL) for Open Source Software (OSS). The purpose of </span><span>this research is to </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">make </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the Hazard-Rate Model considering CFSL adapt to</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">baseline hazard function and 2 kinds of faults data in Bug Tracking System <span>(BTS)</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> <i>i.e.</i>, we use the covariate vectors in Cox proportional Hazard-Rate</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> Model. Also, <span>we show the numerical examples by evaluating the performance of our pro</span><span>posed model. As the result, we compare the performance of our model with the</span> Hazard-Rate Model CFSL.展开更多
Testing-effort（TE） and imperfect debugging（ID） in the reliability modeling process may further improve the fitting and prediction results of software reliability growth models（SRGMs）. For describing the S-shaped...Testing-effort（TE） and imperfect debugging（ID） in the reliability modeling process may further improve the fitting and prediction results of software reliability growth models（SRGMs）. For describing the S-shaped varying trend of TE increasing rate more accurately, first, two S-shaped testing-effort functions（TEFs）, i.e.,delayed S-shaped TEF（DS-TEF） and inflected S-shaped TEF（IS-TEF）, are proposed. Then these two TEFs are incorporated into various types（exponential-type, delayed S-shaped and inflected S-shaped） of non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）SRGMs with two forms of ID respectively for obtaining a series of new NHPP SRGMs which consider S-shaped TEFs as well as ID. Finally these new SRGMs and several comparison NHPP SRGMs are applied into four real failure data-sets respectively for investigating the fitting and prediction power of these new SRGMs.The experimental results show that：（i） the proposed IS-TEF is more suitable and flexible for describing the consumption of TE than the previous TEFs;（ii） incorporating TEFs into the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM may be more effective and appropriate compared with the exponential-type and the delayed S-shaped NHPP SRGMs;（iii） the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM considering both IS-TEF and ID yields the most accurate fitting and prediction results than the other comparison NHPP SRGMs.展开更多
Several software reliability growth models （SRGM） have been developed to monitor the reliability growth during the testing phase of software development. In most of the existing research available in the literatures...Several software reliability growth models （SRGM） have been developed to monitor the reliability growth during the testing phase of software development. In most of the existing research available in the literatures, it is considered that a similar testing effort is required on each debugging effort. However, in practice, different types of faults may require different amounts of testing efforts for their detection and removal. Consequently, faults are classified into three categories on the basis of severity： simple, hard and complex. This categorization may be extended to r type of faults on the basis of severity. Although some existing research in the literatures has incorporated this concept that fault removal rate （FRR） is different for different types of faults, they assume that the FRR remains constant during the overall testing period. On the contrary, it has been observed that as testing progresses, FRR changes due to changing testing strategy, skill, environment and personnel resources. In this paper, a general discrete SRGM is proposed for errors of different severity in software systems using the change-point concept. Then, the models are formulated for two particular environments. The models were validated on two real-life data sets. The results show better fit and wider applicability of the proposed models as to different types of failure datasets.展开更多
As a significant measure of software security evaluation, software reliability evaluation is also the basis of software safe operation. Traditional software system security evaluation methods are qualitative evaluatio...As a significant measure of software security evaluation, software reliability evaluation is also the basis of software safe operation. Traditional software system security evaluation methods are qualitative evaluation based on the functional and structural measurements, and it often ignores quantitative research based on invalidity and fault. This paper propose a stochastic transition function as a measure parameters of the reliability of stochastic Petri nets （SPN） theory. By calculating the probability of stability of the system, failure and mean time to first failure, it establishes an evaluation and measurement method for software reliability. With example analysis, the method can conduct effective evaluation on the software reliability index quickly and accurately, and meanwhile provides a new method for the software security evaluation.展开更多
In traditional Bayesian software reliability models, it was assume that all probabilities are precise. In practical applications the parameters of the probability distributions are often under uncertainty due to stron...In traditional Bayesian software reliability models, it was assume that all probabilities are precise. In practical applications the parameters of the probability distributions are often under uncertainty due to strong dependence on subjective information of experts＇ judgments on sparse statistical data. In this paper, a quasi-Bayesian software reliability model using interval-valued probabilities to clearly quantify experts＇ prior beliefs on possible intervals of the parameters of the probability distributions is presented. The model integrates experts＇ judgments with statistical data to obtain more convincible assessments of software reliability with small samples. For some actual data sets, the presented model yields better predictions than the Jelinski-Moranda （JM） model using maximum likelihood （ML）.展开更多
A taxonomy of software reliability models is developed that the models are classified as parametric and nonparametric models, and the nonparametric models are classified according to the mathematical methods they used...A taxonomy of software reliability models is developed that the models are classified as parametric and nonparametric models, and the nonparametric models are classified according to the mathematical methods they used. Then, a practical appraising index system for nonparametric software reliability models are put forward. The nonparametric software reliability models are classified into 5 classes, that is time series analysis models, grey theo- ry forecasting models, artificial neural network models, wavelet analysis models and kernel estimation models, and they are evaluated by the practical index system.展开更多
With the rapid progress of component technology,the software development methodology of gathering a large number of components for designing complex software systems has matured.But,how to assess the application relia...With the rapid progress of component technology,the software development methodology of gathering a large number of components for designing complex software systems has matured.But,how to assess the application reliability accurately with the information of system architecture and the components reliabilities together has become a knotty problem.In this paper,the defects in formal description of software architecture and the limitations in existed model assumptions are both analyzed.Moreover,a new software reliability model called Component Interaction Mode(CIM) is proposed.With this model,the problem for existed component-based software reliability analysis models that cannot deal with the cases of component interaction with non-failure independent and non-random control transition is resolved.At last,the practice examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this model.展开更多
Electromechanical product's reliability is affected by uncertainty as well as performance degeneration during its life cycle.The present reliability and performance integrating modeling methods have obvious defici...Electromechanical product's reliability is affected by uncertainty as well as performance degeneration during its life cycle.The present reliability and performance integrating modeling methods have obvious deficiencies in long period reliability analysis and assessment when applied to such system.A novel integrating modeling method based on physics of failure(PoF)and a simulation algorithm that considers uncertainty and degeneration are proposed in this paper to compute maintenance free operation period or maintenance free operation period survivability which is used to assess long period reliability of system.Furthermore,the concept design of this kind of software based on the above theory is also introduced.A case study of servo valve demonstrates the feasibility of the method and usability of the software in this research.展开更多
As one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of software, software reliability experiences an increasing development in recent years. We investigate a software reliability growth model(SRGM). The appli...As one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of software, software reliability experiences an increasing development in recent years. We investigate a software reliability growth model(SRGM). The application of this model is to predict the occurrence of the software faults based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP). Unlike the independent assumptions in other models, we consider fault dependency. The testing faults are divided into three classes in this model: leading faults, first-step dependent faults and second-step dependent faults. The leading faults occurring independently follow an NHPP, while the first-step dependent faults only become detectable after the related leading faults are detected. The second-step dependent faults can only be detected after the related first-step dependent faults are detected. Then, the combined model is built on the basis of the three sub-processes. Finally, an illustration based on real dataset is presented to verify the proposed model.展开更多
This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical ...This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical view for a fault tolerant software management system is put forward, and an approach that consists of system transient performance analysis is adopted. A quantitative approach for software reliability analysis is given. The results show its usefulness for the design and evaluation of the early-stage software reliability modeling when failure data is not available.展开更多
To ensure the safe operation of any software controlled critical systems,quality factors like reliability and safety are given utmost importance.In this paper,we have chosen to analyze the impact of logic error that i...To ensure the safe operation of any software controlled critical systems,quality factors like reliability and safety are given utmost importance.In this paper,we have chosen to analyze the impact of logic error that is one of the contributors to the above factors.In view of this,we propose a novel framework based on a data driven approach known as software failure estimation with logic error(SFELE).Here,the probabilistic nature of software error is explored by observing the operation of a safety critical system by injecting logic fault.The occurrence of error,its propagations and transformations are analyzed from its inception to end of its execution cycle through the hidden Markov model(HMM)technique.We found that the proposed framework SFELE supports in labeling and quantifying the behavioral properties of selected errors in a safety critical system while traversing across its system components in addition to reliability estimation of the system.Our attempt at the design level can help the design engineers to improve their system quality in a costeffective manner.展开更多
Testing-time when a change of a stochastic characteristic of the software failure-occurrence time or software failure-occurrence time-interval is observed is called change-point. It is said that effect of the change-p...Testing-time when a change of a stochastic characteristic of the software failure-occurrence time or software failure-occurrence time-interval is observed is called change-point. It is said that effect of the change-point on the software reliability growth process influences on accuracy for software reliability assessment based on a software reliability growth model (SRGM). We propose an SRGM with the effect of the change-point based on a bivariate SRGM, in which the software reliability growth process is assumed to depend on the testing-time and testing-effort factors simultaneously, for accurate software reliability assessment. And we discuss an optimal software release problem for deriving optimal testing-effort expenditures based on our model. Further, we show numerical examples of software reliability assessment based on our bivariate SRGM and estimation of optimal testing-effort expenditures by using actual data.展开更多
Since the mid 1980s, an increasing number of project management software packages (PMSP) have appeared in the market to support project management organizations. Currently there are more than 500 software tools availa...Since the mid 1980s, an increasing number of project management software packages (PMSP) have appeared in the market to support project management organizations. Currently there are more than 500 software tools available. They vary widely both in their prices and capabilities. Despite the wide spread of PMSP, project-based organizations are left unguided as to how they should select the most appropriate software tool for their intended business use. The aim of this paper was to develop an evaluation/scoring module suitable for comparing different project management software packages to help select the most appropriate package. The evaluation model is based on the ISO/IEC evaluation criterion that takes into consideration all the necessary features and characteristics required in project management software. The evaluation model will provide software users and project organizations with a useful tool to compare various packages available in the market and select the best that suits their business needs.展开更多
Software reliability and maintainability evaluation tool (SRMET 3.0) is introducted in detail in this paper, which was developed by Software Evaluation and Test Center of China Aerospace Mechanical Corporation. SRMET ...Software reliability and maintainability evaluation tool (SRMET 3.0) is introducted in detail in this paper, which was developed by Software Evaluation and Test Center of China Aerospace Mechanical Corporation. SRMET 3.0 is supported by seven software reliability models and four software maintainability models. Numerical characteristics for all those models are deeply studied in this paper, and corresponding numerical algorithms for each model are also given in the paper.展开更多
基金supported in part by the Education Reform Key Projects of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.SJGZ20220011,SJGZ20220012)the Excellent Project of Ministry of Education and China Higher Education Association on Digital Ideological and Political Education in Universities(Grant No.GXSZSZJPXM001)。
文摘This paper proposes a multivariate data fusion based quality evaluation model for software talent cultivation.The model constructs a comprehensive ability and quality evaluation index system for college students from a perspective of engineering course,especially of software engineering.As for evaluation method,relying on the behavioral data of students during their school years,we aim to construct the evaluation model as objective as possible,effectively weakening the negative impact of personal subjective assumptions on the evaluation results.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliability analysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificial intelligence technology. By reasoning out the conclusion from the fitting results of failure data of a software project, the SRES can recommend users “the most suitable model” as a software reliability measurement model. We believe that the SRES can overcome the inconsistency in applications of software reliability models well. We report investigation results of singularity and parameter estimation methods of experimental models in SRES.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘According to the principle, “The failure data is the basis of software reliabilityanalysis”, we built a software reliability expert system (SRES) by adopting the artificialtechnology. By reasoning out the conclusion from the fitting results of failure data of asoftware project, the SRES can recommend users “the most suitable model” as a softwarereliability measurement model. We believe that the SRES can overcome the inconsistency inapplications of software reliability models well. We report investigation results of singularity and parameter estimation methods of models, LVLM and LVQM.
基金supported by the International Technology Cooperation Project of Guizhou Province(QianKeHeWaiGZi[2012]7052)the National Scientific Research Project for Statistics(2012LZ054)
文摘As the web-server based business is rapidly developed and popularized, how to evaluate and improve the reliability of web-servers has been extremely important. Although a large num- ber of software reliability growth models （SRGMs）, including those combined with multiple change-points （CPs）, have been available, these conventional SRGMs cannot be directly applied to web soft- ware reliability analysis because of the complex web operational profile. To characterize the web operational profile precisely, it should be realized that the workload of a web server is normally non-homogeneous and often observed with the pattern of random impulsive shocks. A web software reliability model with random im- pulsive shocks and its statistical analysis method are developed. In the proposed model, the web server workload is characterized by a geometric Brownian motion process. Based on a real data set from IIS server logs of ICRMS website （www.icrms.cn）, the proposed model is demonstrated to be powerful for estimating impulsive shocks and web software reliability.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61572167)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0801804)the Natural Science Foundation for Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(KJ2019A0482).
文摘Reliability engineering implemented early in the development process has a significant impact on improving software quality.It can assist in the design of architecture and guide later testing,which is beyond the scope of traditional reliability analysis methods.Structural reliability models work for this,but most of them remain tested in only simulation case studies due to lack of actual data.Here we use software metrics for reliability modeling which are collected from source codes of post versions.Through the proposed strategy,redundant metric elements are filtered out and the rest are aggregated to represent the module reliability.We further propose a framework to automatically apply the module value and calculate overall reliability by introducing formal methods.The experimental results from an actual project show that reliability analysis at the design and development stage can be close to the validity of analysis at the test stage through reasonable application of metric data.The study also demonstrates that the proposed methods have good applicability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60973118,60873075)
文摘Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-propagation reliability model(CBPRM)with low complexity for the complex software system reliability evaluation is presented in this paper.The proposed model is based on the artificial neural networks and the component reliability sensitivity analyses.These analyses are performed dynamically and assigned to the neurons to optimize the reliability evaluation.CBPRM has a linear increasing complexity and outperforms the state-based and the path-based reliability models.Another advantage of CBPRM over others is its robustness.CBPRM depends on the component reliabilities and the correlative sensitivities,which are independent from the software system structure.Based on the theory analysis and experiment results,it shows that the complexity of CBPRM is evidently lower than the contrast models and the reliability evaluating accuracy is acceptable when the software system structure is complex.
文摘The </span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">software reliability model is the stochastic model to measure the software <span>reliability quantitatively. A Hazard-Rate Model is </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">well</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">known one as the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> typical software reliability model. We propose Hazard-Rate Models Consider<span>ing Fault Severity Levels (CFSL) for Open Source Software (OSS). The purpose of </span><span>this research is to </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">make </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the Hazard-Rate Model considering CFSL adapt to</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">baseline hazard function and 2 kinds of faults data in Bug Tracking System <span>(BTS)</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> <i>i.e.</i>, we use the covariate vectors in Cox proportional Hazard-Rate</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> Model. Also, <span>we show the numerical examples by evaluating the performance of our pro</span><span>posed model. As the result, we compare the performance of our model with the</span> Hazard-Rate Model CFSL.
基金supported by the Pre-research Foundation of CPLA General Equipment Department
文摘Testing-effort（TE） and imperfect debugging（ID） in the reliability modeling process may further improve the fitting and prediction results of software reliability growth models（SRGMs）. For describing the S-shaped varying trend of TE increasing rate more accurately, first, two S-shaped testing-effort functions（TEFs）, i.e.,delayed S-shaped TEF（DS-TEF） and inflected S-shaped TEF（IS-TEF）, are proposed. Then these two TEFs are incorporated into various types（exponential-type, delayed S-shaped and inflected S-shaped） of non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）SRGMs with two forms of ID respectively for obtaining a series of new NHPP SRGMs which consider S-shaped TEFs as well as ID. Finally these new SRGMs and several comparison NHPP SRGMs are applied into four real failure data-sets respectively for investigating the fitting and prediction power of these new SRGMs.The experimental results show that：（i） the proposed IS-TEF is more suitable and flexible for describing the consumption of TE than the previous TEFs;（ii） incorporating TEFs into the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM may be more effective and appropriate compared with the exponential-type and the delayed S-shaped NHPP SRGMs;（iii） the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM considering both IS-TEF and ID yields the most accurate fitting and prediction results than the other comparison NHPP SRGMs.
文摘Several software reliability growth models （SRGM） have been developed to monitor the reliability growth during the testing phase of software development. In most of the existing research available in the literatures, it is considered that a similar testing effort is required on each debugging effort. However, in practice, different types of faults may require different amounts of testing efforts for their detection and removal. Consequently, faults are classified into three categories on the basis of severity： simple, hard and complex. This categorization may be extended to r type of faults on the basis of severity. Although some existing research in the literatures has incorporated this concept that fault removal rate （FRR） is different for different types of faults, they assume that the FRR remains constant during the overall testing period. On the contrary, it has been observed that as testing progresses, FRR changes due to changing testing strategy, skill, environment and personnel resources. In this paper, a general discrete SRGM is proposed for errors of different severity in software systems using the change-point concept. Then, the models are formulated for two particular environments. The models were validated on two real-life data sets. The results show better fit and wider applicability of the proposed models as to different types of failure datasets.
基金Supported by the Education Reform Project in Guizhou Province(SJJG201404)Engineering Center of Avionics Electrical and Information Network of Guizhou Province Colleges and Universities(HKDZ201406)
文摘As a significant measure of software security evaluation, software reliability evaluation is also the basis of software safe operation. Traditional software system security evaluation methods are qualitative evaluation based on the functional and structural measurements, and it often ignores quantitative research based on invalidity and fault. This paper propose a stochastic transition function as a measure parameters of the reliability of stochastic Petri nets （SPN） theory. By calculating the probability of stability of the system, failure and mean time to first failure, it establishes an evaluation and measurement method for software reliability. With example analysis, the method can conduct effective evaluation on the software reliability index quickly and accurately, and meanwhile provides a new method for the software security evaluation.
基金supported by the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos.2006AA01Z187,2007AA040605)
文摘In traditional Bayesian software reliability models, it was assume that all probabilities are precise. In practical applications the parameters of the probability distributions are often under uncertainty due to strong dependence on subjective information of experts＇ judgments on sparse statistical data. In this paper, a quasi-Bayesian software reliability model using interval-valued probabilities to clearly quantify experts＇ prior beliefs on possible intervals of the parameters of the probability distributions is presented. The model integrates experts＇ judgments with statistical data to obtain more convincible assessments of software reliability with small samples. For some actual data sets, the presented model yields better predictions than the Jelinski-Moranda （JM） model using maximum likelihood （ML）.
文摘A taxonomy of software reliability models is developed that the models are classified as parametric and nonparametric models, and the nonparametric models are classified according to the mathematical methods they used. Then, a practical appraising index system for nonparametric software reliability models are put forward. The nonparametric software reliability models are classified into 5 classes, that is time series analysis models, grey theo- ry forecasting models, artificial neural network models, wavelet analysis models and kernel estimation models, and they are evaluated by the practical index system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60873195,60873003,and 61070220)the Doctoral Foundation of Ministry of Education (No.20090111110002)
文摘With the rapid progress of component technology,the software development methodology of gathering a large number of components for designing complex software systems has matured.But,how to assess the application reliability accurately with the information of system architecture and the components reliabilities together has become a knotty problem.In this paper,the defects in formal description of software architecture and the limitations in existed model assumptions are both analyzed.Moreover,a new software reliability model called Component Interaction Mode(CIM) is proposed.With this model,the problem for existed component-based software reliability analysis models that cannot deal with the cases of component interaction with non-failure independent and non-random control transition is resolved.At last,the practice examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this model.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61304218)Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.3153027)
文摘Electromechanical product's reliability is affected by uncertainty as well as performance degeneration during its life cycle.The present reliability and performance integrating modeling methods have obvious deficiencies in long period reliability analysis and assessment when applied to such system.A novel integrating modeling method based on physics of failure(PoF)and a simulation algorithm that considers uncertainty and degeneration are proposed in this paper to compute maintenance free operation period or maintenance free operation period survivability which is used to assess long period reliability of system.Furthermore,the concept design of this kind of software based on the above theory is also introduced.A case study of servo valve demonstrates the feasibility of the method and usability of the software in this research.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71671016)the School Fund of Beijing Information Science&Technology University(No.1935004)
文摘As one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of software, software reliability experiences an increasing development in recent years. We investigate a software reliability growth model(SRGM). The application of this model is to predict the occurrence of the software faults based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP). Unlike the independent assumptions in other models, we consider fault dependency. The testing faults are divided into three classes in this model: leading faults, first-step dependent faults and second-step dependent faults. The leading faults occurring independently follow an NHPP, while the first-step dependent faults only become detectable after the related leading faults are detected. The second-step dependent faults can only be detected after the related first-step dependent faults are detected. Then, the combined model is built on the basis of the three sub-processes. Finally, an illustration based on real dataset is presented to verify the proposed model.
基金This work was supported in part by the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China under
文摘This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical view for a fault tolerant software management system is put forward, and an approach that consists of system transient performance analysis is adopted. A quantitative approach for software reliability analysis is given. The results show its usefulness for the design and evaluation of the early-stage software reliability modeling when failure data is not available.
文摘To ensure the safe operation of any software controlled critical systems,quality factors like reliability and safety are given utmost importance.In this paper,we have chosen to analyze the impact of logic error that is one of the contributors to the above factors.In view of this,we propose a novel framework based on a data driven approach known as software failure estimation with logic error(SFELE).Here,the probabilistic nature of software error is explored by observing the operation of a safety critical system by injecting logic fault.The occurrence of error,its propagations and transformations are analyzed from its inception to end of its execution cycle through the hidden Markov model(HMM)technique.We found that the proposed framework SFELE supports in labeling and quantifying the behavioral properties of selected errors in a safety critical system while traversing across its system components in addition to reliability estimation of the system.Our attempt at the design level can help the design engineers to improve their system quality in a costeffective manner.
文摘Testing-time when a change of a stochastic characteristic of the software failure-occurrence time or software failure-occurrence time-interval is observed is called change-point. It is said that effect of the change-point on the software reliability growth process influences on accuracy for software reliability assessment based on a software reliability growth model (SRGM). We propose an SRGM with the effect of the change-point based on a bivariate SRGM, in which the software reliability growth process is assumed to depend on the testing-time and testing-effort factors simultaneously, for accurate software reliability assessment. And we discuss an optimal software release problem for deriving optimal testing-effort expenditures based on our model. Further, we show numerical examples of software reliability assessment based on our bivariate SRGM and estimation of optimal testing-effort expenditures by using actual data.
文摘Since the mid 1980s, an increasing number of project management software packages (PMSP) have appeared in the market to support project management organizations. Currently there are more than 500 software tools available. They vary widely both in their prices and capabilities. Despite the wide spread of PMSP, project-based organizations are left unguided as to how they should select the most appropriate software tool for their intended business use. The aim of this paper was to develop an evaluation/scoring module suitable for comparing different project management software packages to help select the most appropriate package. The evaluation model is based on the ISO/IEC evaluation criterion that takes into consideration all the necessary features and characteristics required in project management software. The evaluation model will provide software users and project organizations with a useful tool to compare various packages available in the market and select the best that suits their business needs.
文摘Software reliability and maintainability evaluation tool (SRMET 3.0) is introducted in detail in this paper, which was developed by Software Evaluation and Test Center of China Aerospace Mechanical Corporation. SRMET 3.0 is supported by seven software reliability models and four software maintainability models. Numerical characteristics for all those models are deeply studied in this paper, and corresponding numerical algorithms for each model are also given in the paper.
