Soap is sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid produced by saponification reaction. Soap is used on a day to day basis by households. The physicochemical properties of soaps determine their quality and hence determine...Soap is sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid produced by saponification reaction. Soap is used on a day to day basis by households. The physicochemical properties of soaps determine their quality and hence determine their efficiency and their cleansing properties. It remains obscure the quality of the soaps that are sold in the local markets in Kenya and thus the need to assess them. Eight commercial washing soaps were analyzed for Matter insoluble in alcohol, moisture content, total fat matter, free caustic alkalinity, Percentage chloride, pH and Total alkali according to documented methods of analysis. Values of matter insoluble in alcohol ranged between 6.22% to 61.80%, moisture content ranged between 10.91% to 22.69%, total fat matter ranged between 22.64% to 70.51%, free caustic alkali ranged between 0.00% to 0.06%, percentage chloride ranged between 0.07% to 1.01%, pH ranged between 10.63 to 11.71 and total alkali ranged between 0.00% to 0.99%. This study showed that the free caustic alkalinity of all the analyzed soap samples were below the KEBS set limits hence no adverse effects on the cloth or skin, and the pH values for all analyzed soaps were within KEBS limits.展开更多
有一种肥皂称Antibacterial(抗菌的)soaps,此外,还有其他声称能够抗菌的日常用品,如:lotions(洗液)and mouthwashes(漱口水)。本文对其广告宣传的作用(advertise themselves as fighting bacteria or microbes)表示了质疑。主要 原因在...有一种肥皂称Antibacterial(抗菌的)soaps,此外,还有其他声称能够抗菌的日常用品,如:lotions(洗液)and mouthwashes(漱口水)。本文对其广告宣传的作用(advertise themselves as fighting bacteria or microbes)表示了质疑。主要 原因在于:personal-care products may cause antibiotic resistance.本文提出一个重要的概念:excessive use of antibiotics。这使我们想起了中国的一句老话:过犹不及。展开更多
"Soap making is the perfect medium for me to combine the science of exact chemistry formulation with the art of creating an experience through shapes,colors,textures and scents that harness the natural goodness o..."Soap making is the perfect medium for me to combine the science of exact chemistry formulation with the art of creating an experience through shapes,colors,textures and scents that harness the natural goodness of botanical oils and extracts",says Ruth Ng,the founder of Sapo Soap Works.展开更多
目的:分析临床专业儿科实习生病历书写情况,探讨SOAP(Subjective-Objective-Assessment-Plan)教学法在临床专业儿科实习生病历书写能力培养中的作用。方法:选取南京医科大学附属儿童医院175名临床专业儿科实习生作为研究对象,分为传统...目的:分析临床专业儿科实习生病历书写情况,探讨SOAP(Subjective-Objective-Assessment-Plan)教学法在临床专业儿科实习生病历书写能力培养中的作用。方法:选取南京医科大学附属儿童医院175名临床专业儿科实习生作为研究对象,分为传统实习组(n=85)及SOAP教学组(n=90),不同方式培训后比较两组实习生的病历书写成绩。结果:175名学生病历书写总分为86.13±8.88分;C9院校和医学专科院校学生病历书写情况明显优于其他院校(89.15±7.51,89.25±5.19 vs 83.64±8.93,79.18±10.53),5+3一体化培养专业学生病历书写情况明显优于五年制临床专业(87.30±8.00 vs 83.94±10.03);最常见的错误类型为内容错误、不完整或与实际情况不符等逻辑性问题,占83.71%;SOAP组实习生病历书写成绩明显高于传统组(90.53±4.52 vs 81.47±9.94,P<0.0001),且逻辑性错误比例明显降低(P=0.0068)。结论:临床专业实习生儿科病历书写情况存在一定不足,SOAP教学法有助于提升儿科实习生病历书写水平及思维逻辑性。展开更多
文摘Soap is sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid produced by saponification reaction. Soap is used on a day to day basis by households. The physicochemical properties of soaps determine their quality and hence determine their efficiency and their cleansing properties. It remains obscure the quality of the soaps that are sold in the local markets in Kenya and thus the need to assess them. Eight commercial washing soaps were analyzed for Matter insoluble in alcohol, moisture content, total fat matter, free caustic alkalinity, Percentage chloride, pH and Total alkali according to documented methods of analysis. Values of matter insoluble in alcohol ranged between 6.22% to 61.80%, moisture content ranged between 10.91% to 22.69%, total fat matter ranged between 22.64% to 70.51%, free caustic alkali ranged between 0.00% to 0.06%, percentage chloride ranged between 0.07% to 1.01%, pH ranged between 10.63 to 11.71 and total alkali ranged between 0.00% to 0.99%. This study showed that the free caustic alkalinity of all the analyzed soap samples were below the KEBS set limits hence no adverse effects on the cloth or skin, and the pH values for all analyzed soaps were within KEBS limits.
文摘有一种肥皂称Antibacterial(抗菌的)soaps,此外,还有其他声称能够抗菌的日常用品,如:lotions(洗液)and mouthwashes(漱口水)。本文对其广告宣传的作用(advertise themselves as fighting bacteria or microbes)表示了质疑。主要 原因在于:personal-care products may cause antibiotic resistance.本文提出一个重要的概念:excessive use of antibiotics。这使我们想起了中国的一句老话:过犹不及。
文摘"Soap making is the perfect medium for me to combine the science of exact chemistry formulation with the art of creating an experience through shapes,colors,textures and scents that harness the natural goodness of botanical oils and extracts",says Ruth Ng,the founder of Sapo Soap Works.
文摘目的:分析临床专业儿科实习生病历书写情况,探讨SOAP(Subjective-Objective-Assessment-Plan)教学法在临床专业儿科实习生病历书写能力培养中的作用。方法:选取南京医科大学附属儿童医院175名临床专业儿科实习生作为研究对象,分为传统实习组(n=85)及SOAP教学组(n=90),不同方式培训后比较两组实习生的病历书写成绩。结果:175名学生病历书写总分为86.13±8.88分;C9院校和医学专科院校学生病历书写情况明显优于其他院校(89.15±7.51,89.25±5.19 vs 83.64±8.93,79.18±10.53),5+3一体化培养专业学生病历书写情况明显优于五年制临床专业(87.30±8.00 vs 83.94±10.03);最常见的错误类型为内容错误、不完整或与实际情况不符等逻辑性问题,占83.71%;SOAP组实习生病历书写成绩明显高于传统组(90.53±4.52 vs 81.47±9.94,P<0.0001),且逻辑性错误比例明显降低(P=0.0068)。结论:临床专业实习生儿科病历书写情况存在一定不足,SOAP教学法有助于提升儿科实习生病历书写水平及思维逻辑性。
