The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an over...The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.展开更多
Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of...Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of catalytical materials.In 2019,we discussed the development trend of this field,and wrote a roadmap on this topic in Chinese Chemical Letters(30(2019)2065-2088).Nowadays,we discuss it again from a new viewpoint along this road.In this paper,several subtopics are discussed,e.g.,photocatalysis based on titanium dioxide,violet phosphorus,graphitic carbon and covalent organic frameworks,electrocatalysts based on carbon,metal-and covalent-organic framework.Finally,we hope that this roadmap can enrich the development of two-dimensional materials in environmental catalysis with novel understanding,and give useful inspiration to explore new catalysts for practical applications.展开更多
We propose and investigate a novel stable two-dimensional(2D)AlO_(2)with anomalous stoichiometric ratios based on first-principles calculation.2D AlO_(2)has metallic properties.It possesses the rare in-plane and out-o...We propose and investigate a novel stable two-dimensional(2D)AlO_(2)with anomalous stoichiometric ratios based on first-principles calculation.2D AlO_(2)has metallic properties.It possesses the rare in-plane and out-of-plane negative Poisson's ratio(NPR)phenomenon,originating from its special sawtooth-like structure.The absolute value of the NPR decreases as the number of layers increases.The adsorption of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)including CH_(2)O,C_(2)H_(3)Cl and C_(6)H_(6)by AlO_(2)exhibit small adsorption distance,large adsorption energy,large charge transfer and significant density of states(DOS)changes,indicating the presence of strong interactions.The desorption time of each gas molecule on the AlO_(2)surface is also evaluated,and the results further suggest that the desorption of VOCs can be controlled by changing the temperature to achieve the recycling of AlO_(2).These interesting properties make 2D AlO_(2)a promising material for electronic,mechanical and sensing applications for VOCs.展开更多
In recent years,as the dimensions of the conventional semiconductor technology is approaching the physical limits,while the multifunction circuits are restricted by the relatively fixed characteristics of the traditio...In recent years,as the dimensions of the conventional semiconductor technology is approaching the physical limits,while the multifunction circuits are restricted by the relatively fixed characteristics of the traditional metal−oxide−semiconductor field-effect transistors,reconfigurable devices that can realize reconfigurable characteristics and multiple functions at device level have been seen as a promising method to improve integration density and reduce power consumption.Owing to the ultrathin structure,effective control of the electronic characteristics and ability to modulate structural defects,two-dimensional(2D)materials have been widely used to fabricate reconfigurable devices.In this review,we summarize the working principles and related logic applications of reconfigurable devices based on 2D materials,including generating tunable anti-ambipolar responses and demonstrating nonvolatile operations.Furthermore,we discuss the analog signal processing applications of anti-ambipolar transistors and the artificial intelligence hardware implementations based on reconfigurable transistors and memristors,respectively,therefore highlighting the outstanding advantages of reconfigurable devices in footprint,energy consumption and performance.Finally,we discuss the challenges of the 2D materials-based reconfigurable devices.展开更多
Moiré superlattices have revolutionized the study of two-dimensional materials, enabling unprecedented control over their electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehen...Moiré superlattices have revolutionized the study of two-dimensional materials, enabling unprecedented control over their electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in moiré physics, focusing on the formation of moiré superlattices due to rotational misalignment or lattice mismatch in two-dimensional materials. These superlattices induce flat band structures and strong correlation effects,leading to the emergence of exotic quantum phases, such as unconventional superconductivity, correlated insulating states,and fractional quantum anomalous Hall effects. The review also explores the underlying mechanisms of these phenomena and discusses the potential technological applications of moiré physics, offering insights into future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.展开更多
Large-area and high-quality two-dimensional crystals are the basis for the development of the next-generation electronic and optical devices.The synthesis of two-dimensional materials in wafer scales is the first crit...Large-area and high-quality two-dimensional crystals are the basis for the development of the next-generation electronic and optical devices.The synthesis of two-dimensional materials in wafer scales is the first critical step for future technology uptake by the industries;however,currently presented as a significant challenge.Substantial efforts have been devoted to producing atomically thin two-dimensional materials with large lateral dimensions,controllable and uniform thicknesses,large crystal domains and minimum defects.In this review,recent advances in synthetic routes to obtain high-quality two-dimensional crystals with lateral sizes exceeding a hundred micrometres are outlined.Applications of the achieved large-area two-dimensional crystals in electronics and optoelectronics are summarised,and advantages and disadvantages of each approach considering ease of the synthesis,defects,grain sizes and uniformity are discussed.展开更多
Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Re...Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Recently,typical 2D materials MoS2,graphene,MXenes,and black phosphorus have been widely investigated for their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this review,we summarize three efficient strategies—defect engineering,heterostructure formation,and heteroatom doping—for improving the HER performance of 2D catalysts.The d-band theory,density of states,and Fermi energy level are discussed to provide guidance for the design and construction of novel 2D materials.The challenges and prospects of 2D materials in the HER are also considered.展开更多
Angle-resolved polarized Raman（ARPR） spectroscopy can be utilized to assign the Raman modes based on crystal symmetry and Raman selection rules and also to characterize the crystallographic orientation of anisotropi...Angle-resolved polarized Raman（ARPR） spectroscopy can be utilized to assign the Raman modes based on crystal symmetry and Raman selection rules and also to characterize the crystallographic orientation of anisotropic materials.However, polarized Raman measurements can be implemented by several different configurations and thus lead to different results. In this work, we systematically analyze three typical polarization configurations： 1） to change the polarization of the incident laser, 2） to rotate the sample, and 3） to set a half-wave plate in the common optical path of incident laser and scattered Raman signal to simultaneously vary their polarization directions. We provide a general approach of polarization analysis on the Raman intensity under the three polarization configurations and demonstrate that the latter two cases are equivalent to each other. Because the basal plane of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite（HOPG） exhibits isotropic feature and its edge plane is highly anisotropic, HOPG can be treated as a modelling system to study ARPR spectroscopy of twodimensional materials on their basal and edge planes. Therefore, we verify the ARPR behaviors of HOPG on its basal and edge planes at three different polarization configurations. The orientation direction of HOPG edge plane can be accurately determined by the angle-resolved polarization-dependent G mode intensity without rotating sample, which shows potential application for orientation determination of other anisotropic and vertically standing two-dimensional materials and other materials.展开更多
The current energy crisis has prompted the development of new energy sources and energy storage/conversion devices. Membranes, as the key component, not only provide enormous separation potential for energy purificati...The current energy crisis has prompted the development of new energy sources and energy storage/conversion devices. Membranes, as the key component, not only provide enormous separation potential for energy purification but also guarantee stable and high-efficiency operation for rechargeable batteries and fuel cells. Remarkably, two-dimensional(2D) material separation membranes have attracted intense attention on their excellent performance in energy field applications, owing to high mechanical/chemical stability, low mass transport resistance, strict sizeexclusion, and abundant modifiable functional groups. In this review, we concentrate on the recent progress of 2D membrane and introduce 2D membranes based on graphene oxide(GO), MXenes, 2D MOFs, 2D COFs, and 2D zeolite nanosheets, which are applied in membrane separation(H2 collection and biofuel purification) and battery separators(vanadium flow battery, Li–S battery, and fuel cell). The mass transport mechanism, selectivity mechanism, and modification methods of these 2D membranes are stated in brief, mainly focusing on interlayer dominant membranes(GO and MXenes) and pore dominant membranes(MOFs, COFs, and zeolite nanosheets). In conclusion, we highlight the challenges and outlooks of applying 2D membranes in energy fields.展开更多
High-performance photodetectors are expected to open up revolutionary opportunities in many application fields, such as environment monitoring, military, optical communication and biomedical science. Combining two-dim...High-performance photodetectors are expected to open up revolutionary opportunities in many application fields, such as environment monitoring, military, optical communication and biomedical science. Combining two-dimensional materials(which have tunable optical absorption and high carrier mobility) with organic materials(which are abundant with low cost, high flexibility and large-area scalability) to form thin-film heterojunctions, high-responsivity photodetectors could be predicted with fast response speed in a wide spectra region.In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of photodetectors based on two-dimensional materials and organic thin-film heterojunctions, which includes hybrid assisted enhanced devices, single-layer enhanced devices, vertical heterojunction devices and tunable vertical heterojunction devices. We also give a systematic classification and perspectives on the future development of these types of photodetectors.展开更多
Thermoelectric generators have attracted a wide research interest owing to their ability to directly convert heat into electrical power.Moreover,the thermoelectric properties of traditional inorganic and organic mater...Thermoelectric generators have attracted a wide research interest owing to their ability to directly convert heat into electrical power.Moreover,the thermoelectric properties of traditional inorganic and organic materials have been significantly improved over the past few decades.Among these compounds,layered two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,black phosphorus,transition metal dichalcogenides,IVA–VIA compounds,and MXenes,have generated a large research attention as a group of potentially high-performance thermoelectric materials.Due to their unique electronic,mechanical,thermal,and optoelectronic properties,thermoelectric devices based on such materials can be applied in a variety of applications.Herein,a comprehensive review on the development of 2D materials for thermoelectric applications,as well as theoretical simulations and experimental preparation,is presented.In addition,nanodevice and new applications of 2D thermoelectric materials are also introduced.At last,current challenges are discussed and several prospects in this field are proposed.展开更多
Two-dimensional black phosphorus(2D BP),an emerging material,has aroused tremendous interest once discovered.This is due to the fact that it integrates unprecedented properties of other 2D materials,such as tunable ba...Two-dimensional black phosphorus(2D BP),an emerging material,has aroused tremendous interest once discovered.This is due to the fact that it integrates unprecedented properties of other 2D materials,such as tunable bandgap structures,outstanding electrochemical properties,anisotropic mechanical,thermodynamic,and photoelectric properties,making it of great research value in many fields.The emergence of 2D BP has greatly promoted the development of electrochemical energy storage devices,especially lithium-ion batteries.However,in the application of 2D BP,there are still some problems to be solved urgently,such as the difficulty in the synthesis of large-scale high-quality phosphorene,poor environmental stability,and the volume expansion as electrode materials.Herein,according to the latest research progress of 2D BP in the field of energy storage,we systematically summarize and compare the preparation methods of phosphorene and discuss the basic structure and properties of BP,especially the environmental instability and passivation techniques.In particular,the practical application and challenges of 2D BP as anode material for lithium-ion batteries are analyzed in detail.Finally,some personal perspectives on the future development and challenges of BP are presented.展开更多
A lithium-sulfur(Li-S)system is an important candidate for future lithium-ion system due to its low cost and high specific theoretical capacity(1675 m Ah/g,2600 Wh/kg),which is greatly hindered by the poor conductivit...A lithium-sulfur(Li-S)system is an important candidate for future lithium-ion system due to its low cost and high specific theoretical capacity(1675 m Ah/g,2600 Wh/kg),which is greatly hindered by the poor conductivity of sulfur,large volume change and dissolution of lithium polysulfides.Two-dimensional(2D)materials with monolayers or few-layers usually have peculiar structures and physical/chemical properties,which can resolve the critical issues in Li-S batteries.Especially,the metal-based 2D nanomaterials,including ferrum,cobalt or other metal-based composites with various anions,can provide high conductivity,large surface area and abundant reaction sites for restraining the diffusion for lithium polysulfides.In this mini-review,we will present an overview of recent developments on metal-based 2D nanomaterials with various anions as the electrode materials for Li-S batteries.Since the main bottleneck for the Li-S system is the shuttle of polysulfides,emphasis is placed on the structure and components,physical/chemical interaction and interaction mechanisms of the 2D materials.Finally,the challenges and prospects of metal-based 2D nanomaterials for Li-S batteries are discussed and proposed.展开更多
Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted worldwide interest. They are proved to be the most promising materials for next generation electronic and optoelectronic devices, ...Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted worldwide interest. They are proved to be the most promising materials for next generation electronic and optoelectronic devices, including transistor, photodetector, sensor, modulator and light-emitting diode. Defects, e.g. vacancies, adatoms, edges, grain boundaries, and substitutional impurities, are inevitable in 2D materials[1]. They will influence the performance of the materials in many aspects such as mechanical, electrical, optical and optoelectronic properties. For example, the presence of sulfur vacancies (SVs) leads to electron donor states within the electronic bandgap. This increases electron concentration and results in n-type characteristic in as-prepared MoS2. They could also give rise to hopping transport behavior in low carrier density and act as scattering centers to reduce the carrier mobility in MoS2. Thus, defect engineering, namely, eliminating the unfavorable defects and introducing beneficial defects is very meaningful, and would be a promising strategy to realize high performance electronic and optoelectronic devices based on 2D materials.展开更多
Single-atom site catalysts(SACs) and two-dimensional materials(2DM) have gradually become two hot topics in catalysis over the past decades. Their combination with each other can further endow the derived SACs with ex...Single-atom site catalysts(SACs) and two-dimensional materials(2DM) have gradually become two hot topics in catalysis over the past decades. Their combination with each other can further endow the derived SACs with extraordinary properties such as high loading, identical active sites, uniform coordination environment, distinctive metal-support interaction, and enhanced catalytic activities. In this review, we highlight the recent development in this specific research topic according to the types of substrates and focus on their applications in energy conversion field. Additionally, we also make a brief introduction to the synthesis and characterization methods for SACs supported on 2DM(SACs/2DM). Finally, the challenges and perspectives are summarized based on the current development status. It is believed that this work will make contributions to the rational design and fabrication of novel SACs/2DM, promoting their practical energy applications in the future.展开更多
Two-dimensional （2D） materials, e.g., graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, and black phosphorus （BP）, have demonstrated fascinating electrical and optical characteristics and exhibited great potent...Two-dimensional （2D） materials, e.g., graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, and black phosphorus （BP）, have demonstrated fascinating electrical and optical characteristics and exhibited great potential in optoelectronic applications. High-performance and multifunctional devices were achieved by employing diverse designs, such as hybrid systems with nanostructured materials, bulk semiconductors and organics, forming 2D heterostructures. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent progress of 2D materials in high-responsive photodetectors, light-emitting devices and single photon emitters. Hybrid systems and van der Waals heterostructure-based devices are emphasized, which exhibit great potential in state-of-the-art applications.展开更多
Two-dimensional（2D） materials have been regarded as a promising nonlinear optical medium for fabricating versatile optical and optoelectronic devices. Among the various photonic applications, the employment of 2D ma...Two-dimensional（2D） materials have been regarded as a promising nonlinear optical medium for fabricating versatile optical and optoelectronic devices. Among the various photonic applications, the employment of 2D materials as nonlinear optical devices such as saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulse generation and shaping in ultrafast lasers is one of the most striking aspects in recent years. In this paper, we review the recent progress of 2D materials based pulse generation and soliton shaping in ultrafast fiber lasers, and particularly in the context of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices. The fabrication of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices, high performance mode-locked pulse generation, and the nonlinear soliton dynamics based on pulse shaping method are discussed. Finally, the challenges and the perspective of the 2D materials-based photonic devices as well as their applications are also discussed.展开更多
Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene, phosphorene, and transition metal dichalcogenides （e.g., MoS2 and WS2）, have attracted a great deal of attention recently due to their extraordinary structural, me...Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene, phosphorene, and transition metal dichalcogenides （e.g., MoS2 and WS2）, have attracted a great deal of attention recently due to their extraordinary structural, mechanical, and physical properties. In particular, 2D materials have shown great potential for thermal management and thermoelectric energy generation. In this article, we review the recent advances in the study of thermal properties of 2D materials. We first review some important aspects in thermal conductivity of graphene and discuss the possibility to enhance the ultra-high thermal conductivity of graphene. Next, we discuss thermal conductivity of MoS2 and the new strategy for thermal management of MoS2 device. Subsequently, we discuss the anisotropic thermal properties of phosphorene. Finally, we review the application of 2D materials in thermal devices, including thermal rectifier and thermal modulator.展开更多
In recent years, structure design and predictions based on global optimization approach as implemented in CALYPSO software have gained great success in accelerating the discovery of novel two-dimensional(2D) materials...In recent years, structure design and predictions based on global optimization approach as implemented in CALYPSO software have gained great success in accelerating the discovery of novel two-dimensional(2D) materials. Here we highlight some most recent research progress on the prediction of novel 2D structures, involving elements, metal-free and metal-containing compounds using CALYPSO package. Particular emphasis will be given to those 2D materials that exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties with great potentials for applications in novel electronics, optoelectronics,magnetronics, spintronics, and photovoltaics. Finally, we also comment on the challenges and perspectives for future discovery of multi-functional 2D materials.展开更多
Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene and MoS2 related transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDC）, have attracted much attention for their potential applications. Ferroelectrics, one of the special and tra...Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene and MoS2 related transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDC）, have attracted much attention for their potential applications. Ferroelectrics, one of the special and traditional dielectric materials, possess a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field. In recent years, a new type of device, combining 2D materials with ferroelectrics, has been fabricated. Many novel devices have been fabricated, such as low power consumption memory devices, highly sensitive photo-transistors, etc. using this technique of hybrid systems incorporating ferroelectrics and 2D materials. This paper reviews two types of devices based on field effect transistor （FET） structures with ferroelectric gate dielectric construction （termed FeFET）. One type of device is for logic applications, such as a graphene and TMDC FeFET for fabricating memory units. Another device is for optoelectric applications, such as high performance phototransistors using a graphene p-n junction. Finally, we discuss the prospects for future applications of 2D material FeFET.展开更多
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272004,62272041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YWF-22-L-1256)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3402600)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.1870011182126)。
文摘The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272290,21972030,52073119,and 52373210)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20230101029JC)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(No.202303021212159)the Monash University Malaysia–ASEAN grant(No.ASE-000010)。
文摘Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of catalytical materials.In 2019,we discussed the development trend of this field,and wrote a roadmap on this topic in Chinese Chemical Letters(30(2019)2065-2088).Nowadays,we discuss it again from a new viewpoint along this road.In this paper,several subtopics are discussed,e.g.,photocatalysis based on titanium dioxide,violet phosphorus,graphitic carbon and covalent organic frameworks,electrocatalysts based on carbon,metal-and covalent-organic framework.Finally,we hope that this roadmap can enrich the development of two-dimensional materials in environmental catalysis with novel understanding,and give useful inspiration to explore new catalysts for practical applications.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275149)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.SWU118105)the Next-Generation Advanced Energy Materials Program of BatteroTech Co.,Ltd.
文摘We propose and investigate a novel stable two-dimensional(2D)AlO_(2)with anomalous stoichiometric ratios based on first-principles calculation.2D AlO_(2)has metallic properties.It possesses the rare in-plane and out-of-plane negative Poisson's ratio(NPR)phenomenon,originating from its special sawtooth-like structure.The absolute value of the NPR decreases as the number of layers increases.The adsorption of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)including CH_(2)O,C_(2)H_(3)Cl and C_(6)H_(6)by AlO_(2)exhibit small adsorption distance,large adsorption energy,large charge transfer and significant density of states(DOS)changes,indicating the presence of strong interactions.The desorption time of each gas molecule on the AlO_(2)surface is also evaluated,and the results further suggest that the desorption of VOCs can be controlled by changing the temperature to achieve the recycling of AlO_(2).These interesting properties make 2D AlO_(2)a promising material for electronic,mechanical and sensing applications for VOCs.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant nos.2024YFA1409700 and 2023YFA1407000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.62374158).
文摘In recent years,as the dimensions of the conventional semiconductor technology is approaching the physical limits,while the multifunction circuits are restricted by the relatively fixed characteristics of the traditional metal−oxide−semiconductor field-effect transistors,reconfigurable devices that can realize reconfigurable characteristics and multiple functions at device level have been seen as a promising method to improve integration density and reduce power consumption.Owing to the ultrathin structure,effective control of the electronic characteristics and ability to modulate structural defects,two-dimensional(2D)materials have been widely used to fabricate reconfigurable devices.In this review,we summarize the working principles and related logic applications of reconfigurable devices based on 2D materials,including generating tunable anti-ambipolar responses and demonstrating nonvolatile operations.Furthermore,we discuss the analog signal processing applications of anti-ambipolar transistors and the artificial intelligence hardware implementations based on reconfigurable transistors and memristors,respectively,therefore highlighting the outstanding advantages of reconfigurable devices in footprint,energy consumption and performance.Finally,we discuss the challenges of the 2D materials-based reconfigurable devices.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFA0307800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074377)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 211211KYSB20210007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2024M753465)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (Grade C) of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. GZC20241893)。
文摘Moiré superlattices have revolutionized the study of two-dimensional materials, enabling unprecedented control over their electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in moiré physics, focusing on the formation of moiré superlattices due to rotational misalignment or lattice mismatch in two-dimensional materials. These superlattices induce flat band structures and strong correlation effects,leading to the emergence of exotic quantum phases, such as unconventional superconductivity, correlated insulating states,and fractional quantum anomalous Hall effects. The review also explores the underlying mechanisms of these phenomena and discusses the potential technological applications of moiré physics, offering insights into future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.
基金the financial support from“National Natural Science Foundation of China”(No.51850410506)。
文摘Large-area and high-quality two-dimensional crystals are the basis for the development of the next-generation electronic and optical devices.The synthesis of two-dimensional materials in wafer scales is the first critical step for future technology uptake by the industries;however,currently presented as a significant challenge.Substantial efforts have been devoted to producing atomically thin two-dimensional materials with large lateral dimensions,controllable and uniform thicknesses,large crystal domains and minimum defects.In this review,recent advances in synthetic routes to obtain high-quality two-dimensional crystals with lateral sizes exceeding a hundred micrometres are outlined.Applications of the achieved large-area two-dimensional crystals in electronics and optoelectronics are summarised,and advantages and disadvantages of each approach considering ease of the synthesis,defects,grain sizes and uniformity are discussed.
文摘Two-dimensional materials(2D)with unique physicochemical properties have been widely studied for their use in many applications,including as hydrogen evolution catalysts to improve the efficiency of water splitting.Recently,typical 2D materials MoS2,graphene,MXenes,and black phosphorus have been widely investigated for their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this review,we summarize three efficient strategies—defect engineering,heterostructure formation,and heteroatom doping—for improving the HER performance of 2D catalysts.The d-band theory,density of states,and Fermi energy level are discussed to provide guidance for the design and construction of novel 2D materials.The challenges and prospects of 2D materials in the HER are also considered.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11604326,11434010,11474277,and 11225421)
文摘Angle-resolved polarized Raman（ARPR） spectroscopy can be utilized to assign the Raman modes based on crystal symmetry and Raman selection rules and also to characterize the crystallographic orientation of anisotropic materials.However, polarized Raman measurements can be implemented by several different configurations and thus lead to different results. In this work, we systematically analyze three typical polarization configurations： 1） to change the polarization of the incident laser, 2） to rotate the sample, and 3） to set a half-wave plate in the common optical path of incident laser and scattered Raman signal to simultaneously vary their polarization directions. We provide a general approach of polarization analysis on the Raman intensity under the three polarization configurations and demonstrate that the latter two cases are equivalent to each other. Because the basal plane of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite（HOPG） exhibits isotropic feature and its edge plane is highly anisotropic, HOPG can be treated as a modelling system to study ARPR spectroscopy of twodimensional materials on their basal and edge planes. Therefore, we verify the ARPR behaviors of HOPG on its basal and edge planes at three different polarization configurations. The orientation direction of HOPG edge plane can be accurately determined by the angle-resolved polarization-dependent G mode intensity without rotating sample, which shows potential application for orientation determination of other anisotropic and vertically standing two-dimensional materials and other materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21908054 and 21908098)。
文摘The current energy crisis has prompted the development of new energy sources and energy storage/conversion devices. Membranes, as the key component, not only provide enormous separation potential for energy purification but also guarantee stable and high-efficiency operation for rechargeable batteries and fuel cells. Remarkably, two-dimensional(2D) material separation membranes have attracted intense attention on their excellent performance in energy field applications, owing to high mechanical/chemical stability, low mass transport resistance, strict sizeexclusion, and abundant modifiable functional groups. In this review, we concentrate on the recent progress of 2D membrane and introduce 2D membranes based on graphene oxide(GO), MXenes, 2D MOFs, 2D COFs, and 2D zeolite nanosheets, which are applied in membrane separation(H2 collection and biofuel purification) and battery separators(vanadium flow battery, Li–S battery, and fuel cell). The mass transport mechanism, selectivity mechanism, and modification methods of these 2D membranes are stated in brief, mainly focusing on interlayer dominant membranes(GO and MXenes) and pore dominant membranes(MOFs, COFs, and zeolite nanosheets). In conclusion, we highlight the challenges and outlooks of applying 2D membranes in energy fields.
基金Project supported by National Science Funds for Creative Research Groups of China(Grant No.61421002)
文摘High-performance photodetectors are expected to open up revolutionary opportunities in many application fields, such as environment monitoring, military, optical communication and biomedical science. Combining two-dimensional materials(which have tunable optical absorption and high carrier mobility) with organic materials(which are abundant with low cost, high flexibility and large-area scalability) to form thin-film heterojunctions, high-responsivity photodetectors could be predicted with fast response speed in a wide spectra region.In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of photodetectors based on two-dimensional materials and organic thin-film heterojunctions, which includes hybrid assisted enhanced devices, single-layer enhanced devices, vertical heterojunction devices and tunable vertical heterojunction devices. We also give a systematic classification and perspectives on the future development of these types of photodetectors.
基金supported by National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (No.61905161 and 51702219)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61975134,61875138 and 61775147)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen (No. JCYJ20180206121837007)the Shenzhen Nanshan District Pilotage Team Program (LHTD20170006)
文摘Thermoelectric generators have attracted a wide research interest owing to their ability to directly convert heat into electrical power.Moreover,the thermoelectric properties of traditional inorganic and organic materials have been significantly improved over the past few decades.Among these compounds,layered two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,black phosphorus,transition metal dichalcogenides,IVA–VIA compounds,and MXenes,have generated a large research attention as a group of potentially high-performance thermoelectric materials.Due to their unique electronic,mechanical,thermal,and optoelectronic properties,thermoelectric devices based on such materials can be applied in a variety of applications.Herein,a comprehensive review on the development of 2D materials for thermoelectric applications,as well as theoretical simulations and experimental preparation,is presented.In addition,nanodevice and new applications of 2D thermoelectric materials are also introduced.At last,current challenges are discussed and several prospects in this field are proposed.
基金the national science foundation of China(Nos.21373074 and 61675061)。
文摘Two-dimensional black phosphorus(2D BP),an emerging material,has aroused tremendous interest once discovered.This is due to the fact that it integrates unprecedented properties of other 2D materials,such as tunable bandgap structures,outstanding electrochemical properties,anisotropic mechanical,thermodynamic,and photoelectric properties,making it of great research value in many fields.The emergence of 2D BP has greatly promoted the development of electrochemical energy storage devices,especially lithium-ion batteries.However,in the application of 2D BP,there are still some problems to be solved urgently,such as the difficulty in the synthesis of large-scale high-quality phosphorene,poor environmental stability,and the volume expansion as electrode materials.Herein,according to the latest research progress of 2D BP in the field of energy storage,we systematically summarize and compare the preparation methods of phosphorene and discuss the basic structure and properties of BP,especially the environmental instability and passivation techniques.In particular,the practical application and challenges of 2D BP as anode material for lithium-ion batteries are analyzed in detail.Finally,some personal perspectives on the future development and challenges of BP are presented.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172197)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1865207)+5 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Platform(No.2018RS3070)Hundred Youth Talents Programs of Hunan ProvincePhD Start-up Foundation of Hengyang Normal University(No.19QD10)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.20A062)the support from Hunan joint international laboratory of advanced materials and technology for clean energy(No.2020CB1007)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2016TP1020)。
文摘A lithium-sulfur(Li-S)system is an important candidate for future lithium-ion system due to its low cost and high specific theoretical capacity(1675 m Ah/g,2600 Wh/kg),which is greatly hindered by the poor conductivity of sulfur,large volume change and dissolution of lithium polysulfides.Two-dimensional(2D)materials with monolayers or few-layers usually have peculiar structures and physical/chemical properties,which can resolve the critical issues in Li-S batteries.Especially,the metal-based 2D nanomaterials,including ferrum,cobalt or other metal-based composites with various anions,can provide high conductivity,large surface area and abundant reaction sites for restraining the diffusion for lithium polysulfides.In this mini-review,we will present an overview of recent developments on metal-based 2D nanomaterials with various anions as the electrode materials for Li-S batteries.Since the main bottleneck for the Li-S system is the shuttle of polysulfides,emphasis is placed on the structure and components,physical/chemical interaction and interaction mechanisms of the 2D materials.Finally,the challenges and prospects of metal-based 2D nanomaterials for Li-S batteries are discussed and proposed.
文摘Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted worldwide interest. They are proved to be the most promising materials for next generation electronic and optoelectronic devices, including transistor, photodetector, sensor, modulator and light-emitting diode. Defects, e.g. vacancies, adatoms, edges, grain boundaries, and substitutional impurities, are inevitable in 2D materials[1]. They will influence the performance of the materials in many aspects such as mechanical, electrical, optical and optoelectronic properties. For example, the presence of sulfur vacancies (SVs) leads to electron donor states within the electronic bandgap. This increases electron concentration and results in n-type characteristic in as-prepared MoS2. They could also give rise to hopping transport behavior in low carrier density and act as scattering centers to reduce the carrier mobility in MoS2. Thus, defect engineering, namely, eliminating the unfavorable defects and introducing beneficial defects is very meaningful, and would be a promising strategy to realize high performance electronic and optoelectronic devices based on 2D materials.
基金supported by Science and Technology Key Project of Guangdong Province of China (No. 2020B010188002)the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0702003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21890383, 21871159)。
文摘Single-atom site catalysts(SACs) and two-dimensional materials(2DM) have gradually become two hot topics in catalysis over the past decades. Their combination with each other can further endow the derived SACs with extraordinary properties such as high loading, identical active sites, uniform coordination environment, distinctive metal-support interaction, and enhanced catalytic activities. In this review, we highlight the recent development in this specific research topic according to the types of substrates and focus on their applications in energy conversion field. Additionally, we also make a brief introduction to the synthesis and characterization methods for SACs supported on 2DM(SACs/2DM). Finally, the challenges and perspectives are summarized based on the current development status. It is believed that this work will make contributions to the rational design and fabrication of novel SACs/2DM, promoting their practical energy applications in the future.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61422503 and 61376104)the Open Research Funds of Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Two-dimensional （2D） materials, e.g., graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, and black phosphorus （BP）, have demonstrated fascinating electrical and optical characteristics and exhibited great potential in optoelectronic applications. High-performance and multifunctional devices were achieved by employing diverse designs, such as hybrid systems with nanostructured materials, bulk semiconductors and organics, forming 2D heterostructures. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent progress of 2D materials in high-responsive photodetectors, light-emitting devices and single photon emitters. Hybrid systems and van der Waals heterostructure-based devices are emphasized, which exhibit great potential in state-of-the-art applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61307058,61378036,11304101,and 11474108)Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar,China(Grant No.2014A030306019)+6 种基金Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou,China(Grant No.2014J2200008)Program for Outstanding Innovative Young Talents of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2014TQ01X220)Program for Outstanding Young Teachers in Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,China(Grant No.YQ2015051)Science and Technology Project of Guangdong,China(Grant No.2016B090925004)Foundation for Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong,China(Grant No.2017KQNCX051)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(Grant No.201607010245)Scientific Research Foundation of Young Teacher of South China Normal University,China(Grant No.17KJ09)
文摘Two-dimensional（2D） materials have been regarded as a promising nonlinear optical medium for fabricating versatile optical and optoelectronic devices. Among the various photonic applications, the employment of 2D materials as nonlinear optical devices such as saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulse generation and shaping in ultrafast lasers is one of the most striking aspects in recent years. In this paper, we review the recent progress of 2D materials based pulse generation and soliton shaping in ultrafast fiber lasers, and particularly in the context of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices. The fabrication of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices, high performance mode-locked pulse generation, and the nonlinear soliton dynamics based on pulse shaping method are discussed. Finally, the challenges and the perspective of the 2D materials-based photonic devices as well as their applications are also discussed.
基金Project supported by the Science and Engineering Research Council,Singapore(Grant No.152-70-00017)the Agency for Science,Technology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore
文摘Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene, phosphorene, and transition metal dichalcogenides （e.g., MoS2 and WS2）, have attracted a great deal of attention recently due to their extraordinary structural, mechanical, and physical properties. In particular, 2D materials have shown great potential for thermal management and thermoelectric energy generation. In this article, we review the recent advances in the study of thermal properties of 2D materials. We first review some important aspects in thermal conductivity of graphene and discuss the possibility to enhance the ultra-high thermal conductivity of graphene. Next, we discuss thermal conductivity of MoS2 and the new strategy for thermal management of MoS2 device. Subsequently, we discuss the anisotropic thermal properties of phosphorene. Finally, we review the application of 2D materials in thermal devices, including thermal rectifier and thermal modulator.
基金support by Australian Research Council under Discovery Project (Grant No. DP170103598)the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre through the National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme supported by the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia
文摘In recent years, structure design and predictions based on global optimization approach as implemented in CALYPSO software have gained great success in accelerating the discovery of novel two-dimensional(2D) materials. Here we highlight some most recent research progress on the prediction of novel 2D structures, involving elements, metal-free and metal-containing compounds using CALYPSO package. Particular emphasis will be given to those 2D materials that exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties with great potentials for applications in novel electronics, optoelectronics,magnetronics, spintronics, and photovoltaics. Finally, we also comment on the challenges and perspectives for future discovery of multi-functional 2D materials.
基金Project supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2013CB922302 and 2016YFA0203900)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11322441,614404147,61574152,and 61674157)the Key Research Project of Frontier Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.QYZDB-SSW-JSC016 and QYZDB-SSW-JSC031)
文摘Two-dimensional （2D） materials, such as graphene and MoS2 related transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDC）, have attracted much attention for their potential applications. Ferroelectrics, one of the special and traditional dielectric materials, possess a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field. In recent years, a new type of device, combining 2D materials with ferroelectrics, has been fabricated. Many novel devices have been fabricated, such as low power consumption memory devices, highly sensitive photo-transistors, etc. using this technique of hybrid systems incorporating ferroelectrics and 2D materials. This paper reviews two types of devices based on field effect transistor （FET） structures with ferroelectric gate dielectric construction （termed FeFET）. One type of device is for logic applications, such as a graphene and TMDC FeFET for fabricating memory units. Another device is for optoelectric applications, such as high performance phototransistors using a graphene p-n junction. Finally, we discuss the prospects for future applications of 2D material FeFET.
