Low frequency vibrations induced by underground railways have attracted increasing attention in recent years. To obtain the characteristics of low frequency vibrations and the low frequency performance of a floating s...Low frequency vibrations induced by underground railways have attracted increasing attention in recent years. To obtain the characteristics of low frequency vibrations and the low frequency performance of a floating slab track (FST), low frequency vibration tests on an FST in an underground laboratory at Beijing Jiaotong University were carried out. The FST and an unbalanced shaker SBZ30 for dynamic simulation were designed for use in low frequency vibration experiments. Vibration measurements were performed on the bogie of the unbalanced shaker, the rail, the slab, the tunnel invert, the tunnel wall, the tunnel apex, and on the ground surface at distances varying from 0 to 80 m from the track. Measurements were also made on several floors of an adjacent building. Detailed results of low frequency vibration tests were reported. The attenuation of low frequency vibrations with the distance from the track was presented, as well as the responses of different floors of the building. The experimental results could be regarded as a reference for developing methods to control low frequency vibrations and for adopting countermeasures.展开更多
This paper describes the required testing and approval procedures of new track systems operated in Europe. To begin with, test methods and performance specifications according to European Standard （EN） are outlined....This paper describes the required testing and approval procedures of new track systems operated in Europe. To begin with, test methods and performance specifications according to European Standard （EN） are outlined. These include the repeated loading test, the determination of the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, clamping force and longitudinal rail resistance. The fact that labor tests are unable to simulate all the conditions in situ shows that these labor tests are not sufficient for the evaluation of the long term behaviour of a new track system： a test track of sufficient length must be constructed and exposed to traffic loads. In Europe to be accredited as a new system, a new slab track system must have a trial time of more than two years, during which the features of the whole system can be recognized. In the second part of this paper, the experience of the Institute of Road, Railway and Airfield Construction of TUM concerning the measuring methods of slab track systems carrying traffic are outlined. Also the approval procedure of the new slab tracks in Germany is discussed.展开更多
提出一种新型预应力钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙,通过在预制板内布置水平预应力钢筋,降低板厚,方便运输和吊装。对剪跨比为1.5的现浇剪力墙和预应力叠合剪力墙进行了低周往复加载试验,对比分析了其破坏模式、承载力、延性和耗能能力,结果表明...提出一种新型预应力钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙,通过在预制板内布置水平预应力钢筋,降低板厚,方便运输和吊装。对剪跨比为1.5的现浇剪力墙和预应力叠合剪力墙进行了低周往复加载试验,对比分析了其破坏模式、承载力、延性和耗能能力,结果表明叠合剪力墙与现浇剪力墙的抗震性能一致。采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了剪力墙的非线性数值分析模型,基于试验结果验证了模型的正确性,并进行了轴压比、剪跨比、初始预应力等参数分析。结果表明,高轴压比及小剪跨比下叠合剪力墙的承载力及延性优于现浇剪力墙。随着初始预应力的增大,承载力提高,试件由剪切破坏转换为弯曲破坏。水平预应力筋延缓了叠合剪力墙斜向裂缝的发展,提高了抗剪承载力,改变了剪力墙的破坏模式,建议张拉控制应力取值为0.50 f ptk。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51008017)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Nos. 2009JBM074 and 2009JBM075)
文摘Low frequency vibrations induced by underground railways have attracted increasing attention in recent years. To obtain the characteristics of low frequency vibrations and the low frequency performance of a floating slab track (FST), low frequency vibration tests on an FST in an underground laboratory at Beijing Jiaotong University were carried out. The FST and an unbalanced shaker SBZ30 for dynamic simulation were designed for use in low frequency vibration experiments. Vibration measurements were performed on the bogie of the unbalanced shaker, the rail, the slab, the tunnel invert, the tunnel wall, the tunnel apex, and on the ground surface at distances varying from 0 to 80 m from the track. Measurements were also made on several floors of an adjacent building. Detailed results of low frequency vibration tests were reported. The attenuation of low frequency vibrations with the distance from the track was presented, as well as the responses of different floors of the building. The experimental results could be regarded as a reference for developing methods to control low frequency vibrations and for adopting countermeasures.
文摘This paper describes the required testing and approval procedures of new track systems operated in Europe. To begin with, test methods and performance specifications according to European Standard （EN） are outlined. These include the repeated loading test, the determination of the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, clamping force and longitudinal rail resistance. The fact that labor tests are unable to simulate all the conditions in situ shows that these labor tests are not sufficient for the evaluation of the long term behaviour of a new track system： a test track of sufficient length must be constructed and exposed to traffic loads. In Europe to be accredited as a new system, a new slab track system must have a trial time of more than two years, during which the features of the whole system can be recognized. In the second part of this paper, the experience of the Institute of Road, Railway and Airfield Construction of TUM concerning the measuring methods of slab track systems carrying traffic are outlined. Also the approval procedure of the new slab tracks in Germany is discussed.
文摘提出一种新型预应力钢筋混凝土叠合剪力墙,通过在预制板内布置水平预应力钢筋,降低板厚,方便运输和吊装。对剪跨比为1.5的现浇剪力墙和预应力叠合剪力墙进行了低周往复加载试验,对比分析了其破坏模式、承载力、延性和耗能能力,结果表明叠合剪力墙与现浇剪力墙的抗震性能一致。采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了剪力墙的非线性数值分析模型,基于试验结果验证了模型的正确性,并进行了轴压比、剪跨比、初始预应力等参数分析。结果表明,高轴压比及小剪跨比下叠合剪力墙的承载力及延性优于现浇剪力墙。随着初始预应力的增大,承载力提高,试件由剪切破坏转换为弯曲破坏。水平预应力筋延缓了叠合剪力墙斜向裂缝的发展,提高了抗剪承载力,改变了剪力墙的破坏模式,建议张拉控制应力取值为0.50 f ptk。
