It has been 10 years since we published the first report describing use of the ShangRing for circumcision in boys and men. That report, by Peng et al.{ from China, showed that the device was safe and that ShangRing ci...It has been 10 years since we published the first report describing use of the ShangRing for circumcision in boys and men. That report, by Peng et al.{ from China, showed that the device was safe and that ShangRing circumcision was quicker than with conventional surgical techniques commonly used. The ShangRing, pictured in Figure 1, isa novel collar clamp circumcision device that was invented by Mu Jian-Zhong Shang in China in the early 2000s to reduce potential surgical complications following male circumcision. Based on its successful use in 2006, Mr. Shang started SNNDA Medical Company to produce and distribute the ShangRing. The device has two parts consisting of an inner ring and an outer ring. The foreskin is sandwiched between the two rings, ensuring hemostasis without the need for suturing, which greatly simplifies the circumcision. The device is typically removed by a clinician 7-10 days later.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation is a complex surgical operation. Treatment policies and operative techniques evolved in the last two decades. DATA SOURCES: Our center's experience in living donor li...BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation is a complex surgical operation. Treatment policies and operative techniques evolved in the last two decades. DATA SOURCES: Our center's experience in living donor liver transplantation was reviewed in conjunction with relevant publications in the literature. RESULTS: The surgical techniques and perioperative surgical therapeutics could be modified towards simplicity. Examples include regular inclusion of the middle hepatic vein without compromising the venous outflow of the donor's remnant left liver. This provides excellent venous outflow, which is crucial for a small-for-size graft. Immunosuppression and hepatitis B suppression are steroid free and hepatitis B immunoglobulin free respectively. CONCLUSION: The most practical way to achieve high graft and recipient survival rates with an acceptably low donor risk is through design of a protocol that simplifies the surgery and postoperative management.展开更多
The essay expounds the philosophy of Thoreau's "simplify" in aspect of meaning and reason.Closely connected with the relationship between human and nature,it enables us to see the point of a brooding,sim...The essay expounds the philosophy of Thoreau's "simplify" in aspect of meaning and reason.Closely connected with the relationship between human and nature,it enables us to see the point of a brooding,simple and sensible life of Thoreau.The end clarifies on a question:according to Thoreau,what is to have a simplify life? That's to care for little,listen to one's heart and do what one likes.The conclusion comes with an advocation that people keep a simple life with little greed,and take it as an ulti mate cure for the bothering life of today.展开更多
A considerable effort has been made in the literature for quality assurance (QA) and quality checking (QC) of the petrophysical log data for computation of reservoir rock property parameters. Well log data plays an in...A considerable effort has been made in the literature for quality assurance (QA) and quality checking (QC) of the petrophysical log data for computation of reservoir rock property parameters. Well log data plays an integral role in building a rock physics model for quantitative interpretation (QI) work. A poor-quality rock physics model may lead to significant financial and HSSE implications by drilling wells in undesired locations. Historically, a variety of techniques have been used including histograms and cross plots for reviewing the feasibility of petrophysical logs for QI work. However, no attempt has ever been made to introduce a simplified workflow. This paper serves two-fold. It provides a simplified step by step approach for building a petrophysics/rock physics model. A case study has been presented to compare the synthetic seismogram generated from the simplified workflow with the actual seismic trace at well locations. Secondly, the paper shows how a few key cross plots and rock property parameters provide adequate information to validate petrophysical data, distinguish overburden and reservoir sections, and to help identify fluids and saturation trends within the reservoir sands. In the mentioned case study, the robustness of the simplified rock physics model has helped seismic data to successfully distinguish hydrocarbon bearing reservoir sands from non-reservoir shales.展开更多
Functional enrichment analysis or gene set enrichment analysis is a basic bioinformatics method that evaluates the biological importance of a list of genes of interest.However,it may produce a long list of significant...Functional enrichment analysis or gene set enrichment analysis is a basic bioinformatics method that evaluates the biological importance of a list of genes of interest.However,it may produce a long list of significant terms with highly redundant information that is difficult to summarize.Current tools to simplify enrichment results by clustering them into groups either still produce redundancy between clusters or do not retain consistent term similarities within clusters.We propose a new method named binary cut for clustering similarity matrices of functional terms.Through comprehensive benchmarks on both simulated and real-world datasets,we demonstrated that binary cut could efficiently cluster functional terms into groups where terms showed consistent similarities within groups and were mutually exclusive between groups.We compared binary cut clustering on the similarity matrices obtained from different similarity measures and found that semantic similarity worked well with binary cut,while similarity matrices based on gene overlap showed less consistent patterns.We implemented the binary cut algorithm in the R package simplifyEnrichment,which additionally provides functionalities for visualizing,summarizing,and comparing the clustering.The simplifyEnrichment package and the documentation are available at https://bioconductor.org/packages/simplifyEnrichment/.展开更多
Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune system.This exploration is particularly significant in understanding micro...Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune system.This exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new therapies.We challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial activation.By dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s progression.This article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to neuroimmunology.Adopting such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.展开更多
Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands signi...Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands significant resources. Our objective was to compare the compliance and homogeneity of target dose distribution between simplified IMRT and 3D-CRT in patients with cervical cancer and to assess the clinical value of simplified IMRT. Materials and Methods: From 2016 to 2017, 17 patients with stage IIB - IIIC cervical cancer were treated with external beam radiotherapy using simplified IMRT (12 cases) or 3DCRT (05 cases) and brachytherapy. Prior to radiotherapy, CT scans were conducted to delineate the target volume. The clinical target volume (CTV) included the uterus, primary tumor, supravaginal portion of the cervix, paracervical tissue, common iliac, internal and external iliac lymph nodes, obturator, and pre sacral lymph nodes, and the surrounding tissues. If the lower vagina was involved, the target volume included the whole vagina. The planning target volume (PTV) included the CTV with 1 cm anteriorly and 0.5 cm in all other directions. The PTV received 95% of 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/25 fraction). Dose-volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index, and treatment time per fraction were compared. Results: The 3D-CRT plan was more homogeneous than the simplified IMRT plan, while the simplified IMRT plan was more conformal. The volume of small bowels that received high-dose radiation significantly increased with simplified IMRT compared to 3D-CRT. Treatment time per fraction was 6 and 13 minutes for 3D-CRT and simplified IMRT, respectively. Conclusion: The simplified IMRT treatment plan is technically and dosimetrically acceptable and an alternative to the classic 3D-CRT plan for cervical cancer. It provides better dose distribution than 3D-CRT. However, the 3D-CRT treatment plan significantly reduced the overall treatment time per fraction.展开更多
Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction...Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).[1]In China,AMI is widely recognized as a predominant cause of mortality in both urban and rural demographics,based on the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China;moreover,its mortality rate has been reported to be rising,with a recurrence rate of 2.5%within one year.展开更多
Many countries throughout the world have experienced large earthquakes,which cause building damage or collapse.After such earthquakes,structures must be inspected rapidly to judge whether they are safe to reoccupy.To ...Many countries throughout the world have experienced large earthquakes,which cause building damage or collapse.After such earthquakes,structures must be inspected rapidly to judge whether they are safe to reoccupy.To facilitate the inspection process,the authors previously developed a rapid building safety assessment system using sparse acceleration measurements for steel framed buildings.The proposed system modeled nonlinearity in the measurement data using a calibrated simplified lumped-mass model and convolutional neural networks(CNNs),based on which the buildinglevel damage index was estimated rapidly after earthquakes.The proposed system was validated for a nonlinear 3D numerical model of a five-story steel building,and later for a large-scale specimen of an 18-story building in Japan tested on the E-Defense shaking table.However,the applicability of the safety assessment system for reinforced concrete(RC)structures with complex hysteretic material nonlinearity has yet to be explored;the previous approach based on a simplified lumpedmass model with a Bouc-Wen hysteretic model does not accurately represent the inherent nonlinear behavior and resulting damage states of RC structures.This study extends the rapid building safety assessment system to low-rise RC moment resisting frame structures representing typical residential apartments in Japan.First,a safety classification for RC structures based on a damage index consistent with the current state of practice is defined.Then,a 3D nonlinear numerical model of a two-story moment frame structure is created.A simplified lumped-mass nonlinear model is developed and calibrated using the 3D model,incorporating the Takeda degradation model for the RC material nonlinearity.This model is used to simulate the seismic response and associated damage sensitive features(DSF)for random ground motion.The resulting database of responses is used to train a convolutional neural network(CNN)that performs rapid safety assessment.The developed system is validated using the 3D nonlinear analysis model subjected to historical earthquakes.The results indicate the applicability of the proposed system for RC structures following seismic events.展开更多
1 Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC):a brief survey Since its inception,Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC)has re-centered feedback controller design around two fundamental ideas—along with a consequen...1 Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC):a brief survey Since its inception,Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC)has re-centered feedback controller design around two fundamental ideas—along with a consequential design simplification:real-time estimation and online cancellation of the“total disturbance”conceived as the lumped effect of unknown internal dynamics and external inputs.The simplified design then proceeds in a customary fashion for the ideally remaining system model,which is devoid of the total disturbance.展开更多
According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques,...According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques, such as large-scale and intensive planting, mechanized intertillage, integrated management of water and fertilizer, etc. The application of the techniques could reduce production cost, improve the comprehensive benefit of cotton planting, increase farmers＇ income, and promote the sustainable development of rural economy.展开更多
The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total...The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total daily radiation (TDR). Leaf water potential (Ψ) was incorporated into the simplified growth model based on the assumption that both light use efficiency (α) and CO 2 conductance of assimilation (g c) were depressed by water limitation. Finally,Ψ was estimated from a regression equation in which the independent variables were relative soil water content in the upper 80 cm (θ R,80 ), ambient temperature (T a), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), the cumulative leaf water potential below thresholds of -1.5 MPa (Ψ c,1.5 ). Some applications in research program of field experiment of atmosphere_land surface processes in Heihe River region were tested. The simulated data agreed well with the data observed at Linze oasis in 1989 for various levels of water supply and at Zhangye oasis in 1992 in the field. The analysis and simulation using the model demonstrated that the simplified growth model could describe very well the DMA process of spring wheat with and without water limitation in the region of HEIFE (Heihe field experiment).展开更多
目的 化学结构识别是化学和计算机视觉领域的一个重要问题,传统光学化学结构识别技术在复杂化学结构识别任务中易发生信息丢失或误识别的现象,同时又因为化学物质的结构多样性常导致其无法解析,识别效果不佳。而基于深度学习的模型通常...目的 化学结构识别是化学和计算机视觉领域的一个重要问题,传统光学化学结构识别技术在复杂化学结构识别任务中易发生信息丢失或误识别的现象,同时又因为化学物质的结构多样性常导致其无法解析,识别效果不佳。而基于深度学习的模型通常具有网络结构复杂度高、上下文信息易丢失和识别率低的问题。为此,提出一种结合注意力机制和编码器—解码器架构的化学结构识别方法。方法 首先,使用改进的ResNet50(residual network)作为特征提取器抓取表征信息;其次,使用BLSTM(bi-directional long-short term memory)作为行编码器为ResNet50提取的表征信息加强空间信息;最后,使用去填充模块和基于覆盖注意力机制的LSTM(long short-term memory)网络作为模型解码器,对化学结构图像进行解码,将编码结果解码为SMILES(simplified molecular input line entry system)序列。结果 在Indigo、ChemDraw、CLEF(Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum)、JPO(Japanese Patent Office)、UOB(University of Birmingham)、USPTO(United States Patent and Trademark Office)、Staker、ACS(American Chemistry Society)、CASIA-CSDB(Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences—Chemical Structure Database)和Mini CASIA-CSDB数据集上,所提方法识别准确率分别为71.1%、70.21%、45.8%、30.3%、53.02%、58.21%、43.39%、46.3%、84.42%和85.78%,高于SwimOCSR、Image2Mol和ChemPix模型得分。结论 与其他模型相比,本文方法通过少量训练集能够获得较高的识别准确率。展开更多
According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer str...According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer structure spanning multiple subway tunnels was proposed.Deliberating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and bending stiffness,and taking into account the force balance and deformation coordination conditions of beams and plates within the transfer structure,we established a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification by combining it with the Winkler elastic foundation beam model.The resolved established simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried by the upper structural columns can be transferred to the pile foundation beneath the beams through the transfer structure,subsequently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The established simplified analysis method can be used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation behavior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and beam section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distribution of the beam bending moment.展开更多
Based on the linear quantum transformation theory,we present a new approach to obtain the explicit expressions of energy spectrum and simplify the derivations of partition functions for general multi-mode boson and fe...Based on the linear quantum transformation theory,we present a new approach to obtain the explicit expressions of energy spectrum and simplify the derivations of partition functions for general multi-mode boson and fermion quadratic systems.展开更多
文摘It has been 10 years since we published the first report describing use of the ShangRing for circumcision in boys and men. That report, by Peng et al.{ from China, showed that the device was safe and that ShangRing circumcision was quicker than with conventional surgical techniques commonly used. The ShangRing, pictured in Figure 1, isa novel collar clamp circumcision device that was invented by Mu Jian-Zhong Shang in China in the early 2000s to reduce potential surgical complications following male circumcision. Based on its successful use in 2006, Mr. Shang started SNNDA Medical Company to produce and distribute the ShangRing. The device has two parts consisting of an inner ring and an outer ring. The foreskin is sandwiched between the two rings, ensuring hemostasis without the need for suturing, which greatly simplifies the circumcision. The device is typically removed by a clinician 7-10 days later.
文摘BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation is a complex surgical operation. Treatment policies and operative techniques evolved in the last two decades. DATA SOURCES: Our center's experience in living donor liver transplantation was reviewed in conjunction with relevant publications in the literature. RESULTS: The surgical techniques and perioperative surgical therapeutics could be modified towards simplicity. Examples include regular inclusion of the middle hepatic vein without compromising the venous outflow of the donor's remnant left liver. This provides excellent venous outflow, which is crucial for a small-for-size graft. Immunosuppression and hepatitis B suppression are steroid free and hepatitis B immunoglobulin free respectively. CONCLUSION: The most practical way to achieve high graft and recipient survival rates with an acceptably low donor risk is through design of a protocol that simplifies the surgery and postoperative management.
文摘The essay expounds the philosophy of Thoreau's "simplify" in aspect of meaning and reason.Closely connected with the relationship between human and nature,it enables us to see the point of a brooding,simple and sensible life of Thoreau.The end clarifies on a question:according to Thoreau,what is to have a simplify life? That's to care for little,listen to one's heart and do what one likes.The conclusion comes with an advocation that people keep a simple life with little greed,and take it as an ulti mate cure for the bothering life of today.
文摘A considerable effort has been made in the literature for quality assurance (QA) and quality checking (QC) of the petrophysical log data for computation of reservoir rock property parameters. Well log data plays an integral role in building a rock physics model for quantitative interpretation (QI) work. A poor-quality rock physics model may lead to significant financial and HSSE implications by drilling wells in undesired locations. Historically, a variety of techniques have been used including histograms and cross plots for reviewing the feasibility of petrophysical logs for QI work. However, no attempt has ever been made to introduce a simplified workflow. This paper serves two-fold. It provides a simplified step by step approach for building a petrophysics/rock physics model. A case study has been presented to compare the synthetic seismogram generated from the simplified workflow with the actual seismic trace at well locations. Secondly, the paper shows how a few key cross plots and rock property parameters provide adequate information to validate petrophysical data, distinguish overburden and reservoir sections, and to help identify fluids and saturation trends within the reservoir sands. In the mentioned case study, the robustness of the simplified rock physics model has helped seismic data to successfully distinguish hydrocarbon bearing reservoir sands from non-reservoir shales.
基金This work was supported by the National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)Molecular Precision Oncology Program and the NCT Donations against Cancer Program,Germany.
文摘Functional enrichment analysis or gene set enrichment analysis is a basic bioinformatics method that evaluates the biological importance of a list of genes of interest.However,it may produce a long list of significant terms with highly redundant information that is difficult to summarize.Current tools to simplify enrichment results by clustering them into groups either still produce redundancy between clusters or do not retain consistent term similarities within clusters.We propose a new method named binary cut for clustering similarity matrices of functional terms.Through comprehensive benchmarks on both simulated and real-world datasets,we demonstrated that binary cut could efficiently cluster functional terms into groups where terms showed consistent similarities within groups and were mutually exclusive between groups.We compared binary cut clustering on the similarity matrices obtained from different similarity measures and found that semantic similarity worked well with binary cut,while similarity matrices based on gene overlap showed less consistent patterns.We implemented the binary cut algorithm in the R package simplifyEnrichment,which additionally provides functionalities for visualizing,summarizing,and comparing the clustering.The simplifyEnrichment package and the documentation are available at https://bioconductor.org/packages/simplifyEnrichment/.
基金funded by Portuguese funds through FCT——Funda??o para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência,Tecnologia e Ensino Superior in the framework of the project PTDC/MEDNEU/1677/2021(to JBR)。
文摘Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune system.This exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new therapies.We challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial activation.By dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s progression.This article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to neuroimmunology.Adopting such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.
文摘Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands significant resources. Our objective was to compare the compliance and homogeneity of target dose distribution between simplified IMRT and 3D-CRT in patients with cervical cancer and to assess the clinical value of simplified IMRT. Materials and Methods: From 2016 to 2017, 17 patients with stage IIB - IIIC cervical cancer were treated with external beam radiotherapy using simplified IMRT (12 cases) or 3DCRT (05 cases) and brachytherapy. Prior to radiotherapy, CT scans were conducted to delineate the target volume. The clinical target volume (CTV) included the uterus, primary tumor, supravaginal portion of the cervix, paracervical tissue, common iliac, internal and external iliac lymph nodes, obturator, and pre sacral lymph nodes, and the surrounding tissues. If the lower vagina was involved, the target volume included the whole vagina. The planning target volume (PTV) included the CTV with 1 cm anteriorly and 0.5 cm in all other directions. The PTV received 95% of 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/25 fraction). Dose-volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index, and treatment time per fraction were compared. Results: The 3D-CRT plan was more homogeneous than the simplified IMRT plan, while the simplified IMRT plan was more conformal. The volume of small bowels that received high-dose radiation significantly increased with simplified IMRT compared to 3D-CRT. Treatment time per fraction was 6 and 13 minutes for 3D-CRT and simplified IMRT, respectively. Conclusion: The simplified IMRT treatment plan is technically and dosimetrically acceptable and an alternative to the classic 3D-CRT plan for cervical cancer. It provides better dose distribution than 3D-CRT. However, the 3D-CRT treatment plan significantly reduced the overall treatment time per fraction.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QH096,ZR2020MH024)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82300354,882070345)+2 种基金the Academic Promotion Program of Shandong First Medical University(2019QL012)the Shandong Taishan Scholarship(to SHY)fund of Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd。
文摘Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).[1]In China,AMI is widely recognized as a predominant cause of mortality in both urban and rural demographics,based on the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China;moreover,its mortality rate has been reported to be rising,with a recurrence rate of 2.5%within one year.
基金supported by a fellowship from Design Department of Taisei Corporation。
文摘Many countries throughout the world have experienced large earthquakes,which cause building damage or collapse.After such earthquakes,structures must be inspected rapidly to judge whether they are safe to reoccupy.To facilitate the inspection process,the authors previously developed a rapid building safety assessment system using sparse acceleration measurements for steel framed buildings.The proposed system modeled nonlinearity in the measurement data using a calibrated simplified lumped-mass model and convolutional neural networks(CNNs),based on which the buildinglevel damage index was estimated rapidly after earthquakes.The proposed system was validated for a nonlinear 3D numerical model of a five-story steel building,and later for a large-scale specimen of an 18-story building in Japan tested on the E-Defense shaking table.However,the applicability of the safety assessment system for reinforced concrete(RC)structures with complex hysteretic material nonlinearity has yet to be explored;the previous approach based on a simplified lumpedmass model with a Bouc-Wen hysteretic model does not accurately represent the inherent nonlinear behavior and resulting damage states of RC structures.This study extends the rapid building safety assessment system to low-rise RC moment resisting frame structures representing typical residential apartments in Japan.First,a safety classification for RC structures based on a damage index consistent with the current state of practice is defined.Then,a 3D nonlinear numerical model of a two-story moment frame structure is created.A simplified lumped-mass nonlinear model is developed and calibrated using the 3D model,incorporating the Takeda degradation model for the RC material nonlinearity.This model is used to simulate the seismic response and associated damage sensitive features(DSF)for random ground motion.The resulting database of responses is used to train a convolutional neural network(CNN)that performs rapid safety assessment.The developed system is validated using the 3D nonlinear analysis model subjected to historical earthquakes.The results indicate the applicability of the proposed system for RC structures following seismic events.
文摘1 Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC):a brief survey Since its inception,Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC)has re-centered feedback controller design around two fundamental ideas—along with a consequential design simplification:real-time estimation and online cancellation of the“total disturbance”conceived as the lumped effect of unknown internal dynamics and external inputs.The simplified design then proceeds in a customary fashion for the ideally remaining system model,which is devoid of the total disturbance.
文摘According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques, such as large-scale and intensive planting, mechanized intertillage, integrated management of water and fertilizer, etc. The application of the techniques could reduce production cost, improve the comprehensive benefit of cotton planting, increase farmers＇ income, and promote the sustainable development of rural economy.
文摘The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total daily radiation (TDR). Leaf water potential (Ψ) was incorporated into the simplified growth model based on the assumption that both light use efficiency (α) and CO 2 conductance of assimilation (g c) were depressed by water limitation. Finally,Ψ was estimated from a regression equation in which the independent variables were relative soil water content in the upper 80 cm (θ R,80 ), ambient temperature (T a), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), the cumulative leaf water potential below thresholds of -1.5 MPa (Ψ c,1.5 ). Some applications in research program of field experiment of atmosphere_land surface processes in Heihe River region were tested. The simulated data agreed well with the data observed at Linze oasis in 1989 for various levels of water supply and at Zhangye oasis in 1992 in the field. The analysis and simulation using the model demonstrated that the simplified growth model could describe very well the DMA process of spring wheat with and without water limitation in the region of HEIFE (Heihe field experiment).
文摘目的 化学结构识别是化学和计算机视觉领域的一个重要问题,传统光学化学结构识别技术在复杂化学结构识别任务中易发生信息丢失或误识别的现象,同时又因为化学物质的结构多样性常导致其无法解析,识别效果不佳。而基于深度学习的模型通常具有网络结构复杂度高、上下文信息易丢失和识别率低的问题。为此,提出一种结合注意力机制和编码器—解码器架构的化学结构识别方法。方法 首先,使用改进的ResNet50(residual network)作为特征提取器抓取表征信息;其次,使用BLSTM(bi-directional long-short term memory)作为行编码器为ResNet50提取的表征信息加强空间信息;最后,使用去填充模块和基于覆盖注意力机制的LSTM(long short-term memory)网络作为模型解码器,对化学结构图像进行解码,将编码结果解码为SMILES(simplified molecular input line entry system)序列。结果 在Indigo、ChemDraw、CLEF(Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum)、JPO(Japanese Patent Office)、UOB(University of Birmingham)、USPTO(United States Patent and Trademark Office)、Staker、ACS(American Chemistry Society)、CASIA-CSDB(Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences—Chemical Structure Database)和Mini CASIA-CSDB数据集上,所提方法识别准确率分别为71.1%、70.21%、45.8%、30.3%、53.02%、58.21%、43.39%、46.3%、84.42%和85.78%,高于SwimOCSR、Image2Mol和ChemPix模型得分。结论 与其他模型相比,本文方法通过少量训练集能够获得较高的识别准确率。
基金supported by the Construction and Scientific Research Project of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development(No.2021K126,Granted byM.J.,Long,URL:https://jst.zj.gov.cn/)the ScientificResearch Project of ChinaConstruction 4th Engineering Bureau(No.CSCEC4B-2022-KTA-10,Granted by Z.C.,Bai,URL:https://4 bur.cscec.com/)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of China Construction 4th Engineering Bureau(No.CSCEC4B-2023-KTA-10,Granted by D.J.,Geng,URL:https://4bur.cscec.com/)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2022CFD055,Granted by N.,Dai,URL:https://kjt.hubei.gov.cn/)the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2022YFC3803002.
文摘According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer structure spanning multiple subway tunnels was proposed.Deliberating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and bending stiffness,and taking into account the force balance and deformation coordination conditions of beams and plates within the transfer structure,we established a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification by combining it with the Winkler elastic foundation beam model.The resolved established simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried by the upper structural columns can be transferred to the pile foundation beneath the beams through the transfer structure,subsequently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The established simplified analysis method can be used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation behavior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and beam section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distribution of the beam bending moment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19575044.
文摘Based on the linear quantum transformation theory,we present a new approach to obtain the explicit expressions of energy spectrum and simplify the derivations of partition functions for general multi-mode boson and fermion quadratic systems.
