The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that thei...The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.展开更多
The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet（APPJ） system employing Ar/O2 or He/O2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The ...The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet（APPJ） system employing Ar/O2 or He/O2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The effects of the APPJ characteristics（particularly the gas type and discharge power） on the fabric strength, physical-chemical structures,and sterilizing efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that the Ar/O2 APPJ plasma can inactivate the mycete completely within 4.0 min under a discharge power of 50.0 W. Such an APPJ treatment had negligible impact on the mechanical strength of the fabric and the surface chemical characteristics. Moreover, the Ar ions, O and OH radicals were shown to play important roles on the sterilization of the mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics.展开更多
Silk fabric-based wearable electronics stand among the most effective materials for the electronic skin function,due to their flexibility,robust mechanical features,and bio-compatibility.However,the development of fab...Silk fabric-based wearable electronics stand among the most effective materials for the electronic skin function,due to their flexibility,robust mechanical features,and bio-compatibility.However,the development of fabric sensors is restricted by limited resilience and the weak binding force of conductive materials to fabrics.Herein,a general strategy is developed for designing SF wearable devices with high elasticity and conductivity,combining the macroscopic design of three-dimensional SF structure,microscopic plasma-activated β-FeOOH scaffolds and in situ polymerized polypyrrole.Significantly,the fabric exhibits a maximum tensile strain of up to 30%,high conductivity(resistivity of 0.3Ω·cm),fast response in sensing(50 ms),and excellent durability(>1500 cycles).The possible mechanism of plasma activation of akaganeite scaffolds to produce zero-valent iron and induce pyrrole polymerization is analyzed.In addition,the e-textiles are demonstrated for personal-care management,including motion recognition,information interaction and electric heating.This work provides a novel guide to constructing advanced fabric-sensor devices capable of high conductivity and elasticity,which are expected to be applied in the fields of health monitoring,smart homes,and virtual reality interaction.展开更多
Surface modification of fabrics is an effective way to endow them with antifouling properties while still maintaining their key advantages such as comfort,softness and stretchability.Herein,an atmospheric pressure die...Surface modification of fabrics is an effective way to endow them with antifouling properties while still maintaining their key advantages such as comfort,softness and stretchability.Herein,an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma method is demonstrated for the processing of silk fabrics using 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane(PFDS)as the precursor.The results showed the successful grafting of PFDS groups onto the surface of silk fabrics without causing damage.Meanwhile,the gas temperature is rather low during the whole processing procedure,suggesting the non-equilibrium characteristics of DBD plasma.The influence on fabrics of the processing parameters(PFDS concentration,plasma treatment time and plasma discharge power)was systematically investigated.An optimum processing condition was determined to be a PFDS concentration of 8wt%,a plasma processing time of 40 s and a plasma power of 11.87 W.However,with prolonged plasma processing time or enhanced plasma power,the plasma-grafted PFDS films could be degraded.Further study revealed that plasma processing of silk fabrics with PFDS would lead to a change in their chemical composition and surface roughness.As a result,the surface energy of the fabrics was reduced,accompanied by improved water and oil repellency as well as enhanced antifouling performance.Besides,the plasma-grafted PFDS films also had good durability and stability.By extending the method to polyester and wool against different oil-/water-based stains,the DBD plasma surface modification technique demonstrated good versatility in improving the antifouling properties of fabrics.This work provides guidance for the surface modification of fabrics using DBD plasma to confer them with desirable functionalities.展开更多
Ionogels have demonstrated substantial applications in smart wearable systems,soft robotics,and biomedical engineering due to the exceptional ionic conductivity and optical transparency.However,achieving ionogels with...Ionogels have demonstrated substantial applications in smart wearable systems,soft robotics,and biomedical engineering due to the exceptional ionic conductivity and optical transparency.However,achieving ionogels with desirable mechanical properties,environmental stability,and multi-mode sensing remains challenging.Here,we propose a simple strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional silk fabric-based ionogels(BSFIGs).The resulting fabric ionogels exhibits superior mechanical properties,with high tensile strength(11.3 MPa)and work of fracture(2.53 MJ/m^(3)).And its work of fracture still has 1.42 MJ/m^(3)as the notch increased to 50%,indicating its crack growth insensitivity.These ionogels can be used as sensors for strain,temperature,and tactile multimode sensing,demonstrating a gauge factor of 1.19 and a temperature coefficient of resistance of3.17/℃^(-1).Furthermore,these ionogels can be used for the detection of different roughness and as touch screens.The ionogels also exhibit exceptional optical transmittance and environmental stability even at80℃.Our scalable fabrication process broadens the application potential of these multifunctional ionogels in diverse fields,from smart systems to extreme environments.展开更多
A feasible approach for the recognition of silk fabric defects based on wavelet transform and SOM neural network is proposed in this paper, the indispensable processes of which are defect images denoising and enhancem...A feasible approach for the recognition of silk fabric defects based on wavelet transform and SOM neural network is proposed in this paper, the indispensable processes of which are defect images denoising and enhancement, image edge detection, feature extraction and defects identification. Both geometrical and textmal feature parmnete~ are extracted from the edge image and the enhanced defect image, and utilize SOM neural network to recognize the common defects which silk fabrics have, including warplacking, weft-lacking, double weft, loom bars, oil-stains. Experimental resets show the advantages with high identification correctness and high inspection speed.展开更多
In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated w...In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated with different applied voltages(0 kV to 45 kV)was used to treat the surface of silk fabrics.C I Natural Yellow 3 was used to dye untreated and plasma-treated silk fabrics.The physical analysis based on scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of silk fabrics was affected by plasma treatment.The chemical analysis was investigated with x-ray photi>elcctron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the content of C Is decreased with the increasing applied voltage,the content of N Is and O Is increased with the increasing applied voltage.The increasing K/S values represented that the dyeability of silk fabrics was improved after plasma treatment.The color fastness to dry and wet rubbing was decreased after plasma treatment.展开更多
The graft modification of N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (NNMBAA) onto silk using eerie ammonium sulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and 2, 2-azobis (isobutyronitrile) as the initiators has been stud...The graft modification of N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (NNMBAA) onto silk using eerie ammonium sulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and 2, 2-azobis (isobutyronitrile) as the initiators has been studied in the presence of air. To establish reaction conditions for the graft modification of NNMBAA onto silk, the effect of different variables such as the initiator concentration, monomer concentration, acetic acid concentration, time of polymerization, reaction temperature and liquor ratio (fabric: liq.) have been studied. The optimum grafting conditions were found. As evidence of grafting, analyses of amino acid composition and alkali solubility have been carried out. Grafting caused changes in amino acid composition and alkali solubility of silk. The observation has been explained in relation to structural changes in the grafted silk.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur batteries are highly appealing as highenergy power systems and hold great application prospects for flexible and wearable electronics.However,the easy formation of lithium dendrites,shuttle effect of d...Lithium–sulfur batteries are highly appealing as highenergy power systems and hold great application prospects for flexible and wearable electronics.However,the easy formation of lithium dendrites,shuttle effect of dissolved polysulfides,random deposition of insulating lithium sulfides,and poor mechanical flexibility of both electrodes seriously restrict the utilization of lithium and stabilities of lithium and sulfur for practical applications.Herein,we present a cooperative strategy employing silk fibroin/sericin to stabilize flexible lithium–sulfur full batteries by simultaneously inhibiting lithium dendrites,adsorbing liquid polysulfides,and anchoring solid lithium sulfides.Benefiting from the abundant nitrogen-and oxygen-containing functional groups,the carbonized fibroin fabric serves as a lithiophilic fabric host for stabilizing the lithium anode,while the carbonized fibroin fabric and the extracted sericin are used as sulfiphilic hosts and adhesive binders,respectively,for stabilizing the sulfur cathode.Consequently,the assembled Li–S full battery provided a high areal capacity(5.6 mAh cm−2),limited lithium excess(90%),a high volumetric energy density(457.2 Wh L^(−1)),high-capacity retention(99.8%per cycle),and remarkable bending capability(6000 flexing cycles at a small radius of 5 mm).展开更多
Silk-based biomaterials have gained significant importance making them a promising choice for the future of med-ical technology due to their versatility and biocompatibility.They can be fabricated and tailored through...Silk-based biomaterials have gained significant importance making them a promising choice for the future of med-ical technology due to their versatility and biocompatibility.They can be fabricated and tailored through various processing methods such as electrospinning,freeze-drying,and 3D printing,to achieve specific properties and structures namely sponges,hydrogels,films,and scaffolds that can be utilized for different biomedical applica-tions.Biocompatibility,a unique property of silk-based biomaterials,has been demonstrated through both in vivo and in vitro studies and to date many studies have reported the successful use of these silk-based biomaterials in different fields of medicine.In this review,we have elaborately discussed different types of silk,their structural composition,and biophysical properties.Also,the current review focuses on highlighting various biomedical ap-plications of engineered and fabricated silk-based biomaterials which aid in the treatment of certain infections and diseases related to skin,eyes,teeth,bone,heart,nerves,and liver.Furthermore,we have consolidated the advancements of silk-based biomaterials in the different fields of biotechnology such as sensors,food coating and packaging,textiles,drug delivery,and cosmetics.However,the research in this field continues to expand and more significant observations must be generated with feasible results for their reliable use in different biomedical applications.展开更多
Flexible wearable devices,especially strain sensors,have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their promising applications in health monitoring and human-machine interaction.However,most reported flexi...Flexible wearable devices,especially strain sensors,have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their promising applications in health monitoring and human-machine interaction.However,most reported flexible strain sensors could not be repaired/healed or recycled,which is vital for their long-term use and a sustainable society.Furthermore,their existing fabrication process often requires expensive rawmaterials and complex techniques.Here,we develop high-performance flexible strain sensors with both repairable and recyclable capacity,by simply hot-pressing highly electroconductive carbonized silk fabric(CSF)into the surface of exchangeable polyurethane(xPU).The obtained CSF-xPU strain sensors show a largeworkable strain range(>80%),fast response(<60 ms),high sensitivity,and excellent durability.Moreover,the sensors could also be efficiently repaired/healed and recycled based on the dynamic carbamate bonds in the xPU.Due to the abundant source of silk fabric and large-scale production of polyurethane,as well as the simple hot-pressing process to composite the CSF and the xPU,this CSF-xPU strain sensor is low-cost.Therefore,the repairable/healable and recyclable strain sensors here show great potential as high-performance and sustainable wearable devices for practical applications.展开更多
基金Fujian External Cooperation Project of Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2022I0042)。
文摘The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11665005,11505032,11547139,51672249,and 11565003)the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LY16A050002)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(Grant Nos.20161BAB211026,20171ACB21049,and 20171BAB211012)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education,China(Grant No.GJJ150981)the Program for Innovative Research Team of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Chinathe Opening Foundation of Insititue of Textile Technology,Wuhan Texitle Universitiy,China(Grant No.GCZX201702)
文摘The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet（APPJ） system employing Ar/O2 or He/O2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The effects of the APPJ characteristics（particularly the gas type and discharge power） on the fabric strength, physical-chemical structures,and sterilizing efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that the Ar/O2 APPJ plasma can inactivate the mycete completely within 4.0 min under a discharge power of 50.0 W. Such an APPJ treatment had negligible impact on the mechanical strength of the fabric and the surface chemical characteristics. Moreover, the Ar ions, O and OH radicals were shown to play important roles on the sterilization of the mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics.
基金supported by the Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Province(LGF21E030005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 51803185)the China Scholarships Council for supporting research at National University of Singapore(202008330177).
文摘Silk fabric-based wearable electronics stand among the most effective materials for the electronic skin function,due to their flexibility,robust mechanical features,and bio-compatibility.However,the development of fabric sensors is restricted by limited resilience and the weak binding force of conductive materials to fabrics.Herein,a general strategy is developed for designing SF wearable devices with high elasticity and conductivity,combining the macroscopic design of three-dimensional SF structure,microscopic plasma-activated β-FeOOH scaffolds and in situ polymerized polypyrrole.Significantly,the fabric exhibits a maximum tensile strain of up to 30%,high conductivity(resistivity of 0.3Ω·cm),fast response in sensing(50 ms),and excellent durability(>1500 cycles).The possible mechanism of plasma activation of akaganeite scaffolds to produce zero-valent iron and induce pyrrole polymerization is analyzed.In addition,the e-textiles are demonstrated for personal-care management,including motion recognition,information interaction and electric heating.This work provides a novel guide to constructing advanced fabric-sensor devices capable of high conductivity and elasticity,which are expected to be applied in the fields of health monitoring,smart homes,and virtual reality interaction.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078125 and 52004102)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2023M741472)。
文摘Surface modification of fabrics is an effective way to endow them with antifouling properties while still maintaining their key advantages such as comfort,softness and stretchability.Herein,an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma method is demonstrated for the processing of silk fabrics using 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane(PFDS)as the precursor.The results showed the successful grafting of PFDS groups onto the surface of silk fabrics without causing damage.Meanwhile,the gas temperature is rather low during the whole processing procedure,suggesting the non-equilibrium characteristics of DBD plasma.The influence on fabrics of the processing parameters(PFDS concentration,plasma treatment time and plasma discharge power)was systematically investigated.An optimum processing condition was determined to be a PFDS concentration of 8wt%,a plasma processing time of 40 s and a plasma power of 11.87 W.However,with prolonged plasma processing time or enhanced plasma power,the plasma-grafted PFDS films could be degraded.Further study revealed that plasma processing of silk fabrics with PFDS would lead to a change in their chemical composition and surface roughness.As a result,the surface energy of the fabrics was reduced,accompanied by improved water and oil repellency as well as enhanced antifouling performance.Besides,the plasma-grafted PFDS films also had good durability and stability.By extending the method to polyester and wool against different oil-/water-based stains,the DBD plasma surface modification technique demonstrated good versatility in improving the antifouling properties of fabrics.This work provides guidance for the surface modification of fabrics using DBD plasma to confer them with desirable functionalities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12302192)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.SWU-KQ22025)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJQN202300222)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0241)the Fund for Innovative Research Groups of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.A2024202045)Key Technologies and Demonstration Application Research Project for Large-scale Lithium-ion Hybrid Energy Storage Equipment(No.HC23118)Major Basic Research Project of Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation(No.A2023202049).
文摘Ionogels have demonstrated substantial applications in smart wearable systems,soft robotics,and biomedical engineering due to the exceptional ionic conductivity and optical transparency.However,achieving ionogels with desirable mechanical properties,environmental stability,and multi-mode sensing remains challenging.Here,we propose a simple strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional silk fabric-based ionogels(BSFIGs).The resulting fabric ionogels exhibits superior mechanical properties,with high tensile strength(11.3 MPa)and work of fracture(2.53 MJ/m^(3)).And its work of fracture still has 1.42 MJ/m^(3)as the notch increased to 50%,indicating its crack growth insensitivity.These ionogels can be used as sensors for strain,temperature,and tactile multimode sensing,demonstrating a gauge factor of 1.19 and a temperature coefficient of resistance of3.17/℃^(-1).Furthermore,these ionogels can be used for the detection of different roughness and as touch screens.The ionogels also exhibit exceptional optical transmittance and environmental stability even at80℃.Our scalable fabrication process broadens the application potential of these multifunctional ionogels in diverse fields,from smart systems to extreme environments.
基金Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China (PRC)
文摘A feasible approach for the recognition of silk fabric defects based on wavelet transform and SOM neural network is proposed in this paper, the indispensable processes of which are defect images denoising and enhancement, image edge detection, feature extraction and defects identification. Both geometrical and textmal feature parmnete~ are extracted from the edge image and the enhanced defect image, and utilize SOM neural network to recognize the common defects which silk fabrics have, including warplacking, weft-lacking, double weft, loom bars, oil-stains. Experimental resets show the advantages with high identification correctness and high inspection speed.
文摘In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated with different applied voltages(0 kV to 45 kV)was used to treat the surface of silk fabrics.C I Natural Yellow 3 was used to dye untreated and plasma-treated silk fabrics.The physical analysis based on scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of silk fabrics was affected by plasma treatment.The chemical analysis was investigated with x-ray photi>elcctron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the content of C Is decreased with the increasing applied voltage,the content of N Is and O Is increased with the increasing applied voltage.The increasing K/S values represented that the dyeability of silk fabrics was improved after plasma treatment.The color fastness to dry and wet rubbing was decreased after plasma treatment.
文摘The graft modification of N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (NNMBAA) onto silk using eerie ammonium sulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and 2, 2-azobis (isobutyronitrile) as the initiators has been studied in the presence of air. To establish reaction conditions for the graft modification of NNMBAA onto silk, the effect of different variables such as the initiator concentration, monomer concentration, acetic acid concentration, time of polymerization, reaction temperature and liquor ratio (fabric: liq.) have been studied. The optimum grafting conditions were found. As evidence of grafting, analyses of amino acid composition and alkali solubility have been carried out. Grafting caused changes in amino acid composition and alkali solubility of silk. The observation has been explained in relation to structural changes in the grafted silk.
基金This work was financially supported by Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202002030307)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515110881)+1 种基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B090919001 and 2019B090908001)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power(2018B030322001).
文摘Lithium–sulfur batteries are highly appealing as highenergy power systems and hold great application prospects for flexible and wearable electronics.However,the easy formation of lithium dendrites,shuttle effect of dissolved polysulfides,random deposition of insulating lithium sulfides,and poor mechanical flexibility of both electrodes seriously restrict the utilization of lithium and stabilities of lithium and sulfur for practical applications.Herein,we present a cooperative strategy employing silk fibroin/sericin to stabilize flexible lithium–sulfur full batteries by simultaneously inhibiting lithium dendrites,adsorbing liquid polysulfides,and anchoring solid lithium sulfides.Benefiting from the abundant nitrogen-and oxygen-containing functional groups,the carbonized fibroin fabric serves as a lithiophilic fabric host for stabilizing the lithium anode,while the carbonized fibroin fabric and the extracted sericin are used as sulfiphilic hosts and adhesive binders,respectively,for stabilizing the sulfur cathode.Consequently,the assembled Li–S full battery provided a high areal capacity(5.6 mAh cm−2),limited lithium excess(90%),a high volumetric energy density(457.2 Wh L^(−1)),high-capacity retention(99.8%per cycle),and remarkable bending capability(6000 flexing cycles at a small radius of 5 mm).
基金funded by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB),Govt.of India,vide project sanction no:EEQ/2021/000372.
文摘Silk-based biomaterials have gained significant importance making them a promising choice for the future of med-ical technology due to their versatility and biocompatibility.They can be fabricated and tailored through various processing methods such as electrospinning,freeze-drying,and 3D printing,to achieve specific properties and structures namely sponges,hydrogels,films,and scaffolds that can be utilized for different biomedical applica-tions.Biocompatibility,a unique property of silk-based biomaterials,has been demonstrated through both in vivo and in vitro studies and to date many studies have reported the successful use of these silk-based biomaterials in different fields of medicine.In this review,we have elaborately discussed different types of silk,their structural composition,and biophysical properties.Also,the current review focuses on highlighting various biomedical ap-plications of engineered and fabricated silk-based biomaterials which aid in the treatment of certain infections and diseases related to skin,eyes,teeth,bone,heart,nerves,and liver.Furthermore,we have consolidated the advancements of silk-based biomaterials in the different fields of biotechnology such as sensors,food coating and packaging,textiles,drug delivery,and cosmetics.However,the research in this field continues to expand and more significant observations must be generated with feasible results for their reliable use in different biomedical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22175106,52125201)the Beijing Nova Program(20220484126)Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program,and Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS20230470).
文摘Flexible wearable devices,especially strain sensors,have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their promising applications in health monitoring and human-machine interaction.However,most reported flexible strain sensors could not be repaired/healed or recycled,which is vital for their long-term use and a sustainable society.Furthermore,their existing fabrication process often requires expensive rawmaterials and complex techniques.Here,we develop high-performance flexible strain sensors with both repairable and recyclable capacity,by simply hot-pressing highly electroconductive carbonized silk fabric(CSF)into the surface of exchangeable polyurethane(xPU).The obtained CSF-xPU strain sensors show a largeworkable strain range(>80%),fast response(<60 ms),high sensitivity,and excellent durability.Moreover,the sensors could also be efficiently repaired/healed and recycled based on the dynamic carbamate bonds in the xPU.Due to the abundant source of silk fabric and large-scale production of polyurethane,as well as the simple hot-pressing process to composite the CSF and the xPU,this CSF-xPU strain sensor is low-cost.Therefore,the repairable/healable and recyclable strain sensors here show great potential as high-performance and sustainable wearable devices for practical applications.
