Plant pigments have a vital role in plant pollination,aesthetic appeal,and quality of the fruit.Naturally occurring major plant pigments include anthocyanins,carotenoids,and chlorophyll.In addition to their coloration...Plant pigments have a vital role in plant pollination,aesthetic appeal,and quality of the fruit.Naturally occurring major plant pigments include anthocyanins,carotenoids,and chlorophyll.In addition to their coloration,these pigments possess additional beneficial properties,which is why they are often referred to as bioactive compounds.Moreover,they exhibit strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.The pigments,particularly beta-carotene(a precursor to vitamin A),a type of carotenoid,are crucial for maintaining good vision.They can help reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration and improve overall eye health.The antioxidants found in fruit pigments may improve cognitive function and reduce neurodegeneration.This review article explores the processes involved in the biosynthesis of essential pigments in fruits,emphasizing their biological significance and various applications,including effects on human health and economic value.Understanding these mechanisms can improve the color and quality of fruits,resulting in high consumer acceptance and higher market demand.The numerous benefits of plant pigments have sparked growing interest in incorporating them into our food.However,in-depth research is required to explore the biological significance of fruit pigments,as well as their role in human food and nutrition.Studies have shown that these bioactive compounds can help prevent and manage chronic degenerative diseases.Further research is necessary in both fundamental and applied areas to enhance pigment levels in fruit to a degree sufficient for disease prevention.Comprehensive research into the genetic regulation of pigment biosynthesis could illuminate pathways for enhancing pigmentation through genetic engineering or traditional breeding methods.Genome editing technologies like CRISPR could be employed to improve specific pathways related to pigment biosynthesis in fruits.Further promising opportunities for the application of these pigments beyond the food industry should be investigated,focusing on their potential contributions in cosmetics,textiles,medicine,agriculture,and other sectors.展开更多
Paintings in Ethiopia have a long history.Ancient peoples of Ethiopia and others who had lived in caves developed a tradition of depicting animal motifs they domesticated and their daily activities.The growth of sacre...Paintings in Ethiopia have a long history.Ancient peoples of Ethiopia and others who had lived in caves developed a tradition of depicting animal motifs they domesticated and their daily activities.The growth of sacred painting in Ethiopia was a result of the introduction of Christianity in the 4th century AD.In addition the Ethiopian Orthodox Church approval of using paintings as a medium of teaching contributed for this development.Due to lack of evidences and insufficient researches conducted in the field little is known about ancient history of Ethiopian paintings.Most of the researches conducted focused on medieval period religious paintings and lately developed.The aim of this study is to investigate the development,significance,and challenges of churches with murals of the Gondarian painting style.The study was qualitative in approach and descriptive in design.In order to get valuable information for the study both primary and secondary sources were collected through interview,observation,and review of related literatures.And the data obtained through the above mentioned data gathering tools were analyzed qualitatively.The finding revealed that medieval period in Ethiopia witnessed the development of religious paintings mainly during the Gondarian period.Religious paintings of the period painted mainly on foundations of parchments,wall,and wood panel.Like other tourist attractions,wall paintings contributed a lot in attracting both domestic and international tourists.Due to several man-made and natural problems those wall paintings faced serious challenges which need an immediate intervention from the concerned bodies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors worldwide,with high incidence and mortality rates.AIM To investigate the expression significance of the chromatin-remodeling...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors worldwide,with high incidence and mortality rates.AIM To investigate the expression significance of the chromatin-remodeling protein MORC family CW-type zinc finger 4(MORC4)as a biomarker in CRC patients,and to explore its relationship with pathological features and prognosis.METHODS A total of 143 CRC specimens and 57 adjacent tissue specimens,surgically removed from our hospital between January 2020 and January 2021,were collected.MORC4 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry after paraffin embedding.The relationship between MORC4 protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to analyze the relationship between MORC4 protein expression and prognosis in CRC patients.RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues,the expression rate of MORC4 protein in CRC tissues was significantly higher(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the high expression rate of MORC4 protein in CRC tissues among patients of different gender,age,tumor location,tumor diameter,and primary tumor status(P>0.05).However,significant differences were found in the high expression rate of MORC4 protein in patients with different degrees of differentiation,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,tumor-lymph node-metastasis stage,and serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels(P<0.05).Compared with patients with low MORC4 expression,patients with high MORC4 expression had a worse prognosis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The upregulation of MORC4 expression in CRC patients is closely related to disease severity and prognosis,suggesting its potential as an evaluation biomarker,which warrants further investigation.展开更多
Correlating tree-ring parameters with daily resolved climate data is becoming increasingly common for understanding the complex relationships between tree growth and the surrounding environment.However,with an increas...Correlating tree-ring parameters with daily resolved climate data is becoming increasingly common for understanding the complex relationships between tree growth and the surrounding environment.However,with an increased number of calculated correlations,there is an inherent risk of spurious significance.In this study,we present an analysis using synthetic weather and tree-ring data mimicking the statistical properties of ten real-world sites across Europe to quantify the extent to which numerous comparisons may inflate maximum correlations.Comparisons of different tree-ring proxies,considering varying overlapping period lengths and seasons,revealed 95th percentile correlation differences reaching 0.25 by chance.Using synthetic tree-ring chronologies with an assigned non-signal(r=0.00),spurious correlations can reach statistical significance in over 60%of tests.Correlation inflation is greater when:(1)the climate-proxy relationship is weaker;(2)comparison periods are shorter;and(3)the length of seasonal windows is longer.Autocorrelation in the proxy records does not appear to have a major effect.These findings indicate that caution should be exercised when computing high numbers of correlations with limited observations.We provide tables listing correlation inflations for precipitation-and temperature-sensitive tree-ring chronologies that can inform interpretations of significance.展开更多
China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chin...China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chinese modernization.As the most grand-scale and unique innovation in human history,Chinese modernization indeed has comprehensive and profound significance for the world economy.展开更多
Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian politi...Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian political parties and political power.The dictatorship of the proletariat puts forward the ideas of cheap government that eradicate corruption,realizes that the people are the masters of the country,implements democratic supervision of elections,simplifies the construction of institutions,lowers governance costs,and achieves higher efficiency.A deep understanding of the theoretical characteristics of Marx’s thoughts on integrity,democracy,and honor,and a profound clarification of the practical significance of Marx’s ideology on clean governance,combined with practical practice,will help promote the construction of a new system of anti-corruption and incorruption in our country,and will benefit our contemporary services.The construction of a type-oriented government system is conducive to deepening the construction of China’s national legal system.展开更多
The character of Lensky in Eugene Onegin is one of the most discussed figures in the novel.He is the friend of Eugene Onegin and represents a contradictory personality.In the novel,Lensky displays a complex set of cha...The character of Lensky in Eugene Onegin is one of the most discussed figures in the novel.He is the friend of Eugene Onegin and represents a contradictory personality.In the novel,Lensky displays a complex set of characteristics,appearing both elegant and noble on the outside,while concealing a deep inner loneliness and conflict.His attitude toward love and his dissatisfaction with society make him a dramatic and profound character in the story.By analyzing the character of Lensky,we can explore his role in the novel and his relationships with other characters.Lensky’s presence not only enriches the plot but also presents a figure filled with inner contradictions and emotional struggles.His friendship and rivalry with Eugene Onegin,as well as his admiration and helplessness in regard to Olga,showcase his complex inner world and reflections on life.Furthermore,the character of Lensky carries a certain symbolic significance.He can be seen as a metaphor for Russian society and culture at the time.His loneliness and inner conflict symbolize the limitations of Russian society and culture,while also reflecting Pushkin’s idealized pursuit of love and friendship,as well as his critical view of reality.In conclusion,through a deep analysis of Lensky’s character,we can better understand the portrayal of characters and the development of the plot in Eugene Onegin.It also provides readers with a perspective on Pushkin’s thoughts and observations on human nature,society,and culture.展开更多
Phytochemical investigation of the branches of Viburnum awabuki K.Koch led to the isolation of thirteen known compounds,including five lignans(1-5),one phytosterol(6),two phenylpropanoids(7-8),one chromone derivative(...Phytochemical investigation of the branches of Viburnum awabuki K.Koch led to the isolation of thirteen known compounds,including five lignans(1-5),one phytosterol(6),two phenylpropanoids(7-8),one chromone derivative(9),three pentacyclic triterpenoids(10-12),and one glyceride(13).The structures of these compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison of experimental data with literature data.Additionally,the chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated secondary metabolites was also discussed.展开更多
As members of the Kruppel-like transcription factor family,KLF4 and KLF5 play critical roles in the development and progression of breast cancer,yet their functions are complex.KLF4 exhibits a dual role:on one hand,it...As members of the Kruppel-like transcription factor family,KLF4 and KLF5 play critical roles in the development and progression of breast cancer,yet their functions are complex.KLF4 exhibits a dual role:on one hand,it inhibits metastasis by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and activating E-cadherin transcription;on the other hand,it can sustain tumor stem cell properties to promote progression.Its tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting effects are highly dependent on the status of p21 and the cellular microenvironment.KLF5 is significantly overexpressed in basal-like breast cancer(BLBC)and triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),promoting tumor proliferation and metastasis by regulating the cell cycle(inducing Cyclin D1 and inhibiting p27),maintaining stemness(activating Slug/Nanog),and forming a positive feedback loop with KLF5-XPO1.Clinical studies have demonstrated that overexpression of KLF4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients,while small-molecule inhibitors targeting KLF5(such as mifepristone and CDK7/BRD4 inhibitors)can inhibit the growth of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Both KLF4 and KLF5 influence breast cancer heterogeneity and treatment response by regulating key signaling pathways.Future research should further elucidate their environment-dependent mechanisms to develop precise targeting strategies.展开更多
Sudden earth's surface anomalies caused by natural and anthropogenic factors pose significant threats to ecological sustainability and the safety of human life and property,highlighting the urgent need for their i...Sudden earth's surface anomalies caused by natural and anthropogenic factors pose significant threats to ecological sustainability and the safety of human life and property,highlighting the urgent need for their immediate monitoring and early warning.Satellite remote sensing is the most effective means for large-scale earth's surface anomaly detection.However,constrained by traditional observation paradigms,satellite payload limitations,and other physical factors,current remote sensing detection faces two major challenges:“inability to observe quickly”and“inability to observe effectively”.To solve these problems,we have researched immediate remote sensing detection of sudden earth's surface anomalies.Its core concept is to deploy the entire detection process on satellites,enabling on-orbit immediate detection of earth's surface anomalies based on a single image through the integrated“positioning,navigation,timing,remote sensing,communication(PNTRC)”intelligent constellation and edge computing technologies.Subsequently,the detection results are transmitted directly to the subscriber mobile terminal through the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS).The immediate remote sensing of sudden earth's surface anomalies emphasizes the continuous capture and immediate feedback of geographic processes,overcoming the longstanding reliance of traditional geography on“slow variables”.Its significance lies not only in the improvement of data acquisition efficiency but also in promoting the transformation of geography from a“descriptive science”to a“predictive science”.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFD2200600)Hebei Province Key R&D Program(21326304D)+2 种基金Hebei Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(HBCT2024190201)Hebei Provincial Program(HBCT2024190201)China Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-30-2-53007).
文摘Plant pigments have a vital role in plant pollination,aesthetic appeal,and quality of the fruit.Naturally occurring major plant pigments include anthocyanins,carotenoids,and chlorophyll.In addition to their coloration,these pigments possess additional beneficial properties,which is why they are often referred to as bioactive compounds.Moreover,they exhibit strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.The pigments,particularly beta-carotene(a precursor to vitamin A),a type of carotenoid,are crucial for maintaining good vision.They can help reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration and improve overall eye health.The antioxidants found in fruit pigments may improve cognitive function and reduce neurodegeneration.This review article explores the processes involved in the biosynthesis of essential pigments in fruits,emphasizing their biological significance and various applications,including effects on human health and economic value.Understanding these mechanisms can improve the color and quality of fruits,resulting in high consumer acceptance and higher market demand.The numerous benefits of plant pigments have sparked growing interest in incorporating them into our food.However,in-depth research is required to explore the biological significance of fruit pigments,as well as their role in human food and nutrition.Studies have shown that these bioactive compounds can help prevent and manage chronic degenerative diseases.Further research is necessary in both fundamental and applied areas to enhance pigment levels in fruit to a degree sufficient for disease prevention.Comprehensive research into the genetic regulation of pigment biosynthesis could illuminate pathways for enhancing pigmentation through genetic engineering or traditional breeding methods.Genome editing technologies like CRISPR could be employed to improve specific pathways related to pigment biosynthesis in fruits.Further promising opportunities for the application of these pigments beyond the food industry should be investigated,focusing on their potential contributions in cosmetics,textiles,medicine,agriculture,and other sectors.
文摘Paintings in Ethiopia have a long history.Ancient peoples of Ethiopia and others who had lived in caves developed a tradition of depicting animal motifs they domesticated and their daily activities.The growth of sacred painting in Ethiopia was a result of the introduction of Christianity in the 4th century AD.In addition the Ethiopian Orthodox Church approval of using paintings as a medium of teaching contributed for this development.Due to lack of evidences and insufficient researches conducted in the field little is known about ancient history of Ethiopian paintings.Most of the researches conducted focused on medieval period religious paintings and lately developed.The aim of this study is to investigate the development,significance,and challenges of churches with murals of the Gondarian painting style.The study was qualitative in approach and descriptive in design.In order to get valuable information for the study both primary and secondary sources were collected through interview,observation,and review of related literatures.And the data obtained through the above mentioned data gathering tools were analyzed qualitatively.The finding revealed that medieval period in Ethiopia witnessed the development of religious paintings mainly during the Gondarian period.Religious paintings of the period painted mainly on foundations of parchments,wall,and wood panel.Like other tourist attractions,wall paintings contributed a lot in attracting both domestic and international tourists.Due to several man-made and natural problems those wall paintings faced serious challenges which need an immediate intervention from the concerned bodies.
基金was approved by the Ethics Committee of Cangzhou Central Hospital,No.29795793.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors worldwide,with high incidence and mortality rates.AIM To investigate the expression significance of the chromatin-remodeling protein MORC family CW-type zinc finger 4(MORC4)as a biomarker in CRC patients,and to explore its relationship with pathological features and prognosis.METHODS A total of 143 CRC specimens and 57 adjacent tissue specimens,surgically removed from our hospital between January 2020 and January 2021,were collected.MORC4 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry after paraffin embedding.The relationship between MORC4 protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to analyze the relationship between MORC4 protein expression and prognosis in CRC patients.RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues,the expression rate of MORC4 protein in CRC tissues was significantly higher(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the high expression rate of MORC4 protein in CRC tissues among patients of different gender,age,tumor location,tumor diameter,and primary tumor status(P>0.05).However,significant differences were found in the high expression rate of MORC4 protein in patients with different degrees of differentiation,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,tumor-lymph node-metastasis stage,and serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels(P<0.05).Compared with patients with low MORC4 expression,patients with high MORC4 expression had a worse prognosis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The upregulation of MORC4 expression in CRC patients is closely related to disease severity and prognosis,suggesting its potential as an evaluation biomarker,which warrants further investigation.
基金supported partly by the ERC Advanced Grant Monostar(AdG 882727)the co funded EU project AdAgriF(CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004635).
文摘Correlating tree-ring parameters with daily resolved climate data is becoming increasingly common for understanding the complex relationships between tree growth and the surrounding environment.However,with an increased number of calculated correlations,there is an inherent risk of spurious significance.In this study,we present an analysis using synthetic weather and tree-ring data mimicking the statistical properties of ten real-world sites across Europe to quantify the extent to which numerous comparisons may inflate maximum correlations.Comparisons of different tree-ring proxies,considering varying overlapping period lengths and seasons,revealed 95th percentile correlation differences reaching 0.25 by chance.Using synthetic tree-ring chronologies with an assigned non-signal(r=0.00),spurious correlations can reach statistical significance in over 60%of tests.Correlation inflation is greater when:(1)the climate-proxy relationship is weaker;(2)comparison periods are shorter;and(3)the length of seasonal windows is longer.Autocorrelation in the proxy records does not appear to have a major effect.These findings indicate that caution should be exercised when computing high numbers of correlations with limited observations.We provide tables listing correlation inflations for precipitation-and temperature-sensitive tree-ring chronologies that can inform interpretations of significance.
文摘China is a major country with global influence.The sheer size of it determines that the complexity and difficulty of achieving modernization in China are unprecedented,and so are the significance and influence of Chinese modernization.As the most grand-scale and unique innovation in human history,Chinese modernization indeed has comprehensive and profound significance for the world economy.
基金Chongqing Social Science Planning Project“Research on the Practical Path of Leading and Cultivating Youth Responsibility and Commitment with the Spirit of Struggle”(2021YBCS24)。
文摘Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian political parties and political power.The dictatorship of the proletariat puts forward the ideas of cheap government that eradicate corruption,realizes that the people are the masters of the country,implements democratic supervision of elections,simplifies the construction of institutions,lowers governance costs,and achieves higher efficiency.A deep understanding of the theoretical characteristics of Marx’s thoughts on integrity,democracy,and honor,and a profound clarification of the practical significance of Marx’s ideology on clean governance,combined with practical practice,will help promote the construction of a new system of anti-corruption and incorruption in our country,and will benefit our contemporary services.The construction of a type-oriented government system is conducive to deepening the construction of China’s national legal system.
文摘The character of Lensky in Eugene Onegin is one of the most discussed figures in the novel.He is the friend of Eugene Onegin and represents a contradictory personality.In the novel,Lensky displays a complex set of characteristics,appearing both elegant and noble on the outside,while concealing a deep inner loneliness and conflict.His attitude toward love and his dissatisfaction with society make him a dramatic and profound character in the story.By analyzing the character of Lensky,we can explore his role in the novel and his relationships with other characters.Lensky’s presence not only enriches the plot but also presents a figure filled with inner contradictions and emotional struggles.His friendship and rivalry with Eugene Onegin,as well as his admiration and helplessness in regard to Olga,showcase his complex inner world and reflections on life.Furthermore,the character of Lensky carries a certain symbolic significance.He can be seen as a metaphor for Russian society and culture at the time.His loneliness and inner conflict symbolize the limitations of Russian society and culture,while also reflecting Pushkin’s idealized pursuit of love and friendship,as well as his critical view of reality.In conclusion,through a deep analysis of Lensky’s character,we can better understand the portrayal of characters and the development of the plot in Eugene Onegin.It also provides readers with a perspective on Pushkin’s thoughts and observations on human nature,society,and culture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32370425).
文摘Phytochemical investigation of the branches of Viburnum awabuki K.Koch led to the isolation of thirteen known compounds,including five lignans(1-5),one phytosterol(6),two phenylpropanoids(7-8),one chromone derivative(9),three pentacyclic triterpenoids(10-12),and one glyceride(13).The structures of these compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison of experimental data with literature data.Additionally,the chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated secondary metabolites was also discussed.
文摘As members of the Kruppel-like transcription factor family,KLF4 and KLF5 play critical roles in the development and progression of breast cancer,yet their functions are complex.KLF4 exhibits a dual role:on one hand,it inhibits metastasis by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and activating E-cadherin transcription;on the other hand,it can sustain tumor stem cell properties to promote progression.Its tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting effects are highly dependent on the status of p21 and the cellular microenvironment.KLF5 is significantly overexpressed in basal-like breast cancer(BLBC)and triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),promoting tumor proliferation and metastasis by regulating the cell cycle(inducing Cyclin D1 and inhibiting p27),maintaining stemness(activating Slug/Nanog),and forming a positive feedback loop with KLF5-XPO1.Clinical studies have demonstrated that overexpression of KLF4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients,while small-molecule inhibitors targeting KLF5(such as mifepristone and CDK7/BRD4 inhibitors)can inhibit the growth of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Both KLF4 and KLF5 influence breast cancer heterogeneity and treatment response by regulating key signaling pathways.Future research should further elucidate their environment-dependent mechanisms to develop precise targeting strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42192580)。
文摘Sudden earth's surface anomalies caused by natural and anthropogenic factors pose significant threats to ecological sustainability and the safety of human life and property,highlighting the urgent need for their immediate monitoring and early warning.Satellite remote sensing is the most effective means for large-scale earth's surface anomaly detection.However,constrained by traditional observation paradigms,satellite payload limitations,and other physical factors,current remote sensing detection faces two major challenges:“inability to observe quickly”and“inability to observe effectively”.To solve these problems,we have researched immediate remote sensing detection of sudden earth's surface anomalies.Its core concept is to deploy the entire detection process on satellites,enabling on-orbit immediate detection of earth's surface anomalies based on a single image through the integrated“positioning,navigation,timing,remote sensing,communication(PNTRC)”intelligent constellation and edge computing technologies.Subsequently,the detection results are transmitted directly to the subscriber mobile terminal through the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS).The immediate remote sensing of sudden earth's surface anomalies emphasizes the continuous capture and immediate feedback of geographic processes,overcoming the longstanding reliance of traditional geography on“slow variables”.Its significance lies not only in the improvement of data acquisition efficiency but also in promoting the transformation of geography from a“descriptive science”to a“predictive science”.
