Rectangular explosive charges are usually used in military or civilian explosive transportation and storage.The effects of shape parameters and detonation positions on the peak overpressure and maximum impulse of blas...Rectangular explosive charges are usually used in military or civilian explosive transportation and storage.The effects of shape parameters and detonation positions on the peak overpressure and maximum impulse of blasts lack comprehensive investigation,which is significant for the design of blast-resistant structures.In this paper,the side-length ratio of the rectangle,orientation,and detonation position of the charge are chosen as controlling parameters to investigate their influence on blast loads in the scaled distances of the gauges ranging from 0.63 to 10.54 m/kg^(1/3) with well validated 3D numerical simulations.The results show that there is a large difference in the near-field spatial distribution of the blast load of the rectangular charge;if the blast load of the rectangular charge is simply evaluated with the spherical charge,the maximum peak overpressure(maximum impulse)will be underestimated by a factor of 7.46(4.84).This must be taken seriously by blast-resistant structure designers.With the increase in the scaled distance,when the critical scaled distance is greater than 6.32(7.38)m/kg^(1/3),the influence of the charge shape on the maximum peak overpressure(maximum impulse)of the spatial blast load can be ignored.In general,the impact of detonation of the charge at the end on the maximum peak overpressure is greater compared with central detonation,but for the impact of the maximum impulse,it is necessary to pay attention to the side-length ratio of the rectangular charge and the specific detonation position on the end face.Furthermore,the structural response of steel plates placed at different azimuths under the blast load of a rectangular charge is preliminarily analyzed,and the results show that the deformation and energy of the plates are consistent with the distribution of the blast load.These analysis results provide a reference for the explosion protection design in near-field air explosions.展开更多
以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的...以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的聚羧酸盐分散剂。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)对聚合物的分子结构、相对分子质量及其热力学性能进行了表征和分析。将其作用于彬长煤制浆,考察了浆体的表观黏度、最佳添加用量、最大成浆浓度、Zeta电位和稳定性。结果表明侧链长度为PC500(n=11)的聚羧酸盐分散剂降黏效果最佳,且最佳用量0.4%(质量分数)时,水煤浆最高制浆浓度可达到68%,Zeta电位由-11.2 m V变化到-41.5 m V,对彬长煤具有更好的分散降黏和稳定的作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.14102428)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.WK2090000019 and YD2480002002)the Open Research Fund of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Building and Assembly Construction,Anhui Institute of Building Research&Design(Grant No.2021-JKYL-005).
文摘Rectangular explosive charges are usually used in military or civilian explosive transportation and storage.The effects of shape parameters and detonation positions on the peak overpressure and maximum impulse of blasts lack comprehensive investigation,which is significant for the design of blast-resistant structures.In this paper,the side-length ratio of the rectangle,orientation,and detonation position of the charge are chosen as controlling parameters to investigate their influence on blast loads in the scaled distances of the gauges ranging from 0.63 to 10.54 m/kg^(1/3) with well validated 3D numerical simulations.The results show that there is a large difference in the near-field spatial distribution of the blast load of the rectangular charge;if the blast load of the rectangular charge is simply evaluated with the spherical charge,the maximum peak overpressure(maximum impulse)will be underestimated by a factor of 7.46(4.84).This must be taken seriously by blast-resistant structure designers.With the increase in the scaled distance,when the critical scaled distance is greater than 6.32(7.38)m/kg^(1/3),the influence of the charge shape on the maximum peak overpressure(maximum impulse)of the spatial blast load can be ignored.In general,the impact of detonation of the charge at the end on the maximum peak overpressure is greater compared with central detonation,but for the impact of the maximum impulse,it is necessary to pay attention to the side-length ratio of the rectangular charge and the specific detonation position on the end face.Furthermore,the structural response of steel plates placed at different azimuths under the blast load of a rectangular charge is preliminarily analyzed,and the results show that the deformation and energy of the plates are consistent with the distribution of the blast load.These analysis results provide a reference for the explosion protection design in near-field air explosions.
文摘以丙烯酸(AA)和4种不同侧链长度的聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG相对分子质量分别为350,500,750,1 000)先酯化合成大单体(MPEGAA),再以丙烯酸、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,在引发剂过硫酸钾、链转移剂异丙醇作用下聚合得到4种具有不同侧链长度的聚羧酸盐分散剂。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)对聚合物的分子结构、相对分子质量及其热力学性能进行了表征和分析。将其作用于彬长煤制浆,考察了浆体的表观黏度、最佳添加用量、最大成浆浓度、Zeta电位和稳定性。结果表明侧链长度为PC500(n=11)的聚羧酸盐分散剂降黏效果最佳,且最佳用量0.4%(质量分数)时,水煤浆最高制浆浓度可达到68%,Zeta电位由-11.2 m V变化到-41.5 m V,对彬长煤具有更好的分散降黏和稳定的作用。
