Emerging and powerful genome editing tools,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,are facilitating functional genomics research and accelerating crop improvement(Jiang et al.2021;Cao et al.2023;Chen C et al.2023;Liu et al.2023a).Ho...Emerging and powerful genome editing tools,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,are facilitating functional genomics research and accelerating crop improvement(Jiang et al.2021;Cao et al.2023;Chen C et al.2023;Liu et al.2023a).However,the detection and screening of transgenic lines remain major bottlenecks,being time-consuming,labor-intensive,and inefficient during transformation and subsequent mutation identification.A simple and efficient visual marker system plays a critical role in addressing these challenges.Recent studies demonstrated that the GmW1 and RUBY reporter systems were used to obtain visual transgenic soybean(Glycine max) plants(Chen L et al.2023;Chen et al.2024).展开更多
Necessary actions should be taken to ensure stock market efficiency;thus,financial innovation-based criteria that affect stock market efficiency should be improved.However,simultaneously improving all criteria is diff...Necessary actions should be taken to ensure stock market efficiency;thus,financial innovation-based criteria that affect stock market efficiency should be improved.However,simultaneously improving all criteria is difficult;therefore,performing priority analysis is important for carrying out this process effectively and efficiently.Accordingly,this study aims to evaluate the financial innovation-based characteristics of stock market efficiency.This study’s main research question within this framework is identifying which factors should be prioritized to improve the stock market.In this scope,we created a novel fuzzy decision-making model consisting of two stages.First,selected criteria for the financial innovation-based characteristics of stock market efficiency are weighted.In this process,quantum spherical fuzzy sets based on DEMATEL are considered.In the second stage,selected economies are ranked using the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)approach.This study’s main contribution is that the DEMATEL technique in calculating criterion weights in the decision-making analysis process provides some advantages.With the help of this situation,the causal directions between these items can be considered;thus,it is possible to determine the most accurate strategies.The findings demonstrate that providing tax advantages is the most important factor in ensuring stock market efficiency.Moreover,the excellence of the financial system is critical in ensuring stock market efficiency.In this context,it is possible to provide tax advantages,especially for long-term investments.Thus,long-term investments can be increased,significantly increasing the market’s stability.展开更多
The modernization of the Traditional East Medicine industry has increasingly emphasized the role of collaborative innovation across the entire industrial chain.This paper investigates the mechanisms by which experts i...The modernization of the Traditional East Medicine industry has increasingly emphasized the role of collaborative innovation across the entire industrial chain.This paper investigates the mechanisms by which experts in cultivation,processing,R&D,production,and clinical application interact to enhance overall efficiency.By analyzing the bottlenecks in resource allocation,knowledge integration,and institutional design,the study proposes a comprehensive framework of collaborative mechanisms.The results highlight that multi-dimensional collaboration not only improves innovation efficiency but also accelerates the translation of scientific research into industrial outcomes.The findings provide theoretical support and practical implications for improving the synergy of experts in the Traditional East Medicine industry and contribute to the sustainable development of traditional medicine under modern industrial demands.展开更多
Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic...Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic high-quality development.This paper theoretically analyzes the internal mechanism of strong provincial capitals affecting regional innovation efficiency.The study finds that the policy of strong provincial capitals promotes the formation of the resource aggregation effect in the capital cities,attracts talents,technologies,policies,and capital and other factors,improves the efficiency and quality of innovation,and drives the development of neighboring regions.However,over-implementation of the policy will lead to a large number of big enterprises,"which will lead to rent-seeking,waste of resources,crowding out of government subsidies and congestion effects,inhibit innovation,and lead to the loss of innovation factors in peripheral cities,dragging down the innovation level of the whole province.Therefore,the relationship between strong provincial capitals and innovation is an inverted"U"shape,and this study is of great significance for understanding the double-edged sword effect of strong provincial capitals and formulating scientific regional innovation policies.展开更多
Strategically improving carbon emission efficiency(CEE)through digital intelligence technology innovation(DITI)is imperative to capitalize on emerging opportunities for economic decarbonization and low-carbon green de...Strategically improving carbon emission efficiency(CEE)through digital intelligence technology innovation(DITI)is imperative to capitalize on emerging opportunities for economic decarbonization and low-carbon green development.This study employs panel data from 283 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2021 to examine the influence of DITI on urban CEE.The findings suggest the following:①DITI is crucial in enhancing CEE,and it exerts spatial spillover effects on neighboring areas.②Following the transition to a low-carbon energy system,DITI is instrumental in enhancing CEE by reducing the energy consumption scale,optimizing the energy consumption structure,and controlling the energy consumption intensity.③DITI has varying effects on CEE when subjected to multidimensional regulations,including fiscal pressure,fiscal decentralization,private economics,and entrepreneurial vitality.④The beneficial impact of DITI on CEE is more pronounced in regions with high economic growth,low natural resource endowments,high digital resource endowments,and in cities in central China.This study emphasizes DITI’s crucial role in promoting a low-carbon,green circular,and energy-efficient digital economy.展开更多
Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still...Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still insufficient.Using the super-efficiency epsilon-based measure Malmquist model,kernel density estimation,and spatial econometric model,this study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency(GIE)in Northeast China from 2005 to 2020.The results reveal that:1)The GIE in Northeast China has obvious phased characteristics,where 2005-2011 was a period of fluctuating decline while 2012-2020 was a period of fluctuating increase,reflecting the severe resource and environmental constraints faced by the green innovation process.2)The GIE in the Northeast China has a significant spatial dependence,which has not formed a relatively stable spatial club feature.The process for improving the GIE in the Northeast China in the future is still arduous and far off.3)The interweaving and mutual influence of nonequilibrium factors have led to the diversity and complexity of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of GIE.Overall,the level of economic development and industrial structure has a positive effect,while foreign investment and industrial agglomeration have a negative effect.The direct effects of government regulation,resource endowment,science and technology,environmental regulation,and urbanization are not significant.The research conclusion of this article can provide important reference for the revitalization of Northeast China.展开更多
Indoor air quality(IAQ)is often overlooked,yet a poorly maintained environment can lead to significant health issues and reduced concentration and productivity in work or educational settings.This study presents an in...Indoor air quality(IAQ)is often overlooked,yet a poorly maintained environment can lead to significant health issues and reduced concentration and productivity in work or educational settings.This study presents an innovative control system for mechanical ventilation specifically designed for university classrooms,with the dual goal of enhancing IAQ and increasing energy efficiency.Two classrooms with distinct construction characteristics were analyzed:one with exterior walls and windows,and the other completely underground.For each classroom,a model was developed using DesignBuilder software,which was calibrated with experimental data regarding CO_(2) concentration,temperature,and relative humidity levels.The proposed ventilation system operates based on CO_(2) concentration,relative humidity,and potential for free heating and cooling.In addition,the analysis was conducted for other locations,demonstrating consistent energy savings across different climates and environments,always showing an annual reduction in energy consumption.Results demonstrate that mechanical ventilation,when integrated with heat recovery and free cooling strategies,significantly reduces energy consumption by up to 25%,while also maintaining optimal CO_(2) levels to enhance comfort and air quality.These findings emphasize the essential need for well-designed mechanical ventilation systems to ensure both psychophysical well-being and IAQ in enclosed spaces,particularly in environments intended for extended occupancy,such as classrooms.Furthermore,this approach has broad applicability,as it could be adapted to various building types,thereby contributing to sustainable energy management practices and promoting healthier indoor spaces.This study serves as a model for future designs aiming to balance energy efficiency with indoor air quality,especially relevant in the post-COVID era,where the importance of indoor air quality has become more widely recognized.展开更多
Industrial agglomeration is an essential and effective way to integrate resources and elements. Its impact on the green innovation efficiency of the tourism industry is a process of continuous development and dynamic ...Industrial agglomeration is an essential and effective way to integrate resources and elements. Its impact on the green innovation efficiency of the tourism industry is a process of continuous development and dynamic change. This paper, based on the provincial panel data from 2006 to 2015, uses super SBM model to measure the green innovation efficiency of China's tourism industry.The threshold regression model is employed to conduct empirical tests of the nonlinear threshold effect of agglomeration on the green innovation efficiency of tourism industry. The inter-provincial differences of various threshold effects and their possible causes are analyzed. Results indicate that the green innovation efficiency of China's tourism industry is generally growing, while regional disparity is significant with a gradient decrease along the eastern-central-western regions. There is an obvious positive nonlinear relationship between tourism agglomeration and green innovation efficiency. It is also found that with the increase of agglomeration, its influence is at a high level. As the level of agglomeration crosses the first threshold, its impact is at a low level, and when it crosses the second threshold, the impact of tourism agglomeration is at an intermediate level. Finally, this paper proposes the basic path and some policy recommendations to promote the green innovation efficiency of the tourism industry in China.展开更多
This paper first constructed a system to evaluate the innovation efficiency of industrial companies within China's Mainland.Then,a principal component analysis(PCA) was performed to these indicators for dimensiona...This paper first constructed a system to evaluate the innovation efficiency of industrial companies within China's Mainland.Then,a principal component analysis(PCA) was performed to these indicators for dimensionality reduction,so as to figure out the technology innovation efficiency in these two phases,respectively.Finally,the overall efficiency of industrial companies in different regions was estimated and factorized via data envelopment analysis(DEA).The results showed that:(1)the efficiency of green technology innovation of industrial companies in China was relatively low as a whole,which mainly resulted from pure technical efficiency(PTE).Further,this huge gap continues to expand in these regions.And both PTE and scale efficiency(SE) in central and western regions leave much to be expected.(2)In the first phase of green technology development,when environmental factors were concerned,the efficiency was much lower than that without environmental considerations.Besides,the central and western regions were facing increasingly severe environmental problems,and there was a wide disparity in technology development efficiency among eastern,central,and western regions.(3)In the second phase of green technology commercialization,there were still more rooms for improvement in raising the efficiency of green technology innovation,and the efficiency in eastern,central,and western regions was ranked from highest to lowest.(4)Liaoning,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Xinjiang,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Yunnan,and Qinghai should focus on improving their technology;Jilin,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Guangxi should make their efforts to reduce resource redundancy;whereas Ningxia and Gansu should try to solve the above two issues.展开更多
Agricultural innovation is important for the green transformation of agriculture.Based on the perspective of technology transformation,this paper builds a theoretical analysis framework and evaluation index system for...Agricultural innovation is important for the green transformation of agriculture.Based on the perspective of technology transformation,this paper builds a theoretical analysis framework and evaluation index system for green efficiency of agricultural innovation,and discusses the evolution laws and influencing factors of the green efficiency of China’s agricultural innovation from 2005 to 2017 utilizing the DEA model,Malmquist index,and Tobit regression analysis.The results show that:1)The overall green efficiency of China’s agricultural innovation is not high,the green efficiency of agricultural innovation in eastern China is mainly driven by pure technical efficiency,while that in central and western China is mainly driven by the scale efficiency.The green efficiency of agricultural innovation shows significant spatial differences,and the low efficiency and relatively low-efficiency regions moved to central and southeastern China.2)Technical progress is the main force affecting the change of green total factor productivity of China’s agricultural innovation,seeing a trend of decrease followed by an increase.Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency exhibit an increasing-decreasing trend,and gradually transform into key factors that restrict the improvement of the green total factor productivity of agricultural innovation.3)Agricultural technologies’diffusion,absorption,and implementation are three influencing factors of the green efficiency of agricultural innovation.The local level of informatization,the number of agricultural technicians in enterprises and institutions,average education level of residents,and the level of agricultural mechanization have positive impacts on the promotion of the green efficiency of agricultural innovation,promoting the diffusion,absorption and implementation of agricultural innovation technology can significantly improve the green efficiency of agricultural innovation.展开更多
The 14th Five-Year Plan period is a critical period for China to achieve high-quality development. Based on super-efficiency slacks-based measure(SBM) model, grey-related analysis(GRA) and other models, this paper stu...The 14th Five-Year Plan period is a critical period for China to achieve high-quality development. Based on super-efficiency slacks-based measure(SBM) model, grey-related analysis(GRA) and other models, this paper studies the heterogeneity of the coupling relationship among technological innovation, industrial transformation and environmental efficiency in the Huaihai Economic Zone during the period of 2005-2019. In addition, it analyzes the coupling mechanism of single and binary systems to the ternary system, which is of great significance for the collaborative symbiosis among systems. The findings are as follows. 1) The technological innovation, industrial transformation and environmental efficiency(TIE) systems of the Huaihai Economic Zone had significant spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Although their evaluation value fluctuated, the development trends are all positive. Ultimately, technological innovation is characterized by being high in the northeast and low in the southwest around Xuzhou, while other systems are relatively staggered in space. 2) The coupling of TIE systems is in transition, lack of orderly integration and benign interaction. However, the developing trend of interaction is also upward, and a spatial pattern driven by Xuzhou and Linyi as the dual cores has gradually formed. Moreover, the coupling is mostly manifested as outdated technological innovation and industrial transformation. Except for the final coordination of regenerative cities, the other resource types are all in transition. Cities in all traffic locations are still in transition. The overall system interaction of cities on Longhai Line(Lanzhou-Lianyungang Railway) is relatively optimal, and cities on Xinshi Line(Xinxiang-Rizhao Railway) are accelerating toward synergy. 3) The coupling status of TIE systems depends on the development of the single system and the interaction of the binary(2E) system. The coupling is closely related to technological innovation and Technology-Industry system,and is hindered by the inefficient interaction of Technology-Environment system. Specifically, the synergy of regenerative cities is attributed to the advantage of a single system and the effective integration of 2E systems. Beneficial from the advantages of environmental efficiency, the cities on Xinshi Line promote the synergy of the 2E and TIE systems. Therefore, while the Huaihai Economic Zone stimulates the development potential of the single and 2E systems, it is necessary to amplify the superimposition effect of systems in accordance on the basis of resource and location.展开更多
A flurry of studies indicates that population size has a positive effect on innovation,however,cross-country empirical evidence remains sparse.In this paper,we add to the literature by investigating the relationship b...A flurry of studies indicates that population size has a positive effect on innovation,however,cross-country empirical evidence remains sparse.In this paper,we add to the literature by investigating the relationship between population size and innovation efficiency at the country level through constructing three relative indexes based on the datasets of patent applications and Research and Development(R&D)investment.Different from previous studies based on absolute innovation indicators,the relative indexes can reflect the core innovation efficiency of economies by excluding the impact from the difference of economic development level,with a view putting all economies into a comparable standard framework.For all of the three relative indexes,their long-term trends show significant correlations with population size,and the economy with a larger population usually has better and stable performance on the trends of innovation efficiency.In addition,we find that there is a critical population size,over which the economy would be more likely to have a spontaneous improvement on innovation efficiency.This study provides direct evidence in supporting the population size advantage on the trends of innovation efficiency at the economy level and provides new insight to understand the rapid development of innovation in a few populous countries.展开更多
Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In th...Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In this paper,the green development efficiency of 30 provinces(cities and districts)in China from 2004 to 2017 is measured and its intertemporal changes,regional differences of green development efficiency are analyzed by using the super efficiency SBM model,further through theoretical analysis and empirical study,the influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency and its impact mechanism are investigated.The influence mechanisms of the technological innovation on green development efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis.The results show that during the observation period,the green development efficiency in China exhibits a U-shaped variation,but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions,and that technological innovation has some effect in promoting the regional green development efficiency,but not significant enough,which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.展开更多
The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278...The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020 and empirically examines the effect and internal mechanism of the NIIDZ on green economic efficiency(GEE)using the difference-in-difference model(DID).The results show that the NIIDZ effectively enhances the growth of GEE,and the results remain valid through several robustness tests,such as year-by-year propensity score matching.The transmission mechanism suggests that the NIIDZ indirectly drives GEE by accelerating scientific and technological investment,promoting talent concentration,and optimizing the industrial structure.Moreover,heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of the NIIDZ on GEE is more prominent in the eastern region and high green development level areas.The study’s findings can serve as a reference for China to further utilize the policy effectiveness of the NIIDZ and accelerate the high-quality development of the green economy in the future.展开更多
On the basis of the definition of technological innovation and efficiency,based on the DEA method,this paper takes the panel data of 20 listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry from 2011 to 201...On the basis of the definition of technological innovation and efficiency,based on the DEA method,this paper takes the panel data of 20 listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2015 as samples,evaluating the technological innovation efficiency of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.Finally,it sums up and puts forward effective countermeasures to improve the technological innovation of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.It is hoped that it will play a guiding role in the technological innovation activities of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.展开更多
Based on the statistical data of eight sub-sectors of equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province from 2012-2016,DEA and Malmquist index were used to give the static and dynamic evaluation of technological i...Based on the statistical data of eight sub-sectors of equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province from 2012-2016,DEA and Malmquist index were used to give the static and dynamic evaluation of technological innovation efficiency.The results show that the overall technological innovation efficiency of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry is higher due to the high pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.As the technical regress and inefficient allocation of resources deepened,the total factor productivity of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry presents a dropped tendency.According to the innovation efficiency and its changes,different industries should adopt the specific development strategies.展开更多
Based on the background of modern development, if each enterprise wants to achieve the sustainable development goal as soon as possible, it must emphasize the importance of management innovation. Through a series of m...Based on the background of modern development, if each enterprise wants to achieve the sustainable development goal as soon as possible, it must emphasize the importance of management innovation. Through a series of modern management methods, it can ensure that the enterprise can obtain the maximum economic benefits with the least investment in economic costs and steadily occupy an important share of the market. In this regard, the article focuses on several specific measures for management innovation to promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement of enterprises, hoping to provide some reference for relevant people.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on innovation efficiency of China’s pharmaceutical industry.Methods Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China’s pharma...Objective To study the effect of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on innovation efficiency of China’s pharmaceutical industry.Methods Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019,the stochastic frontier analysis method was used to study the influence of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on the innovation efficiency.Results and Conclusion With 1%increase in government R&D funding,the innovation efficiency of enterprises will increase by 0.122%.When R&D investment increases by 1%,innovation efficiency will increase by 0.169%.Both government R&D funding and enterprise R&D investment promote the innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises,but the increase of enterprise R&D investment contributes more to the improvement of pharmaceutical innovation efficiency.展开更多
The Yangtze River Basin’s water resource utilization efficiency(WUE)and scientific and technological innovation level(STI)are closely connected,and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE an...The Yangtze River Basin’s water resource utilization efficiency(WUE)and scientific and technological innovation level(STI)are closely connected,and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE and promote local economic growth and conservation of water.This study uses 19 provinces and regions along the Yangtze River’s mainstream from 2009 to 2019 as its research objects and uses a Vector Auto Regression(VAR)model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination degree(CCD)between the two subsystems of WUE and STI.The findings show that:(1)Both the WUE and STI in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend during the study period,but the STI effectively lagged behind the WUE;(2)The CCD of the two subsystems generally showed an upward trend,and the CCD of each province was improved to varying degrees,but the majority of regions did not develop a high-quality coordination stage;(3)The CCD of the two systems displayed apparent positive spatial autocorrelation in the spatial correlation pattern,and there were only two types:high-high(H-H)urbanization areas and low-low(L-L)urbanization areas;(4)The STI showed no obvious response to the impact of the WUE,while the WUE responded greatly to the STI,and both of them were highly dependent on themselves.Optimizing their interaction mechanisms should be the primary focus of high-quality development in the basin of the Yangtze River in the future.These results give the government an empirical basis to enhance the WUE and promote regional sustainable development.展开更多
Process manufacturing is going through a critical transformation in response to escalating demands for efficiency,sustainability,and intelligent innovation.With process manufacturing being characterized by complex wor...Process manufacturing is going through a critical transformation in response to escalating demands for efficiency,sustainability,and intelligent innovation.With process manufacturing being characterized by complex workflows and high resource consumption,the process manufacturing industry is under mounting pressure to optimize resource utilization,enhance intelligent design,reduce carbon emissions,and address emerging challenges in quality assurance,safety,and information integration.展开更多
基金supported by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Program,China (20240602032RC)the Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project,China (CXGC2024ZD001)+1 种基金the Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project,China (CXGC2024ZY012)the Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission-Project for Improving the Independent Innovation Capacity of Major Grain Crops,China (2024C002)。
文摘Emerging and powerful genome editing tools,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,are facilitating functional genomics research and accelerating crop improvement(Jiang et al.2021;Cao et al.2023;Chen C et al.2023;Liu et al.2023a).However,the detection and screening of transgenic lines remain major bottlenecks,being time-consuming,labor-intensive,and inefficient during transformation and subsequent mutation identification.A simple and efficient visual marker system plays a critical role in addressing these challenges.Recent studies demonstrated that the GmW1 and RUBY reporter systems were used to obtain visual transgenic soybean(Glycine max) plants(Chen L et al.2023;Chen et al.2024).
文摘Necessary actions should be taken to ensure stock market efficiency;thus,financial innovation-based criteria that affect stock market efficiency should be improved.However,simultaneously improving all criteria is difficult;therefore,performing priority analysis is important for carrying out this process effectively and efficiently.Accordingly,this study aims to evaluate the financial innovation-based characteristics of stock market efficiency.This study’s main research question within this framework is identifying which factors should be prioritized to improve the stock market.In this scope,we created a novel fuzzy decision-making model consisting of two stages.First,selected criteria for the financial innovation-based characteristics of stock market efficiency are weighted.In this process,quantum spherical fuzzy sets based on DEMATEL are considered.In the second stage,selected economies are ranked using the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)approach.This study’s main contribution is that the DEMATEL technique in calculating criterion weights in the decision-making analysis process provides some advantages.With the help of this situation,the causal directions between these items can be considered;thus,it is possible to determine the most accurate strategies.The findings demonstrate that providing tax advantages is the most important factor in ensuring stock market efficiency.Moreover,the excellence of the financial system is critical in ensuring stock market efficiency.In this context,it is possible to provide tax advantages,especially for long-term investments.Thus,long-term investments can be increased,significantly increasing the market’s stability.
文摘The modernization of the Traditional East Medicine industry has increasingly emphasized the role of collaborative innovation across the entire industrial chain.This paper investigates the mechanisms by which experts in cultivation,processing,R&D,production,and clinical application interact to enhance overall efficiency.By analyzing the bottlenecks in resource allocation,knowledge integration,and institutional design,the study proposes a comprehensive framework of collaborative mechanisms.The results highlight that multi-dimensional collaboration not only improves innovation efficiency but also accelerates the translation of scientific research into industrial outcomes.The findings provide theoretical support and practical implications for improving the synergy of experts in the Traditional East Medicine industry and contribute to the sustainable development of traditional medicine under modern industrial demands.
文摘Strong provincial capital is an important initiative for underdeveloped regions to realize rapid regional economic development through leading by point,which is related to the overall situation of China's economic high-quality development.This paper theoretically analyzes the internal mechanism of strong provincial capitals affecting regional innovation efficiency.The study finds that the policy of strong provincial capitals promotes the formation of the resource aggregation effect in the capital cities,attracts talents,technologies,policies,and capital and other factors,improves the efficiency and quality of innovation,and drives the development of neighboring regions.However,over-implementation of the policy will lead to a large number of big enterprises,"which will lead to rent-seeking,waste of resources,crowding out of government subsidies and congestion effects,inhibit innovation,and lead to the loss of innovation factors in peripheral cities,dragging down the innovation level of the whole province.Therefore,the relationship between strong provincial capitals and innovation is an inverted"U"shape,and this study is of great significance for understanding the double-edged sword effect of strong provincial capitals and formulating scientific regional innovation policies.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China Youth Fund Project[Grant No.72204247].
文摘Strategically improving carbon emission efficiency(CEE)through digital intelligence technology innovation(DITI)is imperative to capitalize on emerging opportunities for economic decarbonization and low-carbon green development.This study employs panel data from 283 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2021 to examine the influence of DITI on urban CEE.The findings suggest the following:①DITI is crucial in enhancing CEE,and it exerts spatial spillover effects on neighboring areas.②Following the transition to a low-carbon energy system,DITI is instrumental in enhancing CEE by reducing the energy consumption scale,optimizing the energy consumption structure,and controlling the energy consumption intensity.③DITI has varying effects on CEE when subjected to multidimensional regulations,including fiscal pressure,fiscal decentralization,private economics,and entrepreneurial vitality.④The beneficial impact of DITI on CEE is more pronounced in regions with high economic growth,low natural resource endowments,high digital resource endowments,and in cities in central China.This study emphasizes DITI’s crucial role in promoting a low-carbon,green circular,and energy-efficient digital economy.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42571228,42401212)National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2024MD022)。
文摘Green innovation is an important driving force for high-quality development and an important guarantee for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China.However,research on green innovation is still insufficient.Using the super-efficiency epsilon-based measure Malmquist model,kernel density estimation,and spatial econometric model,this study investigated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency(GIE)in Northeast China from 2005 to 2020.The results reveal that:1)The GIE in Northeast China has obvious phased characteristics,where 2005-2011 was a period of fluctuating decline while 2012-2020 was a period of fluctuating increase,reflecting the severe resource and environmental constraints faced by the green innovation process.2)The GIE in the Northeast China has a significant spatial dependence,which has not formed a relatively stable spatial club feature.The process for improving the GIE in the Northeast China in the future is still arduous and far off.3)The interweaving and mutual influence of nonequilibrium factors have led to the diversity and complexity of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of GIE.Overall,the level of economic development and industrial structure has a positive effect,while foreign investment and industrial agglomeration have a negative effect.The direct effects of government regulation,resource endowment,science and technology,environmental regulation,and urbanization are not significant.The research conclusion of this article can provide important reference for the revitalization of Northeast China.
基金Funding Statement:This research was conducted as part of the Tech4You Project“Technologies for climate change adaptation and quality of life improvement”,n.ECS0000009,CUP H23C22000370006,Italian PNRR,Mission 4,Component 2,Investment 1.5 funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU.
文摘Indoor air quality(IAQ)is often overlooked,yet a poorly maintained environment can lead to significant health issues and reduced concentration and productivity in work or educational settings.This study presents an innovative control system for mechanical ventilation specifically designed for university classrooms,with the dual goal of enhancing IAQ and increasing energy efficiency.Two classrooms with distinct construction characteristics were analyzed:one with exterior walls and windows,and the other completely underground.For each classroom,a model was developed using DesignBuilder software,which was calibrated with experimental data regarding CO_(2) concentration,temperature,and relative humidity levels.The proposed ventilation system operates based on CO_(2) concentration,relative humidity,and potential for free heating and cooling.In addition,the analysis was conducted for other locations,demonstrating consistent energy savings across different climates and environments,always showing an annual reduction in energy consumption.Results demonstrate that mechanical ventilation,when integrated with heat recovery and free cooling strategies,significantly reduces energy consumption by up to 25%,while also maintaining optimal CO_(2) levels to enhance comfort and air quality.These findings emphasize the essential need for well-designed mechanical ventilation systems to ensure both psychophysical well-being and IAQ in enclosed spaces,particularly in environments intended for extended occupancy,such as classrooms.Furthermore,this approach has broad applicability,as it could be adapted to various building types,thereby contributing to sustainable energy management practices and promoting healthier indoor spaces.This study serves as a model for future designs aiming to balance energy efficiency with indoor air quality,especially relevant in the post-COVID era,where the importance of indoor air quality has become more widely recognized.
基金supported by National Social Science Foundation of China "Quality of China's Tourism Economic Growth and Its Spatial Analysis"[Grant number:17FGL005]Social Science Planning Fund Program of Shandong Province "Research on the Mechanism of Dynamic Energy Conversion to Promote the Optimization of Tourism Industrial Structure in Shandong Province"[Grant Number:17CLYJ40]Social Science Planning Fund Program of Qingdao City "The Way of Improving the Quality of Tourism Economic Growth in Qingdao"[Grant Number:QDSKLl701014]
文摘Industrial agglomeration is an essential and effective way to integrate resources and elements. Its impact on the green innovation efficiency of the tourism industry is a process of continuous development and dynamic change. This paper, based on the provincial panel data from 2006 to 2015, uses super SBM model to measure the green innovation efficiency of China's tourism industry.The threshold regression model is employed to conduct empirical tests of the nonlinear threshold effect of agglomeration on the green innovation efficiency of tourism industry. The inter-provincial differences of various threshold effects and their possible causes are analyzed. Results indicate that the green innovation efficiency of China's tourism industry is generally growing, while regional disparity is significant with a gradient decrease along the eastern-central-western regions. There is an obvious positive nonlinear relationship between tourism agglomeration and green innovation efficiency. It is also found that with the increase of agglomeration, its influence is at a high level. As the level of agglomeration crosses the first threshold, its impact is at a low level, and when it crosses the second threshold, the impact of tourism agglomeration is at an intermediate level. Finally, this paper proposes the basic path and some policy recommendations to promote the green innovation efficiency of the tourism industry in China.
基金supported by the Humanities and Social Science project of Ministry of Education of China[Grant Number:16YJA790036]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Number:71503272]
文摘This paper first constructed a system to evaluate the innovation efficiency of industrial companies within China's Mainland.Then,a principal component analysis(PCA) was performed to these indicators for dimensionality reduction,so as to figure out the technology innovation efficiency in these two phases,respectively.Finally,the overall efficiency of industrial companies in different regions was estimated and factorized via data envelopment analysis(DEA).The results showed that:(1)the efficiency of green technology innovation of industrial companies in China was relatively low as a whole,which mainly resulted from pure technical efficiency(PTE).Further,this huge gap continues to expand in these regions.And both PTE and scale efficiency(SE) in central and western regions leave much to be expected.(2)In the first phase of green technology development,when environmental factors were concerned,the efficiency was much lower than that without environmental considerations.Besides,the central and western regions were facing increasingly severe environmental problems,and there was a wide disparity in technology development efficiency among eastern,central,and western regions.(3)In the second phase of green technology commercialization,there were still more rooms for improvement in raising the efficiency of green technology innovation,and the efficiency in eastern,central,and western regions was ranked from highest to lowest.(4)Liaoning,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Xinjiang,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Yunnan,and Qinghai should focus on improving their technology;Jilin,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Guangxi should make their efforts to reduce resource redundancy;whereas Ningxia and Gansu should try to solve the above two issues.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971222)Planning Project of Philosophy and Social Science in Henan Province(No.2019BJJ019)+2 种基金Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.21IRTSTHN008)Graduate Education Quality Curriculum Construction Project of Henan Province(No.HNYJS2016KC24)First Class Discipline Development Project in Henan University(No.2019YLZDYJ12)。
文摘Agricultural innovation is important for the green transformation of agriculture.Based on the perspective of technology transformation,this paper builds a theoretical analysis framework and evaluation index system for green efficiency of agricultural innovation,and discusses the evolution laws and influencing factors of the green efficiency of China’s agricultural innovation from 2005 to 2017 utilizing the DEA model,Malmquist index,and Tobit regression analysis.The results show that:1)The overall green efficiency of China’s agricultural innovation is not high,the green efficiency of agricultural innovation in eastern China is mainly driven by pure technical efficiency,while that in central and western China is mainly driven by the scale efficiency.The green efficiency of agricultural innovation shows significant spatial differences,and the low efficiency and relatively low-efficiency regions moved to central and southeastern China.2)Technical progress is the main force affecting the change of green total factor productivity of China’s agricultural innovation,seeing a trend of decrease followed by an increase.Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency exhibit an increasing-decreasing trend,and gradually transform into key factors that restrict the improvement of the green total factor productivity of agricultural innovation.3)Agricultural technologies’diffusion,absorption,and implementation are three influencing factors of the green efficiency of agricultural innovation.The local level of informatization,the number of agricultural technicians in enterprises and institutions,average education level of residents,and the level of agricultural mechanization have positive impacts on the promotion of the green efficiency of agricultural innovation,promoting the diffusion,absorption and implementation of agricultural innovation technology can significantly improve the green efficiency of agricultural innovation.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971158)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20BJL106)+1 种基金Cultural Experts and Four batches Talents Independently Selected Topic Project(No.ZXGZ[2018]86)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX21_0357)。
文摘The 14th Five-Year Plan period is a critical period for China to achieve high-quality development. Based on super-efficiency slacks-based measure(SBM) model, grey-related analysis(GRA) and other models, this paper studies the heterogeneity of the coupling relationship among technological innovation, industrial transformation and environmental efficiency in the Huaihai Economic Zone during the period of 2005-2019. In addition, it analyzes the coupling mechanism of single and binary systems to the ternary system, which is of great significance for the collaborative symbiosis among systems. The findings are as follows. 1) The technological innovation, industrial transformation and environmental efficiency(TIE) systems of the Huaihai Economic Zone had significant spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Although their evaluation value fluctuated, the development trends are all positive. Ultimately, technological innovation is characterized by being high in the northeast and low in the southwest around Xuzhou, while other systems are relatively staggered in space. 2) The coupling of TIE systems is in transition, lack of orderly integration and benign interaction. However, the developing trend of interaction is also upward, and a spatial pattern driven by Xuzhou and Linyi as the dual cores has gradually formed. Moreover, the coupling is mostly manifested as outdated technological innovation and industrial transformation. Except for the final coordination of regenerative cities, the other resource types are all in transition. Cities in all traffic locations are still in transition. The overall system interaction of cities on Longhai Line(Lanzhou-Lianyungang Railway) is relatively optimal, and cities on Xinshi Line(Xinxiang-Rizhao Railway) are accelerating toward synergy. 3) The coupling status of TIE systems depends on the development of the single system and the interaction of the binary(2E) system. The coupling is closely related to technological innovation and Technology-Industry system,and is hindered by the inefficient interaction of Technology-Environment system. Specifically, the synergy of regenerative cities is attributed to the advantage of a single system and the effective integration of 2E systems. Beneficial from the advantages of environmental efficiency, the cities on Xinshi Line promote the synergy of the 2E and TIE systems. Therefore, while the Huaihai Economic Zone stimulates the development potential of the single and 2E systems, it is necessary to amplify the superimposition effect of systems in accordance on the basis of resource and location.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62073112 and 61673151)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LGF18F030007).
文摘A flurry of studies indicates that population size has a positive effect on innovation,however,cross-country empirical evidence remains sparse.In this paper,we add to the literature by investigating the relationship between population size and innovation efficiency at the country level through constructing three relative indexes based on the datasets of patent applications and Research and Development(R&D)investment.Different from previous studies based on absolute innovation indicators,the relative indexes can reflect the core innovation efficiency of economies by excluding the impact from the difference of economic development level,with a view putting all economies into a comparable standard framework.For all of the three relative indexes,their long-term trends show significant correlations with population size,and the economy with a larger population usually has better and stable performance on the trends of innovation efficiency.In addition,we find that there is a critical population size,over which the economy would be more likely to have a spontaneous improvement on innovation efficiency.This study provides direct evidence in supporting the population size advantage on the trends of innovation efficiency at the economy level and provides new insight to understand the rapid development of innovation in a few populous countries.
基金This research is supported by Shanxi Province Philosophy and Social Science Project(Grant No.W20191012)Shanxi province Soft Science Project(Grant No.2019041015-1).
文摘Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In this paper,the green development efficiency of 30 provinces(cities and districts)in China from 2004 to 2017 is measured and its intertemporal changes,regional differences of green development efficiency are analyzed by using the super efficiency SBM model,further through theoretical analysis and empirical study,the influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency and its impact mechanism are investigated.The influence mechanisms of the technological innovation on green development efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis.The results show that during the observation period,the green development efficiency in China exhibits a U-shaped variation,but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions,and that technological innovation has some effect in promoting the regional green development efficiency,but not significant enough,which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.72163018]the Yunnan College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program[Grant No.S202310674173]the Yunnan Province Basic Research Program General Project[Grant No.202401AT070393].
文摘The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020 and empirically examines the effect and internal mechanism of the NIIDZ on green economic efficiency(GEE)using the difference-in-difference model(DID).The results show that the NIIDZ effectively enhances the growth of GEE,and the results remain valid through several robustness tests,such as year-by-year propensity score matching.The transmission mechanism suggests that the NIIDZ indirectly drives GEE by accelerating scientific and technological investment,promoting talent concentration,and optimizing the industrial structure.Moreover,heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of the NIIDZ on GEE is more prominent in the eastern region and high green development level areas.The study’s findings can serve as a reference for China to further utilize the policy effectiveness of the NIIDZ and accelerate the high-quality development of the green economy in the future.
文摘On the basis of the definition of technological innovation and efficiency,based on the DEA method,this paper takes the panel data of 20 listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2015 as samples,evaluating the technological innovation efficiency of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.Finally,it sums up and puts forward effective countermeasures to improve the technological innovation of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.It is hoped that it will play a guiding role in the technological innovation activities of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.
文摘Based on the statistical data of eight sub-sectors of equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province from 2012-2016,DEA and Malmquist index were used to give the static and dynamic evaluation of technological innovation efficiency.The results show that the overall technological innovation efficiency of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry is higher due to the high pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.As the technical regress and inefficient allocation of resources deepened,the total factor productivity of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry presents a dropped tendency.According to the innovation efficiency and its changes,different industries should adopt the specific development strategies.
文摘Based on the background of modern development, if each enterprise wants to achieve the sustainable development goal as soon as possible, it must emphasize the importance of management innovation. Through a series of modern management methods, it can ensure that the enterprise can obtain the maximum economic benefits with the least investment in economic costs and steadily occupy an important share of the market. In this regard, the article focuses on several specific measures for management innovation to promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement of enterprises, hoping to provide some reference for relevant people.
基金Liaoning Science Public Welfare Research Fund(Soft Science Research Program)in 2022(No.2022JH4/10100040).
文摘Objective To study the effect of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on innovation efficiency of China’s pharmaceutical industry.Methods Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019,the stochastic frontier analysis method was used to study the influence of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on the innovation efficiency.Results and Conclusion With 1%increase in government R&D funding,the innovation efficiency of enterprises will increase by 0.122%.When R&D investment increases by 1%,innovation efficiency will increase by 0.169%.Both government R&D funding and enterprise R&D investment promote the innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises,but the increase of enterprise R&D investment contributes more to the improvement of pharmaceutical innovation efficiency.
基金funded by the Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission(23SKJD111)Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission(KJQN202101122 and KJQN201904002)+6 种基金Project of Chongqing Higher Education Association(CQGJ21B057)Chongqing Graduate Education Teaching Reform Research Project(yjg223121)Chongqing Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project(233337)Higher Education Research Project,Chongqing University of Technology(2022ZD01)Annual project of the“14th Five-Year Plan”for National Business Education in 2022(SKKT-22015)Party Building and Ideological and Political Project,Chongqing University of Technology(2022DJ307)Chongqing University of Technology Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project(2021YB21).
文摘The Yangtze River Basin’s water resource utilization efficiency(WUE)and scientific and technological innovation level(STI)are closely connected,and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE and promote local economic growth and conservation of water.This study uses 19 provinces and regions along the Yangtze River’s mainstream from 2009 to 2019 as its research objects and uses a Vector Auto Regression(VAR)model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination degree(CCD)between the two subsystems of WUE and STI.The findings show that:(1)Both the WUE and STI in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend during the study period,but the STI effectively lagged behind the WUE;(2)The CCD of the two subsystems generally showed an upward trend,and the CCD of each province was improved to varying degrees,but the majority of regions did not develop a high-quality coordination stage;(3)The CCD of the two systems displayed apparent positive spatial autocorrelation in the spatial correlation pattern,and there were only two types:high-high(H-H)urbanization areas and low-low(L-L)urbanization areas;(4)The STI showed no obvious response to the impact of the WUE,while the WUE responded greatly to the STI,and both of them were highly dependent on themselves.Optimizing their interaction mechanisms should be the primary focus of high-quality development in the basin of the Yangtze River in the future.These results give the government an empirical basis to enhance the WUE and promote regional sustainable development.
文摘Process manufacturing is going through a critical transformation in response to escalating demands for efficiency,sustainability,and intelligent innovation.With process manufacturing being characterized by complex workflows and high resource consumption,the process manufacturing industry is under mounting pressure to optimize resource utilization,enhance intelligent design,reduce carbon emissions,and address emerging challenges in quality assurance,safety,and information integration.
