While the relation between shyness and problematic social media use(PSMU)among adolescents has been established,the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unexplored.The present...While the relation between shyness and problematic social media use(PSMU)among adolescents has been established,the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unexplored.The present study examined whether psychological insecurity mediated the association between shyness and adolescents’PSMU and whether this mediation was moderated by relational-interdependent self-construal(RISC).A total of 1506 Chinese adolescents(Mage=13.74 years,SD=0.98)filled out self-report measures of shyness,psychological insecurity,RISC,and PSMU.SPSS(version 23.0)and the PROCESS macro(version 4.1)were employed to test the proposed model.Mediation analyses indicated that psychological insecurity mediated the association between shyness and adolescent PSMU.Furthermore,moderated mediation tests revealed that RISC moderated thefirst half of the mediation path,whereby RISC ameliorated the detrimental effects of shyness on psychological insecurity,consequently reducing the risk of PSMU.The present study provides further evidence on the mediating and moderating mechanisms between shyness and PSMU,which has important implications for the prevention and intervention of PSMU.For adolescents who exhibited pronounced shyness and low levels of RISC,a promising strategy for mitigating their PSMU would be interventions designed to cultivate social skills,alleviate psychological insecurity,and enhance their RISC.展开更多
Objectives:The statistics from World Health Organization show a high incidence of childhood maltreatment which has a negative impact on the development of middle school students;for this reason,it is necessary to inve...Objectives:The statistics from World Health Organization show a high incidence of childhood maltreatment which has a negative impact on the development of middle school students;for this reason,it is necessary to investigate the potential harms of childhood maltreatment.This study aimed to explore the direct negative consequences of childhood maltreatment on subjective well-being as well as the mediating roles of shyness and emotion regulation strategies.Methods:A random cluster sampling survey was conducted among 1021 Chinese middle school students(male 49.2%,female 50.8%).The Subjective Well-Being Scale(SWLS),The Positive affect and Negative affect scale(PANAS),and The Childhood Trauma were adopted Questionnaire-28 item Short Form(CTQ-SF),the Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale(RCBS),and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ)for data collection.SPSS PROCESS macros were used for data analysis.Results:The findings demonstrated that:(a)childhood maltreatment was negatively correlated with subjective well-being(r=−0.482,p<0.001);(b)shyness(β=−0.141,95%CI=[−0.190,−0.097])and the two emotion regulation strategies,namely cognitive reappraisal(β=−0.120,95%CI=[−0.167,−0.079])and expression suppression(β=−0.034,95%CI=[−0.063,−0.010]),partially mediated the association between childhood maltreatment and subjective well-being separately;(c)shyness and the two emotion regulation strategies partially mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and subjective well-being in a sequential pattern(β=−0.026,95%CI=[−0.041,−0.015];β=−0.022,95%CI=[−0.035,−0.012]).Conclusion:These findings provide new perspectives and strategies to understand and deal with children’s mental health problems.It shows that the intervention of shyness and emotion regulation strategies in adolescents is of great significance to improve individual subjective happiness.展开更多
A random sample of 535 children was selected by cluster random sampling.The shyness level and parenting style of parents and shyness level of children were investigated.The results indicated that there was a positive ...A random sample of 535 children was selected by cluster random sampling.The shyness level and parenting style of parents and shyness level of children were investigated.The results indicated that there was a positive correlation between parent shyness and child shyness,and there was a negative correlation between the child shyness and the authoritative parenting style.Mother shyness has a positive effect on different gender child shyness,but father shyness can only positively predict boy's shyness.The authoritarian parenting style has a negative predictive effect on boy's shyness.The authoritative parenting style could significantly enhance the influence of parent shyness on child shyness.展开更多
The current study investigated the parenting style, self-perception, and shyness level of 1,338 junior high school students, so as to explore relationships between these variables. Results indicated that （1） The lev...The current study investigated the parenting style, self-perception, and shyness level of 1,338 junior high school students, so as to explore relationships between these variables. Results indicated that （1） The levels of the unassuming shyness, shyness when facing negative evaluation are higher than other dimensions of shyness; （2） The acceptance/involvement and strictness/supervision are negatively related with shyness; the acceptance/participation and strictness/supervision are positively correlated with self-perception; self-perception was negatively related with shyness; and （3） Parents＇ acceptance/participation can indirectly affect shyness through the self-perception; parents＇ strictness/supervision can affect shyness directly and indirectly through the self-perception.展开更多
AIM To explore the association between metacognitive beliefs,rumination and shyness in a non-clinical sample of adults.METHODS One hundred and three healthy subjects from the general population were enrolled in the st...AIM To explore the association between metacognitive beliefs,rumination and shyness in a non-clinical sample of adults.METHODS One hundred and three healthy subjects from the general population were enrolled in the study.Shyness was evaluated using the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale,rumination was assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale,metacognition was evaluated using the MetaCognitions Questionnaire 30,and anxiety levels were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y.Correlation analyses,mediation models and 95%bias-corrected and accelerated(BCaCI)bootstrapped analyses were performed.Mediation analyses were adjusted for sex and anxiety.RESULTS Shyness,rumination and metacognition were significantly correlated(P<0.05).The relationship between metacognition and shyness was fully mediated by rumination(Indirect effect:0.20;95%BCaCI:0.08-0.33).CONCLUSION These findings suggest an association between metacognition and shyness.Rumination mediated the relationship between metacognition and shyness,suggesting that rumination could be a cognitive strategy for shy people.Future research should explore the relationship between these constructs in more depth.展开更多
In this study,990 preschool children of 3-to 6-year-old were selected as participants to explore the influence of shyness and unsociability on peer play behavior in preschool children,focusing on the mediating and mod...In this study,990 preschool children of 3-to 6-year-old were selected as participants to explore the influence of shyness and unsociability on peer play behavior in preschool children,focusing on the mediating and moderating roles of playfulness.The study employed the Child Social Preference Scale,Children’s Playfulness Scale,and Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale to assess the variables.The findings indicate that preschool children’s shyness and unsociability negatively predict their play interaction and positively predict their play disruption and play disconnection.Playfulness partially mediates and moderates the relationships between shyness and unsociability with peer play behavior.To promote the social development of shy and unsociable preschool children,it is imperative for teachers and parents to respect and accept the characteristics of children,guide them in adopting positive problem-solving strategies,and improve their playfulness.展开更多
I'll close my eyes and count to ten!1,2,3...Ready or not,here I come!Hey,Please call me the fashion goat!I have nice long hair,but I'm shy.So don't look at me like that.
Mrs.Zhang is the first teacher who made me love languages.Before she taught me I had never enjoyed speaking a foreign language.Like most children,I was shy and wasn't interested in any foreign language at all.
According to Philip G.Zimbardo,professor of psychology at Stanford University,author of Shyness:What It Is,What to Do About It,and pioneer researcher into
所谓“羞涩’(shyness),在国人看来,似乎是儿童和少女的“专利”心态,而且还朦胧地折射着一种含蓄美。其实,以上认识如果不是愚味的,至少也是无知的——读了本文我们会得出这样的结论:羞涩,是一心理障碍,而且并不随着年龄的增长而自然消...所谓“羞涩’(shyness),在国人看来,似乎是儿童和少女的“专利”心态,而且还朦胧地折射着一种含蓄美。其实,以上认识如果不是愚味的,至少也是无知的——读了本文我们会得出这样的结论:羞涩,是一心理障碍,而且并不随着年龄的增长而自然消除,更有甚者,在现实生活中,息这种心理障碍的人比我们想象的要多得多: Often mistakenly regarded as a childhood stage that people outgrow (因长大而自然摆脱),skyness is surprisingly widespread. 也许是笔者孤陋寡闻,在我们的书店里很少见到有“克服羞涩”为主题的小册子,而在美国则不为鲜见,仅本文就列举了4册！而美国人中患羞涩心理障碍的人数对我们来说简直是一个天文数字: … and found that approximately 40 percent of this sample describedthemselves as shy.… places the figure at 48 percent.That could mean that about 117 millionpeople-nearly half of all Americans-are shy. 羞涩无药可治,却有法可疗: 1.记录羞涩,寻根探源 下面这句话初读费解,再读则让人深思: We know more about ourselves than we think we know.(我们比想象的更了解我们自己。)因为:… and it’s often surprising what comes out when we write down our thoughtsand展开更多
基金supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Zhejiang Province,China(No.20NDQN266YB).
文摘While the relation between shyness and problematic social media use(PSMU)among adolescents has been established,the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unexplored.The present study examined whether psychological insecurity mediated the association between shyness and adolescents’PSMU and whether this mediation was moderated by relational-interdependent self-construal(RISC).A total of 1506 Chinese adolescents(Mage=13.74 years,SD=0.98)filled out self-report measures of shyness,psychological insecurity,RISC,and PSMU.SPSS(version 23.0)and the PROCESS macro(version 4.1)were employed to test the proposed model.Mediation analyses indicated that psychological insecurity mediated the association between shyness and adolescent PSMU.Furthermore,moderated mediation tests revealed that RISC moderated thefirst half of the mediation path,whereby RISC ameliorated the detrimental effects of shyness on psychological insecurity,consequently reducing the risk of PSMU.The present study provides further evidence on the mediating and moderating mechanisms between shyness and PSMU,which has important implications for the prevention and intervention of PSMU.For adolescents who exhibited pronounced shyness and low levels of RISC,a promising strategy for mitigating their PSMU would be interventions designed to cultivate social skills,alleviate psychological insecurity,and enhance their RISC.
基金Funded by the scientific research project of Hunan Department of Education(23A0098).
文摘Objectives:The statistics from World Health Organization show a high incidence of childhood maltreatment which has a negative impact on the development of middle school students;for this reason,it is necessary to investigate the potential harms of childhood maltreatment.This study aimed to explore the direct negative consequences of childhood maltreatment on subjective well-being as well as the mediating roles of shyness and emotion regulation strategies.Methods:A random cluster sampling survey was conducted among 1021 Chinese middle school students(male 49.2%,female 50.8%).The Subjective Well-Being Scale(SWLS),The Positive affect and Negative affect scale(PANAS),and The Childhood Trauma were adopted Questionnaire-28 item Short Form(CTQ-SF),the Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale(RCBS),and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ)for data collection.SPSS PROCESS macros were used for data analysis.Results:The findings demonstrated that:(a)childhood maltreatment was negatively correlated with subjective well-being(r=−0.482,p<0.001);(b)shyness(β=−0.141,95%CI=[−0.190,−0.097])and the two emotion regulation strategies,namely cognitive reappraisal(β=−0.120,95%CI=[−0.167,−0.079])and expression suppression(β=−0.034,95%CI=[−0.063,−0.010]),partially mediated the association between childhood maltreatment and subjective well-being separately;(c)shyness and the two emotion regulation strategies partially mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and subjective well-being in a sequential pattern(β=−0.026,95%CI=[−0.041,−0.015];β=−0.022,95%CI=[−0.035,−0.012]).Conclusion:These findings provide new perspectives and strategies to understand and deal with children’s mental health problems.It shows that the intervention of shyness and emotion regulation strategies in adolescents is of great significance to improve individual subjective happiness.
文摘A random sample of 535 children was selected by cluster random sampling.The shyness level and parenting style of parents and shyness level of children were investigated.The results indicated that there was a positive correlation between parent shyness and child shyness,and there was a negative correlation between the child shyness and the authoritative parenting style.Mother shyness has a positive effect on different gender child shyness,but father shyness can only positively predict boy's shyness.The authoritarian parenting style has a negative predictive effect on boy's shyness.The authoritative parenting style could significantly enhance the influence of parent shyness on child shyness.
文摘The current study investigated the parenting style, self-perception, and shyness level of 1,338 junior high school students, so as to explore relationships between these variables. Results indicated that （1） The levels of the unassuming shyness, shyness when facing negative evaluation are higher than other dimensions of shyness; （2） The acceptance/involvement and strictness/supervision are negatively related with shyness; the acceptance/participation and strictness/supervision are positively correlated with self-perception; self-perception was negatively related with shyness; and （3） Parents＇ acceptance/participation can indirectly affect shyness through the self-perception; parents＇ strictness/supervision can affect shyness directly and indirectly through the self-perception.
文摘AIM To explore the association between metacognitive beliefs,rumination and shyness in a non-clinical sample of adults.METHODS One hundred and three healthy subjects from the general population were enrolled in the study.Shyness was evaluated using the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale,rumination was assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale,metacognition was evaluated using the MetaCognitions Questionnaire 30,and anxiety levels were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y.Correlation analyses,mediation models and 95%bias-corrected and accelerated(BCaCI)bootstrapped analyses were performed.Mediation analyses were adjusted for sex and anxiety.RESULTS Shyness,rumination and metacognition were significantly correlated(P<0.05).The relationship between metacognition and shyness was fully mediated by rumination(Indirect effect:0.20;95%BCaCI:0.08-0.33).CONCLUSION These findings suggest an association between metacognition and shyness.Rumination mediated the relationship between metacognition and shyness,suggesting that rumination could be a cognitive strategy for shy people.Future research should explore the relationship between these constructs in more depth.
基金Acknowledgments： This research was funded by projects of humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education of China （12YJC 190004, 12YJC 190009）, by project of National Social Science Foundation of China （13BSH061 ） and Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Shandong province （2013GSFI 1802） and the Program for Excellent Young Teachers in Hangzhou Normal University （HNUEYT2011-01-002）, Scientific Research Projects of Heze University in 2014 （XYI4SK02）, the Key Discipline Construction Program of 12th Five-year Plan of Shandong province （Developmental and Educational Psychology）.
基金This research was funded by project of National Social Science Foundation of China （13BSH061）, Science and Technology Development Plan Projects of Shandong Province （2013GSF11802）. The Key Discipline Construction Program of 12th Five-year Plan of Shandong province （Developmental and Educational Psychology）. And by two projects of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China （12YJC190004, 12YJC190009）.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China in 2022“Study on the Effect of Media on the Prosociality of Children and Guiding Strategies”(No.22BSH091).
文摘In this study,990 preschool children of 3-to 6-year-old were selected as participants to explore the influence of shyness and unsociability on peer play behavior in preschool children,focusing on the mediating and moderating roles of playfulness.The study employed the Child Social Preference Scale,Children’s Playfulness Scale,and Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale to assess the variables.The findings indicate that preschool children’s shyness and unsociability negatively predict their play interaction and positively predict their play disruption and play disconnection.Playfulness partially mediates and moderates the relationships between shyness and unsociability with peer play behavior.To promote the social development of shy and unsociable preschool children,it is imperative for teachers and parents to respect and accept the characteristics of children,guide them in adopting positive problem-solving strategies,and improve their playfulness.
文摘I'll close my eyes and count to ten!1,2,3...Ready or not,here I come!Hey,Please call me the fashion goat!I have nice long hair,but I'm shy.So don't look at me like that.
文摘Mrs.Zhang is the first teacher who made me love languages.Before she taught me I had never enjoyed speaking a foreign language.Like most children,I was shy and wasn't interested in any foreign language at all.
文摘According to Philip G.Zimbardo,professor of psychology at Stanford University,author of Shyness:What It Is,What to Do About It,and pioneer researcher into
文摘所谓“羞涩’(shyness),在国人看来,似乎是儿童和少女的“专利”心态,而且还朦胧地折射着一种含蓄美。其实,以上认识如果不是愚味的,至少也是无知的——读了本文我们会得出这样的结论:羞涩,是一心理障碍,而且并不随着年龄的增长而自然消除,更有甚者,在现实生活中,息这种心理障碍的人比我们想象的要多得多: Often mistakenly regarded as a childhood stage that people outgrow (因长大而自然摆脱),skyness is surprisingly widespread. 也许是笔者孤陋寡闻,在我们的书店里很少见到有“克服羞涩”为主题的小册子,而在美国则不为鲜见,仅本文就列举了4册！而美国人中患羞涩心理障碍的人数对我们来说简直是一个天文数字: … and found that approximately 40 percent of this sample describedthemselves as shy.… places the figure at 48 percent.That could mean that about 117 millionpeople-nearly half of all Americans-are shy. 羞涩无药可治,却有法可疗: 1.记录羞涩,寻根探源 下面这句话初读费解,再读则让人深思: We know more about ourselves than we think we know.(我们比想象的更了解我们自己。)因为:… and it’s often surprising what comes out when we write down our thoughtsand
