Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this...Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this continuous changes in generation condition, the fault current level in network will be affected, this changes in fault current level will affect in the coordination between protection relays and to keep the coordination at right way, an adaptive protection system is required that can adaptive its setting according to generation changes, the fault current level in each case is evaluated using ETAP software, and the required relay setting in each case is also evaluated using Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm, and to select suitable setting which required in each condition, to select the active setting group of protection relay according to generation capacity, central protection unite can be used, and to improve protection stability and minimizing relays tripping time, a proposed method for selecting suitable backup relay is used, which leads to decrease relays tripping time and increase system stability, output settings for relays in all cases achieved our constrains.展开更多
This paper presents a novel integrated method for interactive characterization of fracture spacing in rock tunnel sections.The main procedure includes four steps:(1)Automatic extraction of fracture traces,(2)digitizat...This paper presents a novel integrated method for interactive characterization of fracture spacing in rock tunnel sections.The main procedure includes four steps:(1)Automatic extraction of fracture traces,(2)digitization of trace maps,(3)disconnection and grouping of traces,and(4)interactive measurement of fracture set spacing,total spacing,and surface rock quality designation(S-RQD)value.To evaluate the performance of the proposed method,sample images were obtained by employing a photogrammetrybased scheme in tunnel faces.Experiments were then conducted to determine the optimal parameter values(i.e.distance threshold,angle threshold,and number of fracture trace grouping)for characterizing rock fracture spacing.By applying the identified optimal parameters involved in the model,the proposed method could lead to excellent qualitative results to a new tunnel face.To perform a quantitative analysis,three methods(i.e.field,straightening,and the proposed method)were employed in the same study and comparisons were made.The proposed method agrees well with the field measurement in terms of the maximum and average values of measured spacing distribution.Overall,the proposed method has reasonably good accuracy and interactive advantage for estimating the ultimate fracture spacing and S-RQD.It can be a possible extension of existing methods for fracture spacing characterization for two-dimensional(2D)rock tunnel faces.展开更多
In this study a new hybrid aggregation operator named as the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid Choquet averaging（GIFHCA） operator is defined.Meantime,some desirable properties are studied, and several importan...In this study a new hybrid aggregation operator named as the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid Choquet averaging（GIFHCA） operator is defined.Meantime,some desirable properties are studied, and several important cases are examined.Furthermore,we define the generalized Shapley GIFHCA （GS-GIFHCA） operator,which does not only overall consider the importance of elements and their ordered positions,but also globally reflect the correlations among them and their ordered positions.In order to simplify the complexity of solving a fuzzy measure,we further define the generalizedλ-Shapley GIFHCA（GλS-GIFHCA） operator.展开更多
文摘Distributed generators now is widely used in electrical power networks, in some cases it works seasonally, and some types works at special weather conditions like photo voltaic systems and wind energy, and due to this continuous changes in generation condition, the fault current level in network will be affected, this changes in fault current level will affect in the coordination between protection relays and to keep the coordination at right way, an adaptive protection system is required that can adaptive its setting according to generation changes, the fault current level in each case is evaluated using ETAP software, and the required relay setting in each case is also evaluated using Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm, and to select suitable setting which required in each condition, to select the active setting group of protection relay according to generation capacity, central protection unite can be used, and to improve protection stability and minimizing relays tripping time, a proposed method for selecting suitable backup relay is used, which leads to decrease relays tripping time and increase system stability, output settings for relays in all cases achieved our constrains.
基金supported by Key Innovation Team Program of Innovation Talents Promotion Plan by Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)of China(Grant No.2016RA4059)Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Provincial Transportation Department(Grant No.25 of 2018)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Program(Grant No.20dz1202200).
文摘This paper presents a novel integrated method for interactive characterization of fracture spacing in rock tunnel sections.The main procedure includes four steps:(1)Automatic extraction of fracture traces,(2)digitization of trace maps,(3)disconnection and grouping of traces,and(4)interactive measurement of fracture set spacing,total spacing,and surface rock quality designation(S-RQD)value.To evaluate the performance of the proposed method,sample images were obtained by employing a photogrammetrybased scheme in tunnel faces.Experiments were then conducted to determine the optimal parameter values(i.e.distance threshold,angle threshold,and number of fracture trace grouping)for characterizing rock fracture spacing.By applying the identified optimal parameters involved in the model,the proposed method could lead to excellent qualitative results to a new tunnel face.To perform a quantitative analysis,three methods(i.e.field,straightening,and the proposed method)were employed in the same study and comparisons were made.The proposed method agrees well with the field measurement in terms of the maximum and average values of measured spacing distribution.Overall,the proposed method has reasonably good accuracy and interactive advantage for estimating the ultimate fracture spacing and S-RQD.It can be a possible extension of existing methods for fracture spacing characterization for two-dimensional(2D)rock tunnel faces.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71201089,71201110, 71071018 and 71271217)the Natural Science Foundation Youth Project of Shandong Province,China (ZR2012GQ005)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No. 20111101110036)
文摘In this study a new hybrid aggregation operator named as the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid Choquet averaging（GIFHCA） operator is defined.Meantime,some desirable properties are studied, and several important cases are examined.Furthermore,we define the generalized Shapley GIFHCA （GS-GIFHCA） operator,which does not only overall consider the importance of elements and their ordered positions,but also globally reflect the correlations among them and their ordered positions.In order to simplify the complexity of solving a fuzzy measure,we further define the generalizedλ-Shapley GIFHCA（GλS-GIFHCA） operator.
