This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in ...This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in existing models by unifying fuzzy logic,the consideration of bipolarity,and the ability to evaluate attributes on a multinary scale.The specific contributions of the FN-BS framework include:(1)a formal definition and settheoretic foundation,(2)the development of two innovative algorithms for solving decision-making(DM)problems,and(3)a comparative analysis demonstrating its superiority over established models.The proposed framework is applied to a real-world case study on selecting vaccination programs across multiple countries,showcasing consistent DM outcomes and exceptional adaptability to complex and uncertain scenarios.These results position FN-BS sets as a versatile and powerful tool for addressing dynamic DM challenges.展开更多
Urban transportation planning involves evaluating multiple conflicting criteria such as accessibility,cost-effectiveness,and environmental impact,often under uncertainty and incomplete information.These complex decisi...Urban transportation planning involves evaluating multiple conflicting criteria such as accessibility,cost-effectiveness,and environmental impact,often under uncertainty and incomplete information.These complex decisions require input from various stakeholders,including planners,policymakers,engineers,and community representatives,whose opinions may differ or contradict.Traditional decision-making approaches struggle to effectively handle such bipolar and multivalued expert evaluations.To address these challenges,we propose a novel decisionmaking framework based on Pythagorean fuzzy N-bipolar soft expert sets.This model allows experts to express both positive and negative opinions on a multinary scale,capturing nuanced judgments with higher accuracy.It introduces algebraic operations and a structured aggregation algorithm to systematically integrate and resolve conflicting expert inputs.Applied to a real-world case study,the framework evaluated five urban transport strategies based on key criteria,producing final scores as follows:improving public transit(−0.70),optimizing traffic signal timing(1.86),enhancing pedestrian infrastructure(3.10),expanding bike lanes(0.59),and implementing congestion pricing(0.77).The results clearly identify enhancing pedestrian infrastructure as the most suitable option,having obtained the highest final score of 3.10.Comparative analysis demonstrates the framework’s superior capability in modeling expert consensus,managing uncertainty,and supporting transparent multi-criteria group decision-making.展开更多
This study introduces a novel distance measure(DM)for(p,q,r)-spherical fuzzy sets((p,q,to improve decision-making in complex and uncertain environments.Many existing distance measures eitherr)-SFSs)fail to satisfy ess...This study introduces a novel distance measure(DM)for(p,q,r)-spherical fuzzy sets((p,q,to improve decision-making in complex and uncertain environments.Many existing distance measures eitherr)-SFSs)fail to satisfy essential axiomatic properties or produce unintuitive outcomes.To address these limitations,we propose a new three-dimensional divergence-based DM that ensures mathematical consistency,enhances the discrimination of information,and adheres to the axiomatic framework of distance theory.Building on this foundation,we construct a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)model that utilizes the proposed DM to evaluate and rank alternatives effectively.The applicability and robustness of the model are validated through a practical case study,demonstrating that it leads to more rational,consistent,and reliable decision outcomes compared to existing approaches.展开更多
Based on G-hulls and G-kernels under the meaning of G-methods on sets, we introduce the concepts of G-hull-closed sets, G-kernel-open sets, G-kernel-neighborhoods and G-kernel-derived sets, discuss some related proper...Based on G-hulls and G-kernels under the meaning of G-methods on sets, we introduce the concepts of G-hull-closed sets, G-kernel-open sets, G-kernel-neighborhoods and G-kernel-derived sets, discuss some related properties. In particular, we define pointwise G-methods, prove the consistency of G-closed sets and G-hull-closed sets, G-open sets and Gkernel-open sets, G-neighborhoods and G-kernel-neighborhoods, G-derived sets and G-kernelderived sets under this method, and enrich some results about G-closed sets, G-open sets,G-interiors, G-neighborhoods and G-derived sets in sets. At the same time, we put forward some problems for further research.展开更多
This paper presents a general framework for the study of relation-based intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets determined by two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators.By employing two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators I and J,I -l...This paper presents a general framework for the study of relation-based intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets determined by two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators.By employing two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators I and J,I -lower and J-upper approximations of intuitionistic fuzzy sets with respect to an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space are first defined.Properties of(I,J) -intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are then examined.The connections between special types of intuitionistic fuzzy relations and properties of (I,J)-intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators are also established.展开更多
The paper discusses the close-degree of rough fuzzy sets(RFS)and fuzzy rough sets(FRS),which is a measure of two RFS,two FRS close-level.Then it rescarchs interior product and outer product of RFS,FRS,introduces latti...The paper discusses the close-degree of rough fuzzy sets(RFS)and fuzzy rough sets(FRS),which is a measure of two RFS,two FRS close-level.Then it rescarchs interior product and outer product of RFS,FRS,introduces lattice-close-degree of RFS and FRS.On the base,we can get a new method of attribute reduction.展开更多
Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pP...Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such uncertainties.This study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and AND-operations.Some results related to these operations are also modified for pPyFHSS.Additionally,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and results.Lastly,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested system.The algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical models.Similarly,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.展开更多
Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification(RFFI)technology provides a means of identifying spurious signals.This technology has been widely used in solving Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast(ADS-B)signal spoo...Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification(RFFI)technology provides a means of identifying spurious signals.This technology has been widely used in solving Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast(ADS-B)signal spoofing problems.However,the effects of circuit changes over time often lead to a decline in identification accuracy within open-time set.This paper proposes an ADS-B transmitter identification method to solve the degradation of identification accuracy.First,a real-time data processing system is established to receive and store ADS-B signals to meet the conditions for open-time set.The system possesses the following functionalities:data collection,data parsing,feature extraction,and identity recognition.Subsequently,a two-dimensional TimeFrequency Feature Diagram(TFFD)is proposed as a signal pre-processing method.The TFFD is constructed from the received ADS-B signal and the reconstructed signal for input to the recognition model.Finally,incorporating a frequency offset layer into the Swin Transformer architecture,a novel recognition network framework is proposed.This integration can enhance the network recognition accuracy and robustness by tailoring to the specific characteristics of ADSB signals.Experimental results indicate that the proposed recognition architecture achieves recognition accuracy of 95.86%in closed-time set and 84.33%in open-time set,surpassing other algorithms.展开更多
Up to now, the study on the cardinal number of fuzzy sets has advanced at on pace since it is very hard to give it an appropriate definition. Althrough for it in [1], it is with some harsh terms and is not reasonable ...Up to now, the study on the cardinal number of fuzzy sets has advanced at on pace since it is very hard to give it an appropriate definition. Althrough for it in [1], it is with some harsh terms and is not reasonable as we point out in this paper. In the paper, we give a general definition of fuzzy cardinal numbers. Based on this definition, we not only obtain a large part of results with re spect to cardinal numbers, but also give a few of new properties of fuzzy cardinal numbers.展开更多
In this paper,we study the Bowen entropy of stable sets in positive entropy G-system of amenable group actions.The lower bound of the Bowen entropy of these sets are estimated.
A method with the fuzzy entropy for measuring fuzziness to fuzzy problem in rough sets is proposed. A new sort of the fuzzy entropy is given. The calculating formula and the equivalent expression method with the fuzzy...A method with the fuzzy entropy for measuring fuzziness to fuzzy problem in rough sets is proposed. A new sort of the fuzzy entropy is given. The calculating formula and the equivalent expression method with the fuzzy entropy in rough sets based on equivalence relation are provided, and the properties of the fuzzy entropy are proved. The fuzzy entropy based on equivalent relation is extended to generalize the fuzzy entropy based on general binary relation, and the calculating formula and the equivalent expression of the generalized fuzzy entropy are also given. Finally, an example illustrates the way for getting the fuzzy entropy. Results show that the fuzzy entropy can conveniently measure the fuzziness in rough sets.展开更多
Ensuring a sustainable and eco-friendly environment is essential for promoting a healthy and balanced social life.However,decision-making in such contexts often involves handling vague,imprecise,and uncertain informat...Ensuring a sustainable and eco-friendly environment is essential for promoting a healthy and balanced social life.However,decision-making in such contexts often involves handling vague,imprecise,and uncertain information.To address this challenge,this study presents a novel multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)approach based on picture fuzzy hypersoft sets(PFHSS),integrating the flexibility of Schweizer-Sklar triangular norm-based aggregation operators.The proposed aggregation mechanisms—weighted average and weighted geometric operators—are formulated using newly defined operational laws under the PFHSS framework and are proven to satisfy essential mathematical properties,such as idempotency,monotonicity,and boundedness.The decision-making model system-atically incorporates both benefit and cost-type criteria,enabling more nuanced evaluations in complex social or environmental decision problems.To enhance interpretability and practical relevance,the study conducts a sensitivity analysis on the Schweizer-Sklar parameter(Δ).The results show that varyingΔaffects the strictness of aggregation,thereby influencing the ranking stability of alternatives.A comparative analysis with existing fuzzy and hypersoft-based MCDM methods confirms the robustness,expressiveness,and adaptability of the proposed approach.Notably,the use of picture fuzzy sets allows for the inclusion of positive,neutral,and negative memberships,offering a richer representation of expert opinions compared to traditional models.A case study focused on green technology adoption for environmental sustainability illustrates the real-world applicability of the proposed method.The analysis confirms that the approach yields consistent and interpretable results,even under varying degrees of decision uncertainty.Overall,this work contributes an efficient and flexible MCDM tool that can support decision-makers in formulating policies aligned with sustainable and socially responsible outcomes.展开更多
Based on S-rough sets（singular rough sets）, this paper presents function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets）and its mathematical structures and features. Function S-rough sets has two forms： function one ...Based on S-rough sets（singular rough sets）, this paper presents function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets）and its mathematical structures and features. Function S-rough sets has two forms： function one direction S-rough sets （function one direction singular rough sets） and function two direction S-rough sets （function two direction singular rough sets）. This paper advances the relationship theorem of function S-rough sets and S-rough sets. Function S-rough sets is the general form of S-rough sets, and S-rough sets is the special ease of function S-rough sets. In this paper, applications of function S-rough sets in rough law mining-discovery of system are given. Function S-rough sets is a new research direction of rough sets and rough system.展开更多
Function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets） is defined on a -function equivalence class [u]. Function S-rough sets is the extension form of S-rough sets. By using the function S-rough sets, this paper gives...Function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets） is defined on a -function equivalence class [u]. Function S-rough sets is the extension form of S-rough sets. By using the function S-rough sets, this paper gives rough law generation model of a-function equivalence class, discussion on law mining and law discovery in systems, and application of law mining and law discovery in communication system. Function S-rough sets is a new theory and method in law mining research.展开更多
Local strong seismic activity shows the potential to closely follow a renewal process,which is inconsistent with the overall seismic activity that aligns with the Poisson process.Given that existing methods for synthe...Local strong seismic activity shows the potential to closely follow a renewal process,which is inconsistent with the overall seismic activity that aligns with the Poisson process.Given that existing methods for synthesizing stochastic seismic event sets cannot control local seismic activity,a method based on Monte Carlo simulations has been developed for synthesizing random seismic event sets where local strong earthquakes satisfy the renewal process.This method can synthesize seismic activities in a statistical area where the overall activity conforms to the Poisson process and the major seismic activities in local potential sources or faults follow the renewal process.This paper presents long-and short-scale approaches.The long-scale earthquake catalogs are suitable for reflecting the sequential characteristics of seismic activities.Meanwhile,the short-scale catalogs focus on the impacts of specific earthquake events within a group for a detailed understanding of hazards under certain conditions,making them suitable for studies on specific earthquake sequences and geological areas or situations requiring high temporal resolution.In the applications of shortscale sequences,we find that the equivalent occurrence rate method may overestimate the seismic hazard.This synthesis method for earthquake catalogs can simulate realistic seismic activities,thereby enhancing the accuracy of hazard analysis results and is suitable for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake insurance rate setting.展开更多
文摘This paper introduces fuzzy N-bipolar soft(FN-BS)sets,a novel mathematical framework designed to enhance multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)processes under uncertainty.The study addresses a significant limitation in existing models by unifying fuzzy logic,the consideration of bipolarity,and the ability to evaluate attributes on a multinary scale.The specific contributions of the FN-BS framework include:(1)a formal definition and settheoretic foundation,(2)the development of two innovative algorithms for solving decision-making(DM)problems,and(3)a comparative analysis demonstrating its superiority over established models.The proposed framework is applied to a real-world case study on selecting vaccination programs across multiple countries,showcasing consistent DM outcomes and exceptional adaptability to complex and uncertain scenarios.These results position FN-BS sets as a versatile and powerful tool for addressing dynamic DM challenges.
文摘Urban transportation planning involves evaluating multiple conflicting criteria such as accessibility,cost-effectiveness,and environmental impact,often under uncertainty and incomplete information.These complex decisions require input from various stakeholders,including planners,policymakers,engineers,and community representatives,whose opinions may differ or contradict.Traditional decision-making approaches struggle to effectively handle such bipolar and multivalued expert evaluations.To address these challenges,we propose a novel decisionmaking framework based on Pythagorean fuzzy N-bipolar soft expert sets.This model allows experts to express both positive and negative opinions on a multinary scale,capturing nuanced judgments with higher accuracy.It introduces algebraic operations and a structured aggregation algorithm to systematically integrate and resolve conflicting expert inputs.Applied to a real-world case study,the framework evaluated five urban transport strategies based on key criteria,producing final scores as follows:improving public transit(−0.70),optimizing traffic signal timing(1.86),enhancing pedestrian infrastructure(3.10),expanding bike lanes(0.59),and implementing congestion pricing(0.77).The results clearly identify enhancing pedestrian infrastructure as the most suitable option,having obtained the highest final score of 3.10.Comparative analysis demonstrates the framework’s superior capability in modeling expert consensus,managing uncertainty,and supporting transparent multi-criteria group decision-making.
文摘This study introduces a novel distance measure(DM)for(p,q,r)-spherical fuzzy sets((p,q,to improve decision-making in complex and uncertain environments.Many existing distance measures eitherr)-SFSs)fail to satisfy essential axiomatic properties or produce unintuitive outcomes.To address these limitations,we propose a new three-dimensional divergence-based DM that ensures mathematical consistency,enhances the discrimination of information,and adheres to the axiomatic framework of distance theory.Building on this foundation,we construct a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)model that utilizes the proposed DM to evaluate and rank alternatives effectively.The applicability and robustness of the model are validated through a practical case study,demonstrating that it leads to more rational,consistent,and reliable decision outcomes compared to existing approaches.
基金Supported by the Special Youth Project of Ningde Normal University(Grant No.2016Q34)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11471153)
文摘Based on G-hulls and G-kernels under the meaning of G-methods on sets, we introduce the concepts of G-hull-closed sets, G-kernel-open sets, G-kernel-neighborhoods and G-kernel-derived sets, discuss some related properties. In particular, we define pointwise G-methods, prove the consistency of G-closed sets and G-hull-closed sets, G-open sets and Gkernel-open sets, G-neighborhoods and G-kernel-neighborhoods, G-derived sets and G-kernelderived sets under this method, and enrich some results about G-closed sets, G-open sets,G-interiors, G-neighborhoods and G-derived sets in sets. At the same time, we put forward some problems for further research.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61075120, 60673096 and 60773174)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China(No.Y107262).
文摘This paper presents a general framework for the study of relation-based intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets determined by two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators.By employing two intuitionistic fuzzy implicators I and J,I -lower and J-upper approximations of intuitionistic fuzzy sets with respect to an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation space are first defined.Properties of(I,J) -intuitionistic fuzzy rough approximation operators are then examined.The connections between special types of intuitionistic fuzzy relations and properties of (I,J)-intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operators are also established.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(69803007)
文摘The paper discusses the close-degree of rough fuzzy sets(RFS)and fuzzy rough sets(FRS),which is a measure of two RFS,two FRS close-level.Then it rescarchs interior product and outer product of RFS,FRS,introduces lattice-close-degree of RFS and FRS.On the base,we can get a new method of attribute reduction.
基金supported by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University(QU-APC-2024-9/1).
文摘Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such uncertainties.This study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and AND-operations.Some results related to these operations are also modified for pPyFHSS.Additionally,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and results.Lastly,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested system.The algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical models.Similarly,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4300902)。
文摘Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification(RFFI)technology provides a means of identifying spurious signals.This technology has been widely used in solving Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast(ADS-B)signal spoofing problems.However,the effects of circuit changes over time often lead to a decline in identification accuracy within open-time set.This paper proposes an ADS-B transmitter identification method to solve the degradation of identification accuracy.First,a real-time data processing system is established to receive and store ADS-B signals to meet the conditions for open-time set.The system possesses the following functionalities:data collection,data parsing,feature extraction,and identity recognition.Subsequently,a two-dimensional TimeFrequency Feature Diagram(TFFD)is proposed as a signal pre-processing method.The TFFD is constructed from the received ADS-B signal and the reconstructed signal for input to the recognition model.Finally,incorporating a frequency offset layer into the Swin Transformer architecture,a novel recognition network framework is proposed.This integration can enhance the network recognition accuracy and robustness by tailoring to the specific characteristics of ADSB signals.Experimental results indicate that the proposed recognition architecture achieves recognition accuracy of 95.86%in closed-time set and 84.33%in open-time set,surpassing other algorithms.
文摘Up to now, the study on the cardinal number of fuzzy sets has advanced at on pace since it is very hard to give it an appropriate definition. Althrough for it in [1], it is with some harsh terms and is not reasonable as we point out in this paper. In the paper, we give a general definition of fuzzy cardinal numbers. Based on this definition, we not only obtain a large part of results with re spect to cardinal numbers, but also give a few of new properties of fuzzy cardinal numbers.
基金Supported by NSFC(No.11861010),also supported by NSFC(No.12171175),also supported by NSFC(No.12261006)NSF of Guangxi Province(No.2018GXNSFFA281008)Project of Guangxi First Class Disciplines of Statistics(No.GJKY-2022-01)。
文摘In this paper,we study the Bowen entropy of stable sets in positive entropy G-system of amenable group actions.The lower bound of the Bowen entropy of these sets are estimated.
文摘A method with the fuzzy entropy for measuring fuzziness to fuzzy problem in rough sets is proposed. A new sort of the fuzzy entropy is given. The calculating formula and the equivalent expression method with the fuzzy entropy in rough sets based on equivalence relation are provided, and the properties of the fuzzy entropy are proved. The fuzzy entropy based on equivalent relation is extended to generalize the fuzzy entropy based on general binary relation, and the calculating formula and the equivalent expression of the generalized fuzzy entropy are also given. Finally, an example illustrates the way for getting the fuzzy entropy. Results show that the fuzzy entropy can conveniently measure the fuzziness in rough sets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62172095).
文摘Ensuring a sustainable and eco-friendly environment is essential for promoting a healthy and balanced social life.However,decision-making in such contexts often involves handling vague,imprecise,and uncertain information.To address this challenge,this study presents a novel multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)approach based on picture fuzzy hypersoft sets(PFHSS),integrating the flexibility of Schweizer-Sklar triangular norm-based aggregation operators.The proposed aggregation mechanisms—weighted average and weighted geometric operators—are formulated using newly defined operational laws under the PFHSS framework and are proven to satisfy essential mathematical properties,such as idempotency,monotonicity,and boundedness.The decision-making model system-atically incorporates both benefit and cost-type criteria,enabling more nuanced evaluations in complex social or environmental decision problems.To enhance interpretability and practical relevance,the study conducts a sensitivity analysis on the Schweizer-Sklar parameter(Δ).The results show that varyingΔaffects the strictness of aggregation,thereby influencing the ranking stability of alternatives.A comparative analysis with existing fuzzy and hypersoft-based MCDM methods confirms the robustness,expressiveness,and adaptability of the proposed approach.Notably,the use of picture fuzzy sets allows for the inclusion of positive,neutral,and negative memberships,offering a richer representation of expert opinions compared to traditional models.A case study focused on green technology adoption for environmental sustainability illustrates the real-world applicability of the proposed method.The analysis confirms that the approach yields consistent and interpretable results,even under varying degrees of decision uncertainty.Overall,this work contributes an efficient and flexible MCDM tool that can support decision-makers in formulating policies aligned with sustainable and socially responsible outcomes.
基金This project was surpported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Y2004A94)
文摘Based on S-rough sets（singular rough sets）, this paper presents function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets）and its mathematical structures and features. Function S-rough sets has two forms： function one direction S-rough sets （function one direction singular rough sets） and function two direction S-rough sets （function two direction singular rough sets）. This paper advances the relationship theorem of function S-rough sets and S-rough sets. Function S-rough sets is the general form of S-rough sets, and S-rough sets is the special ease of function S-rough sets. In this paper, applications of function S-rough sets in rough law mining-discovery of system are given. Function S-rough sets is a new research direction of rough sets and rough system.
基金This project was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Y2004A04), Natural ScienceFoundation of Fujian of China (Z051049) and Education Foundation of Fujian of China (JA04268),.
文摘Function S-rough sets （function singular rough sets） is defined on a -function equivalence class [u]. Function S-rough sets is the extension form of S-rough sets. By using the function S-rough sets, this paper gives rough law generation model of a-function equivalence class, discussion on law mining and law discovery in systems, and application of law mining and law discovery in communication system. Function S-rough sets is a new theory and method in law mining research.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3003502)。
文摘Local strong seismic activity shows the potential to closely follow a renewal process,which is inconsistent with the overall seismic activity that aligns with the Poisson process.Given that existing methods for synthesizing stochastic seismic event sets cannot control local seismic activity,a method based on Monte Carlo simulations has been developed for synthesizing random seismic event sets where local strong earthquakes satisfy the renewal process.This method can synthesize seismic activities in a statistical area where the overall activity conforms to the Poisson process and the major seismic activities in local potential sources or faults follow the renewal process.This paper presents long-and short-scale approaches.The long-scale earthquake catalogs are suitable for reflecting the sequential characteristics of seismic activities.Meanwhile,the short-scale catalogs focus on the impacts of specific earthquake events within a group for a detailed understanding of hazards under certain conditions,making them suitable for studies on specific earthquake sequences and geological areas or situations requiring high temporal resolution.In the applications of shortscale sequences,we find that the equivalent occurrence rate method may overestimate the seismic hazard.This synthesis method for earthquake catalogs can simulate realistic seismic activities,thereby enhancing the accuracy of hazard analysis results and is suitable for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake insurance rate setting.
