BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression(PSD)is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis dysfunction and neurotransmitter deficits.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are commonly used,but their effi...BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression(PSD)is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis dysfunction and neurotransmitter deficits.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are commonly used,but their efficacy is limited.This study investigated whether combining SSRIs with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Free San could enhance their therapeutic effects.AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combining SSRIs with Free San in treating PSD,and to assess its impact on HPA axis function.METHODS Ninety-two patients with PSD were enrolled and randomly divided into control groups(n=46)and study groups(n=46).The control group received the SSRI paroxetine alone,whereas the study group received paroxetine combined with Free San for 4 weeks.Hamilton Depression Scale and TCM syndrome scores were assessed before and after treatment.Serum serotonin,norepinephrine,cortisol,cor-ticotropin-releasing hormone,and adrenocorticotropic hormone were measured.The treatment responses and adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS After treatment,the Hamilton Depression Scale and TCM syndrome scores were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).Serum serotonin and norepinephrine levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group,whereas cortisol,corticotropin-releasing hormone,and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were significantly lower(P<0.05).The total efficacy rates were 84.78%and 65.22%in the study and control groups,respectively(P<0.05).No significant differences in adverse reactions were observed between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Combining SSRIs with Free San can enhance therapeutic efficacy,improve depressive symptoms,and regulate HPA axis function in patients with PSD with good safety and clinical application value.展开更多
目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimu...目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,rhG-CSF)在预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症中的疗效与安全性差异,为临床合理用药提供循证医学依据。方法本研究采用系统性文献检索策略,全面检索Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集从建库至2024年8月17日发表的关于PEG-rhG-CSF与rhG-CSF预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症的随机对照试验。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及方法学质量评价,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入研究进行质量评估。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析,二分类变量采用风险比及其95%CI表示效应量,连续性变量采用均数差(MD)及其95%CI表示。研究间异质性采用I²统计量进行评估,I²>50%时采用随机效应模型,否则采用固定效应模型。结果共纳入28项随机对照临床试验,涉及2879例恶性肿瘤患者。根据Meta分析结果表明,PEG-rhG-CSF组在减少Ⅲ/Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少持续时间方面优于rhG-CSF组(P<0.05)。不良反应事件发生率与rhG-CSF组差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与rhG-CSF相比,PEG-rhG-CSF可显著缩短恶性肿瘤患者化疗后重度(Ⅲ/Ⅳ度)中性粒细胞减少的持续时间。基于现有循证医学证据,建议在恶性肿瘤化疗患者中优先选用PEG-rhG-CSF进行中性粒细胞减少症的预防,以降低感染风险,保障化疗周期顺利进行并改善患者预后。展开更多
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber ris...The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber risks. Although comprehensive, the complexity of the NIST CSF can be overwhelming, especially for those lacking extensive cybersecurity resources. Current implementation tools often cater to larger companies, neglecting the specific needs of SMEs, which can be vulnerable to cyber threats. To address this gap, our research proposes a user-friendly, open-source web platform designed to simplify the implementation of the NIST CSF. This platform enables organizations to assess their risk exposure and continuously monitor their cybersecurity maturity through tailored recommendations based on their unique profiles. Our methodology includes a literature review of existing tools and standards, followed by a description of the platform’s design and architecture. Initial tests with SMEs in Burkina Faso reveal a concerning cybersecurity maturity level, indicating the urgent need for improved strategies based on our findings. By offering an intuitive interface and cross-platform accessibility, this solution aims to empower organizations to enhance their cybersecurity resilience in an evolving threat landscape. The article concludes with discussions on the practical implications and future enhancements of the tool.展开更多
Background Compelling evidence has established a strong link between the gut microbiota and host reproductive health.However,the specific regulatory roles of individual bacterial species on reproductive performance ar...Background Compelling evidence has established a strong link between the gut microbiota and host reproductive health.However,the specific regulatory roles of individual bacterial species on reproductive performance are not well-understood.In the present study,Jinhua sows with varying reproductive performances under the same diet and management conditions were selected to explore potential mechanisms on the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and host reproductive performance using 16S rRNA sequencing,metagenomics and serum metabolomics.Results Our findings revealed that the KEGG pathways for base excision repair and DNA replication were enriched,along with gene-level enhancements in spore formation,in sows with higher reproductive performance,indicating that the gut microbiome experiences stress.Further analysis showed a positive correlation between these changes and litter size,indicating that the host acts as a stressor,reshaping the microbiome.This adaptation allows the intestinal microbes in sows with high reproductive performance to enrich specific serotonin-related bacteria,such as Oxalobacter formigenes,Ruminococcus sp.CAG 382,Clostridium leptum,and Clostridium botulinum.Subsequently,the enriched microbiota may promote host serotonin production,which is positively correlated with reproductive performance in our study,known to regulate follicle survival and oocyte maturation.Conclusion Our study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the interactions between gut microbes and the host.It highlights new insights into reassembling gut microbiota in sows with higher litter sizes and the role of serotonin-related microbiota and serotonin in fertility.展开更多
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotoni...BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are frequently used in the treatment of depression;however,their efficacy in addressing major depressive disorder(MDD)in adults following TBI remains uncertain.AIM To investigate the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD after TBI.METHODS A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement,encompassing studies published until May 2024.This review focused on studies that examined the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD following TBI.Studies were assessed based sample size,treatment duration,treatment methodologies,severity of brain injury,assessment techniques,and drug response.A random-effects model was used to derive the summary effect size.RESULTS Eight studies compared the reduction in depression scores in patients with MDD after TBI and SSRI treatment.The eight studies did not exhibit heterogeneity(I^(2)=38%).The depression score for MDD after TBI in the SSRI group decreased more than that in the control group[odds ratio(OR)1.68,95%CI:1.09-2.58,P=0.02].The adverse reactions after treatment included diarrhea,dizziness,dry mouth,nausea,or vomiting.There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions after treatment between the two groups(OR 1.16,95%CI:0.78-1.73,P=0.46).These studies did not show significant heterogeneity(I^(2)=44%).CONCLUSION SSRIs may be effective in treating patients with MDD after TBI.Adequately powered,randomized,controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.展开更多
基金Supported by Open Project of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Geriatric Diseases,No.202232.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression(PSD)is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis dysfunction and neurotransmitter deficits.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are commonly used,but their efficacy is limited.This study investigated whether combining SSRIs with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Free San could enhance their therapeutic effects.AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combining SSRIs with Free San in treating PSD,and to assess its impact on HPA axis function.METHODS Ninety-two patients with PSD were enrolled and randomly divided into control groups(n=46)and study groups(n=46).The control group received the SSRI paroxetine alone,whereas the study group received paroxetine combined with Free San for 4 weeks.Hamilton Depression Scale and TCM syndrome scores were assessed before and after treatment.Serum serotonin,norepinephrine,cortisol,cor-ticotropin-releasing hormone,and adrenocorticotropic hormone were measured.The treatment responses and adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS After treatment,the Hamilton Depression Scale and TCM syndrome scores were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).Serum serotonin and norepinephrine levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group,whereas cortisol,corticotropin-releasing hormone,and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were significantly lower(P<0.05).The total efficacy rates were 84.78%and 65.22%in the study and control groups,respectively(P<0.05).No significant differences in adverse reactions were observed between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Combining SSRIs with Free San can enhance therapeutic efficacy,improve depressive symptoms,and regulate HPA axis function in patients with PSD with good safety and clinical application value.
文摘目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,rhG-CSF)在预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症中的疗效与安全性差异,为临床合理用药提供循证医学依据。方法本研究采用系统性文献检索策略,全面检索Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集从建库至2024年8月17日发表的关于PEG-rhG-CSF与rhG-CSF预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症的随机对照试验。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及方法学质量评价,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入研究进行质量评估。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析,二分类变量采用风险比及其95%CI表示效应量,连续性变量采用均数差(MD)及其95%CI表示。研究间异质性采用I²统计量进行评估,I²>50%时采用随机效应模型,否则采用固定效应模型。结果共纳入28项随机对照临床试验,涉及2879例恶性肿瘤患者。根据Meta分析结果表明,PEG-rhG-CSF组在减少Ⅲ/Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少持续时间方面优于rhG-CSF组(P<0.05)。不良反应事件发生率与rhG-CSF组差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与rhG-CSF相比,PEG-rhG-CSF可显著缩短恶性肿瘤患者化疗后重度(Ⅲ/Ⅳ度)中性粒细胞减少的持续时间。基于现有循证医学证据,建议在恶性肿瘤化疗患者中优先选用PEG-rhG-CSF进行中性粒细胞减少症的预防,以降低感染风险,保障化疗周期顺利进行并改善患者预后。
文摘The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber risks. Although comprehensive, the complexity of the NIST CSF can be overwhelming, especially for those lacking extensive cybersecurity resources. Current implementation tools often cater to larger companies, neglecting the specific needs of SMEs, which can be vulnerable to cyber threats. To address this gap, our research proposes a user-friendly, open-source web platform designed to simplify the implementation of the NIST CSF. This platform enables organizations to assess their risk exposure and continuously monitor their cybersecurity maturity through tailored recommendations based on their unique profiles. Our methodology includes a literature review of existing tools and standards, followed by a description of the platform’s design and architecture. Initial tests with SMEs in Burkina Faso reveal a concerning cybersecurity maturity level, indicating the urgent need for improved strategies based on our findings. By offering an intuitive interface and cross-platform accessibility, this solution aims to empower organizations to enhance their cybersecurity resilience in an evolving threat landscape. The article concludes with discussions on the practical implications and future enhancements of the tool.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00080)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Program of China(LZ25C170001)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372889,U21A20249)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35)National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs。
文摘Background Compelling evidence has established a strong link between the gut microbiota and host reproductive health.However,the specific regulatory roles of individual bacterial species on reproductive performance are not well-understood.In the present study,Jinhua sows with varying reproductive performances under the same diet and management conditions were selected to explore potential mechanisms on the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and host reproductive performance using 16S rRNA sequencing,metagenomics and serum metabolomics.Results Our findings revealed that the KEGG pathways for base excision repair and DNA replication were enriched,along with gene-level enhancements in spore formation,in sows with higher reproductive performance,indicating that the gut microbiome experiences stress.Further analysis showed a positive correlation between these changes and litter size,indicating that the host acts as a stressor,reshaping the microbiome.This adaptation allows the intestinal microbes in sows with high reproductive performance to enrich specific serotonin-related bacteria,such as Oxalobacter formigenes,Ruminococcus sp.CAG 382,Clostridium leptum,and Clostridium botulinum.Subsequently,the enriched microbiota may promote host serotonin production,which is positively correlated with reproductive performance in our study,known to regulate follicle survival and oocyte maturation.Conclusion Our study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the interactions between gut microbes and the host.It highlights new insights into reassembling gut microbiota in sows with higher litter sizes and the role of serotonin-related microbiota and serotonin in fertility.
文摘BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)poses a considerable risk to human health.After TBI,individuals are susceptible to a range of psychiatric disorders,with depression being a primary complication.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are frequently used in the treatment of depression;however,their efficacy in addressing major depressive disorder(MDD)in adults following TBI remains uncertain.AIM To investigate the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD after TBI.METHODS A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement,encompassing studies published until May 2024.This review focused on studies that examined the efficacy of SSRIs in the treatment of MDD following TBI.Studies were assessed based sample size,treatment duration,treatment methodologies,severity of brain injury,assessment techniques,and drug response.A random-effects model was used to derive the summary effect size.RESULTS Eight studies compared the reduction in depression scores in patients with MDD after TBI and SSRI treatment.The eight studies did not exhibit heterogeneity(I^(2)=38%).The depression score for MDD after TBI in the SSRI group decreased more than that in the control group[odds ratio(OR)1.68,95%CI:1.09-2.58,P=0.02].The adverse reactions after treatment included diarrhea,dizziness,dry mouth,nausea,or vomiting.There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions after treatment between the two groups(OR 1.16,95%CI:0.78-1.73,P=0.46).These studies did not show significant heterogeneity(I^(2)=44%).CONCLUSION SSRIs may be effective in treating patients with MDD after TBI.Adequately powered,randomized,controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.
