The potential for CO_(2)sequestration in the goaf of abandoned coal mines is significant due to the extensive fracture spaces and substantial residual coal present.Firstly,the adsorption characteristics of residual co...The potential for CO_(2)sequestration in the goaf of abandoned coal mines is significant due to the extensive fracture spaces and substantial residual coal present.Firstly,the adsorption characteristics of residual coal in goaf on CO_(2)were studied by the isothermal adsorption test of CO_(2).Then,to accurately calculate the amount of adsorbed CO_(2)within the residual coal in the goaf,the bidisperse diffusion numerical model considering only Fick diffusion was modified in combination with the diffusion mechanisms.The simulation results showed that the modified model can well describe the diffusion behavior of CO_(2)in the residual coal matrix.Finally,the numerical simulation of CO_(2)sequestration in the goaf of abandoned coal mines was carried out,and the influence of different injection well deployment positions and various thicknesses of residual coal on the migration law and storage effect of CO_(2)in goaf was analyzed.The results showed that CO_(2)preferentially flowed into the caving zone with higher permeability.The distribution of CO_(2)streamlines in the goaf was the most dense in the caving zone and the streamlines in the fracture zone were gradually sparse from bottom to top.When the injection well was deployed at the interface of the two zones,the CO_(2)had the best seepage path.The total storage capacity within90 days was 7.702754×10^(6)kg,of which the free state storage capacity in the fracture of the goaf and the adsorbed state storage capacity in the residual coal were 6.611451×10^(6)and 1.091303×10^(6)kg,respectively.When the injection well was deployed in the middle of the residual coal seam in the goaf and the middle of the fracture zone,the total storage capacity at the same time was 7.613508×10^(6)and 6.021495×10^(6)kg,respectively.The coal with different thicknesses remaining at the bottom of the goaf significantly affected the adsorbed state storage,but had little effect on the free state storage.When the thickness of the residual coal seam was 0.20,0.35,and 0.50 m,the adsorbed state storage capacity within 130 days was 4.37623×10^(5),7.65791×10^(5),and 1.093406×10^(6)kg,respectively.展开更多
The sequestrate genus Chamonixia has been shown to have affinities to the Boletales,in particular the genus Leccinum.Australasian and Japanese species of Chamonixia were examined using morphological and molecular(ITS ...The sequestrate genus Chamonixia has been shown to have affinities to the Boletales,in particular the genus Leccinum.Australasian and Japanese species of Chamonixia were examined using morphological and molecular(ITS and nLSU rDNA)data and found to also have affinities with Leccinum and Leccinellum,however they form a distinct clade separate from the European type species C.caespitosa Rolland and North American species.A new genus,Rosbeeva T.Lebel&Orihara gen.nov.,is proposed for the Australasian,Japanese and Chinese taxa.The species R.mucosa(Petri)T.Lebel comb.nov.is restricted in distribution to Singapore and Borneo,and R.pachyderma(Zeller&C.W.Dodge)T.Lebel comb.nov.to New Zealand,with Australian collections considered to belong to a revised R.vittatispora(G.W.Beaton,Pegler&T.W.K.Young)T.Lebel comb.nov.or a new species R.westraliensis T.Lebel sp.nov.The Chinese species R.bispora(B.C.Zhang&Y.N.Yu)T.Lebel&Orihara comb.nov is transferred to the new genus based upon morphological data.Two new species from Japan,Rosbeeva eucyanea Orihara and R.griseovelutina Orihara,are also described and illustrated.A key to all species of Rosbeeva is provided.Due to the highly modified gastroid sporocarp forms of both Chamonixia and Rosbeeva,many macroscopic characters of use in agaricoid taxonomy are difficult to interpret.However,color change and texture of sporocarps are of some use to distinguish genera and species.Microscopic characters such as spore shape,dimensions,and ornamentation,and pileipellis and hymenophoral trama structure,are essential for determining genera and species.展开更多
Mine filling materials urgently need to improve mechanical properties and achieve low-carbon transformation.This study explores the mechanism of the synergistic effect of optimizing aggregate fractal grading and intro...Mine filling materials urgently need to improve mechanical properties and achieve low-carbon transformation.This study explores the mechanism of the synergistic effect of optimizing aggregate fractal grading and introducing CO_(2)nanobubble technology to improve the performance of cement-fly ash-based backfill materials(CFB).The properties including fluidity,setting time,uniaxial compressive strength,elastic modulus,porosity,microstructure and CO_(2)storage performance were systematically studied through methods such as fluidity evaluation,time test,uniaxial compression test,mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP),scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis(SEM-EDS),and thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG).The experimental results show that the density and strength of the material are significantly improved under the synergistic effect of fractal dimension and CO_(2)nanobubbles.When the fractal dimension reaches 2.65,the mass ratio of coarse and fine aggregates reaches the optimal balance,and the structural density is greatly improved at the same time.At this time,the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus reach their peak values,with increases of up to 13.46%and 27.47%,respectively.CO_(2)nanobubbles enhance the material properties by promoting hydration reaction and carbonization.At the microscopic level,CO_(2)nanobubble water promotes the formation of C-S-H(hydrated calcium silicate),C-A-S-H(hydrated calcium aluminium silicate)gel and CaCO_(3),which is the main way to enhance the performance.Thermogravimetric studies have shown that when the fractal dimension is 2.65,the dehydration of hydration products and the decarbonization process of CaCO_(3)are most obvious,and CO_(2)nanobubble water promotes the carbonization reaction,making it surpass the natural state.The CO_(2)sequestration quality of cement-fly ash-based materials treated with CO_(2)nanobubble water at different fractal dimensions increased by 12.4wt%to 99.8wt%.The results not only provide scientific insights for the design and implementation of low-carbon filling materials,but also provide a solid theoretical basis for strengthening green mining practices and promoting sustainable resource utilization.展开更多
Global warming caused by the emission of CO_(2) in industrial flue gas has attractedmore and more attention.Therefore,to fix CO_(2) with high efficiency and environmentally friendly had become the hot research field.C...Global warming caused by the emission of CO_(2) in industrial flue gas has attractedmore and more attention.Therefore,to fix CO_(2) with high efficiency and environmentally friendly had become the hot research field.Compared with the traditional coal-fired power plant flue gas emission reduction technology,carbon fixation and emission reduction by microalgae is considered as a promising technology due to the advantages of simple process equipment,convenient operation and environmental protection.When the flue gas is treated by microalgae carbon fixation and emission reduction technology,microalgae cells can fix CO_(2) in the flue gas through photosynthesis,and simultaneously absorb NO_(x) and SO_(x) as nitrogen and sulfur sources required for growth.Meanwhile,they can also absorb mercury,selenium,arsenic,cadmium,lead and other heavy metal ions in the flue gas to obtain microalgae biomass.The obtained microalgae biomass can be further transformed into high valueadded products,which has broad development prospects.This paper reviews the mechanisms and pathways of CO_(2) sequestration,the mechanism and impacts of microalgal emission reduction of flue gas pollutants,and the applications of carbon sequestration in industrial flue gas by microalgae.Finally,this paper provides some guidelines and prospects for the research and application of green emission reduction technology for industrial flue gas.展开更多
Long-term mulching has improved crop yields and farmland productivity in semiarid areas,but it has also increased greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and depleted soil fertility.Biochar application has emerged as a promising...Long-term mulching has improved crop yields and farmland productivity in semiarid areas,but it has also increased greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and depleted soil fertility.Biochar application has emerged as a promising solution for addressing these issues.In this study,we investigated the effects of four biochar application rates(no biochar(N)=0 t ha^(-1),low(L)=3 t ha^(-1),medium(M)=6 t ha^(-1),and high(H)=9 t ha^(-1))under film mulching and no mulching conditions over three growing seasons.We assessed the impacts on GHG emissions,soil organic carbon sequestration(SOCS),and maize yield to evaluate the productivity and sustainability of farmland ecosystems.Our results demonstrated that mulching increased maize yield(18.68-41.80%),total fixed C in straw(23.64%),grain(28.87%),and root(46.31%)biomass,and GHG emissions(CO_(2),10.78%;N_(2)O,3.41%),while reducing SOCS(6.57%)and GHG intensity(GHGI;13.61%).Under mulching,biochar application significantly increased maize yield(10.20%),total fixed C in straw(17.97%),grain(17.69%)and root(16.75%)biomass,and SOCS(4.78%).Moreover,it reduced the GHG emissions(CO_(2),3.09%;N_(2)O,6.36%)and GHGI(12.28%).These effects correlated with the biochar addition rate,with the optimal rate being 9.0 t ha^(-1).In conclusion,biochar application reduces CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions,enhances CH_(4) absorption,and improves maize yield under film mulching.It also improves the soil carbon fixation capacity while mitigating the warming potential,making it a promising sustainable management method for mulched farmland in semiarid areas.展开更多
Geological sequestration of CO_(2)is critical for deep decarbonization,but the geomechanical stability of coal reservoirs remains a major challenge.This study integrates nanoindentation,XRD/SEM-EDS chemo physical char...Geological sequestration of CO_(2)is critical for deep decarbonization,but the geomechanical stability of coal reservoirs remains a major challenge.This study integrates nanoindentation,XRD/SEM-EDS chemo physical characterization and 4D CT visualization to investigate the time-evolving mechanical degradation of bituminous coals with ScCO_(2)injection.The main results show that 4 d of ScCO_(2)treatment caused 50.47%–80.99%increase in load–displacement deformation and 26.92%–76.17%increase in creep depth at peak load,accompanied by 55.01%–63.38%loss in elastic modulus and 52.83%–74.81%reduction in hardness.The degradation exhibited biphasic kinetics,characterized by rapid surface-driven weakening(0–2 d),followed by stabilized matrix-scale pore homogenization(2–4 d).ScCO_(2)preferentially dissolved carbonate minerals(dolomite),driving pore network expansion and interfacial debonding,while silicate minerals resisted dissolution but promoted structural homogenization.These coupled geochemical-mechanical processes reduced the mechanical heterogeneity of the coal and altered its failure modes.The results establish a predictive framework for reservoir stability assessment and provide actionable insights for optimizing CO_(2)enhanced coalbed methane recovery.展开更多
Cement treatment,such as cement-mixing columns,is commonly used for deep soft soil improvement to increase the bearing capacity and reduce settlement.However,cement production entails high energy consumption and carbo...Cement treatment,such as cement-mixing columns,is commonly used for deep soft soil improvement to increase the bearing capacity and reduce settlement.However,cement production entails high energy consumption and carbon and pollutant emissions.CO_(2)capture and mineralization represent promising solutions to these issues.This study proposes a sustainable alternative:a novel CO_(2)-carbonated MgO-mixing column that integrates CO_(2)mineralization with soil reinforcement.This approach involves in situ mixing of MgO with deep soil to form columns,which are then carbonated and solidified by injecting captured CO_(2)through gas-permeable pipe piles,achieving both carbon reduction and soil improvement.In this study,CO_(2)-carbonated MgO-mixing columns were comprehensively evaluated to investigate variations in strength,deformation,pH,and CO_(2)sequestration with depth.Two rapid and cost-effective methods to assess its mechanical properties,uniformity,and CO_(2)sequestration capacity are proposed.The results show that the carbonated MgO-treated soil has good strength along the depth direction,with an average unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of 1.02 MPa and a lower pH than that of cement-mixing columns.It also achieves notable CO_(2)sequestration,ranging from 4.88%to 13.10%(average 8.31%),and exhibits good uniformity,as shown by electrical resistivity tests.Needle penetration and electrical resistivity tests could be used to effectively predict the UCS,deformation modulus,and CO_(2)sequestration.XRD,FTIR,SEM,and TG-DTG analyses reveal distinct microstructural differences at various depths,with unhydrated MgO,magnesite,and dypingite/hydromagnesite present in shallow columns,and brucite,nesquehonite,and dypingite/hydromagnesite present in deep columns.These products bind soil particles and fill pores,enhancing the strength of the MgO-mixing column.展开更多
The iron and steel industries generate large amounts of unavoidable CO_(2)emissions as well as considerable quantities of slags.More than one-half of the emitted CO_(2)is produced in blast furnaces during ironmaking,a...The iron and steel industries generate large amounts of unavoidable CO_(2)emissions as well as considerable quantities of slags.More than one-half of the emitted CO_(2)is produced in blast furnaces during ironmaking,and thus it is meaningful to use blast furnace slags to capture CO_(2)while addressing the byproducts and flue gas of ironmaking.Mineral carbonation of slags is a promising route to achieve carbon neutrality and effective slag utilization.To exploit slag more effectively and capture CO_(2)in flue gas,an in-depth investigation into the carbonation of blast furnace slags generated with different cooling methods was conducted.The effects of the solid–liquid ratio and introduced CO_(2)concentration on carbonation were determined.The CO_(2)uptake capacity of air-cooled slag(0.04 g/g)was greater than that of water-quenched slag.The CO_(2)uptake capacities of the two slags were comparable with those of slags in previous works,indicating the potential of the two slags for CO_(2)sequestration and utilization even with low-energy input and this fact suggests that this process is feasible.展开更多
Significant variations in global temperatures and weather patterns over time are known as climate change.Although it occurs naturally,human activities—particularly the burning of fossil fuels,deforestation,and indust...Significant variations in global temperatures and weather patterns over time are known as climate change.Although it occurs naturally,human activities—particularly the burning of fossil fuels,deforestation,and industrial processes—are accelerating these changes,which have various detrimental effects on the environment.This review aims to highlight the edapho-climatic requirements of this cactus and the advantages and challenges of its cultivation to mitigate climate change.The prickly pear cactus is a plant with numerous financial and environmental advantages.It needs well-draining,sandy or gravelly soil to avoid root rot and do best in full sun.With a strong tolerance for dryness,they thrive in arid or semi-arid regions with scorching summers and prefer sparing watering.Despite being suited to tropical climates,some species can tolerate freezing temperatures and sporadic frost.Once established,these hardy plants require little care and thrive in nutrient-poor soils,which makes them perfect for xeriscaping or challenging growing environments.Because of its high water use efficiency ratio and low water requirements,prickly pear can be grown in marginally dry and semi-arid areas.The cactus does contribute to the ecological and socioeconomic fight against climate change.For instance,it supports sustainable agriculture,biodiversity preservation,soil restoration,carbon sequestration,and effective water usage.Demarcating dry and semi-arid zones and fostering employment in these areas is beneficial from a socioeconomic standpoint.The prickly pear’s traditional cultural heritage supports its current economic function as a crop that can withstand drought.While ecological threats necessitate balanced management,this adaptability promotes sustainable growth.Innovations in bioenergy and value-added goods build on its historical applications,increasing its socioeconomic advantages and,eventually,its worldwide significance.展开更多
Optimizing the spatial pattern of carbon sequestration service is essential for advancing regional low-carbon development,accelerating the achievement of the"dual carbon"goals,and promoting the high-quality ...Optimizing the spatial pattern of carbon sequestration service is essential for advancing regional low-carbon development,accelerating the achievement of the"dual carbon"goals,and promoting the high-quality development of ecological environment.The carbon sequestration capacity within the mountain-desert-oasis system(MDOS),a unique landscape pattern,exhibits significant gradient characteristics,and its carbon sink potential can be substantially improved through multi-scale spatial optimization.This study employed the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoff(InVEST)model to estimate carbon storage and sequestration(CSS)in the Gansu section of Heihe River Basin,China,a representative MDOS,based on land use/land cover(LULC)data from 1990 to 2020.The Patch-level Land Use Simulation(PLUS)model was coupled to simulate LULC and estimate carrying CSS under natural development(ND),ecological protection(EP),water constraint(WC),and economic development(ED)scenarios for 2035.Furthermore,the study constructed and optimized the CSS pattern on the basis of economic and ecological benefits,exploring the guiding significance of different scenarios for pattern optimization.The results showed that CSS spatial distribution is closely correlated with LULC pattern,and CSS is expected to improve in the future.CSS showed an overall increase across subsystems during 1990–2020,but varied across LULC types.CSS of construction land in all subsystems exhibited an increasing trend,while CSS of unused land showed a decreasing trend,with specific changes of 1.68×103 and 3.43×105 t,respectively.Regional CSS dynamics were mainly driven by conversions among unused land,cultivated land,and grassland.The CSS pattern of MDOS was divided into carbon sink functional region(CSFR),low carbon conservation region(LCCR),low carbon economic region(LCER),and economic development region(EDR).Water resources coordination served as the basis of pattern optimization,while the four dimensions—ecological carbon sink,low-carbon maintenance,agricultural carbon reduction and sink enhancement,and urban carbon emission reduction—framed the optimization framework.ND,EP,WC,and ED scenarios provided guidance as the basic reference,optimal benefit,"dual carbon"baseline,and upper development limit,respectively.Additionally,the detailed CSS sub-partitions of MDOS covered most potential scenarios of such ecosystems,demonstrating the applicability of these sub-partitions.These findings provide valuable references for enhancing CSS and hold important significance for low-carbon territorial spatial planning in the MDOS.展开更多
Marine algae and shellfish are contributing positively to carbon sinks.As the world’s largest algae and shellfish producer,the carbon sinks potential in China is crucial.Here,the situation of algae and shellfish cult...Marine algae and shellfish are contributing positively to carbon sinks.As the world’s largest algae and shellfish producer,the carbon sinks potential in China is crucial.Here,the situation of algae and shellfish cultivation in China’s offshore from 2011 to 2020 was elaborated.The intensity of carbon sequestration by algae and shellfish annually was estimated.In 2020,the production of algae and shellfish in China has already reached to 2.62 million tons and 14.8 million tons,with an annual growth rate of 7.03%and 3.14%,respectively.Their annual productivity also maintained an increasing trend,while the rate of productivity increase decreased over ten years except for Porphyra haitanensis,Sinonovacula constricta,and Haliotis discus hannai.Crassostrea gigas and Rudi-tapes philippinarum were the highest fixed carbon shellfish,and Saccharina japonica was the dominant algae.Meanwhile,the rela-tively high carbon sink intensity was found in Shandong,Fujian,and Liaoning.In the last decade,the total carbon sink of algae and shellfish was 1.62 million tons and 7.16 million tons,with an increase of 90.55%and 31.73%,respectively.This created an economic value of 3.293 billion dollars.Results indicated that China’s offshore mariculture algae and shellfish assumed the considerable car-bon sink capacity.Through rational utilization of the carbon sink resources in algae and shellfish,it provides potential ideas for Chi-na to pursue personalized carbon neutrality.展开更多
Scarcity of empirical studies turning the concepts into cost-effective practices is a barrier in achieving the desired trajectory and scale of ecosystem restoration.The present study aimed to assess(i)potential of tre...Scarcity of empirical studies turning the concepts into cost-effective practices is a barrier in achieving the desired trajectory and scale of ecosystem restoration.The present study aimed to assess(i)potential of tree-bamboo-medicinal herb mixed plantation founded on the concept of adaptive comanagement in restoration of degraded community forest in a temperate village of Indian Himalaya and(ii)persistence of offer of local people to voluntarily maintain and expand the trial after its economic benefit/cost ratio became>1.0.Biodiversity,carbon stock and economic benefits were assessed in the restored forest 1,3 and 10 years after 7-year-long funding phase(i.e.,8,10 and 20 years after initial planting in 1991),and other land uses in the village landscape.Significant economic loss occurred from gregarious flowering induced mass mortality of bamboo in the 2nd year after funding phase but it was outweighed by the gain from walnut fruiting.People maintained recovery by transplanting Nepalese Alder(Alnus nepalensis)in gaps.The 20-year-old restored forest land had 17%of aboveground and 75%of belowground carbon stocks,and 39%of flowering species present in the intact forest.Restored forest had only four of the eight Near-threatened/Threatened species present in intact forest.Further,intact forest was monetarily the most efficient land use despite absence of payments for its ecosystem services.People did not expand the trial or medicinal plant cultivation in farms induced by it.They abandoned cropping in 39%farm area and leased 24%abandoned area to a company.Flowering plant species richness and carbon stocks changed at the ecosystem scale but not at the village landscape scale.Emission from agricultural abandonment nullified carbon sequestration by forest restoration.Community forest restoration should render both material/monetary and nonmaterial/non-monetary benefits to people.Cultural landscapes should be taken as spatial units for ecosystem restoration planning,monitoring and evaluation.展开更多
Blue carbon ecosystems,including mangroves,seagrasses,and salt marshes,play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing atmospheric CO_(2)at rates exceeding those of terrestrial forests.This s...Blue carbon ecosystems,including mangroves,seagrasses,and salt marshes,play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing atmospheric CO_(2)at rates exceeding those of terrestrial forests.This study explores the potential of HCWs(Human-Controlled Wetlands)in the Italian Venice Lagoon as an underappreciated component of the global blue carbon pool.Using GEE(Google Earth Engine),we conducted a large-scale assessment of carbon sequestration in these wetlands,demonstrating its advantages over traditional in situ methods in addressing spatial variability.Our findings highlight the significance of below-water mud sediments as primary carbon reservoirs,with a TC(Total Carbon)content of 3.81%±0.94%and a stable storage function akin to peat,reinforced by high CEC(Cation Exchange Capacity).GEE analysis identified a redoximorphic zone at a depth of 20-30 cm,where microbial respiration shifts to anaerobic pathways,preventing carbon release and maintaining long-term sequestration.The study also evaluates key factors affecting remote sensing accuracy,including tidal variations,water depth,and sky cover.The strong correlation between field-measured and satellite-derived carbon parameters(R^(2)>0.85)confirms the reliability of our approach.Furthermore,we developed a GEE-based script for monitoring sediment bioturbation,leveraging Sentinel-1 SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)and Sentinel-2 optical data to quantify biological disturbances affecting carbon fluxes.Our results underscore the value of HCWs for carbon sequestration,reinforcing the need for targeted conservation strategies.The scalability and efficiency of remote sensing methodologies,particularly GEE,make them essential for the long-term monitoring of blue carbon ecosystems and the development of effective climate mitigation policies.展开更多
Growing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions from underground mining have intensified the need for carbon reduction strategies at every stage.Shotcrete used in tunnel support presents a promising opportunity for ca...Growing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions from underground mining have intensified the need for carbon reduction strategies at every stage.Shotcrete used in tunnel support presents a promising opportunity for carbon emission reduction.This study investigates the carbon absorption capacity,mechanical strength,and underlying mechanisms of shotcrete when exposed to varying CO_(2)concentrations during the mine support process.Findings reveal that higher CO_(2)concentrations during the initial stages of carbonation curing enhance early strength but may impede long-term strength development.Shotcrete samples exposed to 2vol%CO_(2)for 14 d exhibited a carbonation degree approximately three times higher than those exposed to 0.03vol%CO_(2).A carbonation layer formed in the shotcrete,sequestering CO_(2)as solid carbonates.In practical terms,shotcrete in an underground return-air tunnel absorbed 1.1 kg·m^(2)of CO_(2)over 14 d,equivalent to treating 33 m^(3)of contaminated air.Thus,using shotcrete for CO_(2)curing in return-air tunnels can significantly reduce carbon emissions,contributing to greener and more sustainable mining practices.展开更多
Biochar has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing vineyard sustainability by improving soil properties and mitigating climate change impacts.This review highlights key findings on biochar’s role in viticulture,fo...Biochar has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing vineyard sustainability by improving soil properties and mitigating climate change impacts.This review highlights key findings on biochar’s role in viticulture,focusing on its effects on soil fertility,water retention,and plant physiology.Field and pot studies demonstrate that biochar amendments enhance soil structure,increase cation exchange capacity(CEC),and promote water availability,leading to improved drought resistance in grapevines.However,the impacts on grape yield,physiology,and quality remain inconclusive,with some studies reporting benefits while others show neutral effects.Future research should focus on optimizing biochar application rates,understanding its interactions with soil microbiota,and assessing long-term impacts on grape production and wine quality.Additionally,addressing potential risks,such as heavy metal contamination and changes in microbial communities,is crucial for its safe and effective use.This review aims to supply a comprehensive assessment of our knowledge about the incidence and consequences of biochar on soil,including its potential use in soil remediation and concerns regarding its possible negative impacts,with a focus on its effects on vine physiology and grape production.展开更多
Extensive changes in land cover and energy use resulting from urbanization lead to an imbalance in urban thermal conditions,making cities more susceptible to the impacts of climate change.Nature-based solutions(NbS)th...Extensive changes in land cover and energy use resulting from urbanization lead to an imbalance in urban thermal conditions,making cities more susceptible to the impacts of climate change.Nature-based solutions(NbS)that leverage the cooling effect of green spaces to mitigate urban heat are gaining attention as a way to improve urban sustainability in the face of climate change.The study evaluated the urban-scale application of NbS's impacts on heat mitigation capacity,air temperature,cooling energy,carbon emissions,and carbon sequestration,as well as the resulting economic benefits using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)Urban Cooling Model(UCM).Green roofs as building adaptations,land use adaptations such as the expansion of urban parks and roadside green space,forest restoration,and multiple adaptations,which are combinations of building and land use adaptations,were considered applicable NbS.Cool roofs were also studied to compare their effects with other urban green infrastructure.The results showed that simultaneously implementing the multiple adaptation methods is the most effective if the applicable areas are sufficient.Considering the implemented area ratio,urban parks are the most effective single adaptive measure,with energy savings of 14.75,8.63,and 1.98 times higher than those of 100%green roofs,cool roofs,and 20%roadside green space expansions,respectively.Restoring forests(21.29 km^(2))can yield 4.7 times higher energy savings than installing 100%green roofs(62 km^(2)).In contrast,deforestation loses more energy and carbon than cool roofs can save.This study can help provide an appropriate strategy for achieving urban carbon neutrality by reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sequestration through NbS in addition to relieving urban temperatures.展开更多
Global climate change exerts profound effects on snow cover,with consequential impacts on microbial activities and the stability of soil organic carbon(SOC)within aggregates.Northern peatlands are significant carbon r...Global climate change exerts profound effects on snow cover,with consequential impacts on microbial activities and the stability of soil organic carbon(SOC)within aggregates.Northern peatlands are significant carbon reservoirs,playing a critical role in mitigating climate change.However,the effects of snow variations on microbial-mediated SOC stability within aggregates in peatlands remain inadequately understood.Here,an in-situ field experiment manipulating snow conditions(i.e.,snow removal and snow cover)was conducted to investigate how snow variations affect soil microbial community and the associated SOC stability within soil aggregates(>2,0.25-2,and<0.25 mm)in a peatland of Northeast China.The results showed that snow removal significantly increased the SOC content and stability within aggregates.Compared to the soils with snow cover,snow removal resulted in decreased soil average temperatures in the topsoil(0-30 cm depth)and subsoil(30-60 cm depth)(by 1.48 and 1.34°C,respectively)and increased freeze-thaw cycles(by 11 cycles),consequently decreasing the stability of aggregates in the topsoil and subsoil(by 23.68%and 6.85%,respectively).Furthermore,more recalcitrant carbon and enhanced SOC stability were present in microaggregates(<0.25 mm)at two soil depths.Moreover,reductions in bacterial diversity and network stability were observed in response to snow removal.Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that snow removal indirectly promoted(P<0.01)SOC stability by regulating carbon to nitrogen(C:N)ratio within aggregates.Overall,our study suggested that microaggregate protection and an appropriate C:N ratio enhanced carbon sequestration in response to climate change.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological sequestration represents a critical technology in mitigating climate change.Shale reservoirs demonstrate a pronounced affinity for CO_(2),resulting in adsorption-induced swelling that ...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological sequestration represents a critical technology in mitigating climate change.Shale reservoirs demonstrate a pronounced affinity for CO_(2),resulting in adsorption-induced swelling that significantly impacts permeability,mechanical strength,injection efficiency,and sequestration safety.For this,we tried to explore the key factors driving the swelling of shale upon CO_(2)injection and its subsequent impact on reservoir properties.Utilizing a self-developed high-temperature-pressure gas adsorption apparatus,we measured strain in Jurassic shale at 308 K under constant hydrostatic pressure with helium(He)at 1300 psi(1 psi=6.895 kPa)and CO_(2)at 850 psi.Next,we investigated the influence of CO_(2)concentration on swelling protentional while maintaining constant pressure,uncovering the anisotropic deformation in relation to pressure.It shows that CO_(2)adsorption induces significant swelling in shale,following a Langmuir-type pressure relationship.Deformation is more pronounced perpendicular than that parallel to the bedding plane.At low pressure,vertical swelling is 2.28 times greater than the horizontal;while at high pressure,the vertical compression is 31.26 times greater than the horizontal.It seems that the anisotropic swelling enhances permeability predictions during CO_(2)injection.Mixed gases under constant compression can prompt gas desorption,stress redistribution,and alterations in pore structure,amplifying He compression effect.The strain induced after replacing CO_(2)with He exceeds that from pure He injection.The asynchronous response of CO_(2)-induced swelling and mechanical compression can precipitate crack propagation and fracturing.Overall,anisotropic swelling from CO_(2)adsorption changes pore structure and permeability,affecting fluid flow and storage.Considering CO_(2)concentration and anisotropic characteristics in reservoir modeling is essential for optimizing injection strategies and enhancing reservoir efficiency.展开更多
As the main factor influencing the flow and preservation of underground fluids,wettability has a profound impact on CO_(2)sequestration(CS).However,the influencing factors and internal interaction mechanisms of shale ...As the main factor influencing the flow and preservation of underground fluids,wettability has a profound impact on CO_(2)sequestration(CS).However,the influencing factors and internal interaction mechanisms of shale kerogen wettability remain unclear.In this study,we used molecular dynamics to simulate the influence of temperature,pressure,and salinity on wettability.Furthermore,the results were validated through various methods such as mean square displacement,interaction energy,electrostatic potential energy,hydrogen bonding,van der Waals forces,and electrostatic forces,thereby confirming the reliability of our findings.As temperature increases,water wettability on the surface of kerogen increases.At CO_(2)pressures of 10 and 20 MPa,as the temperature increases,the kerogen wettability changes from CO_(2)wetting to neutral wetting.As the CO_(2)pressure increases,the water wettability on the surface of kerogen weakens.When the pressure is below 7.375 MPa and the temperature is 298 or 313 K,kerogen undergoes a wettability reversal from neutral wetting to CO_(2)wetting.As salinity increases,water wettability weakens.Divalent cations(Mg2+and Ca2+)have a greater impact on wettability than monovalent cations(Na^(+)).Water preferentially adsorbs on N atom positions in kerogen.CO_(2)is more likely to form hydrogen bonds and adsorb on the surface of kerogen than H_(2)O.As the temperature increases,the number of hydrogen bonds between H_(2)O and kerogen gradually increases,while the increase in pressure reduces the number of hydrogen bonds.Although high pressure helps to increase an amount of CS,it increases the permeability of a cap rock,which is not conducive to CS.Therefore,when determining CO_(2)pressure,not only a storage amount but also the storage safety should be considered.This research method and results help optimize the design of CS technology,and have important significance for achieving sustainable development.展开更多
Changes in production-living-ecological spaces(PLES) profoundly affect the global carbon cycle, further challenging socio-ecological system sustainability. However, the impacts of PLES changes on carbon balance have b...Changes in production-living-ecological spaces(PLES) profoundly affect the global carbon cycle, further challenging socio-ecological system sustainability. However, the impacts of PLES changes on carbon balance have been insufficiently discussed under a spatial heterogeneity perspective, resulting in an inadequate understanding of green development. This paper quantified the dynamics of PLES using the transfer matrix method and assessed the carbon balance computed by the ecological support coefficient of carbon emissions(ESC) in Shandong province from 2000 to 2020. The impacts of PLES changes on ESC were further investigated using a geographically weighted regression model. On this basis, carbon balance zones were delineated through cluster analysis. The results indicated that both production and ecological spaces decreased while the living space increased during 2000-2020. Carbon emissions increased and its sequestration decreased. As a result, ESC initially increased and then decreased, exhibiting apparent spatial clustering. The impact of different PLES transfer changes on ESC varies across county sites, with production→living space having the most significant impact on regional ESC and ecology→living space having the most negligible impact. Finally, six types of carbon balance zones were established to reduce carbon emissions. The findings are expected to support policy implementations for reducing carbon emissions and optimizing territorial development through low-carbon land use.展开更多
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:2024KYJD1012。
文摘The potential for CO_(2)sequestration in the goaf of abandoned coal mines is significant due to the extensive fracture spaces and substantial residual coal present.Firstly,the adsorption characteristics of residual coal in goaf on CO_(2)were studied by the isothermal adsorption test of CO_(2).Then,to accurately calculate the amount of adsorbed CO_(2)within the residual coal in the goaf,the bidisperse diffusion numerical model considering only Fick diffusion was modified in combination with the diffusion mechanisms.The simulation results showed that the modified model can well describe the diffusion behavior of CO_(2)in the residual coal matrix.Finally,the numerical simulation of CO_(2)sequestration in the goaf of abandoned coal mines was carried out,and the influence of different injection well deployment positions and various thicknesses of residual coal on the migration law and storage effect of CO_(2)in goaf was analyzed.The results showed that CO_(2)preferentially flowed into the caving zone with higher permeability.The distribution of CO_(2)streamlines in the goaf was the most dense in the caving zone and the streamlines in the fracture zone were gradually sparse from bottom to top.When the injection well was deployed at the interface of the two zones,the CO_(2)had the best seepage path.The total storage capacity within90 days was 7.702754×10^(6)kg,of which the free state storage capacity in the fracture of the goaf and the adsorbed state storage capacity in the residual coal were 6.611451×10^(6)and 1.091303×10^(6)kg,respectively.When the injection well was deployed in the middle of the residual coal seam in the goaf and the middle of the fracture zone,the total storage capacity at the same time was 7.613508×10^(6)and 6.021495×10^(6)kg,respectively.The coal with different thicknesses remaining at the bottom of the goaf significantly affected the adsorbed state storage,but had little effect on the free state storage.When the thickness of the residual coal seam was 0.20,0.35,and 0.50 m,the adsorbed state storage capacity within 130 days was 4.37623×10^(5),7.65791×10^(5),and 1.093406×10^(6)kg,respectively.
基金supported by Research Fellowships for Young Scientists(No.21-6052)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)the Australasian Biological Resources Study research grant program(No.206-50).
文摘The sequestrate genus Chamonixia has been shown to have affinities to the Boletales,in particular the genus Leccinum.Australasian and Japanese species of Chamonixia were examined using morphological and molecular(ITS and nLSU rDNA)data and found to also have affinities with Leccinum and Leccinellum,however they form a distinct clade separate from the European type species C.caespitosa Rolland and North American species.A new genus,Rosbeeva T.Lebel&Orihara gen.nov.,is proposed for the Australasian,Japanese and Chinese taxa.The species R.mucosa(Petri)T.Lebel comb.nov.is restricted in distribution to Singapore and Borneo,and R.pachyderma(Zeller&C.W.Dodge)T.Lebel comb.nov.to New Zealand,with Australian collections considered to belong to a revised R.vittatispora(G.W.Beaton,Pegler&T.W.K.Young)T.Lebel comb.nov.or a new species R.westraliensis T.Lebel sp.nov.The Chinese species R.bispora(B.C.Zhang&Y.N.Yu)T.Lebel&Orihara comb.nov is transferred to the new genus based upon morphological data.Two new species from Japan,Rosbeeva eucyanea Orihara and R.griseovelutina Orihara,are also described and illustrated.A key to all species of Rosbeeva is provided.Due to the highly modified gastroid sporocarp forms of both Chamonixia and Rosbeeva,many macroscopic characters of use in agaricoid taxonomy are difficult to interpret.However,color change and texture of sporocarps are of some use to distinguish genera and species.Microscopic characters such as spore shape,dimensions,and ornamentation,and pileipellis and hymenophoral trama structure,are essential for determining genera and species.
基金financially supported by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)。
文摘Mine filling materials urgently need to improve mechanical properties and achieve low-carbon transformation.This study explores the mechanism of the synergistic effect of optimizing aggregate fractal grading and introducing CO_(2)nanobubble technology to improve the performance of cement-fly ash-based backfill materials(CFB).The properties including fluidity,setting time,uniaxial compressive strength,elastic modulus,porosity,microstructure and CO_(2)storage performance were systematically studied through methods such as fluidity evaluation,time test,uniaxial compression test,mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP),scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis(SEM-EDS),and thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG).The experimental results show that the density and strength of the material are significantly improved under the synergistic effect of fractal dimension and CO_(2)nanobubbles.When the fractal dimension reaches 2.65,the mass ratio of coarse and fine aggregates reaches the optimal balance,and the structural density is greatly improved at the same time.At this time,the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus reach their peak values,with increases of up to 13.46%and 27.47%,respectively.CO_(2)nanobubbles enhance the material properties by promoting hydration reaction and carbonization.At the microscopic level,CO_(2)nanobubble water promotes the formation of C-S-H(hydrated calcium silicate),C-A-S-H(hydrated calcium aluminium silicate)gel and CaCO_(3),which is the main way to enhance the performance.Thermogravimetric studies have shown that when the fractal dimension is 2.65,the dehydration of hydration products and the decarbonization process of CaCO_(3)are most obvious,and CO_(2)nanobubble water promotes the carbonization reaction,making it surpass the natural state.The CO_(2)sequestration quality of cement-fly ash-based materials treated with CO_(2)nanobubble water at different fractal dimensions increased by 12.4wt%to 99.8wt%.The results not only provide scientific insights for the design and implementation of low-carbon filling materials,but also provide a solid theoretical basis for strengthening green mining practices and promoting sustainable resource utilization.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3709500).
文摘Global warming caused by the emission of CO_(2) in industrial flue gas has attractedmore and more attention.Therefore,to fix CO_(2) with high efficiency and environmentally friendly had become the hot research field.Compared with the traditional coal-fired power plant flue gas emission reduction technology,carbon fixation and emission reduction by microalgae is considered as a promising technology due to the advantages of simple process equipment,convenient operation and environmental protection.When the flue gas is treated by microalgae carbon fixation and emission reduction technology,microalgae cells can fix CO_(2) in the flue gas through photosynthesis,and simultaneously absorb NO_(x) and SO_(x) as nitrogen and sulfur sources required for growth.Meanwhile,they can also absorb mercury,selenium,arsenic,cadmium,lead and other heavy metal ions in the flue gas to obtain microalgae biomass.The obtained microalgae biomass can be further transformed into high valueadded products,which has broad development prospects.This paper reviews the mechanisms and pathways of CO_(2) sequestration,the mechanism and impacts of microalgal emission reduction of flue gas pollutants,and the applications of carbon sequestration in industrial flue gas by microalgae.Finally,this paper provides some guidelines and prospects for the research and application of green emission reduction technology for industrial flue gas.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0101300 and 2021YFD1901102)the project supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province,China(2023-JC-YB-185)the Ningxia Key Research and Development Program,China(2023BCF01018)。
文摘Long-term mulching has improved crop yields and farmland productivity in semiarid areas,but it has also increased greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and depleted soil fertility.Biochar application has emerged as a promising solution for addressing these issues.In this study,we investigated the effects of four biochar application rates(no biochar(N)=0 t ha^(-1),low(L)=3 t ha^(-1),medium(M)=6 t ha^(-1),and high(H)=9 t ha^(-1))under film mulching and no mulching conditions over three growing seasons.We assessed the impacts on GHG emissions,soil organic carbon sequestration(SOCS),and maize yield to evaluate the productivity and sustainability of farmland ecosystems.Our results demonstrated that mulching increased maize yield(18.68-41.80%),total fixed C in straw(23.64%),grain(28.87%),and root(46.31%)biomass,and GHG emissions(CO_(2),10.78%;N_(2)O,3.41%),while reducing SOCS(6.57%)and GHG intensity(GHGI;13.61%).Under mulching,biochar application significantly increased maize yield(10.20%),total fixed C in straw(17.97%),grain(17.69%)and root(16.75%)biomass,and SOCS(4.78%).Moreover,it reduced the GHG emissions(CO_(2),3.09%;N_(2)O,6.36%)and GHGI(12.28%).These effects correlated with the biochar addition rate,with the optimal rate being 9.0 t ha^(-1).In conclusion,biochar application reduces CO_(2) and N_(2)O emissions,enhances CH_(4) absorption,and improves maize yield under film mulching.It also improves the soil carbon fixation capacity while mitigating the warming potential,making it a promising sustainable management method for mulched farmland in semiarid areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52204206 and U24A2090)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.2023CDJXY-006).
文摘Geological sequestration of CO_(2)is critical for deep decarbonization,but the geomechanical stability of coal reservoirs remains a major challenge.This study integrates nanoindentation,XRD/SEM-EDS chemo physical characterization and 4D CT visualization to investigate the time-evolving mechanical degradation of bituminous coals with ScCO_(2)injection.The main results show that 4 d of ScCO_(2)treatment caused 50.47%–80.99%increase in load–displacement deformation and 26.92%–76.17%increase in creep depth at peak load,accompanied by 55.01%–63.38%loss in elastic modulus and 52.83%–74.81%reduction in hardness.The degradation exhibited biphasic kinetics,characterized by rapid surface-driven weakening(0–2 d),followed by stabilized matrix-scale pore homogenization(2–4 d).ScCO_(2)preferentially dissolved carbonate minerals(dolomite),driving pore network expansion and interfacial debonding,while silicate minerals resisted dissolution but promoted structural homogenization.These coupled geochemical-mechanical processes reduced the mechanical heterogeneity of the coal and altered its failure modes.The results establish a predictive framework for reservoir stability assessment and provide actionable insights for optimizing CO_(2)enhanced coalbed methane recovery.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42277146)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX22_0273)the Transportation Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.HTSQ(B)2021-249).
文摘Cement treatment,such as cement-mixing columns,is commonly used for deep soft soil improvement to increase the bearing capacity and reduce settlement.However,cement production entails high energy consumption and carbon and pollutant emissions.CO_(2)capture and mineralization represent promising solutions to these issues.This study proposes a sustainable alternative:a novel CO_(2)-carbonated MgO-mixing column that integrates CO_(2)mineralization with soil reinforcement.This approach involves in situ mixing of MgO with deep soil to form columns,which are then carbonated and solidified by injecting captured CO_(2)through gas-permeable pipe piles,achieving both carbon reduction and soil improvement.In this study,CO_(2)-carbonated MgO-mixing columns were comprehensively evaluated to investigate variations in strength,deformation,pH,and CO_(2)sequestration with depth.Two rapid and cost-effective methods to assess its mechanical properties,uniformity,and CO_(2)sequestration capacity are proposed.The results show that the carbonated MgO-treated soil has good strength along the depth direction,with an average unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of 1.02 MPa and a lower pH than that of cement-mixing columns.It also achieves notable CO_(2)sequestration,ranging from 4.88%to 13.10%(average 8.31%),and exhibits good uniformity,as shown by electrical resistivity tests.Needle penetration and electrical resistivity tests could be used to effectively predict the UCS,deformation modulus,and CO_(2)sequestration.XRD,FTIR,SEM,and TG-DTG analyses reveal distinct microstructural differences at various depths,with unhydrated MgO,magnesite,and dypingite/hydromagnesite present in shallow columns,and brucite,nesquehonite,and dypingite/hydromagnesite present in deep columns.These products bind soil particles and fill pores,enhancing the strength of the MgO-mixing column.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development(SATREPS)。
文摘The iron and steel industries generate large amounts of unavoidable CO_(2)emissions as well as considerable quantities of slags.More than one-half of the emitted CO_(2)is produced in blast furnaces during ironmaking,and thus it is meaningful to use blast furnace slags to capture CO_(2)while addressing the byproducts and flue gas of ironmaking.Mineral carbonation of slags is a promising route to achieve carbon neutrality and effective slag utilization.To exploit slag more effectively and capture CO_(2)in flue gas,an in-depth investigation into the carbonation of blast furnace slags generated with different cooling methods was conducted.The effects of the solid–liquid ratio and introduced CO_(2)concentration on carbonation were determined.The CO_(2)uptake capacity of air-cooled slag(0.04 g/g)was greater than that of water-quenched slag.The CO_(2)uptake capacities of the two slags were comparable with those of slags in previous works,indicating the potential of the two slags for CO_(2)sequestration and utilization even with low-energy input and this fact suggests that this process is feasible.
文摘Significant variations in global temperatures and weather patterns over time are known as climate change.Although it occurs naturally,human activities—particularly the burning of fossil fuels,deforestation,and industrial processes—are accelerating these changes,which have various detrimental effects on the environment.This review aims to highlight the edapho-climatic requirements of this cactus and the advantages and challenges of its cultivation to mitigate climate change.The prickly pear cactus is a plant with numerous financial and environmental advantages.It needs well-draining,sandy or gravelly soil to avoid root rot and do best in full sun.With a strong tolerance for dryness,they thrive in arid or semi-arid regions with scorching summers and prefer sparing watering.Despite being suited to tropical climates,some species can tolerate freezing temperatures and sporadic frost.Once established,these hardy plants require little care and thrive in nutrient-poor soils,which makes them perfect for xeriscaping or challenging growing environments.Because of its high water use efficiency ratio and low water requirements,prickly pear can be grown in marginally dry and semi-arid areas.The cactus does contribute to the ecological and socioeconomic fight against climate change.For instance,it supports sustainable agriculture,biodiversity preservation,soil restoration,carbon sequestration,and effective water usage.Demarcating dry and semi-arid zones and fostering employment in these areas is beneficial from a socioeconomic standpoint.The prickly pear’s traditional cultural heritage supports its current economic function as a crop that can withstand drought.While ecological threats necessitate balanced management,this adaptability promotes sustainable growth.Innovations in bioenergy and value-added goods build on its historical applications,increasing its socioeconomic advantages and,eventually,its worldwide significance.
基金funded by the Gansu Provincial Department of Education's University Teacher Innovation Fund Project(2025A-001)the Gansu Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(2024YB088).
文摘Optimizing the spatial pattern of carbon sequestration service is essential for advancing regional low-carbon development,accelerating the achievement of the"dual carbon"goals,and promoting the high-quality development of ecological environment.The carbon sequestration capacity within the mountain-desert-oasis system(MDOS),a unique landscape pattern,exhibits significant gradient characteristics,and its carbon sink potential can be substantially improved through multi-scale spatial optimization.This study employed the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoff(InVEST)model to estimate carbon storage and sequestration(CSS)in the Gansu section of Heihe River Basin,China,a representative MDOS,based on land use/land cover(LULC)data from 1990 to 2020.The Patch-level Land Use Simulation(PLUS)model was coupled to simulate LULC and estimate carrying CSS under natural development(ND),ecological protection(EP),water constraint(WC),and economic development(ED)scenarios for 2035.Furthermore,the study constructed and optimized the CSS pattern on the basis of economic and ecological benefits,exploring the guiding significance of different scenarios for pattern optimization.The results showed that CSS spatial distribution is closely correlated with LULC pattern,and CSS is expected to improve in the future.CSS showed an overall increase across subsystems during 1990–2020,but varied across LULC types.CSS of construction land in all subsystems exhibited an increasing trend,while CSS of unused land showed a decreasing trend,with specific changes of 1.68×103 and 3.43×105 t,respectively.Regional CSS dynamics were mainly driven by conversions among unused land,cultivated land,and grassland.The CSS pattern of MDOS was divided into carbon sink functional region(CSFR),low carbon conservation region(LCCR),low carbon economic region(LCER),and economic development region(EDR).Water resources coordination served as the basis of pattern optimization,while the four dimensions—ecological carbon sink,low-carbon maintenance,agricultural carbon reduction and sink enhancement,and urban carbon emission reduction—framed the optimization framework.ND,EP,WC,and ED scenarios provided guidance as the basic reference,optimal benefit,"dual carbon"baseline,and upper development limit,respectively.Additionally,the detailed CSS sub-partitions of MDOS covered most potential scenarios of such ecosystems,demonstrating the applicability of these sub-partitions.These findings provide valuable references for enhancing CSS and hold important significance for low-carbon territorial spatial planning in the MDOS.
基金funded by the Social Science Research Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Education(No.JAT22073)the Fujian‘Young Eagle Program’Youth Top Talent Program.
文摘Marine algae and shellfish are contributing positively to carbon sinks.As the world’s largest algae and shellfish producer,the carbon sinks potential in China is crucial.Here,the situation of algae and shellfish cultivation in China’s offshore from 2011 to 2020 was elaborated.The intensity of carbon sequestration by algae and shellfish annually was estimated.In 2020,the production of algae and shellfish in China has already reached to 2.62 million tons and 14.8 million tons,with an annual growth rate of 7.03%and 3.14%,respectively.Their annual productivity also maintained an increasing trend,while the rate of productivity increase decreased over ten years except for Porphyra haitanensis,Sinonovacula constricta,and Haliotis discus hannai.Crassostrea gigas and Rudi-tapes philippinarum were the highest fixed carbon shellfish,and Saccharina japonica was the dominant algae.Meanwhile,the rela-tively high carbon sink intensity was found in Shandong,Fujian,and Liaoning.In the last decade,the total carbon sink of algae and shellfish was 1.62 million tons and 7.16 million tons,with an increase of 90.55%and 31.73%,respectively.This created an economic value of 3.293 billion dollars.Results indicated that China’s offshore mariculture algae and shellfish assumed the considerable car-bon sink capacity.Through rational utilization of the carbon sink resources in algae and shellfish,it provides potential ideas for Chi-na to pursue personalized carbon neutrality.
文摘Scarcity of empirical studies turning the concepts into cost-effective practices is a barrier in achieving the desired trajectory and scale of ecosystem restoration.The present study aimed to assess(i)potential of tree-bamboo-medicinal herb mixed plantation founded on the concept of adaptive comanagement in restoration of degraded community forest in a temperate village of Indian Himalaya and(ii)persistence of offer of local people to voluntarily maintain and expand the trial after its economic benefit/cost ratio became>1.0.Biodiversity,carbon stock and economic benefits were assessed in the restored forest 1,3 and 10 years after 7-year-long funding phase(i.e.,8,10 and 20 years after initial planting in 1991),and other land uses in the village landscape.Significant economic loss occurred from gregarious flowering induced mass mortality of bamboo in the 2nd year after funding phase but it was outweighed by the gain from walnut fruiting.People maintained recovery by transplanting Nepalese Alder(Alnus nepalensis)in gaps.The 20-year-old restored forest land had 17%of aboveground and 75%of belowground carbon stocks,and 39%of flowering species present in the intact forest.Restored forest had only four of the eight Near-threatened/Threatened species present in intact forest.Further,intact forest was monetarily the most efficient land use despite absence of payments for its ecosystem services.People did not expand the trial or medicinal plant cultivation in farms induced by it.They abandoned cropping in 39%farm area and leased 24%abandoned area to a company.Flowering plant species richness and carbon stocks changed at the ecosystem scale but not at the village landscape scale.Emission from agricultural abandonment nullified carbon sequestration by forest restoration.Community forest restoration should render both material/monetary and nonmaterial/non-monetary benefits to people.Cultural landscapes should be taken as spatial units for ecosystem restoration planning,monitoring and evaluation.
文摘Blue carbon ecosystems,including mangroves,seagrasses,and salt marshes,play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing atmospheric CO_(2)at rates exceeding those of terrestrial forests.This study explores the potential of HCWs(Human-Controlled Wetlands)in the Italian Venice Lagoon as an underappreciated component of the global blue carbon pool.Using GEE(Google Earth Engine),we conducted a large-scale assessment of carbon sequestration in these wetlands,demonstrating its advantages over traditional in situ methods in addressing spatial variability.Our findings highlight the significance of below-water mud sediments as primary carbon reservoirs,with a TC(Total Carbon)content of 3.81%±0.94%and a stable storage function akin to peat,reinforced by high CEC(Cation Exchange Capacity).GEE analysis identified a redoximorphic zone at a depth of 20-30 cm,where microbial respiration shifts to anaerobic pathways,preventing carbon release and maintaining long-term sequestration.The study also evaluates key factors affecting remote sensing accuracy,including tidal variations,water depth,and sky cover.The strong correlation between field-measured and satellite-derived carbon parameters(R^(2)>0.85)confirms the reliability of our approach.Furthermore,we developed a GEE-based script for monitoring sediment bioturbation,leveraging Sentinel-1 SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)and Sentinel-2 optical data to quantify biological disturbances affecting carbon fluxes.Our results underscore the value of HCWs for carbon sequestration,reinforcing the need for targeted conservation strategies.The scalability and efficiency of remote sensing methodologies,particularly GEE,make them essential for the long-term monitoring of blue carbon ecosystems and the development of effective climate mitigation policies.
基金financially funded by the 14th Five Years Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of China(No.2021YFC2900400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52274151,552104156,52074351,and 22376221)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China(No.2021 RC3125)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2024JJ2074)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2023QNRC 001)。
文摘Growing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions from underground mining have intensified the need for carbon reduction strategies at every stage.Shotcrete used in tunnel support presents a promising opportunity for carbon emission reduction.This study investigates the carbon absorption capacity,mechanical strength,and underlying mechanisms of shotcrete when exposed to varying CO_(2)concentrations during the mine support process.Findings reveal that higher CO_(2)concentrations during the initial stages of carbonation curing enhance early strength but may impede long-term strength development.Shotcrete samples exposed to 2vol%CO_(2)for 14 d exhibited a carbonation degree approximately three times higher than those exposed to 0.03vol%CO_(2).A carbonation layer formed in the shotcrete,sequestering CO_(2)as solid carbonates.In practical terms,shotcrete in an underground return-air tunnel absorbed 1.1 kg·m^(2)of CO_(2)over 14 d,equivalent to treating 33 m^(3)of contaminated air.Thus,using shotcrete for CO_(2)curing in return-air tunnels can significantly reduce carbon emissions,contributing to greener and more sustainable mining practices.
文摘Biochar has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing vineyard sustainability by improving soil properties and mitigating climate change impacts.This review highlights key findings on biochar’s role in viticulture,focusing on its effects on soil fertility,water retention,and plant physiology.Field and pot studies demonstrate that biochar amendments enhance soil structure,increase cation exchange capacity(CEC),and promote water availability,leading to improved drought resistance in grapevines.However,the impacts on grape yield,physiology,and quality remain inconclusive,with some studies reporting benefits while others show neutral effects.Future research should focus on optimizing biochar application rates,understanding its interactions with soil microbiota,and assessing long-term impacts on grape production and wine quality.Additionally,addressing potential risks,such as heavy metal contamination and changes in microbial communities,is crucial for its safe and effective use.This review aims to supply a comprehensive assessment of our knowledge about the incidence and consequences of biochar on soil,including its potential use in soil remediation and concerns regarding its possible negative impacts,with a focus on its effects on vine physiology and grape production.
基金supported by a Research Grant of Pukyong National University(2023)。
文摘Extensive changes in land cover and energy use resulting from urbanization lead to an imbalance in urban thermal conditions,making cities more susceptible to the impacts of climate change.Nature-based solutions(NbS)that leverage the cooling effect of green spaces to mitigate urban heat are gaining attention as a way to improve urban sustainability in the face of climate change.The study evaluated the urban-scale application of NbS's impacts on heat mitigation capacity,air temperature,cooling energy,carbon emissions,and carbon sequestration,as well as the resulting economic benefits using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)Urban Cooling Model(UCM).Green roofs as building adaptations,land use adaptations such as the expansion of urban parks and roadside green space,forest restoration,and multiple adaptations,which are combinations of building and land use adaptations,were considered applicable NbS.Cool roofs were also studied to compare their effects with other urban green infrastructure.The results showed that simultaneously implementing the multiple adaptation methods is the most effective if the applicable areas are sufficient.Considering the implemented area ratio,urban parks are the most effective single adaptive measure,with energy savings of 14.75,8.63,and 1.98 times higher than those of 100%green roofs,cool roofs,and 20%roadside green space expansions,respectively.Restoring forests(21.29 km^(2))can yield 4.7 times higher energy savings than installing 100%green roofs(62 km^(2)).In contrast,deforestation loses more energy and carbon than cool roofs can save.This study can help provide an appropriate strategy for achieving urban carbon neutrality by reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sequestration through NbS in addition to relieving urban temperatures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42222102,41971136,and 42171107)the Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China(No.20230508089RC)the Professional Association of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(No.ANSO-PA-2020-14).
文摘Global climate change exerts profound effects on snow cover,with consequential impacts on microbial activities and the stability of soil organic carbon(SOC)within aggregates.Northern peatlands are significant carbon reservoirs,playing a critical role in mitigating climate change.However,the effects of snow variations on microbial-mediated SOC stability within aggregates in peatlands remain inadequately understood.Here,an in-situ field experiment manipulating snow conditions(i.e.,snow removal and snow cover)was conducted to investigate how snow variations affect soil microbial community and the associated SOC stability within soil aggregates(>2,0.25-2,and<0.25 mm)in a peatland of Northeast China.The results showed that snow removal significantly increased the SOC content and stability within aggregates.Compared to the soils with snow cover,snow removal resulted in decreased soil average temperatures in the topsoil(0-30 cm depth)and subsoil(30-60 cm depth)(by 1.48 and 1.34°C,respectively)and increased freeze-thaw cycles(by 11 cycles),consequently decreasing the stability of aggregates in the topsoil and subsoil(by 23.68%and 6.85%,respectively).Furthermore,more recalcitrant carbon and enhanced SOC stability were present in microaggregates(<0.25 mm)at two soil depths.Moreover,reductions in bacterial diversity and network stability were observed in response to snow removal.Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that snow removal indirectly promoted(P<0.01)SOC stability by regulating carbon to nitrogen(C:N)ratio within aggregates.Overall,our study suggested that microaggregate protection and an appropriate C:N ratio enhanced carbon sequestration in response to climate change.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52121003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52104046).
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))geological sequestration represents a critical technology in mitigating climate change.Shale reservoirs demonstrate a pronounced affinity for CO_(2),resulting in adsorption-induced swelling that significantly impacts permeability,mechanical strength,injection efficiency,and sequestration safety.For this,we tried to explore the key factors driving the swelling of shale upon CO_(2)injection and its subsequent impact on reservoir properties.Utilizing a self-developed high-temperature-pressure gas adsorption apparatus,we measured strain in Jurassic shale at 308 K under constant hydrostatic pressure with helium(He)at 1300 psi(1 psi=6.895 kPa)and CO_(2)at 850 psi.Next,we investigated the influence of CO_(2)concentration on swelling protentional while maintaining constant pressure,uncovering the anisotropic deformation in relation to pressure.It shows that CO_(2)adsorption induces significant swelling in shale,following a Langmuir-type pressure relationship.Deformation is more pronounced perpendicular than that parallel to the bedding plane.At low pressure,vertical swelling is 2.28 times greater than the horizontal;while at high pressure,the vertical compression is 31.26 times greater than the horizontal.It seems that the anisotropic swelling enhances permeability predictions during CO_(2)injection.Mixed gases under constant compression can prompt gas desorption,stress redistribution,and alterations in pore structure,amplifying He compression effect.The strain induced after replacing CO_(2)with He exceeds that from pure He injection.The asynchronous response of CO_(2)-induced swelling and mechanical compression can precipitate crack propagation and fracturing.Overall,anisotropic swelling from CO_(2)adsorption changes pore structure and permeability,affecting fluid flow and storage.Considering CO_(2)concentration and anisotropic characteristics in reservoir modeling is essential for optimizing injection strategies and enhancing reservoir efficiency.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202306440152)the CNPC Science and Technology Major Project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan(Grant No.2021DJ0101)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462022YXZZ007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42102145).
文摘As the main factor influencing the flow and preservation of underground fluids,wettability has a profound impact on CO_(2)sequestration(CS).However,the influencing factors and internal interaction mechanisms of shale kerogen wettability remain unclear.In this study,we used molecular dynamics to simulate the influence of temperature,pressure,and salinity on wettability.Furthermore,the results were validated through various methods such as mean square displacement,interaction energy,electrostatic potential energy,hydrogen bonding,van der Waals forces,and electrostatic forces,thereby confirming the reliability of our findings.As temperature increases,water wettability on the surface of kerogen increases.At CO_(2)pressures of 10 and 20 MPa,as the temperature increases,the kerogen wettability changes from CO_(2)wetting to neutral wetting.As the CO_(2)pressure increases,the water wettability on the surface of kerogen weakens.When the pressure is below 7.375 MPa and the temperature is 298 or 313 K,kerogen undergoes a wettability reversal from neutral wetting to CO_(2)wetting.As salinity increases,water wettability weakens.Divalent cations(Mg2+and Ca2+)have a greater impact on wettability than monovalent cations(Na^(+)).Water preferentially adsorbs on N atom positions in kerogen.CO_(2)is more likely to form hydrogen bonds and adsorb on the surface of kerogen than H_(2)O.As the temperature increases,the number of hydrogen bonds between H_(2)O and kerogen gradually increases,while the increase in pressure reduces the number of hydrogen bonds.Although high pressure helps to increase an amount of CS,it increases the permeability of a cap rock,which is not conducive to CS.Therefore,when determining CO_(2)pressure,not only a storage amount but also the storage safety should be considered.This research method and results help optimize the design of CS technology,and have important significance for achieving sustainable development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101282Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2024AFB952Open Fund of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation,No.30010235-45012。
文摘Changes in production-living-ecological spaces(PLES) profoundly affect the global carbon cycle, further challenging socio-ecological system sustainability. However, the impacts of PLES changes on carbon balance have been insufficiently discussed under a spatial heterogeneity perspective, resulting in an inadequate understanding of green development. This paper quantified the dynamics of PLES using the transfer matrix method and assessed the carbon balance computed by the ecological support coefficient of carbon emissions(ESC) in Shandong province from 2000 to 2020. The impacts of PLES changes on ESC were further investigated using a geographically weighted regression model. On this basis, carbon balance zones were delineated through cluster analysis. The results indicated that both production and ecological spaces decreased while the living space increased during 2000-2020. Carbon emissions increased and its sequestration decreased. As a result, ESC initially increased and then decreased, exhibiting apparent spatial clustering. The impact of different PLES transfer changes on ESC varies across county sites, with production→living space having the most significant impact on regional ESC and ecology→living space having the most negligible impact. Finally, six types of carbon balance zones were established to reduce carbon emissions. The findings are expected to support policy implementations for reducing carbon emissions and optimizing territorial development through low-carbon land use.
