Total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is the most commonly performed elective surgery in the United States. TKA typically improves functional performance and reduces pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. Little is known ab...Total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is the most commonly performed elective surgery in the United States. TKA typically improves functional performance and reduces pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. Little is known about the influence of TKA on overall physical activity levels. Physical activity, defined as "any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure", confers many health benefits but typically decreases with endstage osteoarthritis. The purpose of this review is to describe the potential benefits(metabolic, functional, and orthopedic) of physical activity to patients undergoing TKA, present results from recent studies aimed to determine the effect of TKA on physical activity, and discuss potential sources of variability and conflicting results for physical activity outcomes. Several studies utilizing self-reported outcomes indicate that patients perceive themselves to be more physically active after TKA than they were before surgery. Accelerometry-based outcomes indicate that physical activity for patients after TKA remains at or below pre-surgical levels. Several different factors likely contributed to these variable results, including the use of different instruments, duration of follow-up, and characteristics of the subjects studied. Comparison to norms, however, suggests that daily physical activity for patients following TKA may fall short of healthy agematched controls. We propose that further study of the relationship between TKA and physical activity needs to be performed using accelerometry-based outcome measures at multiple post-surgical time points.展开更多
Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Method...Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Methods:In 2024,a population-based crosssectional survey of individuals aged 15+years was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling design.Trained interviewers utilized selfreported questionnaires to collect data on the prevalence of alcohol use in the past 30 days and past 12 months,as well as heavy episodic drinking(HED).Prevalence estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using weighted methods to account for the complex sampling design.Rao-Scottχ2 tests were applied to compare prevalence differences across demographic subgroups.Results:In 2024,among Chinese individuals aged 15+years,the prevalence of alcohol use was 20.3%in the past 30 days and 27.6%in the past 12 months.Males demonstrated significantly higher rates than females(past-month:34.3%vs.5.9%;past-year:44.5%vs.10.2%),with prevalence peaking in the 25–44 age group(past-month:23.2%;past-year:32.5%).Among current drinkers,the most common drinking frequency was<1 day/month(32.3%).Frequent drinking(≥5 days/week)was reported by 17.5%of current drinkers,with males(20.1%)exceeding females(5.7%).Additionally,42.9%of current drinkers engaged in HED,with males(48.0%)substantially exceeding females(19.9%).Conclusions:The prevalence of alcohol use in China was lower than the global average.However,the proportion of HED among current drinkers was comparatively high.Pronounced gender disparities were observed,with males substantially surpassing females across all indicators.Gender-specific interventions targeting males,particularly those aged 25–44 years,and strategies to reduce HED among current drinkers should be prioritized.展开更多
基金Supported by Grants from the National Institutes of Health,Nos.NIH K23-AG029978 and NIH T32-000279
文摘Total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is the most commonly performed elective surgery in the United States. TKA typically improves functional performance and reduces pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. Little is known about the influence of TKA on overall physical activity levels. Physical activity, defined as "any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure", confers many health benefits but typically decreases with endstage osteoarthritis. The purpose of this review is to describe the potential benefits(metabolic, functional, and orthopedic) of physical activity to patients undergoing TKA, present results from recent studies aimed to determine the effect of TKA on physical activity, and discuss potential sources of variability and conflicting results for physical activity outcomes. Several studies utilizing self-reported outcomes indicate that patients perceive themselves to be more physically active after TKA than they were before surgery. Accelerometry-based outcomes indicate that physical activity for patients after TKA remains at or below pre-surgical levels. Several different factors likely contributed to these variable results, including the use of different instruments, duration of follow-up, and characteristics of the subjects studied. Comparison to norms, however, suggests that daily physical activity for patients following TKA may fall short of healthy agematched controls. We propose that further study of the relationship between TKA and physical activity needs to be performed using accelerometry-based outcome measures at multiple post-surgical time points.
基金Supported by the Chinese Sleep Research Society through the project“Study on the Effect of Smoking on Sleep Disorders”.
文摘Introduction:Alcohol use represents a major public health challenge globally.This survey provides nationally representative data on alcohol consumption patterns among China’s population aged 15 years and above.Methods:In 2024,a population-based crosssectional survey of individuals aged 15+years was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling design.Trained interviewers utilized selfreported questionnaires to collect data on the prevalence of alcohol use in the past 30 days and past 12 months,as well as heavy episodic drinking(HED).Prevalence estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using weighted methods to account for the complex sampling design.Rao-Scottχ2 tests were applied to compare prevalence differences across demographic subgroups.Results:In 2024,among Chinese individuals aged 15+years,the prevalence of alcohol use was 20.3%in the past 30 days and 27.6%in the past 12 months.Males demonstrated significantly higher rates than females(past-month:34.3%vs.5.9%;past-year:44.5%vs.10.2%),with prevalence peaking in the 25–44 age group(past-month:23.2%;past-year:32.5%).Among current drinkers,the most common drinking frequency was<1 day/month(32.3%).Frequent drinking(≥5 days/week)was reported by 17.5%of current drinkers,with males(20.1%)exceeding females(5.7%).Additionally,42.9%of current drinkers engaged in HED,with males(48.0%)substantially exceeding females(19.9%).Conclusions:The prevalence of alcohol use in China was lower than the global average.However,the proportion of HED among current drinkers was comparatively high.Pronounced gender disparities were observed,with males substantially surpassing females across all indicators.Gender-specific interventions targeting males,particularly those aged 25–44 years,and strategies to reduce HED among current drinkers should be prioritized.
