Background: Cognitive restructuring and imagery modification for posttraumatic stress disorder (CRIM-PTSD) is a new intervention that involves only three sessions and focuses on the self-concept. It combines cognitive...Background: Cognitive restructuring and imagery modification for posttraumatic stress disorder (CRIM-PTSD) is a new intervention that involves only three sessions and focuses on the self-concept. It combines cognitive restructuring of core trauma-related dysfunctional beliefs and mental imagery. The effectiveness of CRIM-PTSD has recently been demonstrated in a pilot study. Method: This article presents a step-by-step description of the administration of CRIM-PTSD in a female survivor of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) suffering from PTSD and major depressive disorder related to strong self-blame. Results: The intervention showed substantial reductions in PTSD symptoms and depression in the patient comparable to those observed in the pilot study. Conclusions: CRIM-PTSD might provide an economical tool for reducing PTSD symptoms when only a short time is available for intervention. Furthermore, this tool could be included in well-established PTSD treatments. In addition to the pilot study, a randomized controlled trial is needed to further explore the feasibility and effectiveness of this short intervention.展开更多
Background: A relationship between symptom attitudes and negative affect has consistently been found in a range of different symptom domains. Little is known, however, about the role of different aspects of the self i...Background: A relationship between symptom attitudes and negative affect has consistently been found in a range of different symptom domains. Little is known, however, about the role of different aspects of the self in this relationship. We explored the mediating role of interferences of symptom with the self-concept in the association of menstrual symptom attitudes and depressive mood. Methods: Eighty-one women completed an online survey on menstrual symptom attitudes, perceived interferences of symptoms with various self-aspects and negative mood states. We tested our hypothesis in a mediation analysis. Results: We found a complete mediation of the relationship of symptom attitudes and depressive mood by interferences of symptoms with self-aspects. However, interferences with self-aspects did not play a role in the association of anxious mood and symptom report. Conclusion: The self-concept should receive greater attention in research on symptom attitudes and psychological well-being. This would be particularly important in research on medically unexplained symptom report.展开更多
Background: Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem are important sources of general self-esteem and overall health. Evidence indicates that exercise leads to an enhancement in physical self-concept and physica...Background: Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem are important sources of general self-esteem and overall health. Evidence indicates that exercise leads to an enhancement in physical self-concept and physical self-esteem. Until now however, it remained unclear whether the beneficial effects of exercise were impacted by different types of exercise environments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate, whether the presence or absence of an instructor or other group members influenced elder adults’ physical self-concept and esteem. Method: Participants were 46 women and 20 men (Mean age 65.4, SD = 4.36) who were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups differing across two factors—group versus no-group and instructor versus no-instructor. Participants took part in an 8-week-walking program with a comparable number of training sessions across the four experimental groups. Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem were assessed both pre and post exercise intervention. Results: Descriptively, the highest improvement in physical self-concept and esteem were observed in the instructor/no-group and the no-instructor/group condition. Between these two conditions, no significant difference of change was observed. Moreover, no improvement was observed when both instructor and group were present. Conclusion: Effects of either instructor presence or group presence may be explained by mechanisms of social integration and social support. An unexpected absence of effects on self-concept and esteem under the instructor/group condition are explained with reference to an individual’s cognitive dissonance caused by the need to adapt to different exercise oriented goals or attitudes of the instructor and the group members which might hinder the positive development of the self.展开更多
The quality of object relations affects interpersonal behaviour, but it is not known whether it modifies effectiveness on personality functioning in psychotherapies of different mode and length. In this study we estim...The quality of object relations affects interpersonal behaviour, but it is not known whether it modifies effectiveness on personality functioning in psychotherapies of different mode and length. In this study we estimated the modifying effect of the quality of object relations on the effect of solution-focused therapy (SFT) and shortand long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (SPP and LPP) on self-concept. A total of 326 patients were assessed at baseline with the Quality of Object Relations Scale (QORS) and 4 times during a 3-year follow-up with the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior self-concept questionnaire, comprising altogether 10 scores on different aspects of self-concept pathology. The effectiveness of SFT, but not SPP, was significantly poorer in several domains (5/10) of self-concept for patients with low QORS, i.e. those with less mature relational patterns, than for patients with high QORS, while the reversal occurred in some (3/10) self-concept domains in LPP. The results suggest that the quality of object relations has significance for treatment selection in therapies with different mode and length.展开更多
Although the concept of family functioning has gained recent popularity, the terms ＂family functioning＂ and ＂family resilience＂ are sometimes confused and used interchangeably. The aim of this concept analysis was...Although the concept of family functioning has gained recent popularity, the terms ＂family functioning＂ and ＂family resilience＂ are sometimes confused and used interchangeably. The aim of this concept analysis was to clarify what is meant by family functioning in the context of diabetes self-management by assessing specific attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A concept analysis model by Walker and Avant was applied. The identified attributes of family functioning in a diabetes self-management context included problem-solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behavioral control. Antecedents included family structure, socioeconomic status, family functioning relationships, family stage, and life events. Consequences included family satisfaction, family cohesion, and family relationships. This analysis provided a deeper understanding of a family functioning concept within a diabetes self-management context. It is recommended that health care providers should be aware of antecedent factors that could inhibit outcome improvement. Further research is needed to explain family functioning attributes in relation to antecedents and potential consequences.展开更多
目的探讨基于快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的自我管理方案用于乳腺癌术后患者,旨在促进术后康复、提高自我管理能力,最终降低医疗成本。方法选取2024年1—8月在医院住院的82例行乳腺癌改良根治术女性患者为...目的探讨基于快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的自我管理方案用于乳腺癌术后患者,旨在促进术后康复、提高自我管理能力,最终降低医疗成本。方法选取2024年1—8月在医院住院的82例行乳腺癌改良根治术女性患者为研究对象,按照组间资料具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。后期观察组和对照组各失访1例,最终两组患者各纳入40例。对照组给予乳腺癌患者常规术后护理和化疗相关知识宣教;观察组患者在对照组的基础上实施基于ERAS理念的自我管理方案。分别于干预前和干预后1个月采用癌症患者自我管理效能感量表(SUPPH)、上肢功能障碍简式评分表(DASH)和乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)进行干预效果评测。结果干预前,两组患者SUPPH各维度评分及总分、DASH评分、FACT-B评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后1个月,观察组患者正性态度评分、缓解压力评分、自我决策评分及总分高于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后1个月,观察组患者DASH评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预1个月后,观察组患者FACT-B评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于ERAS理念的自我管理方案应用于乳腺癌术后患者效果较好,能有效提升患者自我管理能力,促进术后肢体康复,提高生命质量。展开更多
Based on the theory of the post method pedagogy and the teaching practice，this paper proposes a new teaching model，the self-correction model，and explains it from the point of view of linking theory.
The American self-concept is the integral assumption of the culture, and the best expression of it is the individualism and self-reliance. In social relations, individualism asserts its influence om many aspects such ...The American self-concept is the integral assumption of the culture, and the best expression of it is the individualism and self-reliance. In social relations, individualism asserts its influence om many aspects such as morality, ethics, or financial matters. Also individualism reflects a continuous frontier between the individual and the cultural. For being self-reliance, Americans approve self-motivation,which in the sense of long-range goals, as well as for a specific and immediate task.展开更多
文摘Background: Cognitive restructuring and imagery modification for posttraumatic stress disorder (CRIM-PTSD) is a new intervention that involves only three sessions and focuses on the self-concept. It combines cognitive restructuring of core trauma-related dysfunctional beliefs and mental imagery. The effectiveness of CRIM-PTSD has recently been demonstrated in a pilot study. Method: This article presents a step-by-step description of the administration of CRIM-PTSD in a female survivor of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) suffering from PTSD and major depressive disorder related to strong self-blame. Results: The intervention showed substantial reductions in PTSD symptoms and depression in the patient comparable to those observed in the pilot study. Conclusions: CRIM-PTSD might provide an economical tool for reducing PTSD symptoms when only a short time is available for intervention. Furthermore, this tool could be included in well-established PTSD treatments. In addition to the pilot study, a randomized controlled trial is needed to further explore the feasibility and effectiveness of this short intervention.
文摘Background: A relationship between symptom attitudes and negative affect has consistently been found in a range of different symptom domains. Little is known, however, about the role of different aspects of the self in this relationship. We explored the mediating role of interferences of symptom with the self-concept in the association of menstrual symptom attitudes and depressive mood. Methods: Eighty-one women completed an online survey on menstrual symptom attitudes, perceived interferences of symptoms with various self-aspects and negative mood states. We tested our hypothesis in a mediation analysis. Results: We found a complete mediation of the relationship of symptom attitudes and depressive mood by interferences of symptoms with self-aspects. However, interferences with self-aspects did not play a role in the association of anxious mood and symptom report. Conclusion: The self-concept should receive greater attention in research on symptom attitudes and psychological well-being. This would be particularly important in research on medically unexplained symptom report.
文摘Background: Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem are important sources of general self-esteem and overall health. Evidence indicates that exercise leads to an enhancement in physical self-concept and physical self-esteem. Until now however, it remained unclear whether the beneficial effects of exercise were impacted by different types of exercise environments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate, whether the presence or absence of an instructor or other group members influenced elder adults’ physical self-concept and esteem. Method: Participants were 46 women and 20 men (Mean age 65.4, SD = 4.36) who were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups differing across two factors—group versus no-group and instructor versus no-instructor. Participants took part in an 8-week-walking program with a comparable number of training sessions across the four experimental groups. Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem were assessed both pre and post exercise intervention. Results: Descriptively, the highest improvement in physical self-concept and esteem were observed in the instructor/no-group and the no-instructor/group condition. Between these two conditions, no significant difference of change was observed. Moreover, no improvement was observed when both instructor and group were present. Conclusion: Effects of either instructor presence or group presence may be explained by mechanisms of social integration and social support. An unexpected absence of effects on self-concept and esteem under the instructor/group condition are explained with reference to an individual’s cognitive dissonance caused by the need to adapt to different exercise oriented goals or attitudes of the instructor and the group members which might hinder the positive development of the self.
文摘The quality of object relations affects interpersonal behaviour, but it is not known whether it modifies effectiveness on personality functioning in psychotherapies of different mode and length. In this study we estimated the modifying effect of the quality of object relations on the effect of solution-focused therapy (SFT) and shortand long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (SPP and LPP) on self-concept. A total of 326 patients were assessed at baseline with the Quality of Object Relations Scale (QORS) and 4 times during a 3-year follow-up with the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior self-concept questionnaire, comprising altogether 10 scores on different aspects of self-concept pathology. The effectiveness of SFT, but not SPP, was significantly poorer in several domains (5/10) of self-concept for patients with low QORS, i.e. those with less mature relational patterns, than for patients with high QORS, while the reversal occurred in some (3/10) self-concept domains in LPP. The results suggest that the quality of object relations has significance for treatment selection in therapies with different mode and length.
基金the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (Lembaga Pengelolah Dana Pendidikan [LPDP] scholarship)Ministry of Higher Education and Research for grant support
文摘Although the concept of family functioning has gained recent popularity, the terms ＂family functioning＂ and ＂family resilience＂ are sometimes confused and used interchangeably. The aim of this concept analysis was to clarify what is meant by family functioning in the context of diabetes self-management by assessing specific attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A concept analysis model by Walker and Avant was applied. The identified attributes of family functioning in a diabetes self-management context included problem-solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behavioral control. Antecedents included family structure, socioeconomic status, family functioning relationships, family stage, and life events. Consequences included family satisfaction, family cohesion, and family relationships. This analysis provided a deeper understanding of a family functioning concept within a diabetes self-management context. It is recommended that health care providers should be aware of antecedent factors that could inhibit outcome improvement. Further research is needed to explain family functioning attributes in relation to antecedents and potential consequences.
文摘目的探讨基于快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的自我管理方案用于乳腺癌术后患者,旨在促进术后康复、提高自我管理能力,最终降低医疗成本。方法选取2024年1—8月在医院住院的82例行乳腺癌改良根治术女性患者为研究对象,按照组间资料具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。后期观察组和对照组各失访1例,最终两组患者各纳入40例。对照组给予乳腺癌患者常规术后护理和化疗相关知识宣教;观察组患者在对照组的基础上实施基于ERAS理念的自我管理方案。分别于干预前和干预后1个月采用癌症患者自我管理效能感量表(SUPPH)、上肢功能障碍简式评分表(DASH)和乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)进行干预效果评测。结果干预前,两组患者SUPPH各维度评分及总分、DASH评分、FACT-B评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后1个月,观察组患者正性态度评分、缓解压力评分、自我决策评分及总分高于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后1个月,观察组患者DASH评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预1个月后,观察组患者FACT-B评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于ERAS理念的自我管理方案应用于乳腺癌术后患者效果较好,能有效提升患者自我管理能力,促进术后肢体康复,提高生命质量。
文摘Based on the theory of the post method pedagogy and the teaching practice，this paper proposes a new teaching model，the self-correction model，and explains it from the point of view of linking theory.
文摘The American self-concept is the integral assumption of the culture, and the best expression of it is the individualism and self-reliance. In social relations, individualism asserts its influence om many aspects such as morality, ethics, or financial matters. Also individualism reflects a continuous frontier between the individual and the cultural. For being self-reliance, Americans approve self-motivation,which in the sense of long-range goals, as well as for a specific and immediate task.
