Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation a...Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.展开更多
The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also ...The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.展开更多
High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched gree...High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.展开更多
As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and probl...As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.展开更多
[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium prot...[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.展开更多
Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eg...Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.展开更多
Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and se...Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.展开更多
In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis ...In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.展开更多
In the face of constantly changing environments,the central nervous system(CNS)rapidly and accurately calculates the body's needs,regulates feeding behavior,and maintains energy homeostasis.The arcuate nucleus of ...In the face of constantly changing environments,the central nervous system(CNS)rapidly and accurately calculates the body's needs,regulates feeding behavior,and maintains energy homeostasis.The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus(ARC)plays a key role in this process,serv-ing as a critical brain region for detecting nutrition-related hormones and regulating appetite and energy homeostasis.Agouti-related protein(AgRP)/neuropeptide Y(NPY)neu-rons in the ARC are core elements that interact with other brain regions through a complex appetite-regulating network to comprehensively control energy homeostasis.In this review,we explore the discovery and research progress of AgRP neurons in regulating feeding and energy metabolism.In addition,recent advances in terms of feeding behavior and energy homeostasis,along with the redundant neural mecha-nisms involved in energy metabolism,are discussed.Finally,the challenges and opportunities in the field of neural regula-tion of feeding and energy metabolism are briefly discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recover...BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.展开更多
Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face in...Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face increasing restrictions due to growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and environmental sustainability.This study investigates the application of bivalent heavy chain variable domain(V_(H)H)constructs(BL1.2 and BL2.2)targeting ETEC virulence factors,administered in feed to mitigate ETEC-induced PWD in weaned piglets.Results The supplementation of BL1.2 and BL2.2 in both mash and pelleted feed significantly reduced the diarrhea incidence and fecal shedding of F4^(+)ETEC in challenged piglets.Pelleted feed containing V_(H)H constructs helped to preserve gut barrier integrity by maintaining levels of the tight junction protein occludin in the small intestine.Additionally,the constructs maintained blood granulocyte counts at a similar level to the non-challenged control group,including neutrophils,and ameliorated the acute phase protein response after challenge.Notably,even at low feed intake immediately after weaning,V_(H)H constructs helped maintain piglet health by mitigating ETEC-induced inflammation and the resulting diarrhea.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that using V_(H)H constructs as feed additives could serve as an effective strategy to help manage ETEC-associated PWD,by reducing F4^(+)ETEC gut colonization and supporting gut barrier function of weaned piglets.The high stability of these V_(H)H constructs supports their incorporation into industrial feed manufacturing processes,offering a more sustainable preventive strategy compared to traditional antimicrobial interventions,which could contribute to sustainable farming practices.展开更多
In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requi...In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requirements of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive and microbiological quality of fish feed formulated from local flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae. The raw materials used for formulation were fishmeal, corn meal, low-grade rice, soybean meal and Hermetia illucens larvae meal. Different iso-protein feed compositions were prepared with 0%, 10%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% incorporation of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a substitute for fish meal. Biochemical and microbiological analyses of these flours were determined using standard methods. The results showed that incorporation of larvae meal had an influence on the biochemical characteristics ash (8.15 to 20.27%), lipid (11.55 to 24.94%), fiber (13.93 to 20.41%) and dry matter (89.65 to 91.19%) of various formulated feed. Loads of fecal Streptococci, Staphylococci, Aeromonas, yeasts and molds ranged from 2.4 to 4.9 log 10 CFU/g;3.6 to 3.9 log 10 CFU/g;2.2 to 2.7 log 10 CFU/g;2.1 to 2.3 log 10 CFU/g, respectively. The level of contamination of these flours was below the microbiological criteria applicable to animal feed. Feed formulated with 0% and 10% Hermetia illucens larvae showed the best nutritive and microbiological characteristics. These results suggest that flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae could be used in fish feed.展开更多
Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To prov...Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To provide fundamental data for MP pollution in Haizhou Bay,we studied the occurrence of microplastics in the intestines of 8 species of fish with different habits and feeding modes.The fish intestines were digested with a 10%KOH solution,and MPs are separated with a glass fiber filter.Then,the size,shape,color,and composition of the MPs were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The results showed the abundance of MP intake ranged from 0.02 items g^(-1) to 0.16 items g^(-1) and the detection rate of MPs ranged from 53.33% to 80% across different fish species.The MP intake in benthic fish and omnivorous fish was significantly higher than that of pelagic fish and predatory fish.Smaller MPs(<0.25 mm)were the dominant types and accounted for 62.50% of the total.The fiber was the prevailing shape of MPs,and the black MPs were the most common,followed by red and yellow ones.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyamide(PA),and polystyrene(PS)were the main components of MPs,accounting for 34.9%,29.9%,and 16.4%,respectively.According to the composition analysis of MPs,the main sources of MPs in fish of Haizhou Bay were attributed to marine aquaculture and port construction.The results are helpful for our better understanding of the status of MP pollution in this area,and further aid in the development of the pointed measures to mitigate and prevent the MP pollution in this ecologically important area.展开更多
This minireview synthesizes literature on the use of feeding jejunostomy tubes(FJTs)in the postoperative management of gastroesophageal cancer patients.Gastrectomy and esophagectomy remain the primary curative treatme...This minireview synthesizes literature on the use of feeding jejunostomy tubes(FJTs)in the postoperative management of gastroesophageal cancer patients.Gastrectomy and esophagectomy remain the primary curative treatments for gastric and esophageal cancers,respectively,but are frequently accompanied by significant postoperative malnutrition,which adversely impacts surgical and oncological outcomes as well as patients’quality of life.To address this,the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Surgery and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommend early enteral feeding through FJT placement following major surgery.While previous studies have demonstrated that FJT is an effective and reliable route for nutritional support,its placement is invasive and carries associated risks.Consequently,many clinicians opt for less invasive alternatives such as total parenteral nutrition or nasogastric tube feeding,although these approaches yield variable results.This review explores the benefits and potential complications of FJT placement,identifies variability in clinical adoption and the absence of standardized protocols,and highlights areas for future research to optimize patient care in this challenging context.展开更多
Feed efficiency(FE)is a crucial economic trait that significantly impacts profitability in intensive sheep production,and can be evaluated by the residual feed intake(RFI)and feed conversion ratio(FCR).However,the und...Feed efficiency(FE)is a crucial economic trait that significantly impacts profitability in intensive sheep production,and can be evaluated by the residual feed intake(RFI)and feed conversion ratio(FCR).However,the underlying genetic mechanisms that underlie FE-related traits in sheep are not fully understood.Herein,we measured the FE-related traits of 1,280 Hu sheep and conducted the phenotype statistics and correlation analysis,the result showcase that there was a large variation for FE-related traits,and RFI was significant positive correlation with average daily feed intake(ADFI)and FCR.Moreover,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted using whole-genome resequencing data to investigate the genetic associations of ADFI,FCR and RFI.For ADFI and FCR traits,2 and one single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)exceeded the genome-wide significance threshold,whereas ten and 5 SNPs exceeded the suggestive significance threshold.For RFI traits,only 4 SNPs exceeded the suggestive significance threshold.Finally,a total of 8 genes(LOC101121953,LOC101110202,CTNNA3,IZUMO3,PPM1E,YIPF7,ZSCAN12and LOC105603808)were identified as potential candidate genes for FE-related traits.Simultaneously,we further analyzed the effects of 2 candidate SNPs associated with RFI on growth and FE traits in enlarged experimental population,the results demonstrated that these 2 SNPs was not significantly associated with growth traits(P>0.05),but significantly related to RFI traits(P<0.05).These findings will provide valuable reference data and key genetic variants that can be used to effectively select feed-efficient individual in sheep breeding programs.展开更多
The widespread ban on in-feed antibiotics in many regions has driven the search for natural alternatives to maintain health and production efficiency in swine and poultry.Phytogenic feed additives(PFAs)derived from he...The widespread ban on in-feed antibiotics in many regions has driven the search for natural alternatives to maintain health and production efficiency in swine and poultry.Phytogenic feed additives(PFAs)derived from herbs and plant extracts have emerged as promising candidates owing to their antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antimicrobial properties.Among these,silymarin—a flavonolignan complex extracted from milk thistle(Silybum marianum)—has attracted particular attention due to its hepatoprotective and growth-promoting activities.This review summarizes the chemical characteristics and mechanisms of action of silymarin/silybin.Also,evidence from both experimental and field studies shows that silymarin improves growth performance,nutrient digestibility,gut health,and reproductive outcomes.Advances in formulation technologies,such as micellization,have been addressed for improved bioavailability of silymarin.Despite these promising results,further long-term field studies and economic evaluations are needed to fully integrate silymarin into commercial animal production systems.展开更多
Objectives Breastfeeding plays a critical role in the healthy development of infants,yet exclusive breastfeeding(EBF)rates remain low,particularly among low-income mothers.This study aimed to develop and validate an A...Objectives Breastfeeding plays a critical role in the healthy development of infants,yet exclusive breastfeeding(EBF)rates remain low,particularly among low-income mothers.This study aimed to develop and validate an AI-based educational innovative solution to increase breastfeeding literacy across caregivers and mothers.Methods The BabyChat(AI-based)was developed through two phases.In phase I,the content was created using the Canvas application,with the idea tree structured through MindMeister,and delivered via the ManyChat tool on Facebook.The focus was on the benefits of EBF during the initial 6 months of life,as recommended by the WHO,and continued breastfeeding until 1,000 days of life.In Phase II,functionality tests were performed using UserTesting and subsequently validated by the Content Validity Index(CVI).Healthcare professionals reviewed the clarity and relevance of the information on a four-point scale.Intra-examiner concordance was assessed by percentage of agreement and the median for each CVI-I point.Results The contents of BabyChat included 8 topics and 18 subtopics(based on relevant contents including nutritional and anatomical aspects,weaning strategies among others)aimed to educate mothers and caregivers.Five mothers participated in evaluation of the BabyChat.Overall,most participants found the chatbot’s question-and-answer functionality clear and helpful,with accurate command execution and timely response speeds,etc.However,two participants noted occasional issues such as misinterpreted questions,delayed command responses,and unclear or hard-to-find interface buttons.A total of four experts in psychology,dentistry,and medicine validated the framework.The agreement rate between experts ranged from 25%to 100%,with median values between 3 and 4,indicating excellent content relevance.Conclusion The BabyChat was developed and validated for use in increasing breastfeeding literacy among caregivers and mothers.Future studies should be considered to expand the BabyChat validation to other healthcare professionals,including nursing staff,to comprehensively capture the impact of BabyChat on mothers,as well as to incorporate population-specific topics that depend on cultural and geographical aspects.展开更多
Globally,gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Gastrectomy combined with periop-erative chemotherapy is currently the standard of care in loca...Globally,gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Gastrectomy combined with periop-erative chemotherapy is currently the standard of care in locally advanced stages,but the completion rate of multimodal approach is influenced also by patient related factors.Malnutrition is a well-known risk factor associated with poor oncological outcomes.Its perioperative supplementation could lead to an im-provement of the nutritional status.This article reviews and comments the retro-spective study conducted by Jaquet et al,which evaluates the impact of enteral nutrition by jejunostomy feeding in patients undergoing gastrectomy for cancer.The authors included 172 patients,35%of whom received jejunostomy.Patients with optimized biological nutritional parameters(body mass index,albumin,prealbumin)showed reduced major complications(>III),according to the Dindo-Clavien classification,0(0%)vs 8(4.7%)(P=0.05).In the era of multimodal treatment,optimization of nutritional and performance status is integral part of the therapeutic strategy.展开更多
The efficiency and mechanism of hydrous iron oxide(HFO)and HFO/calcite mixture to inactivate the phosphorus in the overlying water(OW)/sediment system under the feed adding condition were explored,and the effect of HF...The efficiency and mechanism of hydrous iron oxide(HFO)and HFO/calcite mixture to inactivate the phosphorus in the overlying water(OW)/sediment system under the feed adding condition were explored,and the effect of HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition on the diversity,composition and function of bacterial communities in the sediment was examined.HFO and HFO/calcite mixture direct addition can effectively lower the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus(RSP)and diffusion gradient in thin film-unstable phosphorus(PD GT)in OW and inactivate the P DGTin the upper sediment.The elimination efficiencies of RSP by the direct HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition were 48.9%-97.0%and 42.4%-95.4%,respectively.The alteration in the addition mode from the one-time to multiple direct addition was beneficial to the immobilization of RSP and PD GTin OW and P DGTin the upper sediment by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture under the feed input condition in the long run.Permeable fabric wrapping reduced the inactivation efficiency of RSP in OW by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture,but it made the recycling of these materials possible.Most of P immobilized by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture was relatively or very stable.After the HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition,the composition of bacterial communities in the surface sediment changed.However,the bacterial communities in the amended sediments still can perform good ecological function.Our findings suggest that HFO and HFO/calcite mixture are promising phosphorus-immobilization materials for the inactivation of RSP and PD GTin OW and PD GTin the upper sediment under the feed inputting condition.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302774)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-40)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASIFR-ZDRW202402).
文摘Background Organic selenium(Se)has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues,owing to its high bioavailability,efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity.Selenium-enriched yeast(SeY)is a well-established source,while selenium-enriched lactobacilli(SeL),a newer alternative,offers the added benefits of probiotics.This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality,antioxidant capacity,Se deposition,and gut health in laying hens.After a two-week pre-treatment with a Sedeficient diet(SeD),450 Hy-Line Brown laying hens(30-week-old)were assigned into five dietary groups with six replicates of 15 hens each.The groups included a SeD,SeD supplemented with 1.5 mg Se/kg from SeY(SeY15),or 1.5,3.0,and 6.0 mg Se/kg from SeL(SeL15,SeL30,SeL60).The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks.Results SeY15 and SeL15 improved the feed-to-egg ratio(P<0.05)in the latter stages.Haugh units were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the SeY15 and SeL30 groups,while darker yolk color(P<0.05)was observed in the SeY15,SeL15,and SeL60 groups.All Se-supplemented diets increased Se content in whole eggs,albumen,and yolk(P<0.05),while SeL groups showed a dose-dependent effect.Antioxidant enzyme activities increased,and MDA content decreased in the serum(P<0.05),with SeY15 showing the highest GSH-Px levels(P<0.05).SeL60 increased serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase,and distorted the liver architecture(P<0.05).Se-diets reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the ileum and liver(P<0.05).SeL15 improved the ileal villus height-tocrypt depth ratio(P<0.05).SeY15 and/or SeL15 up-regulated TXNRD1 and SEPHS1 mRNA while down-regulating SCLY expression in the liver.SeY15 altered ileal microbiota by increasing both beneficial and pathogenic bacteria,whereas SeL15 predominantly boosted beneficial bacteria.Conclusion SeL integrates the antioxidant properties of organic Se with the probiotic benefits on gut health,resulting in a performance-enhancing effect comparable to that of SeY.However,high SeL level(6.0 mg Se/kg)compromised productivity and metabolic functions while enhancing Se deposition.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872917 and 81741164)。
文摘The objective of this study was to verify the protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum(BL) and the synergistical effect of Selenium and BL on alcohol plus high fat diet(HFD) induced hepatic injury in mice. We also want to explore the mechanism of Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum(Se BL). C57 BL/6 mice were treated with alcohol plus HFD with or without different dosage of BL or Se BL for 4 weeks. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FFAs, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, hepatic MDA level, SOD activity, the m RNA levels of AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1 were invested. Se BL inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes;reduced serum AST and ALT levels;improved dyslipidemia;decreased serum FFAs, TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Se BL also inhibited alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress through decrease in hepatic MDA levels and increase in SOD activity. Se BL also regulated lipid metabolism related genes such as AMPK, PPAR-α and SREBP1. Although BL had similar effect as Se BL, Se BL is more effective than BL. Se BL protected mice from alcohol plus HFD-induced hepatic injury in mice because of its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular oxidative stress, lipogenesis and inflammation. Selenium enhanced the protective effect of BL.
基金financial sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1604405)Fund of Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources(No.17DZ2252700)Research on the health function of tea and deep-processed products in preventing metabolic diseases(No.C-6105-20-074)。
文摘High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100202)Shaanxi Social Science Fund Program of China(2018S30)Shaanxi Undergraduate Innovation Planning Project of China(201829041).
文摘As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202026)Program for Scientific Research and Technology Development in Xixiangtant District of Nanning City(201710304)+7 种基金the Special Fund for the Innovation-Driven Development in Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-4&AA17202019)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017JM03)the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe415104001-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017YZ03)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Guike AB16380088)the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Key Research and Development Program of Qingxiu District,Guangxi(2016039)the Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NO.2017NZ04)
文摘[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.
文摘Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Project for Innovation-driven Development of Guangxi"High Efficient and Safe Use of Selenium-enriched Soil Resources"(2017AA19015)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Guangxi Province(Gui Ke He 415104001-22)+2 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Gui Ke AB16380088 and Gui Ke AB16380164)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program Project of Nanning City(20152054-13)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of Xixiangtang District of Nanning City(2015312)
文摘Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.
文摘In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.
基金supported by Grants from the Research Funds of the Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM(QYPY20220018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31822026,32271063,31500860,and 32100821)the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project of China(2021ZD0203900).
文摘In the face of constantly changing environments,the central nervous system(CNS)rapidly and accurately calculates the body's needs,regulates feeding behavior,and maintains energy homeostasis.The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus(ARC)plays a key role in this process,serv-ing as a critical brain region for detecting nutrition-related hormones and regulating appetite and energy homeostasis.Agouti-related protein(AgRP)/neuropeptide Y(NPY)neu-rons in the ARC are core elements that interact with other brain regions through a complex appetite-regulating network to comprehensively control energy homeostasis.In this review,we explore the discovery and research progress of AgRP neurons in regulating feeding and energy metabolism.In addition,recent advances in terms of feeding behavior and energy homeostasis,along with the redundant neural mecha-nisms involved in energy metabolism,are discussed.Finally,the challenges and opportunities in the field of neural regula-tion of feeding and energy metabolism are briefly discussed.
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.
基金financially supported by the Green Development and Demonstration Programme(GUDP)(case number 34009-19-1585)。
文摘Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face increasing restrictions due to growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and environmental sustainability.This study investigates the application of bivalent heavy chain variable domain(V_(H)H)constructs(BL1.2 and BL2.2)targeting ETEC virulence factors,administered in feed to mitigate ETEC-induced PWD in weaned piglets.Results The supplementation of BL1.2 and BL2.2 in both mash and pelleted feed significantly reduced the diarrhea incidence and fecal shedding of F4^(+)ETEC in challenged piglets.Pelleted feed containing V_(H)H constructs helped to preserve gut barrier integrity by maintaining levels of the tight junction protein occludin in the small intestine.Additionally,the constructs maintained blood granulocyte counts at a similar level to the non-challenged control group,including neutrophils,and ameliorated the acute phase protein response after challenge.Notably,even at low feed intake immediately after weaning,V_(H)H constructs helped maintain piglet health by mitigating ETEC-induced inflammation and the resulting diarrhea.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that using V_(H)H constructs as feed additives could serve as an effective strategy to help manage ETEC-associated PWD,by reducing F4^(+)ETEC gut colonization and supporting gut barrier function of weaned piglets.The high stability of these V_(H)H constructs supports their incorporation into industrial feed manufacturing processes,offering a more sustainable preventive strategy compared to traditional antimicrobial interventions,which could contribute to sustainable farming practices.
文摘In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requirements of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive and microbiological quality of fish feed formulated from local flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae. The raw materials used for formulation were fishmeal, corn meal, low-grade rice, soybean meal and Hermetia illucens larvae meal. Different iso-protein feed compositions were prepared with 0%, 10%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% incorporation of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a substitute for fish meal. Biochemical and microbiological analyses of these flours were determined using standard methods. The results showed that incorporation of larvae meal had an influence on the biochemical characteristics ash (8.15 to 20.27%), lipid (11.55 to 24.94%), fiber (13.93 to 20.41%) and dry matter (89.65 to 91.19%) of various formulated feed. Loads of fecal Streptococci, Staphylococci, Aeromonas, yeasts and molds ranged from 2.4 to 4.9 log 10 CFU/g;3.6 to 3.9 log 10 CFU/g;2.2 to 2.7 log 10 CFU/g;2.1 to 2.3 log 10 CFU/g, respectively. The level of contamination of these flours was below the microbiological criteria applicable to animal feed. Feed formulated with 0% and 10% Hermetia illucens larvae showed the best nutritive and microbiological characteristics. These results suggest that flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae could be used in fish feed.
基金funded by research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41706142 and 32071615)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(No.CARS-49)the Funding for School-Level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(No.XJR2021035)。
文摘Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To provide fundamental data for MP pollution in Haizhou Bay,we studied the occurrence of microplastics in the intestines of 8 species of fish with different habits and feeding modes.The fish intestines were digested with a 10%KOH solution,and MPs are separated with a glass fiber filter.Then,the size,shape,color,and composition of the MPs were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The results showed the abundance of MP intake ranged from 0.02 items g^(-1) to 0.16 items g^(-1) and the detection rate of MPs ranged from 53.33% to 80% across different fish species.The MP intake in benthic fish and omnivorous fish was significantly higher than that of pelagic fish and predatory fish.Smaller MPs(<0.25 mm)were the dominant types and accounted for 62.50% of the total.The fiber was the prevailing shape of MPs,and the black MPs were the most common,followed by red and yellow ones.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyamide(PA),and polystyrene(PS)were the main components of MPs,accounting for 34.9%,29.9%,and 16.4%,respectively.According to the composition analysis of MPs,the main sources of MPs in fish of Haizhou Bay were attributed to marine aquaculture and port construction.The results are helpful for our better understanding of the status of MP pollution in this area,and further aid in the development of the pointed measures to mitigate and prevent the MP pollution in this ecologically important area.
文摘This minireview synthesizes literature on the use of feeding jejunostomy tubes(FJTs)in the postoperative management of gastroesophageal cancer patients.Gastrectomy and esophagectomy remain the primary curative treatments for gastric and esophageal cancers,respectively,but are frequently accompanied by significant postoperative malnutrition,which adversely impacts surgical and oncological outcomes as well as patients’quality of life.To address this,the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Surgery and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommend early enteral feeding through FJT placement following major surgery.While previous studies have demonstrated that FJT is an effective and reliable route for nutritional support,its placement is invasive and carries associated risks.Consequently,many clinicians opt for less invasive alternatives such as total parenteral nutrition or nasogastric tube feeding,although these approaches yield variable results.This review explores the benefits and potential complications of FJT placement,identifies variability in clinical adoption and the absence of standardized protocols,and highlights areas for future research to optimize patient care in this challenging context.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1300901)the National Key R&D Young Scientists Project of China(2022YFD1302000)+1 种基金the Education Department of Gansu Province:Outstanding Postgraduate“Innovation Star”,China(2022CXZX-086)the Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province,China(22ZD6NC069)。
文摘Feed efficiency(FE)is a crucial economic trait that significantly impacts profitability in intensive sheep production,and can be evaluated by the residual feed intake(RFI)and feed conversion ratio(FCR).However,the underlying genetic mechanisms that underlie FE-related traits in sheep are not fully understood.Herein,we measured the FE-related traits of 1,280 Hu sheep and conducted the phenotype statistics and correlation analysis,the result showcase that there was a large variation for FE-related traits,and RFI was significant positive correlation with average daily feed intake(ADFI)and FCR.Moreover,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted using whole-genome resequencing data to investigate the genetic associations of ADFI,FCR and RFI.For ADFI and FCR traits,2 and one single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)exceeded the genome-wide significance threshold,whereas ten and 5 SNPs exceeded the suggestive significance threshold.For RFI traits,only 4 SNPs exceeded the suggestive significance threshold.Finally,a total of 8 genes(LOC101121953,LOC101110202,CTNNA3,IZUMO3,PPM1E,YIPF7,ZSCAN12and LOC105603808)were identified as potential candidate genes for FE-related traits.Simultaneously,we further analyzed the effects of 2 candidate SNPs associated with RFI on growth and FE traits in enlarged experimental population,the results demonstrated that these 2 SNPs was not significantly associated with growth traits(P>0.05),but significantly related to RFI traits(P<0.05).These findings will provide valuable reference data and key genetic variants that can be used to effectively select feed-efficient individual in sheep breeding programs.
基金supported by the research fund of Dankook University in 2025.
文摘The widespread ban on in-feed antibiotics in many regions has driven the search for natural alternatives to maintain health and production efficiency in swine and poultry.Phytogenic feed additives(PFAs)derived from herbs and plant extracts have emerged as promising candidates owing to their antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antimicrobial properties.Among these,silymarin—a flavonolignan complex extracted from milk thistle(Silybum marianum)—has attracted particular attention due to its hepatoprotective and growth-promoting activities.This review summarizes the chemical characteristics and mechanisms of action of silymarin/silybin.Also,evidence from both experimental and field studies shows that silymarin improves growth performance,nutrient digestibility,gut health,and reproductive outcomes.Advances in formulation technologies,such as micellization,have been addressed for improved bioavailability of silymarin.Despite these promising results,further long-term field studies and economic evaluations are needed to fully integrate silymarin into commercial animal production systems.
基金supported by Hub Mandic(Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic,Campinas,SP,Brazil)。
文摘Objectives Breastfeeding plays a critical role in the healthy development of infants,yet exclusive breastfeeding(EBF)rates remain low,particularly among low-income mothers.This study aimed to develop and validate an AI-based educational innovative solution to increase breastfeeding literacy across caregivers and mothers.Methods The BabyChat(AI-based)was developed through two phases.In phase I,the content was created using the Canvas application,with the idea tree structured through MindMeister,and delivered via the ManyChat tool on Facebook.The focus was on the benefits of EBF during the initial 6 months of life,as recommended by the WHO,and continued breastfeeding until 1,000 days of life.In Phase II,functionality tests were performed using UserTesting and subsequently validated by the Content Validity Index(CVI).Healthcare professionals reviewed the clarity and relevance of the information on a four-point scale.Intra-examiner concordance was assessed by percentage of agreement and the median for each CVI-I point.Results The contents of BabyChat included 8 topics and 18 subtopics(based on relevant contents including nutritional and anatomical aspects,weaning strategies among others)aimed to educate mothers and caregivers.Five mothers participated in evaluation of the BabyChat.Overall,most participants found the chatbot’s question-and-answer functionality clear and helpful,with accurate command execution and timely response speeds,etc.However,two participants noted occasional issues such as misinterpreted questions,delayed command responses,and unclear or hard-to-find interface buttons.A total of four experts in psychology,dentistry,and medicine validated the framework.The agreement rate between experts ranged from 25%to 100%,with median values between 3 and 4,indicating excellent content relevance.Conclusion The BabyChat was developed and validated for use in increasing breastfeeding literacy among caregivers and mothers.Future studies should be considered to expand the BabyChat validation to other healthcare professionals,including nursing staff,to comprehensively capture the impact of BabyChat on mothers,as well as to incorporate population-specific topics that depend on cultural and geographical aspects.
文摘Globally,gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Gastrectomy combined with periop-erative chemotherapy is currently the standard of care in locally advanced stages,but the completion rate of multimodal approach is influenced also by patient related factors.Malnutrition is a well-known risk factor associated with poor oncological outcomes.Its perioperative supplementation could lead to an im-provement of the nutritional status.This article reviews and comments the retro-spective study conducted by Jaquet et al,which evaluates the impact of enteral nutrition by jejunostomy feeding in patients undergoing gastrectomy for cancer.The authors included 172 patients,35%of whom received jejunostomy.Patients with optimized biological nutritional parameters(body mass index,albumin,prealbumin)showed reduced major complications(>III),according to the Dindo-Clavien classification,0(0%)vs 8(4.7%)(P=0.05).In the era of multimodal treatment,optimization of nutritional and performance status is integral part of the therapeutic strategy.
基金supported by the Capacity Building Project of Local University of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.10230502900)the Program for Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture animals(No.2021-KJ-02-12)the Innovation Project for Chongming Agriculture Industry from Chongming District Agriculture Commission of Shanghai(No.2022CNKC-01-05)。
文摘The efficiency and mechanism of hydrous iron oxide(HFO)and HFO/calcite mixture to inactivate the phosphorus in the overlying water(OW)/sediment system under the feed adding condition were explored,and the effect of HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition on the diversity,composition and function of bacterial communities in the sediment was examined.HFO and HFO/calcite mixture direct addition can effectively lower the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus(RSP)and diffusion gradient in thin film-unstable phosphorus(PD GT)in OW and inactivate the P DGTin the upper sediment.The elimination efficiencies of RSP by the direct HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition were 48.9%-97.0%and 42.4%-95.4%,respectively.The alteration in the addition mode from the one-time to multiple direct addition was beneficial to the immobilization of RSP and PD GTin OW and P DGTin the upper sediment by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture under the feed input condition in the long run.Permeable fabric wrapping reduced the inactivation efficiency of RSP in OW by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture,but it made the recycling of these materials possible.Most of P immobilized by HFO and HFO/calcite mixture was relatively or very stable.After the HFO and HFO/calcite mixture addition,the composition of bacterial communities in the surface sediment changed.However,the bacterial communities in the amended sediments still can perform good ecological function.Our findings suggest that HFO and HFO/calcite mixture are promising phosphorus-immobilization materials for the inactivation of RSP and PD GTin OW and PD GTin the upper sediment under the feed inputting condition.
