We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of...We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of the results in[13,20],but under weaker assumptions.Some applications of our results are also provided.展开更多
A way to extend operators in spaces of continuous functions to spaces of continuous set_valued functions is proposed. This extension is developed through the Steiner selections of the set_valued functions. Their prope...A way to extend operators in spaces of continuous functions to spaces of continuous set_valued functions is proposed. This extension is developed through the Steiner selections of the set_valued functions. Their properties and characteristics of the convergence of sequences of operators of this class are studied. In Part Ⅱ of this series some applications to approximation theory will be shown.展开更多
The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as ap...The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as applications of the above fixed point theorems, some section problems are discussed. The results generalize and improve many corresponding conclusions.展开更多
On the basis of Part (Ⅰ) of this series some applications to the approximation of set_valued functions are obtained: Korovkin type theorems, a method to extend classical approximation operators to the set_valued sett...On the basis of Part (Ⅰ) of this series some applications to the approximation of set_valued functions are obtained: Korovkin type theorems, a method to extend classical approximation operators to the set_valued setting and a Jackson type estimate.展开更多
In this paper,we prove that if X is an almost convex and 2-strictly convex space,linear operator T:X→Y is bounded,N(T)is an approximative compact Chebyshev subspace of X and R(T)is a 3-Chebyshev hyperplane,then there...In this paper,we prove that if X is an almost convex and 2-strictly convex space,linear operator T:X→Y is bounded,N(T)is an approximative compact Chebyshev subspace of X and R(T)is a 3-Chebyshev hyperplane,then there exists a homogeneous selection T^(σ)of T^(■)such that continuous points of T^(σ)and T^(■)are dense on Y.展开更多
We shall introduce 1-type Lipschitz multifunctions from R into generalized 2-normed spaces, and give some results about their 1-type Lipschitz selections.
Five male kiwifruit selections Truwind M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 bred by Hunan Horticultural Research Institute (HHRI)have been observed on the suitability,of which Truwind M1,M2 and M3 are Actinidia chinensis,Truwind M4 ...Five male kiwifruit selections Truwind M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 bred by Hunan Horticultural Research Institute (HHRI)have been observed on the suitability,of which Truwind M1,M2 and M3 are Actinidia chinensis,Truwind M4 and M5 are Actinidia deliciosa. In terms of flower period Truwind M1 is early and 7 days, which is the suitable pollinator for‘Fengyue’;Truwind M2 is intermediate with 15 days,suitable for ‘Kuimi’and‘Lushanxiang’;Truwind M3 and M4 are 14 days and 13 days respectively,suitable for‘Cuiyu’and‘Miliang 1’;Truwind M5 is late and 8 days, suitable for‘Jinkui’,‘Qinxiang’and‘Hayward’.展开更多
In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asy...In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asymptotic stability of the trivial solution and the positive periodic solution.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate our results.Our results show that age-selective harvesting is more conducive to sustainable population survival than non-age-selective harvesting.展开更多
Soft magnetic alloys are extensively used in various power electronic devices due to their advantageous properties,including high saturation magnetic induction,low coercivity,and high permeability.In certain applicati...Soft magnetic alloys are extensively used in various power electronic devices due to their advantageous properties,including high saturation magnetic induction,low coercivity,and high permeability.In certain applications,complex-shaped components are increasingly required for performance enhancement.Additive manufacturing technique,particularly selective laser melting(SLM),has emerged as an effective method for fabricating such complex-shaped soft magnetic components.SLM,a laserbased additive manufacturing technique,employs high-power-density lasers to melt and fuse metal powders within a powder bed selectively.This approach enables rapid prototyping,precise geometrical control,and the integration of multi-material designs.This review highlights recent advancements in the application of SLM technique for the production of soft magnetic alloys,focusing on Fe-Si,Fe-Ni,Fe-Co,and amorphous alloy systems.Moreover,it explores the implementation of SLM in manufacturing processes and evaluates both the opportunities and challenges associated with SLM-based production of soft magnetic alloys.展开更多
To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the...To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the alloy across different planes were investigated.The anisotropy of SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys was analyzed,and the electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to investigate the influence of different grain types and orientations on the stress-strain distribution at various scales.Results reveal that in room-temperature compression tests at a strain rate of 10^(-3) s^(-1),both the compressive yield strength and microhardness vary along the deposition direction,indicating a certain degree of mechanical property anisotropy.The alloy exhibits a columnar microstructure;along the deposition direction,the grains appear equiaxed,and they have internal hexagonal close-packed(hcp)α/α'martensitic structure.α'phase has a preferential orientation approximately along the<0001>direction.Anisotropy arises from the high aspect ratio of columnar grains,along with the weak texture of the microstructure and low symmetry of the hcp crystal structure.展开更多
Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The a...Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The applicability and antimicrobial efficacy of these nanomaterials were systematically investigated for metal ion sensing.Experimental evidence demonstrated that the Ag‑CDs exhibited a pronounced fluorescence quenching response toward ferric ions(Fe^(3+)),enabling their quantitative determination via a linear concentration‑dependent relationship.These Ag‑CDs exhibited significant inhibitory effects on biofilm growth and disruption for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Mechanism investigations indicate that Ag‑CDs induced the death of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disrupting their bacterial morphology and structure,triggering the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),and impairing their antioxidant defense system.展开更多
Dear Editors,This letter,reflecting on my research career,is dedi-cated to Professor Qingshi Zhu for his 80th Birthday.Part of this letter is based on my comment“A 20-year journey on the invention of vibrational phot...Dear Editors,This letter,reflecting on my research career,is dedi-cated to Professor Qingshi Zhu for his 80th Birthday.Part of this letter is based on my comment“A 20-year journey on the invention of vibrational photothermal microscopy”published in the May 2025 Nature Meth-ods Focus Issue on Bond-Selective Imaging[1].展开更多
The Financial Technology(FinTech)sector has witnessed rapid growth,resulting in increasingly complex and high-volume digital transactions.Although this expansion improves efficiency and accessibility,it also introduce...The Financial Technology(FinTech)sector has witnessed rapid growth,resulting in increasingly complex and high-volume digital transactions.Although this expansion improves efficiency and accessibility,it also introduces significant vulnerabilities,including fraud,money laundering,and market manipulation.Traditional anomaly detection techniques often fail to capture the relational and dynamic characteristics of financial data.Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),capable of modeling intricate interdependencies among entities,have emerged as a powerful framework for detecting subtle and sophisticated anomalies.However,the high-dimensionality and inherent noise of FinTech datasets demand robust feature selection strategies to improve model scalability,performance,and interpretability.This paper presents a comprehensive survey of GNN-based approaches for anomaly detection in FinTech,with an emphasis on the synergistic role of feature selection.We examine the theoretical foundations of GNNs,review state-of-the-art feature selection techniques,analyze their integration with GNNs,and categorize prevalent anomaly types in FinTech applications.In addition,we discuss practical implementation challenges,highlight representative case studies,and propose future research directions to advance the field of graph-based anomaly detection in financial systems.展开更多
Directly burning methane for energy production wastes chemical potential and exacerbates CO_(2) emissions,while catalytic conversion into high-value fuel/chemicals provides economic and environmental sustainability.Ph...Directly burning methane for energy production wastes chemical potential and exacerbates CO_(2) emissions,while catalytic conversion into high-value fuel/chemicals provides economic and environmental sustainability.Photocatalytic CH_(4) conversion has emerged as a transformative technology,enabling selective oxidation under ambient conditions to directly synthesize value-added organic compounds.This addresses the dual challenges of climate mitigation and sustainable energy conversion.This review systematically examines the development of photocata lytic CH_(4) conversion,with three key dimensions.Firstly,we elucidate fundamental reaction mechanisms governing CH_(4) activation,emphasizing critical steps such as C-H bond scission via charge transfer,intermediate stabilization,and product desorption kinetics.Subsequently,we classify emerging photocata lytic pathways(partial oxidation,coupling,and reforming)and analyze material innovations.Finally,the challenges of the current photocata lytic CH_(4)conversion system and catalyst development were discussed,and perspectives were presented.The overarching objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive roadmap for the development of solardriven CH_(4) conversion systems that are aligned with global carbon neutrality goals.展开更多
By means the in situ halogenation of the vinyl C-H bond in o-hydroxyphenyl enaminones,the step efficient synthesis of 3-diphenylphosphinyl chromones has been realized through the challenging construction of C-P(Ⅲ) bo...By means the in situ halogenation of the vinyl C-H bond in o-hydroxyphenyl enaminones,the step efficient synthesis of 3-diphenylphosphinyl chromones has been realized through the challenging construction of C-P(Ⅲ) bond by using diphenyl phosphine as reaction partner.In addition,the tunable synthesis of 2-phosphoryl chromanones has been achieved via hydrophosphorylation by simply modifying reaction conditions without using metal reagent.展开更多
With the increasing complexity of vehicular networks and the proliferation of connected vehicles,Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a critical framework for decentralized model training while preserving data privacy...With the increasing complexity of vehicular networks and the proliferation of connected vehicles,Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a critical framework for decentralized model training while preserving data privacy.However,efficient client selection and adaptive weight allocation in heterogeneous and non-IID environments remain challenging.To address these issues,we propose Federated Learning with Client Selection and Adaptive Weighting(FedCW),a novel algorithm that leverages adaptive client selection and dynamic weight allocation for optimizing model convergence in real-time vehicular networks.FedCW selects clients based on their Euclidean distance from the global model and dynamically adjusts aggregation weights to optimize both data diversity and model convergence.Experimental results show that FedCW significantly outperforms existing FL algorithms such as FedAvg,FedProx,and SCAFFOLD,particularly in non-IID settings,achieving faster convergence,higher accuracy,and reduced communication overhead.These findings demonstrate that FedCW provides an effective solution for enhancing the performance of FL in heterogeneous,edge-based computing environments.展开更多
Nanoporous polymers are extensively coated on various substrates to deliver optical,permselective,or other functions.However,it remains desired to fast produce uniform nanoporous polymer coatings on substrates with co...Nanoporous polymers are extensively coated on various substrates to deliver optical,permselective,or other functions.However,it remains desired to fast produce uniform nanoporous polymer coatings on substrates with complex surfaces.Herein,by manipulating the interactions between block copolymers and selective solvents,we prepare repairable nanoporous polymers on arbitrary substrates.This is realized by an extremely simple sequential coating process:sequential coating of block copolymers and their swelling agents on substrate surfaces.The swelling agents are comprised of two solvents that swell the constituent blocks of the copolymers to different degrees,rapidly producing polymer coatings with uniform,interconnected,sub-50 nm pores.This sequential coating process is able to conformally build nanoporous polymers on nonplanar substrates with large lateral sizes and complex surface features,and also to in situ repair defects arising during usages.We further demonstrate that the nanoporous coatings show excellent antireflective and membrane separation performances.This sequential coating process is dictated by polymer–solvent interactions,and is expected to find applications in diverse fields for its simplicity,adaptability,and the capability to produce well-defined nanoporosities.展开更多
Selective depression of pyrite remains a major bottleneck in copper flotation,particularly when high-pyrite ores are processed and saline water is used.In such environments,conventional approaches using lime and inert...Selective depression of pyrite remains a major bottleneck in copper flotation,particularly when high-pyrite ores are processed and saline water is used.In such environments,conventional approaches using lime and inert grinding media often fail to discriminate ef-fectively between pyrite and valuable copper minerals due to strong copper activation on pyrite surfaces.This study introduced a novel approach using inorganic radicals generated from peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to selectively oxidize and depress pyrite.Flotation tests with synthetic high-pyrite ore blends showed that PMS significantly reduced pyrite recovery while maintaining or improving chalcopyrite flot-ation.Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)extraction confirmed selective oxidation of pyrite,and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectroscopy identified hydroxyl(·OH)and sulfate(SO_(4)^(·-))radicals as the dominant reactive species.Iron ions from grinding me-dia and mineral surfaces were identified as key activators of PMS.A major insight was pyrite’s dual role,acting both as a radical scav-enger and an activator,which made it highly reactive and susceptible to radical-induced oxidation.This process converted surface copper-sulfur species into copper hydroxides,effectively suppressing pyrite flotation.While previous studies have applied EPR to detect radicals in simplified activator/precursor systems,this study provides the first direct mechanistic evidence of radical-driven selectivity in flotation by detecting inorganic radicals in a complex flotation slurry,thereby demonstrating their persistence under industrially relevant conditions and establishing a foundation for more effective and targeted flotation strategies.展开更多
Coordinate transformation models often fail to account for nonlinear and spatially dependent distortions,leading to significant residual errors in geospatial applications.Here,we propose a residual-based neural correc...Coordinate transformation models often fail to account for nonlinear and spatially dependent distortions,leading to significant residual errors in geospatial applications.Here,we propose a residual-based neural correction(RBNC)strategy,in which a neural network learns to model only the systematic distortions left by an initial geometric transformation.By focusing solely on residual patterns,RBNC reduces model complexity and improves performance,particularly in scenarios with sparse or structured control point configurations.We evaluate the method using both simulated datasets(with varying distortion intensities and sampling strategies)and real-world image georeferencing tasks.Compared with direct neural network coordinate converters and classical transformation models,RBNC delivers more accurate and stable results under challenging conditions,while maintaining comparable performance in ideal cases.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of residual modelling as a light-weight and robust alternative for improving coordinate transformation accuracy.展开更多
Populus species,important economic species combining rapid growth with broad ecological adaptability,play a critical role in sustainable forestry and bioenergy production.In this study,we performed whole-genome resequ...Populus species,important economic species combining rapid growth with broad ecological adaptability,play a critical role in sustainable forestry and bioenergy production.In this study,we performed whole-genome resequencing of 707 individuals from a full-sib family to develop comprehensive single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers and constructed a high-density genetic linkage map of 19 linkage groups.The total genetic length of the map reached 3623.65 cM with an average marker interval of 0.34 cM.By integrating multidimensional phenotypic data,89 quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with growth,wood physical and chemical properties,disease resistance,and leaf morphology traits were identified,with logarithm of odds(LOD)scores ranging from 3.13 to 21.72 Notably,pleiotropic analysis revealed significant colocaliza and phenotypic variance explained between 1.7% and 11.6%.-tion hotspots on chromosomes LG1,LG5,LG6,LG8,and LG14,with epistatic interaction network analysis confirming genetic basis of coordinated regulation across multiple traits.Functional annotation of 207 candidate genes showed that R2R3-MYB and bHLH transcription factors and pyruvate kinase-encoding genes were significantly enriched,suggesting crucial roles in lignin biosynthesis and carbon metabolic pathways.Allelic effect analysis indicated that the frequency of favorable alleles associated with target traits ranged from 0.20 to 0.55.Incorporation of QTL-derived favorable alleles as random effects into Bayesian-based genomic selection models led to an increase in prediction accuracy ranging from 1% to 21%,with Bayesian ridge regression as the best predictive model.This study provides valuable genomic resources and genetic insights for deciphering complex trait architecture and advancing molecular breeding in poplar.展开更多
文摘We discuss the set-valued dynamics related to the theory of functional equations.We look for selections of convex set-valued functions satisfying set-valued Euler-Lagrange inclusions.We improve and extend upon some of the results in[13,20],but under weaker assumptions.Some applications of our results are also provided.
文摘A way to extend operators in spaces of continuous functions to spaces of continuous set_valued functions is proposed. This extension is developed through the Steiner selections of the set_valued functions. Their properties and characteristics of the convergence of sequences of operators of this class are studied. In Part Ⅱ of this series some applications to approximation theory will be shown.
文摘The concept of finitely continuous topological space is introduced and the basic properties of the space are given. Several continuous selection theorems and fixed point theorems for Ф-maps are established, and as applications of the above fixed point theorems, some section problems are discussed. The results generalize and improve many corresponding conclusions.
文摘On the basis of Part (Ⅰ) of this series some applications to the approximation of set_valued functions are obtained: Korovkin type theorems, a method to extend classical approximation operators to the set_valued setting and a Jackson type estimate.
基金supported by the“China Natural Science Fund under grant 11871181”the“China Natural Science Fund under grant 11561053”。
文摘In this paper,we prove that if X is an almost convex and 2-strictly convex space,linear operator T:X→Y is bounded,N(T)is an approximative compact Chebyshev subspace of X and R(T)is a 3-Chebyshev hyperplane,then there exists a homogeneous selection T^(σ)of T^(■)such that continuous points of T^(σ)and T^(■)are dense on Y.
文摘We shall introduce 1-type Lipschitz multifunctions from R into generalized 2-normed spaces, and give some results about their 1-type Lipschitz selections.
文摘Five male kiwifruit selections Truwind M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 bred by Hunan Horticultural Research Institute (HHRI)have been observed on the suitability,of which Truwind M1,M2 and M3 are Actinidia chinensis,Truwind M4 and M5 are Actinidia deliciosa. In terms of flower period Truwind M1 is early and 7 days, which is the suitable pollinator for‘Fengyue’;Truwind M2 is intermediate with 15 days,suitable for ‘Kuimi’and‘Lushanxiang’;Truwind M3 and M4 are 14 days and 13 days respectively,suitable for‘Cuiyu’and‘Miliang 1’;Truwind M5 is late and 8 days, suitable for‘Jinkui’,‘Qinxiang’and‘Hayward’.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12261018)Universities Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Data Mining in Guizhou Province(2023013)。
文摘In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asymptotic stability of the trivial solution and the positive periodic solution.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate our results.Our results show that age-selective harvesting is more conducive to sustainable population survival than non-age-selective harvesting.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171191,52371198)Project of Constructing National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zones(XM2024XTGXQ05)。
文摘Soft magnetic alloys are extensively used in various power electronic devices due to their advantageous properties,including high saturation magnetic induction,low coercivity,and high permeability.In certain applications,complex-shaped components are increasingly required for performance enhancement.Additive manufacturing technique,particularly selective laser melting(SLM),has emerged as an effective method for fabricating such complex-shaped soft magnetic components.SLM,a laserbased additive manufacturing technique,employs high-power-density lasers to melt and fuse metal powders within a powder bed selectively.This approach enables rapid prototyping,precise geometrical control,and the integration of multi-material designs.This review highlights recent advancements in the application of SLM technique for the production of soft magnetic alloys,focusing on Fe-Si,Fe-Ni,Fe-Co,and amorphous alloy systems.Moreover,it explores the implementation of SLM in manufacturing processes and evaluates both the opportunities and challenges associated with SLM-based production of soft magnetic alloys.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51504138,51674118,52271177)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023JJ50181)Supported by State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(P2024-022)。
文摘To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the alloy across different planes were investigated.The anisotropy of SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys was analyzed,and the electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to investigate the influence of different grain types and orientations on the stress-strain distribution at various scales.Results reveal that in room-temperature compression tests at a strain rate of 10^(-3) s^(-1),both the compressive yield strength and microhardness vary along the deposition direction,indicating a certain degree of mechanical property anisotropy.The alloy exhibits a columnar microstructure;along the deposition direction,the grains appear equiaxed,and they have internal hexagonal close-packed(hcp)α/α'martensitic structure.α'phase has a preferential orientation approximately along the<0001>direction.Anisotropy arises from the high aspect ratio of columnar grains,along with the weak texture of the microstructure and low symmetry of the hcp crystal structure.
文摘Herein,antibacterial silver‑doped fluorescent carbon dots(Ag‑CDs)were synthesized through a stepwise hydrothermal method,with polyethyleneimine(PEI),citric acid(CA),and silver nitrate(AgNO3)serving as precursors.The applicability and antimicrobial efficacy of these nanomaterials were systematically investigated for metal ion sensing.Experimental evidence demonstrated that the Ag‑CDs exhibited a pronounced fluorescence quenching response toward ferric ions(Fe^(3+)),enabling their quantitative determination via a linear concentration‑dependent relationship.These Ag‑CDs exhibited significant inhibitory effects on biofilm growth and disruption for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Mechanism investigations indicate that Ag‑CDs induced the death of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disrupting their bacterial morphology and structure,triggering the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),and impairing their antioxidant defense system.
文摘Dear Editors,This letter,reflecting on my research career,is dedi-cated to Professor Qingshi Zhu for his 80th Birthday.Part of this letter is based on my comment“A 20-year journey on the invention of vibrational photothermal microscopy”published in the May 2025 Nature Meth-ods Focus Issue on Bond-Selective Imaging[1].
基金supported by Ho Chi Minh City Open University,Vietnam under grant number E2024.02.1CD and Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Thailand.
文摘The Financial Technology(FinTech)sector has witnessed rapid growth,resulting in increasingly complex and high-volume digital transactions.Although this expansion improves efficiency and accessibility,it also introduces significant vulnerabilities,including fraud,money laundering,and market manipulation.Traditional anomaly detection techniques often fail to capture the relational and dynamic characteristics of financial data.Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),capable of modeling intricate interdependencies among entities,have emerged as a powerful framework for detecting subtle and sophisticated anomalies.However,the high-dimensionality and inherent noise of FinTech datasets demand robust feature selection strategies to improve model scalability,performance,and interpretability.This paper presents a comprehensive survey of GNN-based approaches for anomaly detection in FinTech,with an emphasis on the synergistic role of feature selection.We examine the theoretical foundations of GNNs,review state-of-the-art feature selection techniques,analyze their integration with GNNs,and categorize prevalent anomaly types in FinTech applications.In addition,we discuss practical implementation challenges,highlight representative case studies,and propose future research directions to advance the field of graph-based anomaly detection in financial systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52500142)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents under Grant Number BX20250334the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Certificate Number:2025M771285)。
文摘Directly burning methane for energy production wastes chemical potential and exacerbates CO_(2) emissions,while catalytic conversion into high-value fuel/chemicals provides economic and environmental sustainability.Photocatalytic CH_(4) conversion has emerged as a transformative technology,enabling selective oxidation under ambient conditions to directly synthesize value-added organic compounds.This addresses the dual challenges of climate mitigation and sustainable energy conversion.This review systematically examines the development of photocata lytic CH_(4) conversion,with three key dimensions.Firstly,we elucidate fundamental reaction mechanisms governing CH_(4) activation,emphasizing critical steps such as C-H bond scission via charge transfer,intermediate stabilization,and product desorption kinetics.Subsequently,we classify emerging photocata lytic pathways(partial oxidation,coupling,and reforming)and analyze material innovations.Finally,the challenges of the current photocata lytic CH_(4)conversion system and catalyst development were discussed,and perspectives were presented.The overarching objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive roadmap for the development of solardriven CH_(4) conversion systems that are aligned with global carbon neutrality goals.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22261026)。
文摘By means the in situ halogenation of the vinyl C-H bond in o-hydroxyphenyl enaminones,the step efficient synthesis of 3-diphenylphosphinyl chromones has been realized through the challenging construction of C-P(Ⅲ) bond by using diphenyl phosphine as reaction partner.In addition,the tunable synthesis of 2-phosphoryl chromanones has been achieved via hydrophosphorylation by simply modifying reaction conditions without using metal reagent.
文摘With the increasing complexity of vehicular networks and the proliferation of connected vehicles,Federated Learning(FL)has emerged as a critical framework for decentralized model training while preserving data privacy.However,efficient client selection and adaptive weight allocation in heterogeneous and non-IID environments remain challenging.To address these issues,we propose Federated Learning with Client Selection and Adaptive Weighting(FedCW),a novel algorithm that leverages adaptive client selection and dynamic weight allocation for optimizing model convergence in real-time vehicular networks.FedCW selects clients based on their Euclidean distance from the global model and dynamically adjusts aggregation weights to optimize both data diversity and model convergence.Experimental results show that FedCW significantly outperforms existing FL algorithms such as FedAvg,FedProx,and SCAFFOLD,particularly in non-IID settings,achieving faster convergence,higher accuracy,and reduced communication overhead.These findings demonstrate that FedCW provides an effective solution for enhancing the performance of FL in heterogeneous,edge-based computing environments.
基金support from National Science Foundation of China(22438005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2022056-3)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Nanoporous polymers are extensively coated on various substrates to deliver optical,permselective,or other functions.However,it remains desired to fast produce uniform nanoporous polymer coatings on substrates with complex surfaces.Herein,by manipulating the interactions between block copolymers and selective solvents,we prepare repairable nanoporous polymers on arbitrary substrates.This is realized by an extremely simple sequential coating process:sequential coating of block copolymers and their swelling agents on substrate surfaces.The swelling agents are comprised of two solvents that swell the constituent blocks of the copolymers to different degrees,rapidly producing polymer coatings with uniform,interconnected,sub-50 nm pores.This sequential coating process is able to conformally build nanoporous polymers on nonplanar substrates with large lateral sizes and complex surface features,and also to in situ repair defects arising during usages.We further demonstrate that the nanoporous coatings show excellent antireflective and membrane separation performances.This sequential coating process is dictated by polymer–solvent interactions,and is expected to find applications in diverse fields for its simplicity,adaptability,and the capability to produce well-defined nanoporosities.
基金support from the Australian Research Council(ARC)Linkage Project(No.LP230100166).
文摘Selective depression of pyrite remains a major bottleneck in copper flotation,particularly when high-pyrite ores are processed and saline water is used.In such environments,conventional approaches using lime and inert grinding media often fail to discriminate ef-fectively between pyrite and valuable copper minerals due to strong copper activation on pyrite surfaces.This study introduced a novel approach using inorganic radicals generated from peroxymonosulfate(PMS)to selectively oxidize and depress pyrite.Flotation tests with synthetic high-pyrite ore blends showed that PMS significantly reduced pyrite recovery while maintaining or improving chalcopyrite flot-ation.Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)extraction confirmed selective oxidation of pyrite,and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectroscopy identified hydroxyl(·OH)and sulfate(SO_(4)^(·-))radicals as the dominant reactive species.Iron ions from grinding me-dia and mineral surfaces were identified as key activators of PMS.A major insight was pyrite’s dual role,acting both as a radical scav-enger and an activator,which made it highly reactive and susceptible to radical-induced oxidation.This process converted surface copper-sulfur species into copper hydroxides,effectively suppressing pyrite flotation.While previous studies have applied EPR to detect radicals in simplified activator/precursor systems,this study provides the first direct mechanistic evidence of radical-driven selectivity in flotation by detecting inorganic radicals in a complex flotation slurry,thereby demonstrating their persistence under industrially relevant conditions and establishing a foundation for more effective and targeted flotation strategies.
基金National Council for Scientific and Technological Development,Grant No.421278/2023-4,No.309248/2025-6。
文摘Coordinate transformation models often fail to account for nonlinear and spatially dependent distortions,leading to significant residual errors in geospatial applications.Here,we propose a residual-based neural correction(RBNC)strategy,in which a neural network learns to model only the systematic distortions left by an initial geometric transformation.By focusing solely on residual patterns,RBNC reduces model complexity and improves performance,particularly in scenarios with sparse or structured control point configurations.We evaluate the method using both simulated datasets(with varying distortion intensities and sampling strategies)and real-world image georeferencing tasks.Compared with direct neural network coordinate converters and classical transformation models,RBNC delivers more accurate and stable results under challenging conditions,while maintaining comparable performance in ideal cases.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of residual modelling as a light-weight and robust alternative for improving coordinate transformation accuracy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2021YFD2200202)the Key Research and Development Project of Jiangsu Province,China(BE2021366).
文摘Populus species,important economic species combining rapid growth with broad ecological adaptability,play a critical role in sustainable forestry and bioenergy production.In this study,we performed whole-genome resequencing of 707 individuals from a full-sib family to develop comprehensive single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers and constructed a high-density genetic linkage map of 19 linkage groups.The total genetic length of the map reached 3623.65 cM with an average marker interval of 0.34 cM.By integrating multidimensional phenotypic data,89 quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with growth,wood physical and chemical properties,disease resistance,and leaf morphology traits were identified,with logarithm of odds(LOD)scores ranging from 3.13 to 21.72 Notably,pleiotropic analysis revealed significant colocaliza and phenotypic variance explained between 1.7% and 11.6%.-tion hotspots on chromosomes LG1,LG5,LG6,LG8,and LG14,with epistatic interaction network analysis confirming genetic basis of coordinated regulation across multiple traits.Functional annotation of 207 candidate genes showed that R2R3-MYB and bHLH transcription factors and pyruvate kinase-encoding genes were significantly enriched,suggesting crucial roles in lignin biosynthesis and carbon metabolic pathways.Allelic effect analysis indicated that the frequency of favorable alleles associated with target traits ranged from 0.20 to 0.55.Incorporation of QTL-derived favorable alleles as random effects into Bayesian-based genomic selection models led to an increase in prediction accuracy ranging from 1% to 21%,with Bayesian ridge regression as the best predictive model.This study provides valuable genomic resources and genetic insights for deciphering complex trait architecture and advancing molecular breeding in poplar.
