Class Ⅲ secretable plant peroxidases occur as a large family of genes in plants with many functions and probable redundancy. In this review we are concentrating on the evidence we have on the catalysis of lignin poly...Class Ⅲ secretable plant peroxidases occur as a large family of genes in plants with many functions and probable redundancy. In this review we are concentrating on the evidence we have on the catalysis of lignin polymerization by class Ⅲ plant peroxidases present in the apoplastic space in the xylem of trees. Some evidence exists on the specificity of peroxidase isozymes in lignin polymerization through substrate specificity studies, from antisense mutants in tobacco and poplar and from tissue and cell culture lines of Norway spruce （Picea abies） and Zinnia elegans. In addition, real time （RT-）PCR results have pointed out that many peroxidases have tissue specific expression patterns in Norway spruce. Through combining information on catalytic properties of the enzymes, on the expression patterns of the corresponding genes, and on the presence of monolignols and hydrogen peroxide in the apoplastic space, we can show that specific peroxidases catalyze lignin polymerization in the apoplastic space of Norway spruce xylem.展开更多
Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unco...Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unconventional secretion pathways,focusing on secretory autophagy and its role in secreting protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disorders.We also explore additional neuronal functions of secretory autophagy beyond the release of protein aggregates.We propose autophagosomes as transport organelles that deliver cargo material directly from the endoplasmatic reticulum(ER)to the plasma membrane rather than solely to lysosomes.展开更多
Lysobacter enzymogenes is less-studied, but emerging as a powerful biocontrol bacterium producing multiple antimicrobial weapons including lytic enzymes, toxins, secondary metabolites and protein secretion systems.The...Lysobacter enzymogenes is less-studied, but emerging as a powerful biocontrol bacterium producing multiple antimicrobial weapons including lytic enzymes, toxins, secondary metabolites and protein secretion systems.The loss of surface-attached flagellum, production of heat-stable antifungal factor(HSAF, also named as Ningrongmycin) as a novel antifungal antibiotic, and the use of the type Ⅳ secretion system(T4SS) rather than the common type Ⅵ secretion system(T6SS) to kill competitor bacteria make this species unique. These distinct features set L. enzymogenes apart from well-studied plant beneficial biocontrol agents, such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas. This review describes what takes L. enzymogenes to be a unique biocontrol warrior by focusing to illustrate how the lack of flagellum governs morphological and functional co-adaptability, what adapted signaling transduction pathways are adopted to coordinate the biosynthesis of HSAF, and how to ecologically adapt plant rhizosphere by cell-to-cell interacting with microbiome members via the bacterial-killing T4SS.展开更多
Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was dimini...Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was diminished in the bone of aged and ovariectomized(OVX)mice,as well as in the serum of osteopenia and osteoporosis patients.In vitro loss-of-function and gain-offunction studies revealed that NELL2 facilitated osteoblast differentiation and impeded adipocyte differentiation from stromal progenitor cells.In vivo studies further demonstrated that the deletion of NELL2 in preosteoblasts resulted in decreased cancellous bone mass in mice.Mechanistically,NELL2 interacted with the FNI-type domain located at the C-terminus of Fibronectin 1(Fn1).Moreover,we found that NELL2 activated the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/AKT signaling pathway through Fn1/integrinβ1(ITGB1),leading to the promotion of osteogenesis and the inhibition of adipogenesis.Notably,administration of NELL2-AAV was found to ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice.These findings underscore the significant role of NELL2 in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for managing osteoporosis.展开更多
An increasing number of studies have characterized the bone as an endocrine organ,and that bone secreted factors may not only regulate local bone remodeling,but also other tissues and whole-body metabolic functions.Th...An increasing number of studies have characterized the bone as an endocrine organ,and that bone secreted factors may not only regulate local bone remodeling,but also other tissues and whole-body metabolic functions.The precise nature of these regulatory factors and their roles at bridging the bone,bone marrow adipose tissue,extramedullary body fat and whole-body energy homeostasis are being explored.In this study,we report that KIAA1199,a secreted factor produced from bone and bone marrow,previously described as an inhibitor of bone formation,also plays a role at promoting adipogenesis.KIAA1199-deficient mice exhibit reduced bone marrow adipose tissue,subcutaneous and visceral fat tissue mass,blood cholesterol,triglycerides,free fatty acids and glycerol,as well as improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle,liver and fat.Moreover,these mice are protected from the detrimental effects of high-fat diet feeding,with decreased obesity,lower blood glucose and glucose tolerance,as well as decreased adipose tissue inflammation,insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.In human studies,plasma levels of KIAA1199 or its expression levels in adipose tissue are positively correlated with insulin resistance and blood levels of cholesterol,triglycerides,free fatty acids,glycerol,fasting glucose and HOMA-IR.Mechanistically,KIAA1199 mediates its effects on adipogenesis through modulating osteopontin-integrin and AKT/ERK signaling.These findings provide evidence for the role of bone secreted factors on coupling bone,fat and whole-body energy homeostasis.展开更多
Dr Emily Thompson decided it was time to set sail on her first major maritime research expedition.She had always been fascinated by the mysteries of the ocean and wanted to uncover the secrets hidden beneath the waves...Dr Emily Thompson decided it was time to set sail on her first major maritime research expedition.She had always been fascinated by the mysteries of the ocean and wanted to uncover the secrets hidden beneath the waves.Her team boarded the research vessel early in the morning,excited at the adventure that awaited them.展开更多
In many people's eyes,denim is a basic part of their clothes,but for Ian Berry,an artist from London,it's a way to make art.Over the past 20 years,Berry has used the dark blue fabric to make detailed artworks,...In many people's eyes,denim is a basic part of their clothes,but for Ian Berry,an artist from London,it's a way to make art.Over the past 20 years,Berry has used the dark blue fabric to make detailed artworks,and even lifelike pictures of places like California.His newest piece shows even more cool and surprising ways to use denim.Called Secret Garden,it's now at the Garden Museum in London.This artwork shows a peaceful scene with a fish pond,flowers,and vines—all made from old denim jeans.展开更多
This study explores the broad-spectrum application of OsRALF26,a small secreted peptide belonging to the rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)family in rice.We found that the rice genome carries numerous lineage-specific ...This study explores the broad-spectrum application of OsRALF26,a small secreted peptide belonging to the rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)family in rice.We found that the rice genome carries numerous lineage-specific OsRALFs,suggesting that this evolutionary expansion could be the result of an arms race with pathogens.Among them,we focused on the Oryza-specific Os RALF26 and its closest homolog,OsRALF27,analyzing their effects across a range of plant species from monocots to dicots.The exogenous application of OsRALF26 significantly reduced bacterial populations in rice challenged with Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)and in Arabidopsis and tomato challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000(Pst DC3000),whereas Os RALF27 did not enhance resistance.展开更多
The growth of Caenorhabditis elegans involves multiple molting processes,during which old cuticles are shed and new cuticles are rapidly formed.This process requires the regulated bulk secretion of cuticle components....The growth of Caenorhabditis elegans involves multiple molting processes,during which old cuticles are shed and new cuticles are rapidly formed.This process requires the regulated bulk secretion of cuticle components.The transmembrane protein-39(TMEM-39)mutant exhibits distinct dumpy and ruptured phenotypes characterized by notably thin cuticles.TMEM-39 primarily co-localizes with the coat protein II complex(COPII)in large vesicles rather than small COPII vesicles.These TMEM-39-associated large vesicles(TMEM-39-LVs)form robustly during the molting period and co-localize with various extracellular matrix components,including BLI-1 collagen,BLI-3 dual oxidase,and carboxypeptidases.Through immunoprecipitation using TMEM39A-FLAG and proteomics analysis in human sarcoma cells,we identify TMEM39A-associated proteins,including TMEM131.Knockdown of TMEM131 results in reduced TMEM39A-LV formation and collagen secretion in both C.elegans and human sarcoma cells,indicating a cooperative role between TMEM39A and TMEM131 in the secretion of extracellular components through the formation of large COPII vesicles.Given the conservation of TMEM39A and its associated proteins between C.elegans and humans,TMEM39A-LVs may represent a fundamental machinery for rapid and extensive secretion across metazoans.展开更多
The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more a...The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more about its pathogenesis, we reported a Nanopore sequencing-derived25.3 Mb high-quality genome sequence of P. brassicae pathotype 4 strain(P.b 4). Comparing the P.b 4 genome with that of the published P.brassicae e3 genome(P.b e3) identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and small insertions and deletions. We then carried out RNA-sequencing of root samples from a clubroot-susceptible line at 5, 14, and 28 days after inoculation(DAI), and classified genes into five categories based on their expression patterns. Interestingly, 158 genes were highly expressed at 14 DAI, which were enriched in budding cell isotropic bud growth, ascospore wall assembly, spore wall assembly, spore wall biogenesis, and ascospore wall biogenesis.Subsequently, we bioinformatically predicted 555 secreted effector candidates, among which only 125 were expressed during infection and had amino acid lengths less than 400. The putative effector Pb010018, which was highly expressed at 14 DAI, was validated to have a signal peptide using a yeast secretion system. Luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Pb010018 interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase BrSHMT1, and expression analysis showed that SHMT1 was upregulated in both Arabidopsis and B. rapa during infection. Furthermore, after infection, the Arabidopsis shmt1 mutant(atshmt1) showed reduced severity of clubroot disease, together with downregulated expression of Pb010018. Our results offer new insights into plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, and provide the possibility for improving Brassica resistance to clubroot disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND In diabetic patients,persistent hyperglycemia creates an optimal environment for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria,resulting in severe complications.Con-sequently,chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)complicat...BACKGROUND In diabetic patients,persistent hyperglycemia creates an optimal environment for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria,resulting in severe complications.Con-sequently,chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)complicated by diabetes is highly pre-valent in clinical settings.AIM To analyze the results of nasal secretion cultures in diabetic patients with CRS and identify the factors influencing postoperative recurrence.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 203 diabetic pa-tients with CRS with nasal polyps who underwent the Messerklinger technique at Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University between January 2021 and January 2023.Preoperative nasal secretions were cultured to determine the types and distribution of pathogenic bacteria and assess antimicrobial suscept-ibility.Based on a one-year follow-up,patients were categorized into recurrence and nonrecurrence groups to analyze differences in their clinical data.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors influencing postoperative recurrence.RESULTS Pathogens were detected in 153 of the 203 nasal secretion specimens collected from diabetic patients with CRS.A total of 134 pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated and identified,including 81 strains(60.4%)of gram-positive bacteria and 53 strains(39.6%)of gram-negative bacteria.Gram-positive bacteria exhibited relatively high resistance to penicillin G and erythromycin,while remaining highly sensitive to vancomycin,gentamicin,and rifampicin.Gram-negative bacteria demonstrated relatively high resistance to cefazolin and gentamicin,but showed high sensitivity to imipenem,meropenem,cefepime,and ceftazidime.Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the recurrence and nonrecurrence groups in fasting blood glucose levels,smoking history,Lund-Mackay scores,visual analog scale(VAS)scores,nasal septum deviation,allergic rhinitis,bronchial asthma,postoperative infection,long-term use of nasal decongestants,and adherence to medical prescriptions.Multivariate regression analysis identified fasting blood glucose levels and VAS-measured nasal symptom severity scores as independent factors influencing postoperative recurrence.CONCLUSION In CRS patients with nasal polyps(CRSwNP),the detection rate of nasal pathogens is relatively high,and most of the isolated bacteria exhibit antimicrobial resistance.Additionally,the blood glucose level of patients with CRS combined with CRSwNP is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence.展开更多
Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide ...Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of truncal acne,identifying its characteristics and exploring assessment methods and management of truncal acne.Methods:The study examines the causes and contributing factors of truncal acne by analyzing the skin characteristics and acne phenotypes of the trunk area.It also evaluates the existing methods for assessing the severity of truncal acne.Results:Trunk sebum secretion and pH levels are lower than those of the face,while the degree of microbial imbalance is greater.Variability in androgen levels and gender differences also influence truncal acne.Additionally,contact with certain materials exacerbates acne outbreaks on the trunk.The study highlights the advantages,disadvantages,mechanisms of action,and specific targets of each product.Conclusion:This paper provides insights for future research and practical approaches to truncal acne management,assisting in selecting effective products for managing truncal acne.展开更多
Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)causes bacterial blight in rice,which reduces crop yield and leads to significant economic losses.Bacterial sigma(σ)factors are highly specialized proteins that allow RNA polymerase t...Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)causes bacterial blight in rice,which reduces crop yield and leads to significant economic losses.Bacterial sigma(σ)factors are highly specialized proteins that allow RNA polymerase to recognize and bind to specific promoters.σ^(70) factors also regulate the expression of genes involved in stress response and virulence.However,the role of RpoD in Xoo is still unclear.In this study,we found thatσ^(70) factor RpoD is quite conservative among phytopathogenic bacteria,especially in Xanthomonas sp.In Xoo,PXO_RpoD plays an important role in oxidative stress tolerance and cell motility,as well as being essential for full virulence.Cleavage under targets and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)analyses indicated that RpoD mediates the type three secretion system(T3SS)by regulating the regulation of hrpG and hrpX.By performing bacterial one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility assay(EMSA),we observed that RpoD directly bound to the promoters of hrpG and hrpX.Collectively,these results demonstrate the transcriptional mechanism and pathogenic functions of RpoD in regulating cell motility and oxidative stress response,providing novel insights into potential targets for disease control.展开更多
This editorial comments on the study by Pierzynowska et al investigating the acini-islet-acinar(AIA)reflex,which integrates the exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas.The study investigates whether exogenous...This editorial comments on the study by Pierzynowska et al investigating the acini-islet-acinar(AIA)reflex,which integrates the exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas.The study investigates whether exogenous amylase introduced to the interstitial fluid surrounding pancreatic islets can inhibit insulin release.Historically,high serum amylase levels were associated with pancreatitis,but recent findings suggest that low amylase levels are more linked to metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity.In their experiment,six pigs were used to examine the effects of amylase infusion on insulin release during an intravenous glucose tolerance test.The pigs received different treatments(amylase,saline,or bovine serum albumin),and blood samples were taken over two hours to measure insulin and glucose levels.The results showed amylase delayed glucose-stimulated insulin release,whereas bovine serum albumin increased insulin levels supporting the existence of the AIA reflex and suggesting amylase as a key metabolic regulator.Enzyme supplementation,particularly withα-amylases,may offer therapeutic benefits in preventing and managing metabolic disorders,including diabetes and obesity.Further research is warranted to explore the full scope of amylase’s role in metabolic health and its therapeutic potential.展开更多
The exponential growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)in soil-crop systems in recent years has posed a great challenge to ecological security and human health.While many studies h...The exponential growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)in soil-crop systems in recent years has posed a great challenge to ecological security and human health.While many studies have documented the residues of ARGs in soils and crops,but little is known about who drives the proliferation of ARGs in farming systems and what their underlying mechanisms are.Herein,we explored the occurrence and proliferating behavior of ARGs in soil-crop environments in terms of root secretions and plant volatiles.This review highlighted that plant root secretions and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)served as key substances mediating the development of antibiotic resistance in the soil-crop system.Still,there is controversy here as to plant root secretions promote the ARGs proliferation or inhibit.Some studies indicated that root secretions can suppress the colonization of ARGs,mainly attributed by the production of bluntedmetabolic enzymes and blocking of cellular exocytosis systems.Whereas the others have evidenced that root secretions can promote ARGs proliferation,primarily by altering the structure of microbial communities to influence species interactions and thus indirectly affect the proliferation of ARGs.Also,VOCs can act as molecular signals to convey antibiotic resistance information to their neighbors,which in turn drive the up-regulation of ARGs expression.Even so,the mechanism by which VOC-driven antibiotic resistance acquisition and proliferation need to be further probed.Overall,this review contributed to the development of products and technologies to impede the ARGs proliferation in agricultural environment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in managing diabetes.Regulatory guidelines mandate assessing the pharmacokinetics(PK)and pharmacodynamics(PD)of new insulin formulations with euglycemic clamp techniques...BACKGROUND Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in managing diabetes.Regulatory guidelines mandate assessing the pharmacokinetics(PK)and pharmacodynamics(PD)of new insulin formulations with euglycemic clamp techniques before entry into the market.Typically,blood glucose(BG)levels are maintained at 5%below baseline to suppress endogenous insulin secretion in healthy volunteers.However,in scenarios where BG baseline is relatively low,maintaining it at 5%below baseline can increase hypoglycemic risk.Consequently,we adjusted to maintain it at 2.5%below a baseline of<4.00 mmol/L.It remains uncertain whether this adjustment impacts endogenous insulin inhibition or the PD of study insulin.AIM To evaluate and compare the PD and C-peptide status using two different target BG setting methods.METHODS Data came from euglycemic clamp trials assessing the PK/PD of insulin aspart(IAsp)in healthy participants.Target BG was set at 2.5%below baseline for those with a basal BG of<4.00 mmol/L(group A),and at 5%below baseline for others(group B).The area under the curve(AUC)of IAsp(AUC_(IAsp,0-8 h))and GIR from 0 to 8 hours(AUCGIR,0-8 h)was used to characterize the PK and PD of IAsp,respectively.The C-peptide reduction and PK/PD of IAsp were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Out of 135 subjects,15 were assigned to group A and 120 to group B;however,group B exhibited higher basal Cpeptide(1.59±0.36 vs 1.32±0.42 ng/mL,P=0.006).Following propensity score matching to adjust for basal Cpeptide differences,71 subjects(15 in group A and 56 in group B)were analyzed.No significant differences were observed in demographics,IAsp dosage,or clamp quality.Group B showed significantly higher baseline(4.35±0.21 vs 3.91±0.09 mmol/L,P<0.001),target(4.13±0.20 vs 3.81±0.08 mmol/L,P<0.001),and clamped(4.10±0.17 vs 3.80±0.06 mmol/L,P<0.001)BG levels.Both groups exhibited comparable C-peptide suppression(32.5%±10.0%vs 35.6%±12.1%,P=0.370)and similar IAsp activity(AUCGIR,0-8 h:1433±400 vs 1440±397 mg/kg,P=0.952)under nearly equivalent IAsp exposure(AUC_(IAsp,0-8 h):566±51 vs 571±85 ng/mL×h,P=0.840).CONCLUSION Maintaining BG at 2.5%below a baseline of<4.00 mmol/L did not compromise the endogenous insulin suppression nor alter the observed pharmacodynamic effects of the study insulin.展开更多
Free-space quantum key distribution(QKD)offers broader geographical coverage and more flexible system deployment than fiber-based systems.However,the free-space environment is highly complex,and various attenuation fa...Free-space quantum key distribution(QKD)offers broader geographical coverage and more flexible system deployment than fiber-based systems.However,the free-space environment is highly complex,and various attenuation factors can significantly reduce the key distribution efficiency or even lead to encoding failures.This paper discusses and analyzes the impact of turbulence and fog in mountainous environments on free-space discrete-variable quantum key distribution.Through numerical simulation,this study examines the effects of altitude and visibility on transmittance and turbulence intensity,finding that turbulence intensity decreases with increasing altitude while transmittance increases;improvements in visibility also lead to increased transmittance.Beam wandering due to turbulence is also dominant.Combining these factors,the effects on the total transmittance and the secret key rate are taken into consideration.Our work could provide a reference for the deployment of practical QKD systems in actual mountainous environments.展开更多
Nanochannel technology based on ionic current rectification has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection of biomolecules owing to unique advantages.Nevertheless,existing nanochannel sensors mainly focus on the det...Nanochannel technology based on ionic current rectification has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection of biomolecules owing to unique advantages.Nevertheless,existing nanochannel sensors mainly focus on the detection of targets in solution or inside the cells,moreover,they only have a single function,greatly limiting their application.Herein,we fabricated SuperDNA self-assembled conical nanochannel,which was clamped in the middle of self-made device for two functions:Online detecting living cells released TNF-αand studying intercellular communication.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)membrane incubated tumor associated macrophages and tumor cells was rolled up and inserted into the left and right chamber of the device,respectively.Through monitoring the ion current change in the nanochannel,tumor associated macrophages released TNF-αcould be in situ and noninvasive detected with a detection limit of 0.23 pg/mL.Furthermore,the secreted TNF-αinduced epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells in the right chamber was also studied.The presented strategy displayed outstanding performance and multi-function,providing a promising platform for in situ non-destructive detection of cell secretions and related intercellular communication analysis.展开更多
With the rapid development of blockchain technology,the Chinese government has proposed that the commercial use of blockchain services in China should support the national encryption standard,also known as the state s...With the rapid development of blockchain technology,the Chinese government has proposed that the commercial use of blockchain services in China should support the national encryption standard,also known as the state secret algorithm GuoMi algorithm.The original Hyperledger Fabric only supports internationally common encryption algorithms,so it is particularly necessary to enhance support for the national encryption standard.Traditional identity authentication,access control,and security audit technologies have single-point failures,and data can be easily tampered with,leading to trust issues.To address these problems,this paper proposes an optimized and application research plan for Hyperledger Fabric.We study the optimization model of cryptographic components in Hyperledger Fabric,and based on Fabric's pluggable mechanism,we enhance the Fabric architecture with the national encryption standard.In addition,we research key technologies involved in the secure application protocol based on the blockchain.We propose a blockchain-based identity authentication protocol,detailing the design of an identity authentication scheme based on blockchain certificates and Fabric CA,and use a dual-signature method to further improve its security and reliability.Then,we propose a flexible,dynamically configurable real-time access control and security audit mechanism based on blockchain,further enhancing the security of the system.展开更多
We construct an infinite family of minimal linear codes over the ring F_(2)+u F_(2).These codes are defined through trace functions and Boolean functions.Their Lee weight distribution is completely computed by Walsh t...We construct an infinite family of minimal linear codes over the ring F_(2)+u F_(2).These codes are defined through trace functions and Boolean functions.Their Lee weight distribution is completely computed by Walsh transformation.By Gray mapping,we obtain a family of minimal binary linear codes from a generic construction,which have prominent applications in secret sharing and secure two-party computation.展开更多
基金supported by the Finnish Centre of Excellence in Plant Signal Research granted by the Academy of Finland(grant number 213509)
文摘Class Ⅲ secretable plant peroxidases occur as a large family of genes in plants with many functions and probable redundancy. In this review we are concentrating on the evidence we have on the catalysis of lignin polymerization by class Ⅲ plant peroxidases present in the apoplastic space in the xylem of trees. Some evidence exists on the specificity of peroxidase isozymes in lignin polymerization through substrate specificity studies, from antisense mutants in tobacco and poplar and from tissue and cell culture lines of Norway spruce （Picea abies） and Zinnia elegans. In addition, real time （RT-）PCR results have pointed out that many peroxidases have tissue specific expression patterns in Norway spruce. Through combining information on catalytic properties of the enzymes, on the expression patterns of the corresponding genes, and on the presence of monolignols and hydrogen peroxide in the apoplastic space, we can show that specific peroxidases catalyze lignin polymerization in the apoplastic space of Norway spruce xylem.
基金supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)grant LU 2347/3-1(to PL).
文摘Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unconventional secretion pathways,focusing on secretory autophagy and its role in secreting protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disorders.We also explore additional neuronal functions of secretory autophagy beyond the release of protein aggregates.We propose autophagosomes as transport organelles that deliver cargo material directly from the endoplasmatic reticulum(ER)to the plasma membrane rather than solely to lysosomes.
基金funded by the the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (RENCAI2024002 and KJJQ2024014)the Natural Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1400200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22A20486, 32072470, 32001955 and 32470112)
文摘Lysobacter enzymogenes is less-studied, but emerging as a powerful biocontrol bacterium producing multiple antimicrobial weapons including lytic enzymes, toxins, secondary metabolites and protein secretion systems.The loss of surface-attached flagellum, production of heat-stable antifungal factor(HSAF, also named as Ningrongmycin) as a novel antifungal antibiotic, and the use of the type Ⅳ secretion system(T4SS) rather than the common type Ⅵ secretion system(T6SS) to kill competitor bacteria make this species unique. These distinct features set L. enzymogenes apart from well-studied plant beneficial biocontrol agents, such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas. This review describes what takes L. enzymogenes to be a unique biocontrol warrior by focusing to illustrate how the lack of flagellum governs morphological and functional co-adaptability, what adapted signaling transduction pathways are adopted to coordinate the biosynthesis of HSAF, and how to ecologically adapt plant rhizosphere by cell-to-cell interacting with microbiome members via the bacterial-killing T4SS.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272444,81972031,81972033)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722382)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(TJYXZDXK-032A)。
文摘Neural EGFL-like 2(NELL2)is a secreted protein known for its regulatory functions in the nervous and reproductive systems,yet its role in bone biology remains unexplored.In this study,we observed that NELL2 was diminished in the bone of aged and ovariectomized(OVX)mice,as well as in the serum of osteopenia and osteoporosis patients.In vitro loss-of-function and gain-offunction studies revealed that NELL2 facilitated osteoblast differentiation and impeded adipocyte differentiation from stromal progenitor cells.In vivo studies further demonstrated that the deletion of NELL2 in preosteoblasts resulted in decreased cancellous bone mass in mice.Mechanistically,NELL2 interacted with the FNI-type domain located at the C-terminus of Fibronectin 1(Fn1).Moreover,we found that NELL2 activated the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/AKT signaling pathway through Fn1/integrinβ1(ITGB1),leading to the promotion of osteogenesis and the inhibition of adipogenesis.Notably,administration of NELL2-AAV was found to ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice.These findings underscore the significant role of NELL2 in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for managing osteoporosis.
基金supports from Odense University Hospital PhD fellowship(2014)the NovoNordisk Foundations(NNF15OC0016284,NNF19OC0057449)+2 种基金the Innovation Foundation of Denmark(5166-00002B)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060155,82260284)Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project.
文摘An increasing number of studies have characterized the bone as an endocrine organ,and that bone secreted factors may not only regulate local bone remodeling,but also other tissues and whole-body metabolic functions.The precise nature of these regulatory factors and their roles at bridging the bone,bone marrow adipose tissue,extramedullary body fat and whole-body energy homeostasis are being explored.In this study,we report that KIAA1199,a secreted factor produced from bone and bone marrow,previously described as an inhibitor of bone formation,also plays a role at promoting adipogenesis.KIAA1199-deficient mice exhibit reduced bone marrow adipose tissue,subcutaneous and visceral fat tissue mass,blood cholesterol,triglycerides,free fatty acids and glycerol,as well as improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle,liver and fat.Moreover,these mice are protected from the detrimental effects of high-fat diet feeding,with decreased obesity,lower blood glucose and glucose tolerance,as well as decreased adipose tissue inflammation,insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.In human studies,plasma levels of KIAA1199 or its expression levels in adipose tissue are positively correlated with insulin resistance and blood levels of cholesterol,triglycerides,free fatty acids,glycerol,fasting glucose and HOMA-IR.Mechanistically,KIAA1199 mediates its effects on adipogenesis through modulating osteopontin-integrin and AKT/ERK signaling.These findings provide evidence for the role of bone secreted factors on coupling bone,fat and whole-body energy homeostasis.
文摘Dr Emily Thompson decided it was time to set sail on her first major maritime research expedition.She had always been fascinated by the mysteries of the ocean and wanted to uncover the secrets hidden beneath the waves.Her team boarded the research vessel early in the morning,excited at the adventure that awaited them.
文摘In many people's eyes,denim is a basic part of their clothes,but for Ian Berry,an artist from London,it's a way to make art.Over the past 20 years,Berry has used the dark blue fabric to make detailed artworks,and even lifelike pictures of places like California.His newest piece shows even more cool and surprising ways to use denim.Called Secret Garden,it's now at the Garden Museum in London.This artwork shows a peaceful scene with a fish pond,flowers,and vines—all made from old denim jeans.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government(Grant Nos.NRF-2020R1A2C1007778 and RS-2024-00454908)。
文摘This study explores the broad-spectrum application of OsRALF26,a small secreted peptide belonging to the rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)family in rice.We found that the rice genome carries numerous lineage-specific OsRALFs,suggesting that this evolutionary expansion could be the result of an arms race with pathogens.Among them,we focused on the Oryza-specific Os RALF26 and its closest homolog,OsRALF27,analyzing their effects across a range of plant species from monocots to dicots.The exogenous application of OsRALF26 significantly reduced bacterial populations in rice challenged with Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)and in Arabidopsis and tomato challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000(Pst DC3000),whereas Os RALF27 did not enhance resistance.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health-Office of Research Infrastructure Programs(P40 OD010440)supported in part by grants from the National Cancer Center of Korea(NCC-2110160,NCC-2110263,and NCC-2310750)supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT,and Future Planning(NRF-2015R1C1A1A01053611).
文摘The growth of Caenorhabditis elegans involves multiple molting processes,during which old cuticles are shed and new cuticles are rapidly formed.This process requires the regulated bulk secretion of cuticle components.The transmembrane protein-39(TMEM-39)mutant exhibits distinct dumpy and ruptured phenotypes characterized by notably thin cuticles.TMEM-39 primarily co-localizes with the coat protein II complex(COPII)in large vesicles rather than small COPII vesicles.These TMEM-39-associated large vesicles(TMEM-39-LVs)form robustly during the molting period and co-localize with various extracellular matrix components,including BLI-1 collagen,BLI-3 dual oxidase,and carboxypeptidases.Through immunoprecipitation using TMEM39A-FLAG and proteomics analysis in human sarcoma cells,we identify TMEM39A-associated proteins,including TMEM131.Knockdown of TMEM131 results in reduced TMEM39A-LV formation and collagen secretion in both C.elegans and human sarcoma cells,indicating a cooperative role between TMEM39A and TMEM131 in the secretion of extracellular components through the formation of large COPII vesicles.Given the conservation of TMEM39A and its associated proteins between C.elegans and humans,TMEM39A-LVs may represent a fundamental machinery for rapid and extensive secretion across metazoans.
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.QNJJ202242]the Excellent Young Scholars of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.YXQN202205]+3 种基金the Beijing Nova Program[Grant No.20220484052]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.31801852]the Collaborative Innovation Center of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences[Grant No.KJCX201907-2]the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System[Grant No.CARS-23-A-05].
文摘The soil-resident pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, infects cruciferous crops, causing obligate parasitic clubroot disease and posing a significant threat to the Brassica vegetable industry in China. To learn more about its pathogenesis, we reported a Nanopore sequencing-derived25.3 Mb high-quality genome sequence of P. brassicae pathotype 4 strain(P.b 4). Comparing the P.b 4 genome with that of the published P.brassicae e3 genome(P.b e3) identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and small insertions and deletions. We then carried out RNA-sequencing of root samples from a clubroot-susceptible line at 5, 14, and 28 days after inoculation(DAI), and classified genes into five categories based on their expression patterns. Interestingly, 158 genes were highly expressed at 14 DAI, which were enriched in budding cell isotropic bud growth, ascospore wall assembly, spore wall assembly, spore wall biogenesis, and ascospore wall biogenesis.Subsequently, we bioinformatically predicted 555 secreted effector candidates, among which only 125 were expressed during infection and had amino acid lengths less than 400. The putative effector Pb010018, which was highly expressed at 14 DAI, was validated to have a signal peptide using a yeast secretion system. Luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Pb010018 interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase BrSHMT1, and expression analysis showed that SHMT1 was upregulated in both Arabidopsis and B. rapa during infection. Furthermore, after infection, the Arabidopsis shmt1 mutant(atshmt1) showed reduced severity of clubroot disease, together with downregulated expression of Pb010018. Our results offer new insights into plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, and provide the possibility for improving Brassica resistance to clubroot disease.
文摘BACKGROUND In diabetic patients,persistent hyperglycemia creates an optimal environment for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria,resulting in severe complications.Con-sequently,chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)complicated by diabetes is highly pre-valent in clinical settings.AIM To analyze the results of nasal secretion cultures in diabetic patients with CRS and identify the factors influencing postoperative recurrence.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 203 diabetic pa-tients with CRS with nasal polyps who underwent the Messerklinger technique at Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University between January 2021 and January 2023.Preoperative nasal secretions were cultured to determine the types and distribution of pathogenic bacteria and assess antimicrobial suscept-ibility.Based on a one-year follow-up,patients were categorized into recurrence and nonrecurrence groups to analyze differences in their clinical data.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors influencing postoperative recurrence.RESULTS Pathogens were detected in 153 of the 203 nasal secretion specimens collected from diabetic patients with CRS.A total of 134 pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated and identified,including 81 strains(60.4%)of gram-positive bacteria and 53 strains(39.6%)of gram-negative bacteria.Gram-positive bacteria exhibited relatively high resistance to penicillin G and erythromycin,while remaining highly sensitive to vancomycin,gentamicin,and rifampicin.Gram-negative bacteria demonstrated relatively high resistance to cefazolin and gentamicin,but showed high sensitivity to imipenem,meropenem,cefepime,and ceftazidime.Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the recurrence and nonrecurrence groups in fasting blood glucose levels,smoking history,Lund-Mackay scores,visual analog scale(VAS)scores,nasal septum deviation,allergic rhinitis,bronchial asthma,postoperative infection,long-term use of nasal decongestants,and adherence to medical prescriptions.Multivariate regression analysis identified fasting blood glucose levels and VAS-measured nasal symptom severity scores as independent factors influencing postoperative recurrence.CONCLUSION In CRS patients with nasal polyps(CRSwNP),the detection rate of nasal pathogens is relatively high,and most of the isolated bacteria exhibit antimicrobial resistance.Additionally,the blood glucose level of patients with CRS combined with CRSwNP is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence.
文摘Background:Acne affects individuals across all ages and ethnic groups.Truncal acne has received limited attention,and its mechanisms and characteristics remain poorly understood.Objective:This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of truncal acne,identifying its characteristics and exploring assessment methods and management of truncal acne.Methods:The study examines the causes and contributing factors of truncal acne by analyzing the skin characteristics and acne phenotypes of the trunk area.It also evaluates the existing methods for assessing the severity of truncal acne.Results:Trunk sebum secretion and pH levels are lower than those of the face,while the degree of microbial imbalance is greater.Variability in androgen levels and gender differences also influence truncal acne.Additionally,contact with certain materials exacerbates acne outbreaks on the trunk.The study highlights the advantages,disadvantages,mechanisms of action,and specific targets of each product.Conclusion:This paper provides insights for future research and practical approaches to truncal acne management,assisting in selecting effective products for managing truncal acne.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072379,32001865 and 32202259)。
文摘Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)causes bacterial blight in rice,which reduces crop yield and leads to significant economic losses.Bacterial sigma(σ)factors are highly specialized proteins that allow RNA polymerase to recognize and bind to specific promoters.σ^(70) factors also regulate the expression of genes involved in stress response and virulence.However,the role of RpoD in Xoo is still unclear.In this study,we found thatσ^(70) factor RpoD is quite conservative among phytopathogenic bacteria,especially in Xanthomonas sp.In Xoo,PXO_RpoD plays an important role in oxidative stress tolerance and cell motility,as well as being essential for full virulence.Cleavage under targets and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)analyses indicated that RpoD mediates the type three secretion system(T3SS)by regulating the regulation of hrpG and hrpX.By performing bacterial one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility assay(EMSA),we observed that RpoD directly bound to the promoters of hrpG and hrpX.Collectively,these results demonstrate the transcriptional mechanism and pathogenic functions of RpoD in regulating cell motility and oxidative stress response,providing novel insights into potential targets for disease control.
基金Supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-RS-2023-00237287,No.NRF-2021S1A5A8062526Local Government-University Cooperation-Based Regional Innovation Projects,No.2021RIS-003.
文摘This editorial comments on the study by Pierzynowska et al investigating the acini-islet-acinar(AIA)reflex,which integrates the exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas.The study investigates whether exogenous amylase introduced to the interstitial fluid surrounding pancreatic islets can inhibit insulin release.Historically,high serum amylase levels were associated with pancreatitis,but recent findings suggest that low amylase levels are more linked to metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity.In their experiment,six pigs were used to examine the effects of amylase infusion on insulin release during an intravenous glucose tolerance test.The pigs received different treatments(amylase,saline,or bovine serum albumin),and blood samples were taken over two hours to measure insulin and glucose levels.The results showed amylase delayed glucose-stimulated insulin release,whereas bovine serum albumin increased insulin levels supporting the existence of the AIA reflex and suggesting amylase as a key metabolic regulator.Enzyme supplementation,particularly withα-amylases,may offer therapeutic benefits in preventing and managing metabolic disorders,including diabetes and obesity.Further research is warranted to explore the full scope of amylase’s role in metabolic health and its therapeutic potential.
基金supported by the Youth innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.Y2023QC32)the foundation of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.22JCQNJC01460)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs)and the Youth Talent Project of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs(Xu Yan).
文摘The exponential growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)in soil-crop systems in recent years has posed a great challenge to ecological security and human health.While many studies have documented the residues of ARGs in soils and crops,but little is known about who drives the proliferation of ARGs in farming systems and what their underlying mechanisms are.Herein,we explored the occurrence and proliferating behavior of ARGs in soil-crop environments in terms of root secretions and plant volatiles.This review highlighted that plant root secretions and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)served as key substances mediating the development of antibiotic resistance in the soil-crop system.Still,there is controversy here as to plant root secretions promote the ARGs proliferation or inhibit.Some studies indicated that root secretions can suppress the colonization of ARGs,mainly attributed by the production of bluntedmetabolic enzymes and blocking of cellular exocytosis systems.Whereas the others have evidenced that root secretions can promote ARGs proliferation,primarily by altering the structure of microbial communities to influence species interactions and thus indirectly affect the proliferation of ARGs.Also,VOCs can act as molecular signals to convey antibiotic resistance information to their neighbors,which in turn drive the up-regulation of ARGs expression.Even so,the mechanism by which VOC-driven antibiotic resistance acquisition and proliferation need to be further probed.Overall,this review contributed to the development of products and technologies to impede the ARGs proliferation in agricultural environment.
基金This retrospective analysis incorporated data from two clinical trials(CTR20220854 and CTR20222843)sponsored by Chongqing Chenan Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.and Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.However,these sponsors did not partake in the study design,data interpretation,or manuscript preparation.
文摘BACKGROUND Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in managing diabetes.Regulatory guidelines mandate assessing the pharmacokinetics(PK)and pharmacodynamics(PD)of new insulin formulations with euglycemic clamp techniques before entry into the market.Typically,blood glucose(BG)levels are maintained at 5%below baseline to suppress endogenous insulin secretion in healthy volunteers.However,in scenarios where BG baseline is relatively low,maintaining it at 5%below baseline can increase hypoglycemic risk.Consequently,we adjusted to maintain it at 2.5%below a baseline of<4.00 mmol/L.It remains uncertain whether this adjustment impacts endogenous insulin inhibition or the PD of study insulin.AIM To evaluate and compare the PD and C-peptide status using two different target BG setting methods.METHODS Data came from euglycemic clamp trials assessing the PK/PD of insulin aspart(IAsp)in healthy participants.Target BG was set at 2.5%below baseline for those with a basal BG of<4.00 mmol/L(group A),and at 5%below baseline for others(group B).The area under the curve(AUC)of IAsp(AUC_(IAsp,0-8 h))and GIR from 0 to 8 hours(AUCGIR,0-8 h)was used to characterize the PK and PD of IAsp,respectively.The C-peptide reduction and PK/PD of IAsp were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Out of 135 subjects,15 were assigned to group A and 120 to group B;however,group B exhibited higher basal Cpeptide(1.59±0.36 vs 1.32±0.42 ng/mL,P=0.006).Following propensity score matching to adjust for basal Cpeptide differences,71 subjects(15 in group A and 56 in group B)were analyzed.No significant differences were observed in demographics,IAsp dosage,or clamp quality.Group B showed significantly higher baseline(4.35±0.21 vs 3.91±0.09 mmol/L,P<0.001),target(4.13±0.20 vs 3.81±0.08 mmol/L,P<0.001),and clamped(4.10±0.17 vs 3.80±0.06 mmol/L,P<0.001)BG levels.Both groups exhibited comparable C-peptide suppression(32.5%±10.0%vs 35.6%±12.1%,P=0.370)and similar IAsp activity(AUCGIR,0-8 h:1433±400 vs 1440±397 mg/kg,P=0.952)under nearly equivalent IAsp exposure(AUC_(IAsp,0-8 h):566±51 vs 571±85 ng/mL×h,P=0.840).CONCLUSION Maintaining BG at 2.5%below a baseline of<4.00 mmol/L did not compromise the endogenous insulin suppression nor alter the observed pharmacodynamic effects of the study insulin.
文摘Free-space quantum key distribution(QKD)offers broader geographical coverage and more flexible system deployment than fiber-based systems.However,the free-space environment is highly complex,and various attenuation factors can significantly reduce the key distribution efficiency or even lead to encoding failures.This paper discusses and analyzes the impact of turbulence and fog in mountainous environments on free-space discrete-variable quantum key distribution.Through numerical simulation,this study examines the effects of altitude and visibility on transmittance and turbulence intensity,finding that turbulence intensity decreases with increasing altitude while transmittance increases;improvements in visibility also lead to increased transmittance.Beam wandering due to turbulence is also dominant.Combining these factors,the effects on the total transmittance and the secret key rate are taken into consideration.Our work could provide a reference for the deployment of practical QKD systems in actual mountainous environments.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174016,22374019,and 22209025)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220799).
文摘Nanochannel technology based on ionic current rectification has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection of biomolecules owing to unique advantages.Nevertheless,existing nanochannel sensors mainly focus on the detection of targets in solution or inside the cells,moreover,they only have a single function,greatly limiting their application.Herein,we fabricated SuperDNA self-assembled conical nanochannel,which was clamped in the middle of self-made device for two functions:Online detecting living cells released TNF-αand studying intercellular communication.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)membrane incubated tumor associated macrophages and tumor cells was rolled up and inserted into the left and right chamber of the device,respectively.Through monitoring the ion current change in the nanochannel,tumor associated macrophages released TNF-αcould be in situ and noninvasive detected with a detection limit of 0.23 pg/mL.Furthermore,the secreted TNF-αinduced epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells in the right chamber was also studied.The presented strategy displayed outstanding performance and multi-function,providing a promising platform for in situ non-destructive detection of cell secretions and related intercellular communication analysis.
基金supported by Fujian Provincial Social Science Foundation Public Security Theory Research Project(FJ2023TWGA004)Education and Scientific Research Special Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Finance(Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in Prison Law Enforcement Management),under National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB1005500)。
文摘With the rapid development of blockchain technology,the Chinese government has proposed that the commercial use of blockchain services in China should support the national encryption standard,also known as the state secret algorithm GuoMi algorithm.The original Hyperledger Fabric only supports internationally common encryption algorithms,so it is particularly necessary to enhance support for the national encryption standard.Traditional identity authentication,access control,and security audit technologies have single-point failures,and data can be easily tampered with,leading to trust issues.To address these problems,this paper proposes an optimized and application research plan for Hyperledger Fabric.We study the optimization model of cryptographic components in Hyperledger Fabric,and based on Fabric's pluggable mechanism,we enhance the Fabric architecture with the national encryption standard.In addition,we research key technologies involved in the secure application protocol based on the blockchain.We propose a blockchain-based identity authentication protocol,detailing the design of an identity authentication scheme based on blockchain certificates and Fabric CA,and use a dual-signature method to further improve its security and reliability.Then,we propose a flexible,dynamically configurable real-time access control and security audit mechanism based on blockchain,further enhancing the security of the system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12201171)。
文摘We construct an infinite family of minimal linear codes over the ring F_(2)+u F_(2).These codes are defined through trace functions and Boolean functions.Their Lee weight distribution is completely computed by Walsh transformation.By Gray mapping,we obtain a family of minimal binary linear codes from a generic construction,which have prominent applications in secret sharing and secure two-party computation.
