The social sphere enters into dialectics with traditional media:news and narratives,comments and criticisms bounce from one side to the other.From this point of view,the TV of talk and infotainment is an emblematic ca...The social sphere enters into dialectics with traditional media:news and narratives,comments and criticisms bounce from one side to the other.From this point of view,the TV of talk and infotainment is an emblematic case.The rich diffusion of the new digital channels,the consolidation of satellite television,but also the explosion of on demand content,have urged the player market to exercise hybrid solutions for enriching and integrating the television offer,appealing to the potential given by the web.The television networks-being aware of the re-determination of the medium-combine and integrate new engagment models and strategies with the offer of con-tents and the programming strategies typical of generalist television.The television networks-being aware of the re-determination of the medium-combine and integrate new engagment models and strategies with the of-fer of contents nd the programming strategies typical of generalist television.展开更多
To solve the problem of identification and measurement of two projectiles hitting the target at the same time,this paper proposes a projectile coordinate test method combining three photoelectric encoder detection scr...To solve the problem of identification and measurement of two projectiles hitting the target at the same time,this paper proposes a projectile coordinate test method combining three photoelectric encoder detection screens,and establishes a coordinate calculation model for two projectiles to reach the same detection screen at the same time.The design method of three photoelectric encoder detection screens and the position coordinate recognition algorithm of the blocked array photoelectric detector when projectile passing through the photoelectric encoder detection screen are studied.Using the screen projection method,the intersected linear equation of the projectile and the line laser with the main detection screen as the core coordinate plane is established,and the projectile coordinate data set formed by any two photoelectric encoder detection screens is constructed.The principle of minimum error of coordinate data set is used to determine the coordinates of two projectiles hitting the target at the same time.The rationality and feasibility of the proposed test method are verified by experiments and comparative tests.展开更多
Objective:To demonstrate the effect of indoor spraying and window screens on Aedes aegypti mosquito density after space spraying.Methods:A total of 141 households(the study houses)in six communities of Songkhla City,l...Objective:To demonstrate the effect of indoor spraying and window screens on Aedes aegypti mosquito density after space spraying.Methods:A total of 141 households(the study houses)in six communities of Songkhla City,located in Songkhla Province of southern Thailand,were randomly selected and the adult Ae.aegypti populations were assessed pre-and post-insecticide spraying from March to October,2014.Houses close to(within a 20 m radius)the study houses were analyzed using spatial analysis tools.The Aedes aegypti density in the study houses and house density index were compared with the density in the neighbouring houses,based on three spraying conditions:(i)unsprayed(ii)only outdoor sprayed and(iii)indoor plus outdoor sprayed.Results:Only spraying houses indoors was the most effective(P<0.05).There was insufficient evidence that the source of the increase in the number of mosquitoes in unsprayed houses was due to their migration from neighbouring houses which had been sprayed.However,the study houses without screens on their windows were found to have a likely higher dengue vector population after spraying,but the difference was not significant.Conclusions:In dengue endemic areas,all houses should be fully screened and the number of houses ultra-low volume sprayed indoor plus outdoor should be increased with the cooperation of householders and communities during epidemics.展开更多
Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditio...Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditioning has reduced the harshness of indoor discomforts to the barest minimum. It is no more uncommon to find it regularly in use in most homes and offices. Currently, the economy has the centrality of its power supply hinged on generator plants. The enigma of the current situation is how this alternative problem has catastrophic after effects on the environment. This and many more add up to the greatest of all the threats now evading our environment and the world -- Global warming. The threat of Global warming is real and the need to find less environmentally destructive sources of energy cannot be overemphasized. This paper is a contribution towards energy saving in buildings through the reduction of solar radiation incident on buildings. Sustainable Building calls for an integrated planning approach for operating buildings economically, substantially reducing their impact on the environment by reducing energy/power consumption, amongst others, and enhancing the well-being of their inhabitants. Only buildings that reconcile all of the above factors are fit for the future. A case study of the CMS （Catholic Mission School） Book Shop house in Lagos was carried out. The methodology involved the use of a solar chart and shadow angle protractor to determine the overheated periods represented by the shading masks and data collected. From this analysis, it was decided to accept the use of external sun shading and preliminary designs and specifications were prepared by the architects. The use of external solar screens made a saving of up to 75% of the energy input which would otherwise have been required by air-conditioning.展开更多
The synthetic index K s for evaluating flip-flow screens is proposed and systematically optimized in view of the whole system. A series of optimized values of relevant parameters are found and then compared with those...The synthetic index K s for evaluating flip-flow screens is proposed and systematically optimized in view of the whole system. A series of optimized values of relevant parameters are found and then compared with those of the current industrial specifications. The results show that the optimized value K s approaches the one of those famous flip-flow screens in the world. Some new findings on geometric and kinematics parameters are useful for improving the flip-flow screens with a low K s value, which is helpful in developing clean coal technology.展开更多
Pressure losses in flow components are generally characterized either by pressure loss coefficients or by discharge coefficients. The pressure drop for incompressible flow across a screen of fractional free area a is ...Pressure losses in flow components are generally characterized either by pressure loss coefficients or by discharge coefficients. The pressure drop for incompressible flow across a screen of fractional free area a is often calculated from widely used correlation provided in Perry＇s Handbook. This correlation was developed based on experimental work which have covered a wide range of fractional free area （a = 0.14 to 0.79）. The present work aims at validation for a flow in plain square mesh screen with a particular fractional free area （porosity, a） of 0.25 using CFD （Computational Fluid Dynamics） approach. The simulations are carried out for wide range of screen Reynolds number （Re = 0.1 to 105） covering both laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Initial simulations are carried out for incompressible fluid （water） and further extended to compressible fluid （air）. Discharge coefficients obtained from the simulations are compared with experimental values. Effect of compressibility on discharge coefficients is described.展开更多
Recently,residents of Xi an,Shaanxi Province,have called on the city's mayor to ban electronic screens in schools and rein-state blackboards,arguing screen-based instruction and learning is causing eye fatigue and...Recently,residents of Xi an,Shaanxi Province,have called on the city's mayor to ban electronic screens in schools and rein-state blackboards,arguing screen-based instruction and learning is causing eye fatigue and vision problems among students.展开更多
A recent study published in Nature by Maya M.Arce and colleagues unveils the role of central gene circuits in governing the delicate balance between T cell rest and T cell activation.This work bridges fundamental mole...A recent study published in Nature by Maya M.Arce and colleagues unveils the role of central gene circuits in governing the delicate balance between T cell rest and T cell activation.This work bridges fundamental molecular biology with findings in preclinical models,providing insights into context-specific gene regulation and potential therapeutic targets for immune modulation.展开更多
Mutations in the oncogene NRAS that induce constitutive RAS-GTPase activity lead to unchecked cell proliferation and migration through downstream activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphoinos...Mutations in the oncogene NRAS that induce constitutive RAS-GTPase activity lead to unchecked cell proliferation and migration through downstream activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)signalling pathways[1].These mutations occur in approximately 20%of melanomas and very rarely coexist with BRAF V600 mutations.NRASmutant melanoma is associated with poor survival[2]and represents an unmet clinical need,with no effective therapies available following immunotherapy failure.Identification of contextual essential genes that exert stronger fitness effects on NRAS-mutant melanoma cells presents an opportunity for the discovery of targeted therapies.In this study,we employed CRISPR-Cas9-mediated whole-genome dropout screens to identify genetic dependencies in NRAS-mutant melanoma.Typically,melanoma cell lines are cultured under ambient(∼20%)O_(2) conditions,despite O_(2 )concentrations of<8%at the epidermaldermal junction where melanocytes reside,resulting in adaptations in gene and protein expression[3].展开更多
Vibrating flip-flow screens are widely used in the field of screening;its actual operation is affected by the impact force of materials,but existing research usually ignores this effect.Based on this background,consid...Vibrating flip-flow screens are widely used in the field of screening;its actual operation is affected by the impact force of materials,but existing research usually ignores this effect.Based on this background,considering the influence of material impact force and moment on vibrating flip-flow screens,this paper develops a dynamic model and a vibration differential equation of a vibrating flip-flow screen,performs the analysis of material movement and calculation of the material impact force,and includes the material impact force in the dynamic characteristic analysis of a vibrating flip-flow screen.The results indicate the following:(1)The impact forces F_(x) and F_(y) account for 29%and 57.58%of the excitation force amplitude,respectively,indicating that they are of the same magnitude as the excitation force.Material impact increases the vibration amplitudes of the main and floating frames,and therefore,cannot be ignored in vibrating flip-flow screen design.(2)By comparing the vibrating flip-flow screen's responses with and without the impact,it is found that impact force significantly influences the system response,causing the displacement curve to shift and the amplitude–frequency curve to have periodic fluctuations and peak values.(3)The effects of impact parameters on the dynamic characteristics of a vibrating flip-flow screen are studied.The results show that increases in material mass and material binding coefficient lead to a decrease in the system natural frequencies.Due to the impact force,the amplitude–frequency curve of the main frame peaks at a frequency lower than the first order of the natural frequency,and the amplitude–frequency curve of the floating frame peaks in the intervals of 5–10Hz and 20–25 Hz.The results provide a theoretical reference for the design of vibrating flip-flow screens.The operating frequency of vibrating flip-flow screens should be selected to avoid the peak value due to the impact force,which helps extend the working life.展开更多
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screens represent a transformative force in biological discovery,enabling the unbiased interrogation of gene function in a wide range of applications.Tr...Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screens represent a transformative force in biological discovery,enabling the unbiased interrogation of gene function in a wide range of applications.Traditional screening approaches predominantly hinge on cell fitness or established markers,which inherently constrain their abilities for unbiased biological discovery.By contrast,single-cell CRISPR screening technologies,which combine pooled CRISPR screens with an array of sophisticated single-cell omics platforms,permit comprehensive profiling of the transcriptome and epigenome following individual genetic manipulations within complex cellular ecosystems.Over the past decade,a panoply of single-cell CRISPR platforms has emerged,each tailored to address specific experimental challenges.Iterative refinements in protocols have bolstered precision,scalability,and reproducibility,thereby enormously advancing functional genomics and translational research.However,technical obstacles such as perturbation efficiency,scalability,and data integration persist,necessitating cross-disciplinary collaboration and innovation.As single-cell CRISPR platforms evolve to incorporate spatial resolution,multi-omics integration,and AI-guided design,they are poised to bridge the gap between genetic perturbation and system-level interpretation.Here,we summarize recent advances in single-cell CRISPR technologies,outline their applications,and provide a comparative framework to guide platform selection(Perturb-seq,CROP-seq,ECCITE-seq,Direct-seq,and Mosaic-seq).展开更多
Organoids possess immense potential for unraveling the intricate functions of human tissues and facilitating preclinical disease treatment.Their applications span from high-throughput drug screening to the modeling of...Organoids possess immense potential for unraveling the intricate functions of human tissues and facilitating preclinical disease treatment.Their applications span from high-throughput drug screening to the modeling of complex diseases,with some even achieving clinical translation.Changes in the overall size,shape,boundary,and other morphological features of organoids provide a noninvasive method for assessing organoid drug sensitivity.However,the precise segmentation of organoids in bright-field microscopy images is made difficult by the complexity of the organoid morphology and interference,including overlapping organoids,bubbles,dust particles,and cell fragments.This paper introduces the precision organoid segmentation technique(POST),which is a deep-learning algorithm for segmenting challenging organoids under simple bright-field imaging conditions.Unlike existing methods,POST accurately segments each organoid and eliminates various artifacts encountered during organoid culturing and imaging.Furthermore,it is sensitive to and aligns with measurements of organoid activity in drug sensitivity experiments.POST is expected to be a valuable tool for drug screening using organoids owing to its capability of automatically and rapidly eliminating interfering substances and thereby streamlining the organoid analysis and drug screening process.展开更多
In a hot-humid tropical climate,indoor thermal performance can be enhanced by comfort ventilation.Indoor venti-lation depends upon building opening size.But risks involved in providing openings include ingress of mosq...In a hot-humid tropical climate,indoor thermal performance can be enhanced by comfort ventilation.Indoor venti-lation depends upon building opening size.But risks involved in providing openings include ingress of mosquitoes and insects which thrive in the tropical climate.A practical and prevalent option to prevent insects in ventilated dwellings of the tropical,hot-humid city of Chennai,India is through the use offly screens.Fly screens,when used over open-ings,prevent a certain quantum of solar radiation and wind from entering inside the rooms.Reduced direct solar radiation prevents the indoors from heating up,while reduced wind movement prevents the cross ventilation.There-fore,it is important to know the indoor thermal performance of ventilated rooms in the presence offly screens with changing opening sizes.The criterion to evaluate indoor thermal performance in this paper is indoor air temperature.The aim of this research is to investigate the influence offly screens on openings with varying sizes,in a naturally ventilated dwelling in the hot-humid climate of Chennai,India,during the summer period.The results of the study show thatfly screens raise the indoor air temperature when openings are in the range of 100%to 35%of the roomfloor area.There is no significant change in the indoor air temperature when the opening sizes are less than 30%of the roomfloor area.展开更多
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant tumor prevalent in southern China and Southeast Asia,where its early detection is crucial for improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality rates.However,existing scree...Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant tumor prevalent in southern China and Southeast Asia,where its early detection is crucial for improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality rates.However,existing screening methods suffer from limitations in accuracy and accessibility,hindering their application in large-scale population screening.In this work,a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based method was established to explore the profiles of different stratified components in saliva from NPC and healthy subjects after fractionation processing.The study findings indicate that all fractionated samples exhibit diseaseassociated molecular signaling differences,where small-molecule(molecular weight cut-offvalue is 10 kDa)demonstrating superior classification capabilities with sensitivity of 90.5%and speci-ficity of 75.6%,area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of 0:925±0:031.The primary objective of this study was to qualitatively explore patterns in saliva composition across groups.The proposed SERS detection strategy for fractionated saliva offers novel insights for enhancing the sensitivity and reliability of noninvasive NPC screening,laying the foundation for translational application in large-scale clinical settings.展开更多
Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonst...Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonstrated that supernatant(SPX)improved kidney function in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy mice model.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SPX inhibited complement activation by targeting the MASP1-C3/C3a receptor(C3aR)pathway.Peptidomic analysis identified 304 peptides from SPX,with 49 peptides selected for evaluation using prediction tools and molecular docking with complement core protein C3.Three peptides(PMGFPFDR,FNDPK,AAQFFNR)exhibiting docking scores below-8.0 were synthesized to verify complement inhibition and anti-fibrotic activities.The synthetic peptide AAQFFNR demonstrated complement inhibitory activity,with an inhibitory complement hemolytic 50%(ICH_(50))value of 24.54μmol·L^(-1),and exhibited superior protective effects in ADR-induced HK-2 cells.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)assay revealed direct interaction between AAQFFNR and complement C3 with K_(d)value of 16.8μmol·L^(-1).The reno-protective effect of AAQFFNR was subsequently verified in ADR-induced mice.This research provides initial evidence that complement C3-inhibiting peptides from insects demonstrate potential in preventing nephropathy through in silico and in vivo validation approaches.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR sc...Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.展开更多
文摘The social sphere enters into dialectics with traditional media:news and narratives,comments and criticisms bounce from one side to the other.From this point of view,the TV of talk and infotainment is an emblematic case.The rich diffusion of the new digital channels,the consolidation of satellite television,but also the explosion of on demand content,have urged the player market to exercise hybrid solutions for enriching and integrating the television offer,appealing to the potential given by the web.The television networks-being aware of the re-determination of the medium-combine and integrate new engagment models and strategies with the offer of con-tents and the programming strategies typical of generalist television.The television networks-being aware of the re-determination of the medium-combine and integrate new engagment models and strategies with the of-fer of contents nd the programming strategies typical of generalist television.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62073256)Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department(Grant No.2023-YBGY-342)。
文摘To solve the problem of identification and measurement of two projectiles hitting the target at the same time,this paper proposes a projectile coordinate test method combining three photoelectric encoder detection screens,and establishes a coordinate calculation model for two projectiles to reach the same detection screen at the same time.The design method of three photoelectric encoder detection screens and the position coordinate recognition algorithm of the blocked array photoelectric detector when projectile passing through the photoelectric encoder detection screen are studied.Using the screen projection method,the intersected linear equation of the projectile and the line laser with the main detection screen as the core coordinate plane is established,and the projectile coordinate data set formed by any two photoelectric encoder detection screens is constructed.The principle of minimum error of coordinate data set is used to determine the coordinates of two projectiles hitting the target at the same time.The rationality and feasibility of the proposed test method are verified by experiments and comparative tests.
基金supported by Research Fund,Prince of Songkla University Contract Number MET590137S.
文摘Objective:To demonstrate the effect of indoor spraying and window screens on Aedes aegypti mosquito density after space spraying.Methods:A total of 141 households(the study houses)in six communities of Songkhla City,located in Songkhla Province of southern Thailand,were randomly selected and the adult Ae.aegypti populations were assessed pre-and post-insecticide spraying from March to October,2014.Houses close to(within a 20 m radius)the study houses were analyzed using spatial analysis tools.The Aedes aegypti density in the study houses and house density index were compared with the density in the neighbouring houses,based on three spraying conditions:(i)unsprayed(ii)only outdoor sprayed and(iii)indoor plus outdoor sprayed.Results:Only spraying houses indoors was the most effective(P<0.05).There was insufficient evidence that the source of the increase in the number of mosquitoes in unsprayed houses was due to their migration from neighbouring houses which had been sprayed.However,the study houses without screens on their windows were found to have a likely higher dengue vector population after spraying,but the difference was not significant.Conclusions:In dengue endemic areas,all houses should be fully screened and the number of houses ultra-low volume sprayed indoor plus outdoor should be increased with the cooperation of householders and communities during epidemics.
文摘Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditioning has reduced the harshness of indoor discomforts to the barest minimum. It is no more uncommon to find it regularly in use in most homes and offices. Currently, the economy has the centrality of its power supply hinged on generator plants. The enigma of the current situation is how this alternative problem has catastrophic after effects on the environment. This and many more add up to the greatest of all the threats now evading our environment and the world -- Global warming. The threat of Global warming is real and the need to find less environmentally destructive sources of energy cannot be overemphasized. This paper is a contribution towards energy saving in buildings through the reduction of solar radiation incident on buildings. Sustainable Building calls for an integrated planning approach for operating buildings economically, substantially reducing their impact on the environment by reducing energy/power consumption, amongst others, and enhancing the well-being of their inhabitants. Only buildings that reconcile all of the above factors are fit for the future. A case study of the CMS （Catholic Mission School） Book Shop house in Lagos was carried out. The methodology involved the use of a solar chart and shadow angle protractor to determine the overheated periods represented by the shading masks and data collected. From this analysis, it was decided to accept the use of external sun shading and preliminary designs and specifications were prepared by the architects. The use of external solar screens made a saving of up to 75% of the energy input which would otherwise have been required by air-conditioning.
文摘The synthetic index K s for evaluating flip-flow screens is proposed and systematically optimized in view of the whole system. A series of optimized values of relevant parameters are found and then compared with those of the current industrial specifications. The results show that the optimized value K s approaches the one of those famous flip-flow screens in the world. Some new findings on geometric and kinematics parameters are useful for improving the flip-flow screens with a low K s value, which is helpful in developing clean coal technology.
文摘Pressure losses in flow components are generally characterized either by pressure loss coefficients or by discharge coefficients. The pressure drop for incompressible flow across a screen of fractional free area a is often calculated from widely used correlation provided in Perry＇s Handbook. This correlation was developed based on experimental work which have covered a wide range of fractional free area （a = 0.14 to 0.79）. The present work aims at validation for a flow in plain square mesh screen with a particular fractional free area （porosity, a） of 0.25 using CFD （Computational Fluid Dynamics） approach. The simulations are carried out for wide range of screen Reynolds number （Re = 0.1 to 105） covering both laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Initial simulations are carried out for incompressible fluid （water） and further extended to compressible fluid （air）. Discharge coefficients obtained from the simulations are compared with experimental values. Effect of compressibility on discharge coefficients is described.
文摘Recently,residents of Xi an,Shaanxi Province,have called on the city's mayor to ban electronic screens in schools and rein-state blackboards,arguing screen-based instruction and learning is causing eye fatigue and vision problems among students.
文摘A recent study published in Nature by Maya M.Arce and colleagues unveils the role of central gene circuits in governing the delicate balance between T cell rest and T cell activation.This work bridges fundamental molecular biology with findings in preclinical models,providing insights into context-specific gene regulation and potential therapeutic targets for immune modulation.
基金funded by the Cancer Society of New Zealand(18.14)Cancer Research Trust New Zealand(2005-PGS)University of Auckland Genomics into Medicine Strategic Research Initiatives Fund and Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery Flexible Research Programme.
文摘Mutations in the oncogene NRAS that induce constitutive RAS-GTPase activity lead to unchecked cell proliferation and migration through downstream activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)signalling pathways[1].These mutations occur in approximately 20%of melanomas and very rarely coexist with BRAF V600 mutations.NRASmutant melanoma is associated with poor survival[2]and represents an unmet clinical need,with no effective therapies available following immunotherapy failure.Identification of contextual essential genes that exert stronger fitness effects on NRAS-mutant melanoma cells presents an opportunity for the discovery of targeted therapies.In this study,we employed CRISPR-Cas9-mediated whole-genome dropout screens to identify genetic dependencies in NRAS-mutant melanoma.Typically,melanoma cell lines are cultured under ambient(∼20%)O_(2) conditions,despite O_(2 )concentrations of<8%at the epidermaldermal junction where melanocytes reside,resulting in adaptations in gene and protein expression[3].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12272259).
文摘Vibrating flip-flow screens are widely used in the field of screening;its actual operation is affected by the impact force of materials,but existing research usually ignores this effect.Based on this background,considering the influence of material impact force and moment on vibrating flip-flow screens,this paper develops a dynamic model and a vibration differential equation of a vibrating flip-flow screen,performs the analysis of material movement and calculation of the material impact force,and includes the material impact force in the dynamic characteristic analysis of a vibrating flip-flow screen.The results indicate the following:(1)The impact forces F_(x) and F_(y) account for 29%and 57.58%of the excitation force amplitude,respectively,indicating that they are of the same magnitude as the excitation force.Material impact increases the vibration amplitudes of the main and floating frames,and therefore,cannot be ignored in vibrating flip-flow screen design.(2)By comparing the vibrating flip-flow screen's responses with and without the impact,it is found that impact force significantly influences the system response,causing the displacement curve to shift and the amplitude–frequency curve to have periodic fluctuations and peak values.(3)The effects of impact parameters on the dynamic characteristics of a vibrating flip-flow screen are studied.The results show that increases in material mass and material binding coefficient lead to a decrease in the system natural frequencies.Due to the impact force,the amplitude–frequency curve of the main frame peaks at a frequency lower than the first order of the natural frequency,and the amplitude–frequency curve of the floating frame peaks in the intervals of 5–10Hz and 20–25 Hz.The results provide a theoretical reference for the design of vibrating flip-flow screens.The operating frequency of vibrating flip-flow screens should be selected to avoid the peak value due to the impact force,which helps extend the working life.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1102300)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2021-RC310-015)+1 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,2024-I2M-ZH-015 and 2023-I2M-2-007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370118 and 82470240).
文摘Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screens represent a transformative force in biological discovery,enabling the unbiased interrogation of gene function in a wide range of applications.Traditional screening approaches predominantly hinge on cell fitness or established markers,which inherently constrain their abilities for unbiased biological discovery.By contrast,single-cell CRISPR screening technologies,which combine pooled CRISPR screens with an array of sophisticated single-cell omics platforms,permit comprehensive profiling of the transcriptome and epigenome following individual genetic manipulations within complex cellular ecosystems.Over the past decade,a panoply of single-cell CRISPR platforms has emerged,each tailored to address specific experimental challenges.Iterative refinements in protocols have bolstered precision,scalability,and reproducibility,thereby enormously advancing functional genomics and translational research.However,technical obstacles such as perturbation efficiency,scalability,and data integration persist,necessitating cross-disciplinary collaboration and innovation.As single-cell CRISPR platforms evolve to incorporate spatial resolution,multi-omics integration,and AI-guided design,they are poised to bridge the gap between genetic perturbation and system-level interpretation.Here,we summarize recent advances in single-cell CRISPR technologies,outline their applications,and provide a comparative framework to guide platform selection(Perturb-seq,CROP-seq,ECCITE-seq,Direct-seq,and Mosaic-seq).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2504403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62172202)+1 种基金the Experiment Project of China Manned Space Program(No.HYZHXM01019)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from Southeast University(No.3207032101C3)。
文摘Organoids possess immense potential for unraveling the intricate functions of human tissues and facilitating preclinical disease treatment.Their applications span from high-throughput drug screening to the modeling of complex diseases,with some even achieving clinical translation.Changes in the overall size,shape,boundary,and other morphological features of organoids provide a noninvasive method for assessing organoid drug sensitivity.However,the precise segmentation of organoids in bright-field microscopy images is made difficult by the complexity of the organoid morphology and interference,including overlapping organoids,bubbles,dust particles,and cell fragments.This paper introduces the precision organoid segmentation technique(POST),which is a deep-learning algorithm for segmenting challenging organoids under simple bright-field imaging conditions.Unlike existing methods,POST accurately segments each organoid and eliminates various artifacts encountered during organoid culturing and imaging.Furthermore,it is sensitive to and aligns with measurements of organoid activity in drug sensitivity experiments.POST is expected to be a valuable tool for drug screening using organoids owing to its capability of automatically and rapidly eliminating interfering substances and thereby streamlining the organoid analysis and drug screening process.
文摘In a hot-humid tropical climate,indoor thermal performance can be enhanced by comfort ventilation.Indoor venti-lation depends upon building opening size.But risks involved in providing openings include ingress of mosquitoes and insects which thrive in the tropical climate.A practical and prevalent option to prevent insects in ventilated dwellings of the tropical,hot-humid city of Chennai,India is through the use offly screens.Fly screens,when used over open-ings,prevent a certain quantum of solar radiation and wind from entering inside the rooms.Reduced direct solar radiation prevents the indoors from heating up,while reduced wind movement prevents the cross ventilation.There-fore,it is important to know the indoor thermal performance of ventilated rooms in the presence offly screens with changing opening sizes.The criterion to evaluate indoor thermal performance in this paper is indoor air temperature.The aim of this research is to investigate the influence offly screens on openings with varying sizes,in a naturally ventilated dwelling in the hot-humid climate of Chennai,India,during the summer period.The results of the study show thatfly screens raise the indoor air temperature when openings are in the range of 100%to 35%of the roomfloor area.There is no significant change in the indoor air temperature when the opening sizes are less than 30%of the roomfloor area.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.12374405)Provincial Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Fujian(No.2024J010024)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2023J011267)Major Research Projects for Young and Middle-aged Researchers of Fujian Provincial Health Commission(No.2021ZQNZD010).
文摘Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant tumor prevalent in southern China and Southeast Asia,where its early detection is crucial for improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality rates.However,existing screening methods suffer from limitations in accuracy and accessibility,hindering their application in large-scale population screening.In this work,a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)-based method was established to explore the profiles of different stratified components in saliva from NPC and healthy subjects after fractionation processing.The study findings indicate that all fractionated samples exhibit diseaseassociated molecular signaling differences,where small-molecule(molecular weight cut-offvalue is 10 kDa)demonstrating superior classification capabilities with sensitivity of 90.5%and speci-ficity of 75.6%,area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of 0:925±0:031.The primary objective of this study was to qualitatively explore patterns in saliva composition across groups.The proposed SERS detection strategy for fractionated saliva offers novel insights for enhancing the sensitivity and reliability of noninvasive NPC screening,laying the foundation for translational application in large-scale clinical settings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82104353)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(No.2022M711680).
文摘Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonstrated that supernatant(SPX)improved kidney function in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy mice model.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SPX inhibited complement activation by targeting the MASP1-C3/C3a receptor(C3aR)pathway.Peptidomic analysis identified 304 peptides from SPX,with 49 peptides selected for evaluation using prediction tools and molecular docking with complement core protein C3.Three peptides(PMGFPFDR,FNDPK,AAQFFNR)exhibiting docking scores below-8.0 were synthesized to verify complement inhibition and anti-fibrotic activities.The synthetic peptide AAQFFNR demonstrated complement inhibitory activity,with an inhibitory complement hemolytic 50%(ICH_(50))value of 24.54μmol·L^(-1),and exhibited superior protective effects in ADR-induced HK-2 cells.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)assay revealed direct interaction between AAQFFNR and complement C3 with K_(d)value of 16.8μmol·L^(-1).The reno-protective effect of AAQFFNR was subsequently verified in ADR-induced mice.This research provides initial evidence that complement C3-inhibiting peptides from insects demonstrate potential in preventing nephropathy through in silico and in vivo validation approaches.
基金funded by the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center 2025(GWJJMB202510024146)the Post-Subsidy Project for Standard Development of Guizhou Provincial Market Supervision and Administration Bureau 2025(DB52/T1726-2023)the Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund Project(gzwkj2024-076,gzwkj2026-146).
文摘Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.
