立足科技情报知识服务视角,梳理AI for Science (AI4S)推动的“平台科研”范式内涵与框架。根据库恩范式理论论述了AI4S推动科研范式革新的必然性,采用培根归纳法总结的科学研究流程作为框架线索,阐明创新知识服务与“平台科研”范式的...立足科技情报知识服务视角,梳理AI for Science (AI4S)推动的“平台科研”范式内涵与框架。根据库恩范式理论论述了AI4S推动科研范式革新的必然性,采用培根归纳法总结的科学研究流程作为框架线索,阐明创新知识服务与“平台科研”范式的互促共进关系并作为理论指导。创新知识服务视角下的“平台科研”范式以服务科研创新活动为宗旨,主要内容包括知识表示视角下的科学数据管理、知识融合视角下的通用知识库构建、知识推理视角下的科学假设预测、知识发现视角下的科学实验执行和知识应用视角下的工业赋能。本文提出了一种创新知识服务视角下的“平台科研”范式框架,旨在从创新知识服务角度理解“平台科研”范式,厘清各主要环节创新知识服务的核心研究内容,以期成为科技情报研究领域的新兴知识生长点,为我国抢抓AI4S科研范式革新机遇提供参考思路。展开更多
目的对近年来中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热(FN)抗菌治疗相关文献进行计量与可视化分析,探讨该领域研究趋势与热点。方法检索Web of Science数据库,分析文献发表趋势、国家/地区、研究机构、期刊分布、作者影响力及关键词共现情况。利用VOSviewe...目的对近年来中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热(FN)抗菌治疗相关文献进行计量与可视化分析,探讨该领域研究趋势与热点。方法检索Web of Science数据库,分析文献发表趋势、国家/地区、研究机构、期刊分布、作者影响力及关键词共现情况。利用VOSviewer、Citespace和Scimago Graphica软件进行图谱分析,呈现FN抗菌治疗的研究热点与发展趋势。结果共纳入536篇文献,2014-2019年的年均发文量约为43篇,2020-2024年的年均发文量约为54篇,呈上升趋势。发文量最多的国家是美国(134篇,占25.00%);发文量最多的机构是墨尔本大学(18篇);发文量最多的作者是GUDIOL C(9篇)。关键词聚类分析显示,研究热点主要集中于“中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热”“抗菌药物管理”“免疫功能受损宿主”“风险评估”“成本效益分析”“经验性治疗”“金黄色葡萄球菌”方面。结论抗菌药物治疗FN相关研究的发文量近年来呈上升趋势,抗菌药物管理、免疫功能受损宿主治疗、耐药性控制及个性化治疗可能成为未来主要研究方向。展开更多
AI for Science的高质量发展对于加快实现高水平科技自立自强、建设世界科技强国具有重要意义。从AI、Science、for三个核心概念出发,探讨如何理解和发展AI for Science。在人机协作形态的历史演进中理解AI,即在感知性协作、肢体性协作...AI for Science的高质量发展对于加快实现高水平科技自立自强、建设世界科技强国具有重要意义。从AI、Science、for三个核心概念出发,探讨如何理解和发展AI for Science。在人机协作形态的历史演进中理解AI,即在感知性协作、肢体性协作、计算性协作到认知性协作的脉络中考察AI在科学研究中的角色。AI不再只是从外部为科研赋能,而是逐步介入科学家的思维过程,在认知层面与科学家建立深度协作。从全过程科研视角分析Science,AI不仅赋能科学知识生产,也推动科技传播的民主化与精准化,助力科研管理与评价的智能化。从技术—社会系统的视角来看,为了更好地释放AI for Science的潜力,应着眼于面向AI for Science的科研生态系统整体建设。未来应从人才培养、科研组织、数据资源、伦理治理等行动领域出发,提升科研人员的AI for Science胜任力、推动跨领域合作、促进高质量数据流通与共享以及加强科技伦理治理。展开更多
面对复杂而又充斥着不确定性的科学研究活动,生成式人工智能工具的广泛应用正引领一种新的科学研究范式——“人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)范式”。研究发现,已有关于AI for Science的研究大多依据吉姆·格雷(Jim Gray)...面对复杂而又充斥着不确定性的科学研究活动,生成式人工智能工具的广泛应用正引领一种新的科学研究范式——“人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)范式”。研究发现,已有关于AI for Science的研究大多依据吉姆·格雷(Jim Gray)的划分方式展开探讨,忽视了科学研究范式划分的不同历史传统。其中,关于科学研究范式的历史形态是多种多样的,不同的学科定位、视域和关注点会形成不同的划分结果。格雷的划分方式侧重于科学研究手段或方法的变化,而科学研究活动主要由科研主体、方法和对象组成。与传统的科学研究活动相比,人工智能驱动的科学研究活动在科研主体上存在着较大的差异,这是与以往科学研究范式相比具有显著区别的变革,当然也有科学研究对象等其他因素的变化。追问AI for Science引发的科学研究范式革命,对于考察科学研究范式的划分问题提供了新视角。展开更多
产气荚膜梭菌是革兰氏阳性杆菌,通过释放多种毒素和酶引发畜禽严重疾病,降低畜牧业生产。文献分析可把握学科发展方向,明确当前研究现状和发展趋势。然而,缺乏对产气荚膜梭菌文献的系统梳理,基于此,研究旨在利用Web of science核心数据...产气荚膜梭菌是革兰氏阳性杆菌,通过释放多种毒素和酶引发畜禽严重疾病,降低畜牧业生产。文献分析可把握学科发展方向,明确当前研究现状和发展趋势。然而,缺乏对产气荚膜梭菌文献的系统梳理,基于此,研究旨在利用Web of science核心数据库,以产气荚膜梭菌为关键词归纳,总结文献。结果表明:(1)1980-2022年,发表产气荚膜梭菌相关文献共计9093篇,其中“Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States-Major Pathogens”,被引频次最多(1401次);(2)发文量较多的国家依次为美国(2688)>日本(850)>德国(644)>英国(561)>加拿大(501)>中国(500);(3)产气荚膜梭菌的关键词最大权重为toxin(1980-2022年),且以微生物,农业,食品科学技术,兽医学以及生物工程与应用生物学等学科交叉。产气荚膜梭菌的有效遏制是核心,快速根除是关键,该文分析产气荚膜梭菌的研究趋势,提出噬菌体治疗、疫苗免疫等今后研究新思路,为保障畜牧业生产提供理论支撑。展开更多
当前,人工智能正推动科学发现从传统的经验试错阶段迈向智能化、自动化的新阶段,引发了一场深刻的范式革命。本文提出,科学智能(AI for Science)不仅是技术工具的升级,更是一场重塑知识生产方式的智能化革命,标志着第五科研范式的全面...当前,人工智能正推动科学发现从传统的经验试错阶段迈向智能化、自动化的新阶段,引发了一场深刻的范式革命。本文提出,科学智能(AI for Science)不仅是技术工具的升级,更是一场重塑知识生产方式的智能化革命,标志着第五科研范式的全面兴起。科学智能通过自主假说生成、闭环实验验证与端到端建模,显著提升了传统科研在知识整合、数据处理、理论拓展和实验验证等方面的效率,实现了科研效率的指数级跃升。尤为关键的是,科学智能的“规模法则”与“飞轮效应”正推动科研从分散化的“小作坊”模式向平台化、协同化和工业化模式转变。这一变革为破解中国在“卡脖子”领域长期受制于人的问题提供了全新路径,也为中国发挥全产业链优势、实现科技—产业高效转化带来历史性机遇。本文强调,中国必须超越支持单个项目的传统思维,加快构建以数据为基础、算力为支撑、模型为核心、应用为牵引的国家战略科技力量体系。本文建议设立跨部门协同机制,推动形成开放共享的智能科研生态,将“人工智能+”行动深度融入基础研究与产业创新全链条,抢占全球科技竞争制高点,为发展新质生产力提供核心引擎。展开更多
政治生态学作为新兴的跨学科研究领域,在国外已经积累了丰富的理论和实证研究成果。然而在国内该领域的研究尚处于萌芽阶段,且在引入和应用的过程中,因术语混淆、问题差异、意识形态等原因与国外主流政治生态学范式明显不同。相较于国...政治生态学作为新兴的跨学科研究领域,在国外已经积累了丰富的理论和实证研究成果。然而在国内该领域的研究尚处于萌芽阶段,且在引入和应用的过程中,因术语混淆、问题差异、意识形态等原因与国外主流政治生态学范式明显不同。相较于国外采用多元理论方法综合研究环境问题的“扩展了的生态学”,国内政治生态学研究多归属于政治学领域,整体呈现出“三元”分立的图景。以Web of Science和中国知网为数据来源,从发文量、主要研究群体、学科分布、关键词共现等方面对国内外政治生态学研究进行比较分析,以厘清中外不同语境下政治生态学的研究差异,从而为我国政治生态学未来发展提供启示。展开更多
目的对疟原虫种群遗传学研究的现状及发展趋势进行文献计量学分析,为相关研究提供参考。方法检索2014—2023年科学引文索引数据库(Web of Science,WoS)中疟原虫种群遗传学领域相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.3.1和VOSviewer 1.6.18软件对发...目的对疟原虫种群遗传学研究的现状及发展趋势进行文献计量学分析,为相关研究提供参考。方法检索2014—2023年科学引文索引数据库(Web of Science,WoS)中疟原虫种群遗传学领域相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.3.1和VOSviewer 1.6.18软件对发文国家、机构、作者、期刊、关键词等进行描述及评价,分析研究趋势及热点。结果2014—2023年疟原虫种群遗传学领域共纳入文献903篇,年发文量为59~111篇;美国(327篇)、英国(169篇)和中国(107篇)是发文量前3的国家;高校、研究机构以及卫生与疾病预防控制机构是该领域最为活跃的机构,其中发文量最高的是英国牛津大学(68篇)。研究对象主要为恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫;关键词共形成抗药性等13个聚类;关键词突现分析显示,既往该领域研究主要集中在疟疾传播动力学、种群遗传结构等研究,涉及遗传多态性、自然选择、种群进化和关联性等;近年来,研究热点转向与疟疾防控相关的应用研究,涉及消除疟疾、抗药性、疫苗以及快速诊断等。从研究的技术手段上看,基于基因组数据的疟原虫种群遗传学研究受到越来越多的关注。结论2014—2023年疟原虫种群遗传学领域研究发文量呈波动趋势,我国研究人员可重点关注疟原虫种群遗传学在病例监测、疟原虫抗药性、疫苗评价等方面的应用,并注重基因组数据在该领域中的应用。展开更多
This study presents preliminary results of tidal-induced magnetic field signals extracted from 9 months of data collected by the Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) from November 2023 to July 2024. Tidal signals were iso...This study presents preliminary results of tidal-induced magnetic field signals extracted from 9 months of data collected by the Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) from November 2023 to July 2024. Tidal signals were isolated using sequential modeling techniques by subtracting non-tidal field model predictions from observed magnetic data. The extracted MSS-1 results show strong agreement with those from the Swarm and CryoSat satellites. MSS-1 effectively captures key large-scale tidal-induced magnetic anomalies, mainly due to its unique 41-degree low-inclination orbit, which provides wide coverage of local times. This finding underscores the strong potential of MSS-1 to recover high-resolution global tidal magnetic field models as more MSS-1 data become available.展开更多
目的运用文献计量学方法,分析国际有关儿童脑肿瘤护理的文献,为我国今后开展相关研究提供思路。方法计算机检索Web of Science数据库中于1985—2024年发表的儿童脑肿瘤护理文献,经过筛选和数据处理后,运用BICOMBS软件结合Web of Scienc...目的运用文献计量学方法,分析国际有关儿童脑肿瘤护理的文献,为我国今后开展相关研究提供思路。方法计算机检索Web of Science数据库中于1985—2024年发表的儿童脑肿瘤护理文献,经过筛选和数据处理后,运用BICOMBS软件结合Web of Science数据库自带的文献统计分析功能,分析儿童脑肿瘤护理文献的特点和研究热点。结果共纳入37篇文献,美国发文量最多(23篇,占比62.16%),美国的宾夕法尼亚大学是发文量最多的机构(6篇,占比16.22%)。纳入的37篇文献来源于20种期刊,有7种是护理专业期刊,载文量≥3篇的期刊有4种,其中Oncology Nursing Forum的载文量最多(6篇,占比16.22%),且被引频次最高。发文量最多的作者为Deatrick(6篇,占比16.22%),篇均被引频次最高的作者为Haase(12.67次)。除检索词之外,出现频次较高的关键词是幸存、生活质量、照护。结论儿童脑肿瘤护理研究领域的关注度和成果严重不足,当前研究热点是幸存、生活质量和照护。我国应加大学术投入,加强国际合作;同时,研究人员也应紧跟研究动态,聚焦研究热点,积极开展相关研究并将其应用于临床实践。展开更多
目的基于Web of Science,对肠道微生物与冠心病关联的文献进行可视化分析。方法使用Web of Science(WoS),设置主题词,检索近20年(2002-2021年)相关文献,经筛选后,将符合纳入标准的文献导入CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果共纳入542...目的基于Web of Science,对肠道微生物与冠心病关联的文献进行可视化分析。方法使用Web of Science(WoS),设置主题词,检索近20年(2002-2021年)相关文献,经筛选后,将符合纳入标准的文献导入CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果共纳入542篇文献进行分析,其中美国和美国克利夫兰诊所是产出最多的国家和机构,研究热点是肠道微生物平衡及其代谢产物氧化三甲胺(trimethylamine n-oxide,TMAO)及冠心病治疗方法,高血压是该领域最受关注的相关疾病。结论肠道微生物和冠心病之间的关联研究热点是寻找血清学指标、调控肠道微生物平衡、抑制氧化三甲胺的产生,各团队之间应加强合作交流,推动该领域的发展。展开更多
Water content, whether as free or lattice-bound water, is a crucial factor in determining the Earth's internal thermal state and plays a key role in volcanic eruptions, melting phenomena, and mantle convection rat...Water content, whether as free or lattice-bound water, is a crucial factor in determining the Earth's internal thermal state and plays a key role in volcanic eruptions, melting phenomena, and mantle convection rates. As electrical conductivity in the Earth's interior is highly sensitive to water content, it is an important geophysical parameter for understanding the deep Earth water content. Since its launch on May 21, 2023, the MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1) mission has operated for nearly one year, with its magnetometer achieving a precision of higher than 0.5 nT after orbital testing and calibration. Orbiting at 450 kilometers with a unique 41-degree inclination, the satellite enables high-density observations across multiple local times, allowing detailed monitoring of low-latitude regions and enhancing data for global conductivity imaging. To better understand the global distribution of water within the Earth's interior, it is crucial to study internal conductivity structure and water content distribution. To this aim, we introduce a method for using MSS-1 data to estamate induced magnetic fields related to magnetospheric currents. We then develop a trans-dimensional Bayesian approach to reveal Earth's internal conductivity, providing probable conductivity structure with an uncertainty analysis. Finally, by integrating known mineral composition, pressure, and temperature distribution within the mantle, we estimate the water content range in the mantle transition zone, concluding that this region may contain the equivalent of up to 3.0 oceans of water, providing compelling evidence that supports the hypothesis of a deep water cycle within the Earth's interior.展开更多
Using the new soft X-ray data from the Macao Science Satellite-1,we studied a solar flare that occurred on 22 June 2023.We found that the centroids of the Ca(around 3.9 keV)and Fe(around 6.7 keV)line features exhibit ...Using the new soft X-ray data from the Macao Science Satellite-1,we studied a solar flare that occurred on 22 June 2023.We found that the centroids of the Ca(around 3.9 keV)and Fe(around 6.7 keV)line features exhibit a rapid shift toward higher energy channels during the flare's rising phase,followed by a gradual decrease during the decay phase.Through precise energy calibration,the centroids are determined with high accuracy.Temperature and velocity are then self-consistently derived by comparing the centroids with those calculated from the synthesized line features using the latest CHIANTI atomic database(ver.10.1).The calculated maximum velocity reaches up to 710±60 km s-1,which significantly exceeds the previously reported values.Our results suggest that the entire shift of soft X-ray lines may occur during the process of chromospheric evaporation.展开更多
The Intelligent Internet of Things(IIoT)involves real-world things that communicate or interact with each other through networking technologies by collecting data from these“things”and using intelligent approaches,s...The Intelligent Internet of Things(IIoT)involves real-world things that communicate or interact with each other through networking technologies by collecting data from these“things”and using intelligent approaches,such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning,to make accurate decisions.Data science is the science of dealing with data and its relationships through intelligent approaches.Most state-of-the-art research focuses independently on either data science or IIoT,rather than exploring their integration.Therefore,to address the gap,this article provides a comprehensive survey on the advances and integration of data science with the Intelligent IoT(IIoT)system by classifying the existing IoT-based data science techniques and presenting a summary of various characteristics.The paper analyzes the data science or big data security and privacy features,including network architecture,data protection,and continuous monitoring of data,which face challenges in various IoT-based systems.Extensive insights into IoT data security,privacy,and challenges are visualized in the context of data science for IoT.In addition,this study reveals the current opportunities to enhance data science and IoT market development.The current gap and challenges faced in the integration of data science and IoT are comprehensively presented,followed by the future outlook and possible solutions.展开更多
Accurate modeling of Earth's ionospheric F-region currents is essential for refining geomagnetic field models and understanding magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling.In this study,we develop averaged models to charact...Accurate modeling of Earth's ionospheric F-region currents is essential for refining geomagnetic field models and understanding magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling.In this study,we develop averaged models to characterize F-region currents using magnetic data from the MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1) and Swarm satellite missions.Our approach employs a toroidal field representation,utilizing spherical harmonics to capture spatial variations and Fourier series to represent temporal dynamics.Two models,Model-A and Model-B,derived from distinct datasets,are constructed to represent current patterns at altitudes of 450 km and 512 km,respectively.Our models successfully capture the primary spatial structures and seasonal variations of polar field-aligned currents.Additionally,they accurately reproduce the localized inter-hemispheric field-aligned currents observed in mid and low latitudes during solstices,particularly between 14:00 and 16:00 magnetic local times.These findings enhance our understanding of ionospheric F-region currents and contribute to more precise geomagnetic field modeling.展开更多
文摘立足科技情报知识服务视角,梳理AI for Science (AI4S)推动的“平台科研”范式内涵与框架。根据库恩范式理论论述了AI4S推动科研范式革新的必然性,采用培根归纳法总结的科学研究流程作为框架线索,阐明创新知识服务与“平台科研”范式的互促共进关系并作为理论指导。创新知识服务视角下的“平台科研”范式以服务科研创新活动为宗旨,主要内容包括知识表示视角下的科学数据管理、知识融合视角下的通用知识库构建、知识推理视角下的科学假设预测、知识发现视角下的科学实验执行和知识应用视角下的工业赋能。本文提出了一种创新知识服务视角下的“平台科研”范式框架,旨在从创新知识服务角度理解“平台科研”范式,厘清各主要环节创新知识服务的核心研究内容,以期成为科技情报研究领域的新兴知识生长点,为我国抢抓AI4S科研范式革新机遇提供参考思路。
文摘目的对近年来中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热(FN)抗菌治疗相关文献进行计量与可视化分析,探讨该领域研究趋势与热点。方法检索Web of Science数据库,分析文献发表趋势、国家/地区、研究机构、期刊分布、作者影响力及关键词共现情况。利用VOSviewer、Citespace和Scimago Graphica软件进行图谱分析,呈现FN抗菌治疗的研究热点与发展趋势。结果共纳入536篇文献,2014-2019年的年均发文量约为43篇,2020-2024年的年均发文量约为54篇,呈上升趋势。发文量最多的国家是美国(134篇,占25.00%);发文量最多的机构是墨尔本大学(18篇);发文量最多的作者是GUDIOL C(9篇)。关键词聚类分析显示,研究热点主要集中于“中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热”“抗菌药物管理”“免疫功能受损宿主”“风险评估”“成本效益分析”“经验性治疗”“金黄色葡萄球菌”方面。结论抗菌药物治疗FN相关研究的发文量近年来呈上升趋势,抗菌药物管理、免疫功能受损宿主治疗、耐药性控制及个性化治疗可能成为未来主要研究方向。
文摘AI for Science的高质量发展对于加快实现高水平科技自立自强、建设世界科技强国具有重要意义。从AI、Science、for三个核心概念出发,探讨如何理解和发展AI for Science。在人机协作形态的历史演进中理解AI,即在感知性协作、肢体性协作、计算性协作到认知性协作的脉络中考察AI在科学研究中的角色。AI不再只是从外部为科研赋能,而是逐步介入科学家的思维过程,在认知层面与科学家建立深度协作。从全过程科研视角分析Science,AI不仅赋能科学知识生产,也推动科技传播的民主化与精准化,助力科研管理与评价的智能化。从技术—社会系统的视角来看,为了更好地释放AI for Science的潜力,应着眼于面向AI for Science的科研生态系统整体建设。未来应从人才培养、科研组织、数据资源、伦理治理等行动领域出发,提升科研人员的AI for Science胜任力、推动跨领域合作、促进高质量数据流通与共享以及加强科技伦理治理。
文摘面对复杂而又充斥着不确定性的科学研究活动,生成式人工智能工具的广泛应用正引领一种新的科学研究范式——“人工智能驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)范式”。研究发现,已有关于AI for Science的研究大多依据吉姆·格雷(Jim Gray)的划分方式展开探讨,忽视了科学研究范式划分的不同历史传统。其中,关于科学研究范式的历史形态是多种多样的,不同的学科定位、视域和关注点会形成不同的划分结果。格雷的划分方式侧重于科学研究手段或方法的变化,而科学研究活动主要由科研主体、方法和对象组成。与传统的科学研究活动相比,人工智能驱动的科学研究活动在科研主体上存在着较大的差异,这是与以往科学研究范式相比具有显著区别的变革,当然也有科学研究对象等其他因素的变化。追问AI for Science引发的科学研究范式革命,对于考察科学研究范式的划分问题提供了新视角。
文摘产气荚膜梭菌是革兰氏阳性杆菌,通过释放多种毒素和酶引发畜禽严重疾病,降低畜牧业生产。文献分析可把握学科发展方向,明确当前研究现状和发展趋势。然而,缺乏对产气荚膜梭菌文献的系统梳理,基于此,研究旨在利用Web of science核心数据库,以产气荚膜梭菌为关键词归纳,总结文献。结果表明:(1)1980-2022年,发表产气荚膜梭菌相关文献共计9093篇,其中“Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States-Major Pathogens”,被引频次最多(1401次);(2)发文量较多的国家依次为美国(2688)>日本(850)>德国(644)>英国(561)>加拿大(501)>中国(500);(3)产气荚膜梭菌的关键词最大权重为toxin(1980-2022年),且以微生物,农业,食品科学技术,兽医学以及生物工程与应用生物学等学科交叉。产气荚膜梭菌的有效遏制是核心,快速根除是关键,该文分析产气荚膜梭菌的研究趋势,提出噬菌体治疗、疫苗免疫等今后研究新思路,为保障畜牧业生产提供理论支撑。
文摘当前,人工智能正推动科学发现从传统的经验试错阶段迈向智能化、自动化的新阶段,引发了一场深刻的范式革命。本文提出,科学智能(AI for Science)不仅是技术工具的升级,更是一场重塑知识生产方式的智能化革命,标志着第五科研范式的全面兴起。科学智能通过自主假说生成、闭环实验验证与端到端建模,显著提升了传统科研在知识整合、数据处理、理论拓展和实验验证等方面的效率,实现了科研效率的指数级跃升。尤为关键的是,科学智能的“规模法则”与“飞轮效应”正推动科研从分散化的“小作坊”模式向平台化、协同化和工业化模式转变。这一变革为破解中国在“卡脖子”领域长期受制于人的问题提供了全新路径,也为中国发挥全产业链优势、实现科技—产业高效转化带来历史性机遇。本文强调,中国必须超越支持单个项目的传统思维,加快构建以数据为基础、算力为支撑、模型为核心、应用为牵引的国家战略科技力量体系。本文建议设立跨部门协同机制,推动形成开放共享的智能科研生态,将“人工智能+”行动深度融入基础研究与产业创新全链条,抢占全球科技竞争制高点,为发展新质生产力提供核心引擎。
文摘政治生态学作为新兴的跨学科研究领域,在国外已经积累了丰富的理论和实证研究成果。然而在国内该领域的研究尚处于萌芽阶段,且在引入和应用的过程中,因术语混淆、问题差异、意识形态等原因与国外主流政治生态学范式明显不同。相较于国外采用多元理论方法综合研究环境问题的“扩展了的生态学”,国内政治生态学研究多归属于政治学领域,整体呈现出“三元”分立的图景。以Web of Science和中国知网为数据来源,从发文量、主要研究群体、学科分布、关键词共现等方面对国内外政治生态学研究进行比较分析,以厘清中外不同语境下政治生态学的研究差异,从而为我国政治生态学未来发展提供启示。
文摘目的对疟原虫种群遗传学研究的现状及发展趋势进行文献计量学分析,为相关研究提供参考。方法检索2014—2023年科学引文索引数据库(Web of Science,WoS)中疟原虫种群遗传学领域相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.3.1和VOSviewer 1.6.18软件对发文国家、机构、作者、期刊、关键词等进行描述及评价,分析研究趋势及热点。结果2014—2023年疟原虫种群遗传学领域共纳入文献903篇,年发文量为59~111篇;美国(327篇)、英国(169篇)和中国(107篇)是发文量前3的国家;高校、研究机构以及卫生与疾病预防控制机构是该领域最为活跃的机构,其中发文量最高的是英国牛津大学(68篇)。研究对象主要为恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫;关键词共形成抗药性等13个聚类;关键词突现分析显示,既往该领域研究主要集中在疟疾传播动力学、种群遗传结构等研究,涉及遗传多态性、自然选择、种群进化和关联性等;近年来,研究热点转向与疟疾防控相关的应用研究,涉及消除疟疾、抗药性、疫苗以及快速诊断等。从研究的技术手段上看,基于基因组数据的疟原虫种群遗传学研究受到越来越多的关注。结论2014—2023年疟原虫种群遗传学领域研究发文量呈波动趋势,我国研究人员可重点关注疟原虫种群遗传学在病例监测、疟原虫抗药性、疫苗评价等方面的应用,并注重基因组数据在该领域中的应用。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42250102,42250101)the Macao Foundation and Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(0001/2019/A1)the Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies funded by China National Space Administration(D020303)。
文摘This study presents preliminary results of tidal-induced magnetic field signals extracted from 9 months of data collected by the Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) from November 2023 to July 2024. Tidal signals were isolated using sequential modeling techniques by subtracting non-tidal field model predictions from observed magnetic data. The extracted MSS-1 results show strong agreement with those from the Swarm and CryoSat satellites. MSS-1 effectively captures key large-scale tidal-induced magnetic anomalies, mainly due to its unique 41-degree low-inclination orbit, which provides wide coverage of local times. This finding underscores the strong potential of MSS-1 to recover high-resolution global tidal magnetic field models as more MSS-1 data become available.
文摘目的运用文献计量学方法,分析国际有关儿童脑肿瘤护理的文献,为我国今后开展相关研究提供思路。方法计算机检索Web of Science数据库中于1985—2024年发表的儿童脑肿瘤护理文献,经过筛选和数据处理后,运用BICOMBS软件结合Web of Science数据库自带的文献统计分析功能,分析儿童脑肿瘤护理文献的特点和研究热点。结果共纳入37篇文献,美国发文量最多(23篇,占比62.16%),美国的宾夕法尼亚大学是发文量最多的机构(6篇,占比16.22%)。纳入的37篇文献来源于20种期刊,有7种是护理专业期刊,载文量≥3篇的期刊有4种,其中Oncology Nursing Forum的载文量最多(6篇,占比16.22%),且被引频次最高。发文量最多的作者为Deatrick(6篇,占比16.22%),篇均被引频次最高的作者为Haase(12.67次)。除检索词之外,出现频次较高的关键词是幸存、生活质量、照护。结论儿童脑肿瘤护理研究领域的关注度和成果严重不足,当前研究热点是幸存、生活质量和照护。我国应加大学术投入,加强国际合作;同时,研究人员也应紧跟研究动态,聚焦研究热点,积极开展相关研究并将其应用于临床实践。
文摘目的基于Web of Science,对肠道微生物与冠心病关联的文献进行可视化分析。方法使用Web of Science(WoS),设置主题词,检索近20年(2002-2021年)相关文献,经筛选后,将符合纳入标准的文献导入CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果共纳入542篇文献进行分析,其中美国和美国克利夫兰诊所是产出最多的国家和机构,研究热点是肠道微生物平衡及其代谢产物氧化三甲胺(trimethylamine n-oxide,TMAO)及冠心病治疗方法,高血压是该领域最受关注的相关疾病。结论肠道微生物和冠心病之间的关联研究热点是寻找血清学指标、调控肠道微生物平衡、抑制氧化三甲胺的产生,各团队之间应加强合作交流,推动该领域的发展。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42250102,42250101)the Macao Foundation.
文摘Water content, whether as free or lattice-bound water, is a crucial factor in determining the Earth's internal thermal state and plays a key role in volcanic eruptions, melting phenomena, and mantle convection rates. As electrical conductivity in the Earth's interior is highly sensitive to water content, it is an important geophysical parameter for understanding the deep Earth water content. Since its launch on May 21, 2023, the MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1) mission has operated for nearly one year, with its magnetometer achieving a precision of higher than 0.5 nT after orbital testing and calibration. Orbiting at 450 kilometers with a unique 41-degree inclination, the satellite enables high-density observations across multiple local times, allowing detailed monitoring of low-latitude regions and enhancing data for global conductivity imaging. To better understand the global distribution of water within the Earth's interior, it is crucial to study internal conductivity structure and water content distribution. To this aim, we introduce a method for using MSS-1 data to estamate induced magnetic fields related to magnetospheric currents. We then develop a trans-dimensional Bayesian approach to reveal Earth's internal conductivity, providing probable conductivity structure with an uncertainty analysis. Finally, by integrating known mineral composition, pressure, and temperature distribution within the mantle, we estimate the water content range in the mantle transition zone, concluding that this region may contain the equivalent of up to 3.0 oceans of water, providing compelling evidence that supports the hypothesis of a deep water cycle within the Earth's interior.
文摘Using the new soft X-ray data from the Macao Science Satellite-1,we studied a solar flare that occurred on 22 June 2023.We found that the centroids of the Ca(around 3.9 keV)and Fe(around 6.7 keV)line features exhibit a rapid shift toward higher energy channels during the flare's rising phase,followed by a gradual decrease during the decay phase.Through precise energy calibration,the centroids are determined with high accuracy.Temperature and velocity are then self-consistently derived by comparing the centroids with those calculated from the synthesized line features using the latest CHIANTI atomic database(ver.10.1).The calculated maximum velocity reaches up to 710±60 km s-1,which significantly exceeds the previously reported values.Our results suggest that the entire shift of soft X-ray lines may occur during the process of chromospheric evaporation.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62371181in part by the Changzhou Science and Technology International Cooperation Program under Grant CZ20230029+1 种基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(2021R1A2B5B02087169)supported under the framework of international cooperation program managed by the National Research Foundation of Korea(2022K2A9A1A01098051)。
文摘The Intelligent Internet of Things(IIoT)involves real-world things that communicate or interact with each other through networking technologies by collecting data from these“things”and using intelligent approaches,such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning,to make accurate decisions.Data science is the science of dealing with data and its relationships through intelligent approaches.Most state-of-the-art research focuses independently on either data science or IIoT,rather than exploring their integration.Therefore,to address the gap,this article provides a comprehensive survey on the advances and integration of data science with the Intelligent IoT(IIoT)system by classifying the existing IoT-based data science techniques and presenting a summary of various characteristics.The paper analyzes the data science or big data security and privacy features,including network architecture,data protection,and continuous monitoring of data,which face challenges in various IoT-based systems.Extensive insights into IoT data security,privacy,and challenges are visualized in the context of data science for IoT.In addition,this study reveals the current opportunities to enhance data science and IoT market development.The current gap and challenges faced in the integration of data science and IoT are comprehensively presented,followed by the future outlook and possible solutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42250101)the Macao Foundation. The computation made use of the high-performance computing resources at the center of the MSS data processing and analysis。
文摘Accurate modeling of Earth's ionospheric F-region currents is essential for refining geomagnetic field models and understanding magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling.In this study,we develop averaged models to characterize F-region currents using magnetic data from the MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite-1) and Swarm satellite missions.Our approach employs a toroidal field representation,utilizing spherical harmonics to capture spatial variations and Fourier series to represent temporal dynamics.Two models,Model-A and Model-B,derived from distinct datasets,are constructed to represent current patterns at altitudes of 450 km and 512 km,respectively.Our models successfully capture the primary spatial structures and seasonal variations of polar field-aligned currents.Additionally,they accurately reproduce the localized inter-hemispheric field-aligned currents observed in mid and low latitudes during solstices,particularly between 14:00 and 16:00 magnetic local times.These findings enhance our understanding of ionospheric F-region currents and contribute to more precise geomagnetic field modeling.
