BACKGROUND Norwegian scabies(NS)is a serious parasitic skin condition.Although NS is one of the causes of erythroderma,it is frequently overlooked.Therefore,it is essential to raise awareness regarding NS presenting a...BACKGROUND Norwegian scabies(NS)is a serious parasitic skin condition.Although NS is one of the causes of erythroderma,it is frequently overlooked.Therefore,it is essential to raise awareness regarding NS presenting as erythroderma.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of NS that persisted for more than 3 years.After following nonstandard treatment,the patient’s rash worsened and gradually progressed into erythroderma.Finally,NS was diagnosed by skin microscopy and pathology.CONCLUSION When patients with pruritic dermatosis have high-risk factors such as prolonged bed rest and immunodeficiency,clinicians need to enhance their awareness of NS and ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address ...Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address outbreaks of scabies according to the social factors in west of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, using the census sampling method, all consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of scabies based on clinical manifestations referred to healthcare center throughout the two great provinces of Hamadan and Kermanshah at western Iran between March 2006 and February 2010 were enrolled into the study. The baseline characteristics were collected from recorded files at the healthcare centers or by interviewing with the affected patients. Results: Among 3,625,966 subjects covered by the two studied provinces, 177 cases of scabies (170 cases in Kermanshah and 7 cases in Hamadan) were identified by medical staff at the healthcare centers according to clinical manifestations (85.3%) and laboratory microscopic assessments (14.7%). The highest and the lowest prevalence rates were specified to 2009 (58.2%) and 2008 (1.7%). Regarding gender distribution of disease, 53.1% of men and 46.9% of women suffered from scabies with no significant discrepancy. In respect to age distribution of disease, the highest rates of scabies were revealed in the ages ranged 17 to 30 years (31.6%), followed by younger than 17 years (30.5%). The prevalence of scabies was dependently associated with residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas. Conclusion: West region of Iran especially Kermanshah province faced with high prevalence and this high disease burden can be determined by some potential factors such as residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas.展开更多
Introduction: Scabies is a neglected tropical disease with little attention from the international community. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors of scabies within Lalo municipality in Benin in 2023...Introduction: Scabies is a neglected tropical disease with little attention from the international community. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors of scabies within Lalo municipality in Benin in 2023. Methods: This was a case-control study. The sampling size, calculated using OPEN EPI software, was 226 children. Cases were selected exhaustively, and matched to controls by age and village, on a 1:1 basis, using two-stage random sampling. Data were collected from mothers or babysitters by means of a questionnaire. McNemar’s Chi 2 test was used to compare cases and controls. Factors associated with scabies were identified using conditional logistic regression. Results: Overall, 122 cases and 122 controls with a mean age of 5.02 ± 3.01 years were involved in the study. Shared bunks (ORa [95% CI] = 6.32 [1.30;30.82]), household size (ORa [95% CI] = 2.76 [1.05;7.29]), scabies awareness (ORa [95% CI] = 3.27 [1.68;6.38]) and personal hygiene (ORa [95% CI] = 3.08 [1.02;9.25]) were associated with the occurrence of scabies in Lolo’s municipality, Benin, in 2023. Conclusion: The identified associated factors show that scabies are indeed linked to poverty, but also to behavioral factors that could be changed through communication.展开更多
Scabies represents a global health issue and in 2017 was added to the World Health Organization’s list of neglected tropical diseases.In European and Middle Eastern countries,cases are sporadic while recent surveilla...Scabies represents a global health issue and in 2017 was added to the World Health Organization’s list of neglected tropical diseases.In European and Middle Eastern countries,cases are sporadic while recent surveillance data have pointed out an increasing incidence among vulnerable populations.Regional cases for Lazio,Italy,reported from 2017 to 2023 to the national infectious disease surveillance system were analyzed.In Lazio,just after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic onset,a significant and immediate reduction in the incidence of scabies was recorded(-79.6%)followed by a progressive and relevant increase(143.4%from 2020 to 2021,142.3%from 2021 to 2022 and 170.3%from 2022 to 2023).Consistently,the number of scabies outbreaks,after a decrease following the first COVID-19 wave,has progressively increased over time,mainly due to the occurrence of outbreaks in long term facilities(750%from 2020 to 2023).The increased incidence may also be driven by the“pseudo-resistance”phenomenon(under dosed/early-discontinued treatment,suboptimal adherence,reduced drug bioavailability),but also by reduced in-vitro susceptibility to the mainly used scabicides.The rapidly evolving epidemiology of scabies in our country,as documented also in other regions,calls for a comprehensive approach to effectively address the problem.展开更多
Introduction: Scabies is an infectious skin disorder caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The diagnosis of scabies is often confirmed by microscopic detection of scabies mites, eggs, or feces.We herein describe the d...Introduction: Scabies is an infectious skin disorder caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The diagnosis of scabies is often confirmed by microscopic detection of scabies mites, eggs, or feces.We herein describe the diagnosis of scabies in a boy with the assistance of dermoscopy and fluorescence microscopy.Case presentation: A 16-year-old Chinese boy presented with a 2-month history of extensive papules and excoriations with intense pruritus on the trunk and limbs. Dermoscopy showed a sinuous burrow in the finger webs with a brown jet-shaped triangular structure at the end. A fluorescence microscopy revealed a hatching egg and a mite. The boy was diagnosed with scabies and treated with 5% sulfur ointment.Discussion: The use of dermoscopy in patients with scabies reveals a sinuous burrow with a brown jet-shaped triangular structure composed of the pigmented head and anterior legs of the mite[1]. A fluorescence microscopy revealed mites and eggs with blue fluorescence after staining, allowing us to easily identify scabies.Conlcusion: The combination of dermoscopy-guided tape testing with fluorescence staining technology may enhance the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of scabies.展开更多
Introduction Norwegian scabies is a rare and severe skin disorder caused by scabies mites.Severe public health problems resulted from Norwegian scabies outbreak,had been reported due to the highly contagious character...Introduction Norwegian scabies is a rare and severe skin disorder caused by scabies mites.Severe public health problems resulted from Norwegian scabies outbreak,had been reported due to the highly contagious characteristics[1-2].Also,severe complications such as secondary bacterial infections,severe water and electrolytic disorders,which could lead to fetal outcome,were reported recently in severe Norwegian scabies cases[3].Early diagnose may prevent scabies outbreak and longtime adverse events.However,crusted scabies may be misdiagnosed due to its various and atypical skin lesions.Here,we shared our experience on diagnosis of a patient with Norwegian scabies,who was misdiagnosed as psoriasis and eczema and treated with long term of oral prednisone and methotrexate.展开更多
Objectives To study the characteristics of a scabies infection outbreak and its associated factors in a hospital intensive care unit(ICU).And to explore the prompt and precise diagnosis and intervention strategies.Met...Objectives To study the characteristics of a scabies infection outbreak and its associated factors in a hospital intensive care unit(ICU).And to explore the prompt and precise diagnosis and intervention strategies.Methods Based on the epidemiological and clinical symptoms,microscopy examine was performed to study the morphology of rashes and metagenomics next-generation sequencing was used to identify pathogens.In the meantime,medical intervention measures and comprehensive environmental disinfection were carried out to control the outbreak.Results Between March 8 and May 10,2022,one patient and 30 ICU personnels(two doctors,24 nursing staffs,and six family members)suffered a rash on their limbs and trunks involving scattered red papules,herpes-like lesions,scabs,and desquamation,with intensive itching.The source of the scabies infection was traced back to an elderly hospitalized patient who had been paralyzed and bed-ridden for many years.The pathogen was identified as Sarcoptes scabiei,which is mainly transmitted through direct contact and indirect contact via environmental objects.After comprehensive prevention and control measures were taken,including the isolation of infected subjects,the effective disinfection of the clothing of the infected persons and environmental items in the duty room and ward,and active treatment,no new cases were found.Conclusions Scabies infection should be considered when there is a nosocomial outbreak of an unknown rash in the hospital.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for pathogen identification.Training and education of medical personnel are dispensable and hospital infection intervention strategies are to be setup to effectively block and control nosocomial parasite infections.展开更多
Objective:To examine the prevalence of cutaneous disorders in children under 5 years old who attended a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.Methods:A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 26 to ...Objective:To examine the prevalence of cutaneous disorders in children under 5 years old who attended a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.Methods:A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 26 to February 20,2015 in children under 5 years old who attended Gambo Rural Hospital in West Arsi of the Oromia Region,Ethiopia.Results:A total of 324 children were included(59.6%male)whose median age was 16.4months.In total,147 children[45.4%;95%confidence interval(CI):40.0%–50.8%]under 5 years had a skin problem,of which 101(68.7%)consulted for that reason.The other 46(31.3%)consulted for a general health problem and the dermatological condition was a secondary finding during the physical exploration.In 93 children(28.7%;95%CI:20%–33.8%),it was the main disease,and in 54 children(16.5%;95%CI:13.0%–21.1%)it was concomitant with other diseases.The most common dermatological disease was scabies(n=44,13.6%;95%CI:10.3%–17.7%).Impetigo was diagnosed in 32 children(9.9%;95%CI:7.1%–13.3%),of which 23(71.9%)had complicated impetigo.Nineteen children(5.9%;95%CI:3.8%–9.0%)had eczema,10(3.1%)had eczema associated to other conditions.The following most frequent skin problems were tinea(n=9;2.8%),infected wound and ulcer(n=7;2.2%),and burns(n=6;1.9%).Conclusions:Skin problems,mainly scabies,impetigo,and eczema were common in young children attended at a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.Children under 5 years should be examined thoroughly to rule out skin diseases,especially scabies.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Norwegian scabies(NS)is a serious parasitic skin condition.Although NS is one of the causes of erythroderma,it is frequently overlooked.Therefore,it is essential to raise awareness regarding NS presenting as erythroderma.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of NS that persisted for more than 3 years.After following nonstandard treatment,the patient’s rash worsened and gradually progressed into erythroderma.Finally,NS was diagnosed by skin microscopy and pathology.CONCLUSION When patients with pruritic dermatosis have high-risk factors such as prolonged bed rest and immunodeficiency,clinicians need to enhance their awareness of NS and ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment.
文摘Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address outbreaks of scabies according to the social factors in west of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, using the census sampling method, all consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of scabies based on clinical manifestations referred to healthcare center throughout the two great provinces of Hamadan and Kermanshah at western Iran between March 2006 and February 2010 were enrolled into the study. The baseline characteristics were collected from recorded files at the healthcare centers or by interviewing with the affected patients. Results: Among 3,625,966 subjects covered by the two studied provinces, 177 cases of scabies (170 cases in Kermanshah and 7 cases in Hamadan) were identified by medical staff at the healthcare centers according to clinical manifestations (85.3%) and laboratory microscopic assessments (14.7%). The highest and the lowest prevalence rates were specified to 2009 (58.2%) and 2008 (1.7%). Regarding gender distribution of disease, 53.1% of men and 46.9% of women suffered from scabies with no significant discrepancy. In respect to age distribution of disease, the highest rates of scabies were revealed in the ages ranged 17 to 30 years (31.6%), followed by younger than 17 years (30.5%). The prevalence of scabies was dependently associated with residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas. Conclusion: West region of Iran especially Kermanshah province faced with high prevalence and this high disease burden can be determined by some potential factors such as residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas.
文摘Introduction: Scabies is a neglected tropical disease with little attention from the international community. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors of scabies within Lalo municipality in Benin in 2023. Methods: This was a case-control study. The sampling size, calculated using OPEN EPI software, was 226 children. Cases were selected exhaustively, and matched to controls by age and village, on a 1:1 basis, using two-stage random sampling. Data were collected from mothers or babysitters by means of a questionnaire. McNemar’s Chi 2 test was used to compare cases and controls. Factors associated with scabies were identified using conditional logistic regression. Results: Overall, 122 cases and 122 controls with a mean age of 5.02 ± 3.01 years were involved in the study. Shared bunks (ORa [95% CI] = 6.32 [1.30;30.82]), household size (ORa [95% CI] = 2.76 [1.05;7.29]), scabies awareness (ORa [95% CI] = 3.27 [1.68;6.38]) and personal hygiene (ORa [95% CI] = 3.08 [1.02;9.25]) were associated with the occurrence of scabies in Lolo’s municipality, Benin, in 2023. Conclusion: The identified associated factors show that scabies are indeed linked to poverty, but also to behavioral factors that could be changed through communication.
基金supported by Ricerca Corrente Linea 1 Progetto 3-INMI L.Spallanzani I.R.C.C.S.Rome,Italy.
文摘Scabies represents a global health issue and in 2017 was added to the World Health Organization’s list of neglected tropical diseases.In European and Middle Eastern countries,cases are sporadic while recent surveillance data have pointed out an increasing incidence among vulnerable populations.Regional cases for Lazio,Italy,reported from 2017 to 2023 to the national infectious disease surveillance system were analyzed.In Lazio,just after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic onset,a significant and immediate reduction in the incidence of scabies was recorded(-79.6%)followed by a progressive and relevant increase(143.4%from 2020 to 2021,142.3%from 2021 to 2022 and 170.3%from 2022 to 2023).Consistently,the number of scabies outbreaks,after a decrease following the first COVID-19 wave,has progressively increased over time,mainly due to the occurrence of outbreaks in long term facilities(750%from 2020 to 2023).The increased incidence may also be driven by the“pseudo-resistance”phenomenon(under dosed/early-discontinued treatment,suboptimal adherence,reduced drug bioavailability),but also by reduced in-vitro susceptibility to the mainly used scabicides.The rapidly evolving epidemiology of scabies in our country,as documented also in other regions,calls for a comprehensive approach to effectively address the problem.
文摘Introduction: Scabies is an infectious skin disorder caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The diagnosis of scabies is often confirmed by microscopic detection of scabies mites, eggs, or feces.We herein describe the diagnosis of scabies in a boy with the assistance of dermoscopy and fluorescence microscopy.Case presentation: A 16-year-old Chinese boy presented with a 2-month history of extensive papules and excoriations with intense pruritus on the trunk and limbs. Dermoscopy showed a sinuous burrow in the finger webs with a brown jet-shaped triangular structure at the end. A fluorescence microscopy revealed a hatching egg and a mite. The boy was diagnosed with scabies and treated with 5% sulfur ointment.Discussion: The use of dermoscopy in patients with scabies reveals a sinuous burrow with a brown jet-shaped triangular structure composed of the pigmented head and anterior legs of the mite[1]. A fluorescence microscopy revealed mites and eggs with blue fluorescence after staining, allowing us to easily identify scabies.Conlcusion: The combination of dermoscopy-guided tape testing with fluorescence staining technology may enhance the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of scabies.
文摘Introduction Norwegian scabies is a rare and severe skin disorder caused by scabies mites.Severe public health problems resulted from Norwegian scabies outbreak,had been reported due to the highly contagious characteristics[1-2].Also,severe complications such as secondary bacterial infections,severe water and electrolytic disorders,which could lead to fetal outcome,were reported recently in severe Norwegian scabies cases[3].Early diagnose may prevent scabies outbreak and longtime adverse events.However,crusted scabies may be misdiagnosed due to its various and atypical skin lesions.Here,we shared our experience on diagnosis of a patient with Norwegian scabies,who was misdiagnosed as psoriasis and eczema and treated with long term of oral prednisone and methotrexate.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20212ACB206010,20202BAB206008).
文摘Objectives To study the characteristics of a scabies infection outbreak and its associated factors in a hospital intensive care unit(ICU).And to explore the prompt and precise diagnosis and intervention strategies.Methods Based on the epidemiological and clinical symptoms,microscopy examine was performed to study the morphology of rashes and metagenomics next-generation sequencing was used to identify pathogens.In the meantime,medical intervention measures and comprehensive environmental disinfection were carried out to control the outbreak.Results Between March 8 and May 10,2022,one patient and 30 ICU personnels(two doctors,24 nursing staffs,and six family members)suffered a rash on their limbs and trunks involving scattered red papules,herpes-like lesions,scabs,and desquamation,with intensive itching.The source of the scabies infection was traced back to an elderly hospitalized patient who had been paralyzed and bed-ridden for many years.The pathogen was identified as Sarcoptes scabiei,which is mainly transmitted through direct contact and indirect contact via environmental objects.After comprehensive prevention and control measures were taken,including the isolation of infected subjects,the effective disinfection of the clothing of the infected persons and environmental items in the duty room and ward,and active treatment,no new cases were found.Conclusions Scabies infection should be considered when there is a nosocomial outbreak of an unknown rash in the hospital.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for pathogen identification.Training and education of medical personnel are dispensable and hospital infection intervention strategies are to be setup to effectively block and control nosocomial parasite infections.
基金Valencian Territorial Section of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology(Sección Territorial Valenciana de la Academia Espa?ola de Dermatología y Venerología)(Solidary Grant No.1/2014)
文摘Objective:To examine the prevalence of cutaneous disorders in children under 5 years old who attended a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.Methods:A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 26 to February 20,2015 in children under 5 years old who attended Gambo Rural Hospital in West Arsi of the Oromia Region,Ethiopia.Results:A total of 324 children were included(59.6%male)whose median age was 16.4months.In total,147 children[45.4%;95%confidence interval(CI):40.0%–50.8%]under 5 years had a skin problem,of which 101(68.7%)consulted for that reason.The other 46(31.3%)consulted for a general health problem and the dermatological condition was a secondary finding during the physical exploration.In 93 children(28.7%;95%CI:20%–33.8%),it was the main disease,and in 54 children(16.5%;95%CI:13.0%–21.1%)it was concomitant with other diseases.The most common dermatological disease was scabies(n=44,13.6%;95%CI:10.3%–17.7%).Impetigo was diagnosed in 32 children(9.9%;95%CI:7.1%–13.3%),of which 23(71.9%)had complicated impetigo.Nineteen children(5.9%;95%CI:3.8%–9.0%)had eczema,10(3.1%)had eczema associated to other conditions.The following most frequent skin problems were tinea(n=9;2.8%),infected wound and ulcer(n=7;2.2%),and burns(n=6;1.9%).Conclusions:Skin problems,mainly scabies,impetigo,and eczema were common in young children attended at a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.Children under 5 years should be examined thoroughly to rule out skin diseases,especially scabies.
