Objective:To analyze the preventive effect of traditional Chinese medicine sachets on influenza.Methods:A total of 100 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited in a certain area based on population chara...Objective:To analyze the preventive effect of traditional Chinese medicine sachets on influenza.Methods:A total of 100 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited in a certain area based on population characteristics(age,occupation,gender).The subjects were divided into a sachet group(50 cases)and a control group(50 cases).The sachet group was given traditional Chinese medicine sachets with epidemic prevention and infection prevention effects(recommended to carry along or sniff intermittently,at least 3 times a day,each time not less than 1 minute.Replace the sachet medicine after one month when the scent disappears,and continue to use for 2 months).The control group did not receive any intervention measures.After the experiment,subjects filled out a questionnaire and an efficacy evaluation form.Results:Comparing the baseline data of the two groups,there was no statistical significance(P>0.05).Comparing the symptoms of colds between the two groups,there was no significant difference in nasal congestion,rhinorrhea,and fatigue symptoms between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the possibility of fever in the sachet group was much lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Comparing the immunoglobulins(IgA,IgM,and IgG)of the two groups before and after intervention,it was found that before the intervention,P>0.50;after the intervention,the immunoglobulin levels of both groups increased,and the increase in the sachet group was much higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Comparing the occurrence of side effects in the two groups,it was found that the incidence of allergies in the sachet group was 4.00%.Due to allergies,two subjects withdrew from the study halfway(P>0.05).Conclusion:In influenza,wearing traditional Chinese medicine sachets can effectively prevent colds and reduce the incidence of colds,but those who are allergic to sachets should use them with caution.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of pediatric Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets for infectious diarrhea in children.Methods:A total of 55 children with rotavirus infectio...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of pediatric Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets for infectious diarrhea in children.Methods:A total of 55 children with rotavirus infectious diarrhea who received pediatric Tuina and Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets were included in the combination group.A total of 43 children with rotavirus infectious diarrhea who received Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets during the same period were included as the control group.In addition,both groups were treated with routine oral rehydration saltsⅢand montmorillonite powder.The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups after 1 week of treatment.Changes in clinical manifestations,immune function indicators,and inflammatory factor levels before and after treatment were collected and compared between the two groups.At the same time,the adverse reactions and satisfaction of the parents were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the combination group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the defecation frequency,stool trait score,and levels of C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-6 decreased in both groups(P<0.05).And these indicators in the combination group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The remission time of fever,abdominal pain,diarrhea,and vomiting in the combination group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD4^(+)and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)in both groups increased(P<0.05),and the levels in the combination group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction level of parents in the combination group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant adverse reactions in either group.Conclusion:Based on routine treatment,the additional pediatric Tuina plus Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets treatment has valid efficacy in the treatment of infectious diarrhea in children,helpful to improve clinical symptoms,immune function,and inflammatory reactions,with good safety.The children’s parents are satisfied with the treatment results.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the bacteriological safety of sachet water sold in Amassoma,a rural community in Bayelsa State,Nigeria.Methods:Six samples of each of the different sachet drinking water brands were bought at ran...Objective:To evaluate the bacteriological safety of sachet water sold in Amassoma,a rural community in Bayelsa State,Nigeria.Methods:Six samples of each of the different sachet drinking water brands were bought at random from shop shelves,markets and street vendors and were studies for microbial indicators of safety and quality.Bacterial counts Were analyzed by one-way Analysis of Variance（ANOVA） and significance of differences was tested at 5% probability.Results:Minimum and maximum.counts with regard to the sachet water samples investigated were（4.3±1.1）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（8.2±1.0）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for heterotrophic plate counts;（0.9±0.3）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（1.2±0.4）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for aerobic spore-former counts; （1.3±0.5）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（2.5±0.8）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for total coliforms;（1.6±0.9）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（9.5±11.2）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for thermotolerant coliforms.Klebsiella spp but not Escherichia coli was present in all samples of the brands;non-coliform bacteria detected in some samples were Staphylococcus,Pseudomonas and Bacillus species.Conclusions:The brands of sachet water sold（at the time of this study） in Amassoma did not meet the minimum acceptable standard for microbiologically safe drinking water as recommended by the World Health Organization.展开更多
Accessibility and availability of fresh clean water is a key to sustainable development and essential element in health, food production and poverty reduction. In the present study, we have collected water sachet cont...Accessibility and availability of fresh clean water is a key to sustainable development and essential element in health, food production and poverty reduction. In the present study, we have collected water sachet containing CM/L number and they were analysed for physical and bacteriological nature. The organisms isolated in this study were Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas vesicularis and Pseudomonas aeruginosae. The harmful effects of these isolates were evidenced by antibiotic resistance, heavy metal tolerance and antibacterial activity. They were resistant to the antibiotics like amoxiclav, methicillin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin. They showed tolerance to the heavy metals at 5 mM conc. except for lead. For antibacterial activity, they were tested against human pathogens Klebsiella pnemoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Micrococcus leuteus and Salmonella paratyphium. But at the same time these organisms could be exploited for the industrial production of amylase, protease and cellulase.展开更多
A severe outbreak of cholera in Ibadan (Oyo state, Nigeria) occurred after a devastating flood in August, 2011, causing the death of over 18 persons and several cases of hospitalization. The project aimed at screening...A severe outbreak of cholera in Ibadan (Oyo state, Nigeria) occurred after a devastating flood in August, 2011, causing the death of over 18 persons and several cases of hospitalization. The project aimed at screening sachet water for mi-croorganisms related to water-borne diseases. One hundred sachet water samples were randomly collected. The pH was determined using a digital pH meter. Values ranged between 6.3 - 8.7, with 28% of the samples being above the WHO approved range of 6.4 - 7.6. No residual chlorine was detected. Gram negative isolates were 80%, while 20% were Gram positive. Faecal coliforms above the recommended WHO zero coliforms per 100 mL were 30%. Escherichia coli had the highest incidence (17%), followed by Acinetobacter sp. (12%), Enterobacter aerogenes (11%), Flavobacterium sp. (11%), Proteus mirabilis (11%), Staphyloccocus aureus (10%), Bacillus subtilis (8%), Micrococcus sp. (5%), Streptococcus faecalis (2%), Klebsiella sp. (2%) and Vibrio cholerae (1%). There is urgent need for public awareness campaigns against water-borne diseases.展开更多
This study covers some physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters needed to be tested for drinking water quality. The purpose of the research is to assess and compare the quality of five different brands of sa...This study covers some physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters needed to be tested for drinking water quality. The purpose of the research is to assess and compare the quality of five different brands of sachet water marketed in Bo city and to give relevant recommendation(s) were possible. The results obtained were compared to the standard set for each parameter by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the maximum contaminant level set by the United State Environment Protection Agency (USEPA). Five brands of sachets water were selected in Bo city and their physical and chemical parameters were evaluated in the Njala University Quality Control Laboratory (NUQCL), and their bacteriological evaluation was done in the Sierra Rutile laboratory. The physical parameters tested for were in accordance with the standards set by the WHO with the exception of the temperatures for each brand which were above the WHO standard. The pH of all the sachets water was in the acidic range, below the standard range and the maximum contaminant level set by the WHO and USEPA respectively. This affected the alkalinity of all the sachets water to be zero (0). None of the sachets water completely met the WHO standard and the USEPA maximum contaminant level for all the parameters tested for in this research. In this regard, none of the sachets water is completely recommended for drinking.展开更多
Objective:To explore the prevention mechanism of an anti-epidemic sachet on the new coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking method.Methods:The chemical constituents and a...Objective:To explore the prevention mechanism of an anti-epidemic sachet on the new coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking method.Methods:The chemical constituents and action targets of wormwood leaves,white peony,borneol,Rhizoma atracylodis,and Herba pogostemonis in the epidemic-preventive sachet were retrieved in TCMSP database.Query the genes of targets through the Uniprot database,and then use Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to build a medicinal drugs-active ingredients-targets(genes)network for visualization.Then we used DAVID to perform gene ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and genome encyclopedia(KEGG)pathway analysis to predict the mechanisms of action.Draw histograms and bubble charts for visualization with Excel software and Omicshare database.The crystal structure of ACE2 was searched in the RCSB PDB database,and the compounds and proteins were molecularly docked with the help of PyMOL,AutoDockTool,and Vina software.Results:Sixty-seven effective chemical components in the anti-epidemic sachet were screened and a drugs-chemical components-targets network was constructed to obtain 948 targets,and 18 core targets and 28 core target pathways were predicted.6 compounds in Folium artemisiae argyi,13 compounds in Radix angelicae dahuricae,3 compounds in Rhizoma atracylodis,4 compounds in Fructus tsaoko,8 compounds in Herba pogostemonis,and 3 compounds in Rhizoma acori talarinowii have less binding energy with 1R42 than the ligand.Conclusion:It is predicted that the anti-epidemic sachet has prevention effects on new coronavirus pneumonia.展开更多
基金National College Student Innovation Training Program(Project No.:202010222048)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the preventive effect of traditional Chinese medicine sachets on influenza.Methods:A total of 100 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited in a certain area based on population characteristics(age,occupation,gender).The subjects were divided into a sachet group(50 cases)and a control group(50 cases).The sachet group was given traditional Chinese medicine sachets with epidemic prevention and infection prevention effects(recommended to carry along or sniff intermittently,at least 3 times a day,each time not less than 1 minute.Replace the sachet medicine after one month when the scent disappears,and continue to use for 2 months).The control group did not receive any intervention measures.After the experiment,subjects filled out a questionnaire and an efficacy evaluation form.Results:Comparing the baseline data of the two groups,there was no statistical significance(P>0.05).Comparing the symptoms of colds between the two groups,there was no significant difference in nasal congestion,rhinorrhea,and fatigue symptoms between the two groups(P>0.05).However,the possibility of fever in the sachet group was much lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Comparing the immunoglobulins(IgA,IgM,and IgG)of the two groups before and after intervention,it was found that before the intervention,P>0.50;after the intervention,the immunoglobulin levels of both groups increased,and the increase in the sachet group was much higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Comparing the occurrence of side effects in the two groups,it was found that the incidence of allergies in the sachet group was 4.00%.Due to allergies,two subjects withdrew from the study halfway(P>0.05).Conclusion:In influenza,wearing traditional Chinese medicine sachets can effectively prevent colds and reduce the incidence of colds,but those who are allergic to sachets should use them with caution.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of pediatric Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets for infectious diarrhea in children.Methods:A total of 55 children with rotavirus infectious diarrhea who received pediatric Tuina and Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets were included in the combination group.A total of 43 children with rotavirus infectious diarrhea who received Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets during the same period were included as the control group.In addition,both groups were treated with routine oral rehydration saltsⅢand montmorillonite powder.The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups after 1 week of treatment.Changes in clinical manifestations,immune function indicators,and inflammatory factor levels before and after treatment were collected and compared between the two groups.At the same time,the adverse reactions and satisfaction of the parents were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the combination group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the defecation frequency,stool trait score,and levels of C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-6 decreased in both groups(P<0.05).And these indicators in the combination group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The remission time of fever,abdominal pain,diarrhea,and vomiting in the combination group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD4^(+)and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)in both groups increased(P<0.05),and the levels in the combination group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction level of parents in the combination group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant adverse reactions in either group.Conclusion:Based on routine treatment,the additional pediatric Tuina plus Saccharomyces Boulardii sachets treatment has valid efficacy in the treatment of infectious diarrhea in children,helpful to improve clinical symptoms,immune function,and inflammatory reactions,with good safety.The children’s parents are satisfied with the treatment results.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the bacteriological safety of sachet water sold in Amassoma,a rural community in Bayelsa State,Nigeria.Methods:Six samples of each of the different sachet drinking water brands were bought at random from shop shelves,markets and street vendors and were studies for microbial indicators of safety and quality.Bacterial counts Were analyzed by one-way Analysis of Variance（ANOVA） and significance of differences was tested at 5% probability.Results:Minimum and maximum.counts with regard to the sachet water samples investigated were（4.3±1.1）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（8.2±1.0）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for heterotrophic plate counts;（0.9±0.3）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（1.2±0.4）×10<sup>6</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for aerobic spore-former counts; （1.3±0.5）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（2.5±0.8）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for total coliforms;（1.6±0.9）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> and（9.5±11.2）×10<sup>3</sup> CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> for thermotolerant coliforms.Klebsiella spp but not Escherichia coli was present in all samples of the brands;non-coliform bacteria detected in some samples were Staphylococcus,Pseudomonas and Bacillus species.Conclusions:The brands of sachet water sold（at the time of this study） in Amassoma did not meet the minimum acceptable standard for microbiologically safe drinking water as recommended by the World Health Organization.
文摘Accessibility and availability of fresh clean water is a key to sustainable development and essential element in health, food production and poverty reduction. In the present study, we have collected water sachet containing CM/L number and they were analysed for physical and bacteriological nature. The organisms isolated in this study were Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas vesicularis and Pseudomonas aeruginosae. The harmful effects of these isolates were evidenced by antibiotic resistance, heavy metal tolerance and antibacterial activity. They were resistant to the antibiotics like amoxiclav, methicillin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin. They showed tolerance to the heavy metals at 5 mM conc. except for lead. For antibacterial activity, they were tested against human pathogens Klebsiella pnemoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Micrococcus leuteus and Salmonella paratyphium. But at the same time these organisms could be exploited for the industrial production of amylase, protease and cellulase.
文摘A severe outbreak of cholera in Ibadan (Oyo state, Nigeria) occurred after a devastating flood in August, 2011, causing the death of over 18 persons and several cases of hospitalization. The project aimed at screening sachet water for mi-croorganisms related to water-borne diseases. One hundred sachet water samples were randomly collected. The pH was determined using a digital pH meter. Values ranged between 6.3 - 8.7, with 28% of the samples being above the WHO approved range of 6.4 - 7.6. No residual chlorine was detected. Gram negative isolates were 80%, while 20% were Gram positive. Faecal coliforms above the recommended WHO zero coliforms per 100 mL were 30%. Escherichia coli had the highest incidence (17%), followed by Acinetobacter sp. (12%), Enterobacter aerogenes (11%), Flavobacterium sp. (11%), Proteus mirabilis (11%), Staphyloccocus aureus (10%), Bacillus subtilis (8%), Micrococcus sp. (5%), Streptococcus faecalis (2%), Klebsiella sp. (2%) and Vibrio cholerae (1%). There is urgent need for public awareness campaigns against water-borne diseases.
文摘This study covers some physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters needed to be tested for drinking water quality. The purpose of the research is to assess and compare the quality of five different brands of sachet water marketed in Bo city and to give relevant recommendation(s) were possible. The results obtained were compared to the standard set for each parameter by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the maximum contaminant level set by the United State Environment Protection Agency (USEPA). Five brands of sachets water were selected in Bo city and their physical and chemical parameters were evaluated in the Njala University Quality Control Laboratory (NUQCL), and their bacteriological evaluation was done in the Sierra Rutile laboratory. The physical parameters tested for were in accordance with the standards set by the WHO with the exception of the temperatures for each brand which were above the WHO standard. The pH of all the sachets water was in the acidic range, below the standard range and the maximum contaminant level set by the WHO and USEPA respectively. This affected the alkalinity of all the sachets water to be zero (0). None of the sachets water completely met the WHO standard and the USEPA maximum contaminant level for all the parameters tested for in this research. In this regard, none of the sachets water is completely recommended for drinking.
文摘Objective:To explore the prevention mechanism of an anti-epidemic sachet on the new coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking method.Methods:The chemical constituents and action targets of wormwood leaves,white peony,borneol,Rhizoma atracylodis,and Herba pogostemonis in the epidemic-preventive sachet were retrieved in TCMSP database.Query the genes of targets through the Uniprot database,and then use Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to build a medicinal drugs-active ingredients-targets(genes)network for visualization.Then we used DAVID to perform gene ontology(GO)function enrichment analysis and genome encyclopedia(KEGG)pathway analysis to predict the mechanisms of action.Draw histograms and bubble charts for visualization with Excel software and Omicshare database.The crystal structure of ACE2 was searched in the RCSB PDB database,and the compounds and proteins were molecularly docked with the help of PyMOL,AutoDockTool,and Vina software.Results:Sixty-seven effective chemical components in the anti-epidemic sachet were screened and a drugs-chemical components-targets network was constructed to obtain 948 targets,and 18 core targets and 28 core target pathways were predicted.6 compounds in Folium artemisiae argyi,13 compounds in Radix angelicae dahuricae,3 compounds in Rhizoma atracylodis,4 compounds in Fructus tsaoko,8 compounds in Herba pogostemonis,and 3 compounds in Rhizoma acori talarinowii have less binding energy with 1R42 than the ligand.Conclusion:It is predicted that the anti-epidemic sachet has prevention effects on new coronavirus pneumonia.
