In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 m...In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 mg·L^(-1),the cobalt coating transformed from disordered large grains to a honeycomb structure,with a preferred orientation of(002)facet on hexago-nal close-packed(HCP)cobalt crystals.The resistivity of the cobalt film decreased to 14.4μΩ·cm,and further decreased to 10.7μΩ·cm after the annealing treatment.When the concentration of saccharin was increased,the grain size was gradually refined and a“stone forest”structure was observed,with the preferred orientation remaining unchanged.The addition of saccharin also slightly improves the purity of cobalt coating to a certain extent.Through the study of the crystallization behavior of cobalt electroless plating,saccharin molecules can adsorb to specific c-sites on the cobalt dense crystal plane,inhibiting the growth of abc stacking arrangement and inducing the crystal growth in ab stacking mode,thereby achieving optimal growth of HCP(002)texture.展开更多
Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, ...Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, and quality. An ion chroma-tography (IC) method has been described to analyze simultaneously eight anions including fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate (anticariogenic agents), sorbate (a preservative), and saccharin (an artificial sweetener) in gargles. In this IC system, we applied a mobile phased gradient elution with KOH, separation by IonPac AS18 columns, and suppressed conductivity detection. Optimized analytical conditions were further evaluated for accuracy. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the inter-day's retention time and peak area of all species were less than 0.938% and 8.731%, respectively, while RSDs of 5-day retention time and peak area were less than 1.265% and 8.934%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for targeted analytes ranged from 0.999 7 to 1.000 0. The spiked recoveries for the anions were 90%~102.5%. We concluded that the method can be applied for comprehensive evaluation of commercial gargles.展开更多
Quantitative analysis of saccharin in preserved fruits was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC）. The separation was observed on a reversed phase ODS C）8 column （4.6 × 250 mm）. Mobile ph...Quantitative analysis of saccharin in preserved fruits was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC）. The separation was observed on a reversed phase ODS C）8 column （4.6 × 250 mm）. Mobile phase system consisted of ammonium acetate buffer： Methanol （60：40 v/v） at a flow rate of 1.0 mL.min^-1, and UV detector was set at 235 nm. The calibration curve of saccharin was linear in the concentration range between 1 to 100 mg·L^-1）, while the detection limit of saccharin was found to be 0.08 mg.L^-1. The mean value of recovery was 98.24% with standard deviation of0.32% （n=12）. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the amount of saccharin in 12 preserved fruits, commercially available in Chiang Mai local markets. The results showed that the saccharin contents were found in the range of 6.22-78.60 mg.kg^-1.展开更多
A novel copper-catalyzed direct C–N formation reaction of simple arenes with cheap and pharmacological saccharin derivatives under relatively mild conditions was developed with arenes as limiting reagents.This work p...A novel copper-catalyzed direct C–N formation reaction of simple arenes with cheap and pharmacological saccharin derivatives under relatively mild conditions was developed with arenes as limiting reagents.This work provided a new method for oxidative coupling of aromatic C(sp2)–H bonds and N–H bonds.展开更多
The reactions of N-substituted saccharins and phthalimides with amines were promoted by water.Various o-sulfamoyl benzamides and N,N′-disubstituted phthalamides were prepared in moderate to good yields.These reaction...The reactions of N-substituted saccharins and phthalimides with amines were promoted by water.Various o-sulfamoyl benzamides and N,N′-disubstituted phthalamides were prepared in moderate to good yields.These reactions have prominent advantages,such as short reaction time,less by-products and simple isolation of the products.Water can probably stabilize the reaction intermediates and facilitate precipitation of the ring-opening products.When steric hindrance arose,hydrolytic compounds,either free acid or salts of the acids,were obtained.Possible reason for the formation of amine salts of o-sulfamoyl benzoic acids was proposed.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary saccharin sodium supplementation on production performance,serum biochemical indicators,and rumen fermentation of dairy goats in summer.Twelve Guanzh...The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary saccharin sodium supplementation on production performance,serum biochemical indicators,and rumen fermentation of dairy goats in summer.Twelve Guanzhong dairy goats with similar body weight,days in milk,and milk yield were randomly divided into two dietary treatments:(1)CON:basal diet;(2)SS:basal diet+150 mg/kg saccharin sodium on the basis of dry matter.The experiment lasted 35 d,including 7 d for adaptation and 28 d for dietary treatments,sampling and data collection.Each dairy goat was housed individually in a clean separate pen with ad libitum access to diet and water.The goats fed SS diet had increased dry matter intake(DMI;P=0.037),4%fat corrected milk yield(P=0.049),energy corrected milk yield(P=0.037),milk protein yield(P=0.031),and total solids yield(P=0.036).Serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase(P=0.047)and concentrations of 70-kDa heat shock protein(P=0.090),malondialdehyde(P=0.092),and total protein(P=0.057)were lower in goats fed SS diet than those fed CON diet.Supplementation of saccharin sodium tended to increase activity of glutathione peroxidase in serum(P=0.079).The concentrations of rumen total volatile fatty acid(P=0.042)and butyrate(P=0.038)were increased by saccharin sodium supplementation.Dietary supplementation of saccharin sodium increased the relative abundance of Lachnobacterium(P=0.022),Pseudoramibacter(P=0.022),Shuttleworthia(P=0.025),and Syntrophococcus(P=0.037),but reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella_1(P=0.037)and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_008(P=0.037)in rumen.Saccharin sodium was observed in feces and urine of goats fed diet supplemented with saccharin sodium,but saccharin sodium was undetectable in the milk of goats receiving SS diet.In conclusion,administration of saccharin sodium was effective in increasing fat and energy corrected milk yield by increasing DMI and improving rumen fermentation and antioxidant capacity of dairy goats in summer.In addition,saccharin sodium residue was undetectable in the milk.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22402115,22472094)Shaanxi Special Fund for Talent Introduction(100090/1204071055).
文摘In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 mg·L^(-1),the cobalt coating transformed from disordered large grains to a honeycomb structure,with a preferred orientation of(002)facet on hexago-nal close-packed(HCP)cobalt crystals.The resistivity of the cobalt film decreased to 14.4μΩ·cm,and further decreased to 10.7μΩ·cm after the annealing treatment.When the concentration of saccharin was increased,the grain size was gradually refined and a“stone forest”structure was observed,with the preferred orientation remaining unchanged.The addition of saccharin also slightly improves the purity of cobalt coating to a certain extent.Through the study of the crystallization behavior of cobalt electroless plating,saccharin molecules can adsorb to specific c-sites on the cobalt dense crystal plane,inhibiting the growth of abc stacking arrangement and inducing the crystal growth in ab stacking mode,thereby achieving optimal growth of HCP(002)texture.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20375035 and 20527005)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (Nos. Z404105 and Y405415)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2007C33016)
文摘Simple, reliable and sensitive analytical methods to determine anticariogenic agents, preservatives, and artificial sweeteners contained in commercial gargles are necessary for evaluating their effectiveness, safety, and quality. An ion chroma-tography (IC) method has been described to analyze simultaneously eight anions including fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, glycerophosphate (anticariogenic agents), sorbate (a preservative), and saccharin (an artificial sweetener) in gargles. In this IC system, we applied a mobile phased gradient elution with KOH, separation by IonPac AS18 columns, and suppressed conductivity detection. Optimized analytical conditions were further evaluated for accuracy. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the inter-day's retention time and peak area of all species were less than 0.938% and 8.731%, respectively, while RSDs of 5-day retention time and peak area were less than 1.265% and 8.934%, respectively. The correlation coefficients for targeted analytes ranged from 0.999 7 to 1.000 0. The spiked recoveries for the anions were 90%~102.5%. We concluded that the method can be applied for comprehensive evaluation of commercial gargles.
文摘Quantitative analysis of saccharin in preserved fruits was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC）. The separation was observed on a reversed phase ODS C）8 column （4.6 × 250 mm）. Mobile phase system consisted of ammonium acetate buffer： Methanol （60：40 v/v） at a flow rate of 1.0 mL.min^-1, and UV detector was set at 235 nm. The calibration curve of saccharin was linear in the concentration range between 1 to 100 mg·L^-1）, while the detection limit of saccharin was found to be 0.08 mg.L^-1. The mean value of recovery was 98.24% with standard deviation of0.32% （n=12）. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the amount of saccharin in 12 preserved fruits, commercially available in Chiang Mai local markets. The results showed that the saccharin contents were found in the range of 6.22-78.60 mg.kg^-1.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21172033,21372041,21302017)
文摘A novel copper-catalyzed direct C–N formation reaction of simple arenes with cheap and pharmacological saccharin derivatives under relatively mild conditions was developed with arenes as limiting reagents.This work provided a new method for oxidative coupling of aromatic C(sp2)–H bonds and N–H bonds.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20802049)for financial support.
文摘The reactions of N-substituted saccharins and phthalimides with amines were promoted by water.Various o-sulfamoyl benzamides and N,N′-disubstituted phthalamides were prepared in moderate to good yields.These reactions have prominent advantages,such as short reaction time,less by-products and simple isolation of the products.Water can probably stabilize the reaction intermediates and facilitate precipitation of the ring-opening products.When steric hindrance arose,hydrolytic compounds,either free acid or salts of the acids,were obtained.Possible reason for the formation of amine salts of o-sulfamoyl benzoic acids was proposed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102569)the Science&Technological Project of Shaanxi Province,China (2022ZDLNY01-09,2022GD-TSLD-46-0501,2022QFY11-05).
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary saccharin sodium supplementation on production performance,serum biochemical indicators,and rumen fermentation of dairy goats in summer.Twelve Guanzhong dairy goats with similar body weight,days in milk,and milk yield were randomly divided into two dietary treatments:(1)CON:basal diet;(2)SS:basal diet+150 mg/kg saccharin sodium on the basis of dry matter.The experiment lasted 35 d,including 7 d for adaptation and 28 d for dietary treatments,sampling and data collection.Each dairy goat was housed individually in a clean separate pen with ad libitum access to diet and water.The goats fed SS diet had increased dry matter intake(DMI;P=0.037),4%fat corrected milk yield(P=0.049),energy corrected milk yield(P=0.037),milk protein yield(P=0.031),and total solids yield(P=0.036).Serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase(P=0.047)and concentrations of 70-kDa heat shock protein(P=0.090),malondialdehyde(P=0.092),and total protein(P=0.057)were lower in goats fed SS diet than those fed CON diet.Supplementation of saccharin sodium tended to increase activity of glutathione peroxidase in serum(P=0.079).The concentrations of rumen total volatile fatty acid(P=0.042)and butyrate(P=0.038)were increased by saccharin sodium supplementation.Dietary supplementation of saccharin sodium increased the relative abundance of Lachnobacterium(P=0.022),Pseudoramibacter(P=0.022),Shuttleworthia(P=0.025),and Syntrophococcus(P=0.037),but reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella_1(P=0.037)and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_008(P=0.037)in rumen.Saccharin sodium was observed in feces and urine of goats fed diet supplemented with saccharin sodium,but saccharin sodium was undetectable in the milk of goats receiving SS diet.In conclusion,administration of saccharin sodium was effective in increasing fat and energy corrected milk yield by increasing DMI and improving rumen fermentation and antioxidant capacity of dairy goats in summer.In addition,saccharin sodium residue was undetectable in the milk.
