Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflamm...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflammatory mediators in this process is well-established,the contribution of non-inflammatory regulators in SFs to joint pathology remains poorly understood.In this study,we investigated the non-inflammatory role of SFs in RA using a co-culture model,and found that SFs from RA patients promote apoptosis of human chondrocytes.Mechanistic investigations reveal that SFs can secrete small extracellular vesicles(sEVs),which are taken up by chondrocytes and induce chondrocyte apoptosis in both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes from patients with RA.sEV-derived miRNA 15-29148 are identified as key signaling molecules mediating the apoptosis effects of chondrocytes.Further studies reveal that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 targeting CIAPIN1 results in increased chondrocyte apoptosis.We further demonstrate that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 is transferred to chondrocytes,exacerbating cartilage damage in vivo.Moreover,chondrocyte-specific aptamer-modified polyamidoamine nanoparticles not only ameliorated RA but also prevented its onset.This study suggests that,in RA,the secretion of specific sEV-miRNAs from SFs plays a crucial role in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis,potentially through non-inflammatory regulation,and that sEV-miRNA inhibition in SFs may represent an early preventive treatment strategy for cartilage degradation in RA.展开更多
GrpE-like 1(GRPEL1)-carrying exosomes derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells(SMSC)prevent mitochondrial dysfunction associated with osteoarthritis(OA)by activating PINK1-mediated mitophagy,restoring chondrocyte ...GrpE-like 1(GRPEL1)-carrying exosomes derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells(SMSC)prevent mitochondrial dysfunction associated with osteoarthritis(OA)by activating PINK1-mediated mitophagy,restoring chondrocyte function,and preserving the extracellular matrix both in vitro and in vivo.Bioinformatics analysis of human OA datasets identified GRPEL1 as a mitophagyrelated gene that is downregulated in OA.Exosomes enriched with GRPEL1 derived from SMSCs enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production,reduced lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species,increased mitophagy markers(PINK1,Parkin,LC3-II/I),decreased p62 levels,and alleviated cartilage degeneration in a rat destabilization model.A causal role for mitophagy is supported by coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirming a GRPEL1-PINK1 interaction,and by PINK1 knockdown,which diminishes the protective effects of GRPEL1.These findings suggest that exosomes enriched with GRPEL1 derived from SMSCs represents a promising disease-modifying approach for OA by targeting mitochondrial quality control.展开更多
Objective To reveal the therapeutic effects of moxibustion in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat models using the combined analysis of plasma and synovial membrane lipidomic profil-ing and to enhance the understanding...Objective To reveal the therapeutic effects of moxibustion in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat models using the combined analysis of plasma and synovial membrane lipidomic profil-ing and to enhance the understanding of how moxibustion affects lipid metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly assigned to four groups:control,moxibustion control(MC),model,and moxibustion model(MM)groups,with 8 rats in each group.CIA was induced in SD rats by two immunizations.The paw volume was mea-sured before the induction of CIA.Following induction,after assessing paw volume and arthritis index(AI)scores,the MC and MM groups received treatment at bilateral Shenshu(BL23)and Zusanli(ST36)acupoints for 10 min per acupoint.The intervention included three treatment courses,each spanning 6 d and followed by a 1-d interval.Paw volume and AI scores were assessed after each treatment course.After the completion of the three treatment courses,serum,plasma,synovial tissue,and ankle joint samples were collected.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to quantify the levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αin serum.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was per-formed for histopathological examination of the ankle joint tissues.Meanwhile,ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS)was utilized to analyze the plasma and synovial tissue sam-ples.In addition,multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify differential lipid metabolites,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis was applied to explore metabolic pathways modulated by moxibustion therapy.Results No significant difference in hind paw volume and AI scores was observed among the groups(P>0.05).After CIA induction,model group showed increased hind paw volume and AI scores compared with control group(P<0.05),which were significantly reduced after mox-ibustion treatment in MM group compared with model group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly higher in model and MM groups compared with control group(P<0.05),but were lower in MM group than those in model group(P<0.05).Histopathologi-cal analysis showed improved cartilage and reduced inflammation in MM group.A total of 33 differential lipid metabolites in the plasma and 24 in the synovial membranes of CIA rat mod-els were identified when compared with control group.Among these lipid metabolites,31 in the plasma and all 24 in the synovial membranes were regulated by moxibustion treatment.Pathological analysis revealed upregulation of diacylglycerol(DG)and fatty acid(FA)levels,alongside downregulation of lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC),phosphatidylcholine(PC),and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE).Under physiological conditions,the treatment specifically reduced LPC and PC levels.Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that moxibustion predom-inantly affectedα-linolenic acid,glycerophospholipid,and sphingolipid metabolism under pathological conditions.Under physiological conditions,the regulation was centered aroundα-linolenic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism.Conclusion The RA rat models exhibited significant lipid metabolic disturbances.Moxibus-tion alleviated paw swelling,reduced AI scores,modulated inflammatory cytokine levels,and partially corrected the altered levels of multiple lipid metabolites.The potential metabolic pathways implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism under both physiological and pathological conditions includeα-linolenic acid,glycerophospholipid,and sphingolipid metabolism.展开更多
A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a>1-year history of repeated acid reflux and belching and a 1-month history of an abdominal mass.On admission,the patient was in good condition,and his vital sign...A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a>1-year history of repeated acid reflux and belching and a 1-month history of an abdominal mass.On admission,the patient was in good condition,and his vital signs were stable.Laboratory examinations revealed no significant abnormalities.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary renal synovial sarcoma(PRSS)is extremely rare in clinical practice,and most cases are associated with SYT-SSX gene fusion.The PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification has not been reported so far....BACKGROUND Primary renal synovial sarcoma(PRSS)is extremely rare in clinical practice,and most cases are associated with SYT-SSX gene fusion.The PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification has not been reported so far.Therefore,there is no practical experience regarding the clinical,pathological features and diagnosis and treatment plans for patients of this type.This article reports a case of PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification.CASE SUMMARY The patient was preoperatively diagnosed with a malignant tumor of the left kidney(with a high probability of clear cell carcinoma).During the operation,a radical left nephrectomy was performed.The postoperative pathological examination report confirmed synovial sarcoma,and the gene test suggested PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification.Forty-eight days after the operation,the patient presented with"abdominal distension and diarrhea"and was found to have a huge metastatic tumor in the original left renal area.The patient died clinically 17 hours after admission due to"multiple organ failure".CONCLUSION PRSS with MDM2 gene amplification has a poorer prognosis,a higher degree of malignancy,and a faster progression,and clinicians need to be highly vigilant.展开更多
BACKGROUND The existing semi-quantitative ultrasound grading system inadequately evaluates synovial hypertrophy at the dorsal recess of the first metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPJ).Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in ty...BACKGROUND The existing semi-quantitative ultrasound grading system inadequately evaluates synovial hypertrophy at the dorsal recess of the first metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPJ).Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and may influence joint inflammation.This study hypothesizes that serum 25-hydro-xyvitamin D[25(OH)D]levels are inversely associated with synovial hypertrophy severity of the first MTPJ in patients with T2DM.AIM To refine ultrasound grading for the first MTPJ synovial hypertrophy and inves-tigate its association with vitamin D in T2DM.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 56 patients(112 MTPJs)with T2DM from Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Synovial hypertrophy was evaluated using a refined semi-quantitative ultrasound grading system focusing on the dorsal recess overlying the metatarsal bone.Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured.Logistic regression and threshold analyses assessed associations between vitamin D status and hypertrophy severity.RESULTS Of 112 joints assessed,98 exhibited synovial hypertrophy(grade 1:40;grade 2:50;grade 3:8).The refined grading system demonstrated strong intra-and inter-observer reliability(intraclass correlation coefficients=0.79 and 0.73,respectively).Lower serum 25(OH)D(<24.3 ng/mL)was independently associated with moderate-to-severe hypertrophy[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;P=0.0163].Vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the likelihood of moderate-to-severe hypertrophy compared with non-deficiency(OR=3.86;P=0.0422).Threshold analysis identified 23.8 ng/mL as a critical serum 25(OH)D level,below which each increment reduced moderate-to-severe hypertrophy risk by 21%(OR=0.79;P=0.0078).CONCLUSION The refined ultrasound grading system demonstrated strong reliability.Serum 25(OH)D may serve as a protective factor against the severity of synovial hypertrophy in T2DM patients with lower 25(OH)D levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis(OA)remains a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited therapeutic interventions.AIM To investigate the potential of synovial mesenchymal stem cell(SMSC)-derived exosomes(SMSCs-Exos...BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis(OA)remains a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited therapeutic interventions.AIM To investigate the potential of synovial mesenchymal stem cell(SMSC)-derived exosomes(SMSCs-Exos)delivering GrpE-like 1(GRPEL1)in promoting cartilage repair through phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)-mediated mitophagy activation.METHODS A comprehensive research approach was employed,including bioinformatics analysis of gene expression datasets(GSE169077 and GSE114007),in vitro ex-periments with CHON-001 chondrocytes,and in vivo rat knee OA models.Experi-mental techniques encompassed gene expression profiling,immunofluorescence staining,western blot analysis,co-immunoprecipitation,cell proliferation and migration assays,and histological examinations.Exosomes were genetically modified to overexpress or knockdown GRPEL1,and their effects on cellular function and mitochondrial dynamics were systematically evaluated.RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed GRPEL1 as a critical mitophagy-related gene with significantly altered expression in OA.In vitro studies demonstrated that GRPEL1-loaded SMSCs-Exos effectively counteracted interleukin-1 beta-induced cellular damage by enhancing chondrocyte proliferation and migration,preserving extracellular matrix integrity.Mechanistic investigations confirmed direct interaction between GRPEL1 and PINK1,leading to enhanced mitophagy activation.In vivo rat models substantiated these findings,showing significantly reduced cartilage damage,restored proteoglycan content,and improved joint structure in groups receiving GRPEL1-overexpressing exosomes.Key molecular changes included decreased reactive oxygen species,improved mitochondrial membrane potential,and increased mitophagy markers.CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence that SMSCs-Exos delivering GRPEL1 can effectively activate PINK1-mediated mitophagy,offering a promising therapeutic strategy for cartilage repair in OA.The research unveils a novel molecular mechanism for targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and presents a potential disease-modifying approach beyond current symptomatic treatments.展开更多
Synovial sarcoma is a high-grade soft tissue malignancy characterized by a unique fusion gene known as SS18-SSX.The SS18-SSX fusion protein acts as an oncogenic driver of synovial sarcoma,and it has thus been commonly...Synovial sarcoma is a high-grade soft tissue malignancy characterized by a unique fusion gene known as SS18-SSX.The SS18-SSX fusion protein acts as an oncogenic driver of synovial sarcoma,and it has thus been commonly accepted that disruption of SS18-SSX function represents a therapeutic means of treating synovial sarcoma,but emerging evidence suggests that upon depletion of SS18-SSX,an anti-apoptotic signal surprisingly arises to protect synovial sarcoma cell survival.In this article,we discuss the controversial roles of SS18-SSX’s transcriptional activity in synovial sarcoma biology and outline a synergistic strategy for overcoming the resistance of synovial sarcoma cells to SS18-SSX targeted therapeutics.展开更多
A sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography method was established for measuring cefazolin sodium level in rabbit synovial fluid. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate proteins and antipyrine was us...A sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography method was established for measuring cefazolin sodium level in rabbit synovial fluid. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate proteins and antipyrine was used as internal standard. Samples were analyzed on a Dionex Ultimate U3000 HPLC system equipped with Phenomenex Luna C18 column （150 mmx4.60 mm, 5 Bm, 100 A）. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 272 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.0-100.0 μg/mL （r2 = 0.9999）. The limit of detection （LOD, S/N - 3） was 0.07 μg/mL. The limit of quantitation （LOD, S/N = 10） was 0.22 pg/mL. The recovery of cefazolin sodium （low, medium and high） was 124.6%, 117.8%, and 100.6% （RSD% - 1.9%, 4.0%, 1.1%, n = 5）, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision values were in the range of 0.5%-2.7%. The method was simple, sensitive and reliable. It can be used for the quantitative determination of cefazolin sodium in rabbit synovial fluid.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the feasibility and significance of detecting SYT-SSX fusion gene in paraffin-embedded tissues of synovial sarcoma (SS) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) methods. Met...Objective: To investigate the feasibility and significance of detecting SYT-SSX fusion gene in paraffin-embedded tissues of synovial sarcoma (SS) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) methods. Methods: Twenty cases of SS tumors from archival materials were collected and all samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). SYT-SSX fusion transcript was detected by RT-PCR. Home-keeping gene Porphobilinogen Deaminase (PBGD) was regarded as internal control.Results: PBGD mRNA was detected in all 20 tumor cases (100%). SYT-SSX fusion transcript was detected in 18 tumor cases (90%). In 18 SYT-SSX positive SS cases, there are 12 present SYT-SSX1 fusion transcript and 6 present SYT-SSX2 fusion transcript. SYT-SSX1 fusion transcript can be seen in 9 monophasic SS and 3 biphasic SS. In 6 SYT-SSX2 positive SS cases, 4 were monophasic SS and 2 were biphasic. Conclusion: Detection of SYT-SSX fusion transcripts in FFPE tissues for diagnosis of SS is feasible and sensitive. Subtypes of SYT-SSX fusion gene may provide prognosis information.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is an uncommon and highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma in the clinic,with primary pulmonary SS(PPSS)being extremely rare.Here,we describe the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and trea...BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is an uncommon and highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma in the clinic,with primary pulmonary SS(PPSS)being extremely rare.Here,we describe the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and treatment of a solitary PPSS case confirmed via surgical resection and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old man was admitted because of intermittent coughing and hemoptysis for one month,with lung shadows observed for two years.Wholebody positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT)revealed a solitary mass in the upper lobe of the right lung,with uneven radioactivity uptake and a maximum standardized uptake value of 5.6.The greyish-yellow specimen obtained following thoracoscopic resection was covered with small multinodulated structures and consisted of soft tissue.Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed spindle-shaped malignant tumor cells.Immunohistochemistry indicated these tumor cells were CD99 and BCL-2-positive.Furthermore,the FISH test revealed synovial sarcoma translocation genetic reassortment,which confirmed the diagnosis of SS.CONCLUSION PPSS is extremely rare and tends to be misdiagnosed as many primary pulmonary diseases.PET-CT,histologic analysis,and FISH tests can be used to differentiate PPSS from other diseases.Surgical resection is regularly recommended for the treatment of solitary PPSS and is helpful for improving the prognosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the expression of miRNA-140 in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis(OA) patients, and explore the relationship between the miRNA-140 expression and OA severity. Methods This study...Objective To investigate the expression of miRNA-140 in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis(OA) patients, and explore the relationship between the miRNA-140 expression and OA severity. Methods This study enrolled 30 OA patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for chondrocytes sampling and 30 OA patients who underwent intra-articular injection for synovial fluid sampling. All OA patients were grouped into mild [Kellgren and Lawrence(KL) grade 1-2], moderate(KL grade 3) and severe(KL grade 4), with 10 in each subgroups for each sampling purposes. 7 non-OA patients and 10 patients with knee injury were collected for cartilage and synovial fluid sampling respectively as control groups. Chondrocytes were isolated from the cartilage tissue and cultured in vitro. Quantitative real time PCR for miRNA-140 in chondrocytes and synovial fluid were performed, and the U6 sn RNA was used as internal control. The expression difference of miRNA-140 among groups and correlation between the expression and the KL grade of OA were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Spearman test respectively. Results The expression of miRNA-140 in chondrocytes of knees in OA patients was reduced than that in normal knees, and the between-group difference was statistically significant(F=305.464, P<0.001). miRNA-140 could be detected in synovial fluid of both normal knees and OA knees, its relative expression level was reduced in synovial fluid of OA group compared with normal group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant as well(F=314.245, P<0.001). The relative expression level of miRNA-140 in both chondrocytes and synovial fluid were negatively correlated with the KL grade of OA(r=-0.969, P<0.001; r=-0.970, P<0.001). Conclusion miRNA-140 could be detected in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of OA patients, and its expression was negatively correlated with the severity of OA.展开更多
Objective:To explore the significance of osteopontin and nuclear factorκB(NF-κB) expression in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods:RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the Osteopon...Objective:To explore the significance of osteopontin and nuclear factorκB(NF-κB) expression in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods:RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the Osteopontin(OPN) and NF-κB concentration of knee joint synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis and trauma fractures,and analyze the relationship between the expressiones of them.Results:OPN and NF-κB expression at the mRNA and protein levels of patients with knee osteoarthritis were significantly higher than the control group, the result showed statistical significance(P【0.05).There was a positive correlation between the OPN levels in synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis and NF-κB expression levels (P【0.05).Conclusions:The high expression of OPN and NF-κB are closely related to occurrence and development of knee osteoarthritis.展开更多
Synovial sarcoma(SS) is genetically characterized by chromosomal translocation, which generates SYT-SSX fusion transcripts. Although SS can occur in any body part, primary gastric SS is substantially rare. Here we des...Synovial sarcoma(SS) is genetically characterized by chromosomal translocation, which generates SYT-SSX fusion transcripts. Although SS can occur in any body part, primary gastric SS is substantially rare. Here we describe a detection of the fusion gene sequence of gastric SS in plasma cell-free DNA(cf DNA). A gastric submucosal tumor was detected in the stomach of a 27-year-old woman and diagnosed as SS. Candidate intronic primers were designed to detect the intronic fusion breakpoint and this fusion sequence was confirmed in intron 10 of SYT and intron 5 of SSX2 by genomic polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and direct sequencing. A locked nucleic acid(LNA) probe specificto the fusion sequence was designed for detecting the fusion sequence in plasma and the fusion sequence was detected in preoperative plasma cfD NA, while not detected in postoperative plasma cfD NA. This technique will be useful for monitoring translocation-derived diseases such as SS.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36)and Xuanzhong(GB39)on synovial angiogenesis in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA).METHODS:AA models were established by bilateral i...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36)and Xuanzhong(GB39)on synovial angiogenesis in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA).METHODS:AA models were established by bilateral injection of Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Three days after injection,rats were given EA at Zusanli(ST36)and Xuanzhong(GB39)acupoints,once every other day,for 16 d.The arthritis index score,paw volume,and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was performed for each animal.Angiogenesis marker cluster of differentiation 34(CD34)expression and synovial cell apoptosis in synovial tissue were observed.The levels of Notch1,hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1(Hes1),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)were subsequently detected.RESULTS:We found that EA significantly decreased arthritis index scores,paw volume,and HE staining scores.EA could significantly inhibit the expression of CD34,promoting apoptosis of synovial cells in the joint synovial tissue of AA rats.The expression of Notch1 signaling pathway proteins and mR NAs(Notch1,Hes1,TGF-β,and bFGF)were markedly downregulated by EA treatment.CONCLUSIONS:These results prove that EA attenuates synovial angiogenesis by inhibiting the Notch1 signaling pathway in AA rat models.Based on our findings,we propose that EA is a promising complementary and alternative therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma,a rare mesenchymal tumor type with unclear histological origin and direction of differentiation,accounts for 6%–10%of soft tissue tumors.It is mainly located near the joints and tendons of...BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma,a rare mesenchymal tumor type with unclear histological origin and direction of differentiation,accounts for 6%–10%of soft tissue tumors.It is mainly located near the joints and tendons of the limbs,and occurs primarily in children or young adults.Primary renal synovial sarcoma(PRSS)is very rare,accounting for approximately 1%of synovial sarcomas.It is a spindle cell tumor type affecting mesenchymal tissue,and has morphological,genetic,and clinical characteristics,and a certain degree of epithelial differentiation.It is highly malignant and has the fourth highest incidence among soft tissue sarcomas.Here,we report a case of PRSS and share some valuable information about the disease.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital for a space-occupying lesion in the right kidney for 2 d upon ultrasound examination.The patient had no cold or fever;no frequency,urgency or pain of urination;and no other discomfort.The results of a hemogram,blood biochemistry,and tumor markers were in the normal range.The patient was examined by computed tomography(CT),which indicated the presence of a soft tissue density shadow with a diameter of approximately 6.8 cm in the right renal pelvis area,showing uneven enhancement.Ultrasound indicated a cystic solid mass of approximately 6.8 cm×6.5 cm in the right kidney,with an unclear boundary and irregular shape.Meanwhile,color Doppler flow imaging showed dotted blood flow signals in the periphery and interior.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)showed"slow in and fast out"hyperenhancement of the right renal mass after contrast agent injection.The postoperative pathological diagnosis was(right kidney)synovial sarcoma.Despite postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,tumor recurrence was detected two years later.CONCLUSION PRSS is a rare malignant tumor.To date,no characteristic imaging findings have been observed.The diagnosis is confirmed primarily through postoperative pathological immunohistochemistry and SS18(SYT)gene detection.In this case,CEUS was used preoperatively.We found that PRSS has the characteristic of"slow in and fast out"hyperenhancement,and its particular characteristics have diagnostic value.Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not very effective.展开更多
Typically situated posterolateral in the spinal canal, intraspinal facet cysts often cause radicular symptoms. Rarely, the midline location of these synovial or ganglion cysts may cause thecal sac compression leading ...Typically situated posterolateral in the spinal canal, intraspinal facet cysts often cause radicular symptoms. Rarely, the midline location of these synovial or ganglion cysts may cause thecal sac compression leading to neurogenic claudication or cauda equina syndrome. This article summarizes the clinical presentation, radiographic appearance, and management of three intraspinal, midline facet cysts. Three patients with symptomatic midline intraspinal facet cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Documented clinical visits, operative notes, histopathology reports, and imaging findings were investigated for each patient. One patient presented with neurogenic claudication while two patients developed partial, subacute cauda equina syndrome. All 3 patients initially responded favorably to lumbar decompression and midline cyst resection; however, one patient required surgical stabilization 8 mo later. Following the three case presentations, we performed a thorough literature search in order to identify articles describing intraspinal cystic lesions in lateral or midline locations. Midline intraspinal facet cysts represent an uncommon cause of lumbar stenosis and thecal sac compression. Such entities should enter the differential diagnosis of midline posterior cystic lesions. Midline cysts causing thecal sac compression respond favorably to lumbar surgical decompression and cyst resection. Though laminectomy is a commonly performed operation, stabilization may be required in cases of spondylolisthesis or instability.展开更多
The synovium is the soft tissue lining diarthrodial joints, tendon sheaths and bursae and is composed of intimal and subintimal layers. The intimal layer is composed of type A cells(macrophages) and type B cells(fibro...The synovium is the soft tissue lining diarthrodial joints, tendon sheaths and bursae and is composed of intimal and subintimal layers. The intimal layer is composed of type A cells(macrophages) and type B cells(fibroblasts); in health, the subintima has few inflammatory cells. The synovium performs several homeostatic functions and is the primary target in several inflammatory arthritides. Inflammatory states are characterised by thickening of the synovial lining, macrophage recruitment and fibroblast proliferation, and an influx of inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, monocytes and plasma cells. Of the various methods employed to perform synovial biopsies arthroscopic techniques are considered the "gold standard", and have an established safety record. Synovial biopsy has been of critical importance in understanding disease pathogenesis and has provided insight into mechanisms of action of targeted therapies by way of direct evidence about eventsin the synovial tissue in various arthritides. It has been very useful as a research tool for proof of concept studies to assess efficacy and mechanisms of new therapies, provide tissue for in vitro studies, proteomics and microarrays and allow evaluation for biomarkers that may help predict response to therapy and identify new targets for drug development. It also has diagnostic value in the evaluation of neoplastic or granulomatous disease or infection when synovial fluid analysis is noncontributory.展开更多
Effect of interleukin-6 receptor （IL-6R） antibody on polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin （OPG） and ：receptor activator of nuclear fac- tor-kappaB ligand （RANKL） i...Effect of interleukin-6 receptor （IL-6R） antibody on polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin （OPG） and ：receptor activator of nuclear fac- tor-kappaB ligand （RANKL） in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from to- tal knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry （SABC method） staining was used to identify synovial fibro- blasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media： PMMA group （75μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles）, IL-6R antibody group （10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody＋75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles）, and control group （no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles）. Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was meas- ured by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）. ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR （FQ-PCR） was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance （A） value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group （P〈0.01）, but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group （P〉0.05）. Re- suits of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group （P〈0.01）. The expression of RANKL was inhibited （P〈0.05）, and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group （P〉0.05）, but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group （P〈0.05）, and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL be- tween them （P〈0.05）. Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased （P〈0.01） in IL-6R an- tibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group （P〈0.05）, but the expression of OPG mRNA had no sig- nificant difference between them （P〉0.05）. IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPC~ but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular bi- ology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that is usually developed from areas where synovial tissue exists, especially at the extremities.Nevertheless, several cases of retroperitoneal SS(...BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that is usually developed from areas where synovial tissue exists, especially at the extremities.Nevertheless, several cases of retroperitoneal SS(RSS) have been described. We herein report a case of RSS presented in our institution.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old female patient was admitted with a large, palpable, firm mass in the right abdominal space SS. Computerized tomography scan depicted a concentric, sharply marinated retro-peritoneal lesion which was displacing the right kidney and the lower edge of the liver. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical excision of the mass with additional right nephrectomy and resection of the right adrenal gland and a part of the diaphragm. The final histological diagnosis of the tumour was grade II monophasic RSS.CONCLUSION RSS is encountered in the biphasic type, the monophasic fibrous, and the monophasic epithelial category as well. Relevant clinical manifestations are not always documented at early stages. Therefore, the final diagnosis is posed after complete histological examination taking into consideration the results of immunochemistry and genetic analysis. Therapeutic approach happens often late when metastases at the lungs and the liver are apparent. Thus, 5-year survival rates remain low.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82372412)the Social Development Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2022701)+4 种基金the Top Talent Support Program for Young and Middle-aged People of the Wuxi Health Committee(BJ2020044,BJ2020057,HB2020043)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuxi(M202024)the Special Program for Translational Medicine Research of the Wuxi Translational Medicine Center(2020DHYB07,2020DHYB03)the Key Special Project of Precision Medicine of the Wuxi Health Commission(J202101)peking union medical college hospital talent cultivation program(UHB50192).
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease in which synovial fibroblasts(SFs)maintain chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory mediators,leading to joint destruction.While the role of proinflammatory mediators in this process is well-established,the contribution of non-inflammatory regulators in SFs to joint pathology remains poorly understood.In this study,we investigated the non-inflammatory role of SFs in RA using a co-culture model,and found that SFs from RA patients promote apoptosis of human chondrocytes.Mechanistic investigations reveal that SFs can secrete small extracellular vesicles(sEVs),which are taken up by chondrocytes and induce chondrocyte apoptosis in both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes from patients with RA.sEV-derived miRNA 15-29148 are identified as key signaling molecules mediating the apoptosis effects of chondrocytes.Further studies reveal that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 targeting CIAPIN1 results in increased chondrocyte apoptosis.We further demonstrate that SF-derived miRNA 15-29148 is transferred to chondrocytes,exacerbating cartilage damage in vivo.Moreover,chondrocyte-specific aptamer-modified polyamidoamine nanoparticles not only ameliorated RA but also prevented its onset.This study suggests that,in RA,the secretion of specific sEV-miRNAs from SFs plays a crucial role in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis,potentially through non-inflammatory regulation,and that sEV-miRNA inhibition in SFs may represent an early preventive treatment strategy for cartilage degradation in RA.
基金Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-2022R1I1A1A01068652.
文摘GrpE-like 1(GRPEL1)-carrying exosomes derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells(SMSC)prevent mitochondrial dysfunction associated with osteoarthritis(OA)by activating PINK1-mediated mitophagy,restoring chondrocyte function,and preserving the extracellular matrix both in vitro and in vivo.Bioinformatics analysis of human OA datasets identified GRPEL1 as a mitophagyrelated gene that is downregulated in OA.Exosomes enriched with GRPEL1 derived from SMSCs enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production,reduced lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species,increased mitophagy markers(PINK1,Parkin,LC3-II/I),decreased p62 levels,and alleviated cartilage degeneration in a rat destabilization model.A causal role for mitophagy is supported by coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirming a GRPEL1-PINK1 interaction,and by PINK1 knockdown,which diminishes the protective effects of GRPEL1.These findings suggest that exosomes enriched with GRPEL1 derived from SMSCs represents a promising disease-modifying approach for OA by targeting mitochondrial quality control.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81774383)Major Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province (2020SJA0335)Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province (SJCX23_0735)。
文摘Objective To reveal the therapeutic effects of moxibustion in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat models using the combined analysis of plasma and synovial membrane lipidomic profil-ing and to enhance the understanding of how moxibustion affects lipid metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly assigned to four groups:control,moxibustion control(MC),model,and moxibustion model(MM)groups,with 8 rats in each group.CIA was induced in SD rats by two immunizations.The paw volume was mea-sured before the induction of CIA.Following induction,after assessing paw volume and arthritis index(AI)scores,the MC and MM groups received treatment at bilateral Shenshu(BL23)and Zusanli(ST36)acupoints for 10 min per acupoint.The intervention included three treatment courses,each spanning 6 d and followed by a 1-d interval.Paw volume and AI scores were assessed after each treatment course.After the completion of the three treatment courses,serum,plasma,synovial tissue,and ankle joint samples were collected.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to quantify the levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αin serum.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was per-formed for histopathological examination of the ankle joint tissues.Meanwhile,ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS)was utilized to analyze the plasma and synovial tissue sam-ples.In addition,multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify differential lipid metabolites,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis was applied to explore metabolic pathways modulated by moxibustion therapy.Results No significant difference in hind paw volume and AI scores was observed among the groups(P>0.05).After CIA induction,model group showed increased hind paw volume and AI scores compared with control group(P<0.05),which were significantly reduced after mox-ibustion treatment in MM group compared with model group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly higher in model and MM groups compared with control group(P<0.05),but were lower in MM group than those in model group(P<0.05).Histopathologi-cal analysis showed improved cartilage and reduced inflammation in MM group.A total of 33 differential lipid metabolites in the plasma and 24 in the synovial membranes of CIA rat mod-els were identified when compared with control group.Among these lipid metabolites,31 in the plasma and all 24 in the synovial membranes were regulated by moxibustion treatment.Pathological analysis revealed upregulation of diacylglycerol(DG)and fatty acid(FA)levels,alongside downregulation of lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC),phosphatidylcholine(PC),and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE).Under physiological conditions,the treatment specifically reduced LPC and PC levels.Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that moxibustion predom-inantly affectedα-linolenic acid,glycerophospholipid,and sphingolipid metabolism under pathological conditions.Under physiological conditions,the regulation was centered aroundα-linolenic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism.Conclusion The RA rat models exhibited significant lipid metabolic disturbances.Moxibus-tion alleviated paw swelling,reduced AI scores,modulated inflammatory cytokine levels,and partially corrected the altered levels of multiple lipid metabolites.The potential metabolic pathways implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism under both physiological and pathological conditions includeα-linolenic acid,glycerophospholipid,and sphingolipid metabolism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.82160348)the Yunnan Province Major Special Plan(No.202302AA310018-D-8)+1 种基金the Youth Talent Project of Yunnan Province's“Xingdian Talent Support Program”(No.XDYC-QNRC-2022-0608)the 2024 Senior Health Technology and Medical Discipline Leader of Yunnan Provincial Health Commission(No.D-2024056).
文摘A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a>1-year history of repeated acid reflux and belching and a 1-month history of an abdominal mass.On admission,the patient was in good condition,and his vital signs were stable.Laboratory examinations revealed no significant abnormalities.
基金Supported by The Joint Special Project of Universities in Yunnan Province in 2022,No.2022-ES-530101-207The Hospital-level Scientific Research Project of The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University,No.2024YJ14.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary renal synovial sarcoma(PRSS)is extremely rare in clinical practice,and most cases are associated with SYT-SSX gene fusion.The PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification has not been reported so far.Therefore,there is no practical experience regarding the clinical,pathological features and diagnosis and treatment plans for patients of this type.This article reports a case of PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification.CASE SUMMARY The patient was preoperatively diagnosed with a malignant tumor of the left kidney(with a high probability of clear cell carcinoma).During the operation,a radical left nephrectomy was performed.The postoperative pathological examination report confirmed synovial sarcoma,and the gene test suggested PRSS with specific MDM2 gene amplification.Forty-eight days after the operation,the patient presented with"abdominal distension and diarrhea"and was found to have a huge metastatic tumor in the original left renal area.The patient died clinically 17 hours after admission due to"multiple organ failure".CONCLUSION PRSS with MDM2 gene amplification has a poorer prognosis,a higher degree of malignancy,and a faster progression,and clinicians need to be highly vigilant.
文摘BACKGROUND The existing semi-quantitative ultrasound grading system inadequately evaluates synovial hypertrophy at the dorsal recess of the first metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPJ).Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and may influence joint inflammation.This study hypothesizes that serum 25-hydro-xyvitamin D[25(OH)D]levels are inversely associated with synovial hypertrophy severity of the first MTPJ in patients with T2DM.AIM To refine ultrasound grading for the first MTPJ synovial hypertrophy and inves-tigate its association with vitamin D in T2DM.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 56 patients(112 MTPJs)with T2DM from Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Synovial hypertrophy was evaluated using a refined semi-quantitative ultrasound grading system focusing on the dorsal recess overlying the metatarsal bone.Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured.Logistic regression and threshold analyses assessed associations between vitamin D status and hypertrophy severity.RESULTS Of 112 joints assessed,98 exhibited synovial hypertrophy(grade 1:40;grade 2:50;grade 3:8).The refined grading system demonstrated strong intra-and inter-observer reliability(intraclass correlation coefficients=0.79 and 0.73,respectively).Lower serum 25(OH)D(<24.3 ng/mL)was independently associated with moderate-to-severe hypertrophy[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;P=0.0163].Vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the likelihood of moderate-to-severe hypertrophy compared with non-deficiency(OR=3.86;P=0.0422).Threshold analysis identified 23.8 ng/mL as a critical serum 25(OH)D level,below which each increment reduced moderate-to-severe hypertrophy risk by 21%(OR=0.79;P=0.0078).CONCLUSION The refined ultrasound grading system demonstrated strong reliability.Serum 25(OH)D may serve as a protective factor against the severity of synovial hypertrophy in T2DM patients with lower 25(OH)D levels.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Project of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration of Hubei Provincial Health Commission,No.ZY2025 L268.
文摘BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis(OA)remains a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited therapeutic interventions.AIM To investigate the potential of synovial mesenchymal stem cell(SMSC)-derived exosomes(SMSCs-Exos)delivering GrpE-like 1(GRPEL1)in promoting cartilage repair through phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)-mediated mitophagy activation.METHODS A comprehensive research approach was employed,including bioinformatics analysis of gene expression datasets(GSE169077 and GSE114007),in vitro ex-periments with CHON-001 chondrocytes,and in vivo rat knee OA models.Experi-mental techniques encompassed gene expression profiling,immunofluorescence staining,western blot analysis,co-immunoprecipitation,cell proliferation and migration assays,and histological examinations.Exosomes were genetically modified to overexpress or knockdown GRPEL1,and their effects on cellular function and mitochondrial dynamics were systematically evaluated.RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed GRPEL1 as a critical mitophagy-related gene with significantly altered expression in OA.In vitro studies demonstrated that GRPEL1-loaded SMSCs-Exos effectively counteracted interleukin-1 beta-induced cellular damage by enhancing chondrocyte proliferation and migration,preserving extracellular matrix integrity.Mechanistic investigations confirmed direct interaction between GRPEL1 and PINK1,leading to enhanced mitophagy activation.In vivo rat models substantiated these findings,showing significantly reduced cartilage damage,restored proteoglycan content,and improved joint structure in groups receiving GRPEL1-overexpressing exosomes.Key molecular changes included decreased reactive oxygen species,improved mitochondrial membrane potential,and increased mitophagy markers.CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence that SMSCs-Exos delivering GRPEL1 can effectively activate PINK1-mediated mitophagy,offering a promising therapeutic strategy for cartilage repair in OA.The research unveils a novel molecular mechanism for targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and presents a potential disease-modifying approach beyond current symptomatic treatments.
文摘Synovial sarcoma is a high-grade soft tissue malignancy characterized by a unique fusion gene known as SS18-SSX.The SS18-SSX fusion protein acts as an oncogenic driver of synovial sarcoma,and it has thus been commonly accepted that disruption of SS18-SSX function represents a therapeutic means of treating synovial sarcoma,but emerging evidence suggests that upon depletion of SS18-SSX,an anti-apoptotic signal surprisingly arises to protect synovial sarcoma cell survival.In this article,we discuss the controversial roles of SS18-SSX’s transcriptional activity in synovial sarcoma biology and outline a synergistic strategy for overcoming the resistance of synovial sarcoma cells to SS18-SSX targeted therapeutics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.81373372)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20110001110021 and 20130001110059)
文摘A sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography method was established for measuring cefazolin sodium level in rabbit synovial fluid. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate proteins and antipyrine was used as internal standard. Samples were analyzed on a Dionex Ultimate U3000 HPLC system equipped with Phenomenex Luna C18 column （150 mmx4.60 mm, 5 Bm, 100 A）. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 272 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.0-100.0 μg/mL （r2 = 0.9999）. The limit of detection （LOD, S/N - 3） was 0.07 μg/mL. The limit of quantitation （LOD, S/N = 10） was 0.22 pg/mL. The recovery of cefazolin sodium （low, medium and high） was 124.6%, 117.8%, and 100.6% （RSD% - 1.9%, 4.0%, 1.1%, n = 5）, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision values were in the range of 0.5%-2.7%. The method was simple, sensitive and reliable. It can be used for the quantitative determination of cefazolin sodium in rabbit synovial fluid.
文摘Objective: To investigate the feasibility and significance of detecting SYT-SSX fusion gene in paraffin-embedded tissues of synovial sarcoma (SS) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) methods. Methods: Twenty cases of SS tumors from archival materials were collected and all samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). SYT-SSX fusion transcript was detected by RT-PCR. Home-keeping gene Porphobilinogen Deaminase (PBGD) was regarded as internal control.Results: PBGD mRNA was detected in all 20 tumor cases (100%). SYT-SSX fusion transcript was detected in 18 tumor cases (90%). In 18 SYT-SSX positive SS cases, there are 12 present SYT-SSX1 fusion transcript and 6 present SYT-SSX2 fusion transcript. SYT-SSX1 fusion transcript can be seen in 9 monophasic SS and 3 biphasic SS. In 6 SYT-SSX2 positive SS cases, 4 were monophasic SS and 2 were biphasic. Conclusion: Detection of SYT-SSX fusion transcripts in FFPE tissues for diagnosis of SS is feasible and sensitive. Subtypes of SYT-SSX fusion gene may provide prognosis information.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is an uncommon and highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma in the clinic,with primary pulmonary SS(PPSS)being extremely rare.Here,we describe the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and treatment of a solitary PPSS case confirmed via surgical resection and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old man was admitted because of intermittent coughing and hemoptysis for one month,with lung shadows observed for two years.Wholebody positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT)revealed a solitary mass in the upper lobe of the right lung,with uneven radioactivity uptake and a maximum standardized uptake value of 5.6.The greyish-yellow specimen obtained following thoracoscopic resection was covered with small multinodulated structures and consisted of soft tissue.Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed spindle-shaped malignant tumor cells.Immunohistochemistry indicated these tumor cells were CD99 and BCL-2-positive.Furthermore,the FISH test revealed synovial sarcoma translocation genetic reassortment,which confirmed the diagnosis of SS.CONCLUSION PPSS is extremely rare and tends to be misdiagnosed as many primary pulmonary diseases.PET-CT,histologic analysis,and FISH tests can be used to differentiate PPSS from other diseases.Surgical resection is regularly recommended for the treatment of solitary PPSS and is helpful for improving the prognosis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81672219No.81601936)the Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan province(No.2014SZ0023-2)
文摘Objective To investigate the expression of miRNA-140 in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of osteoarthritis(OA) patients, and explore the relationship between the miRNA-140 expression and OA severity. Methods This study enrolled 30 OA patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for chondrocytes sampling and 30 OA patients who underwent intra-articular injection for synovial fluid sampling. All OA patients were grouped into mild [Kellgren and Lawrence(KL) grade 1-2], moderate(KL grade 3) and severe(KL grade 4), with 10 in each subgroups for each sampling purposes. 7 non-OA patients and 10 patients with knee injury were collected for cartilage and synovial fluid sampling respectively as control groups. Chondrocytes were isolated from the cartilage tissue and cultured in vitro. Quantitative real time PCR for miRNA-140 in chondrocytes and synovial fluid were performed, and the U6 sn RNA was used as internal control. The expression difference of miRNA-140 among groups and correlation between the expression and the KL grade of OA were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Spearman test respectively. Results The expression of miRNA-140 in chondrocytes of knees in OA patients was reduced than that in normal knees, and the between-group difference was statistically significant(F=305.464, P<0.001). miRNA-140 could be detected in synovial fluid of both normal knees and OA knees, its relative expression level was reduced in synovial fluid of OA group compared with normal group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant as well(F=314.245, P<0.001). The relative expression level of miRNA-140 in both chondrocytes and synovial fluid were negatively correlated with the KL grade of OA(r=-0.969, P<0.001; r=-0.970, P<0.001). Conclusion miRNA-140 could be detected in chondrocytes and synovial fluid of OA patients, and its expression was negatively correlated with the severity of OA.
文摘Objective:To explore the significance of osteopontin and nuclear factorκB(NF-κB) expression in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods:RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the Osteopontin(OPN) and NF-κB concentration of knee joint synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis and trauma fractures,and analyze the relationship between the expressiones of them.Results:OPN and NF-κB expression at the mRNA and protein levels of patients with knee osteoarthritis were significantly higher than the control group, the result showed statistical significance(P【0.05).There was a positive correlation between the OPN levels in synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis and NF-κB expression levels (P【0.05).Conclusions:The high expression of OPN and NF-κB are closely related to occurrence and development of knee osteoarthritis.
文摘Synovial sarcoma(SS) is genetically characterized by chromosomal translocation, which generates SYT-SSX fusion transcripts. Although SS can occur in any body part, primary gastric SS is substantially rare. Here we describe a detection of the fusion gene sequence of gastric SS in plasma cell-free DNA(cf DNA). A gastric submucosal tumor was detected in the stomach of a 27-year-old woman and diagnosed as SS. Candidate intronic primers were designed to detect the intronic fusion breakpoint and this fusion sequence was confirmed in intron 10 of SYT and intron 5 of SSX2 by genomic polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and direct sequencing. A locked nucleic acid(LNA) probe specificto the fusion sequence was designed for detecting the fusion sequence in plasma and the fusion sequence was detected in preoperative plasma cfD NA, while not detected in postoperative plasma cfD NA. This technique will be useful for monitoring translocation-derived diseases such as SS.
基金Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:Study of Electroacupuncture on the Angiogenesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Rats by HIF-1α/MDM2/p53 Signaling Pathway(No.81704152)Study on Immune Mechanisms of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Moxibustion“trengthening Body Resistance and Eliminating Evil”(No.81973959)Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province:Study of Electroacupuncture on the Punnus in Rheumatoid Arthritis Rats by HIF-1α,STAT3,Noth1 Signaling Pathway(No.2019YJ0491)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36)and Xuanzhong(GB39)on synovial angiogenesis in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA).METHODS:AA models were established by bilateral injection of Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Three days after injection,rats were given EA at Zusanli(ST36)and Xuanzhong(GB39)acupoints,once every other day,for 16 d.The arthritis index score,paw volume,and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was performed for each animal.Angiogenesis marker cluster of differentiation 34(CD34)expression and synovial cell apoptosis in synovial tissue were observed.The levels of Notch1,hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1(Hes1),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)were subsequently detected.RESULTS:We found that EA significantly decreased arthritis index scores,paw volume,and HE staining scores.EA could significantly inhibit the expression of CD34,promoting apoptosis of synovial cells in the joint synovial tissue of AA rats.The expression of Notch1 signaling pathway proteins and mR NAs(Notch1,Hes1,TGF-β,and bFGF)were markedly downregulated by EA treatment.CONCLUSIONS:These results prove that EA attenuates synovial angiogenesis by inhibiting the Notch1 signaling pathway in AA rat models.Based on our findings,we propose that EA is a promising complementary and alternative therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma,a rare mesenchymal tumor type with unclear histological origin and direction of differentiation,accounts for 6%–10%of soft tissue tumors.It is mainly located near the joints and tendons of the limbs,and occurs primarily in children or young adults.Primary renal synovial sarcoma(PRSS)is very rare,accounting for approximately 1%of synovial sarcomas.It is a spindle cell tumor type affecting mesenchymal tissue,and has morphological,genetic,and clinical characteristics,and a certain degree of epithelial differentiation.It is highly malignant and has the fourth highest incidence among soft tissue sarcomas.Here,we report a case of PRSS and share some valuable information about the disease.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital for a space-occupying lesion in the right kidney for 2 d upon ultrasound examination.The patient had no cold or fever;no frequency,urgency or pain of urination;and no other discomfort.The results of a hemogram,blood biochemistry,and tumor markers were in the normal range.The patient was examined by computed tomography(CT),which indicated the presence of a soft tissue density shadow with a diameter of approximately 6.8 cm in the right renal pelvis area,showing uneven enhancement.Ultrasound indicated a cystic solid mass of approximately 6.8 cm×6.5 cm in the right kidney,with an unclear boundary and irregular shape.Meanwhile,color Doppler flow imaging showed dotted blood flow signals in the periphery and interior.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)showed"slow in and fast out"hyperenhancement of the right renal mass after contrast agent injection.The postoperative pathological diagnosis was(right kidney)synovial sarcoma.Despite postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,tumor recurrence was detected two years later.CONCLUSION PRSS is a rare malignant tumor.To date,no characteristic imaging findings have been observed.The diagnosis is confirmed primarily through postoperative pathological immunohistochemistry and SS18(SYT)gene detection.In this case,CEUS was used preoperatively.We found that PRSS has the characteristic of"slow in and fast out"hyperenhancement,and its particular characteristics have diagnostic value.Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not very effective.
文摘Typically situated posterolateral in the spinal canal, intraspinal facet cysts often cause radicular symptoms. Rarely, the midline location of these synovial or ganglion cysts may cause thecal sac compression leading to neurogenic claudication or cauda equina syndrome. This article summarizes the clinical presentation, radiographic appearance, and management of three intraspinal, midline facet cysts. Three patients with symptomatic midline intraspinal facet cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Documented clinical visits, operative notes, histopathology reports, and imaging findings were investigated for each patient. One patient presented with neurogenic claudication while two patients developed partial, subacute cauda equina syndrome. All 3 patients initially responded favorably to lumbar decompression and midline cyst resection; however, one patient required surgical stabilization 8 mo later. Following the three case presentations, we performed a thorough literature search in order to identify articles describing intraspinal cystic lesions in lateral or midline locations. Midline intraspinal facet cysts represent an uncommon cause of lumbar stenosis and thecal sac compression. Such entities should enter the differential diagnosis of midline posterior cystic lesions. Midline cysts causing thecal sac compression respond favorably to lumbar surgical decompression and cyst resection. Though laminectomy is a commonly performed operation, stabilization may be required in cases of spondylolisthesis or instability.
基金Supported by National Health and Medical Research Council Medical and Dental Postgraduate Research Scholarship to Dr.Wechalekar,MD,No.APP1018009
文摘The synovium is the soft tissue lining diarthrodial joints, tendon sheaths and bursae and is composed of intimal and subintimal layers. The intimal layer is composed of type A cells(macrophages) and type B cells(fibroblasts); in health, the subintima has few inflammatory cells. The synovium performs several homeostatic functions and is the primary target in several inflammatory arthritides. Inflammatory states are characterised by thickening of the synovial lining, macrophage recruitment and fibroblast proliferation, and an influx of inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, monocytes and plasma cells. Of the various methods employed to perform synovial biopsies arthroscopic techniques are considered the "gold standard", and have an established safety record. Synovial biopsy has been of critical importance in understanding disease pathogenesis and has provided insight into mechanisms of action of targeted therapies by way of direct evidence about eventsin the synovial tissue in various arthritides. It has been very useful as a research tool for proof of concept studies to assess efficacy and mechanisms of new therapies, provide tissue for in vitro studies, proteomics and microarrays and allow evaluation for biomarkers that may help predict response to therapy and identify new targets for drug development. It also has diagnostic value in the evaluation of neoplastic or granulomatous disease or infection when synovial fluid analysis is noncontributory.
基金supported by grants from the Research and Development Projects of Shenzhen of P.R.China(No.JCYJ20130402114702130)the Healthcare and Medical Research Fund of Shenzhen of P.R.China(No.201302064)
文摘Effect of interleukin-6 receptor （IL-6R） antibody on polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin （OPG） and ：receptor activator of nuclear fac- tor-kappaB ligand （RANKL） in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from to- tal knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry （SABC method） staining was used to identify synovial fibro- blasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media： PMMA group （75μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles）, IL-6R antibody group （10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody＋75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles）, and control group （no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles）. Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was meas- ured by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）. ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR （FQ-PCR） was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance （A） value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group （P〈0.01）, but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group （P〉0.05）. Re- suits of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group （P〈0.01）. The expression of RANKL was inhibited （P〈0.05）, and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group （P〉0.05）, but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group （P〈0.05）, and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL be- tween them （P〈0.05）. Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased （P〈0.01） in IL-6R an- tibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group （P〈0.05）, but the expression of OPG mRNA had no sig- nificant difference between them （P〉0.05）. IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPC~ but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular bi- ology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that is usually developed from areas where synovial tissue exists, especially at the extremities.Nevertheless, several cases of retroperitoneal SS(RSS) have been described. We herein report a case of RSS presented in our institution.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old female patient was admitted with a large, palpable, firm mass in the right abdominal space SS. Computerized tomography scan depicted a concentric, sharply marinated retro-peritoneal lesion which was displacing the right kidney and the lower edge of the liver. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical excision of the mass with additional right nephrectomy and resection of the right adrenal gland and a part of the diaphragm. The final histological diagnosis of the tumour was grade II monophasic RSS.CONCLUSION RSS is encountered in the biphasic type, the monophasic fibrous, and the monophasic epithelial category as well. Relevant clinical manifestations are not always documented at early stages. Therefore, the final diagnosis is posed after complete histological examination taking into consideration the results of immunochemistry and genetic analysis. Therapeutic approach happens often late when metastases at the lungs and the liver are apparent. Thus, 5-year survival rates remain low.
