Located on the western Yangtze Block, the Sichuan （四川）-Yunnan （云南）-Guizhou （贵州） （SYG） Pb-Zn metallogenic province has been a major source of base metals for China. In the south- eastern SYG province, str...Located on the western Yangtze Block, the Sichuan （四川）-Yunnan （云南）-Guizhou （贵州） （SYG） Pb-Zn metallogenic province has been a major source of base metals for China. In the south- eastern SYG province, structures are well developed and strictly control about 100 Pb-Zn deposits. Al- most all the deposits are hosted in Devonian to Permian carbonate rocks. Lead-zinc ores occur either as veinlets or disseminations in dolomitic rocks with massive and disseminated textures. Ore minerals are composed of pyrite, sphalerite and galena, and gangue minerals are calcite and dolomite. Sulfide min- erals from four typical Pb-Zn deposits are analyzed for sulfur isotope compositions to trace the origin and evolution of hydrothermal fluids. The results show that 034S values of sulfide minerals range from ＋3.50%0 to ＋20.26%0, with a broad peak in ＋10%0 to ＋16%0, unlike mantle-derived sulfur （0±3%0）. How- ever, the mean δ34Ssulflde and δ34S∑s-fluids values are similar to that of sulfate-bearing evaporites in the host rocks （gypsum： -＋15%0 and barite： ＋22%0 to ＋28%0） and Cambrian to Permian seawater sulfate （＋15%0 to ＋35%0）. This suggests that reduced sulfur in hydrothermal fluids was likely derived from evaporates in the host rocks by thermo-chemical sulfate reduction （TSR）. Calculated δ34S∑s-fluids values of the Shanshulin （杉树林）, Qingshan （青山）, Shaojiwan （筲箕湾） and Tianqiao （天桥） Pb-Zn deposits are ＋21.59‰, ＋18.33‰, ＋11.4‰ and ＋10.62‰, respectively, indicating sulfur-bearing hydrothermal fluids may be evolved from the Shanshulin to Qingshan and then the Shaojiwan to Tianqiao deposition sites along the Yadu （垭都）-Ziyun （紫云） lithospheric fracture in the southeastern SYG province.展开更多
Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Shenyuan Gan(参远苷,SYG)on the inflammat-ory response in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods The cytotoxicity of SYG to BV2 microglial cells wa...Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Shenyuan Gan(参远苷,SYG)on the inflammat-ory response in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods The cytotoxicity of SYG to BV2 microglial cells was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the effect of SYG concentrations on LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells was studied.The morphological changes were observed using an optical microscope.The nitric oxide(NO)concentration in cell culture supernatant was determined using Griess re-agent.The expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also measured by an en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of inducible NO synthase(iNOS),nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)p65,alpha inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB-α),phosphorylation-IκB-α(p-IκB-α),NOD-like receptor 3(NLRP3),and cas-pase-1 expression.Moreover,the expression of iNOS,NLRP3,and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1)was also observed using immunofluorescent staining.Results SYG had a low cytotoxic effect on BV2 microglial cells and could significantly decr-ease LPS-induced morphological changes of BV2 microglial cells(P<0.05).ELISA results showed that SYG significantly inhibited the LPS-induced increase in interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in BV2 microglia cells(P<0.05),and Western blot analysis showed that the phosphoryla-tion levels of iNOS,NF-κB p65,and IκB-αas well as NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression were also significantly decreased,and IκB-αexpression was increased after SYG treatment(P<0.05,compared with the LPS-treated group).The immunofluorescence results were consist-ent with the Western blot results,and Iba1 staining indicated that the cell morphology tended to be resting.These results indicate that SYG has a certain inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells.Conclusion SYG can inhibit LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells by affecting the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α.SYG is a valuable candid-ate for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41102055,41272111 and 41102053)
文摘Located on the western Yangtze Block, the Sichuan （四川）-Yunnan （云南）-Guizhou （贵州） （SYG） Pb-Zn metallogenic province has been a major source of base metals for China. In the south- eastern SYG province, structures are well developed and strictly control about 100 Pb-Zn deposits. Al- most all the deposits are hosted in Devonian to Permian carbonate rocks. Lead-zinc ores occur either as veinlets or disseminations in dolomitic rocks with massive and disseminated textures. Ore minerals are composed of pyrite, sphalerite and galena, and gangue minerals are calcite and dolomite. Sulfide min- erals from four typical Pb-Zn deposits are analyzed for sulfur isotope compositions to trace the origin and evolution of hydrothermal fluids. The results show that 034S values of sulfide minerals range from ＋3.50%0 to ＋20.26%0, with a broad peak in ＋10%0 to ＋16%0, unlike mantle-derived sulfur （0±3%0）. How- ever, the mean δ34Ssulflde and δ34S∑s-fluids values are similar to that of sulfate-bearing evaporites in the host rocks （gypsum： -＋15%0 and barite： ＋22%0 to ＋28%0） and Cambrian to Permian seawater sulfate （＋15%0 to ＋35%0）. This suggests that reduced sulfur in hydrothermal fluids was likely derived from evaporates in the host rocks by thermo-chemical sulfate reduction （TSR）. Calculated δ34S∑s-fluids values of the Shanshulin （杉树林）, Qingshan （青山）, Shaojiwan （筲箕湾） and Tianqiao （天桥） Pb-Zn deposits are ＋21.59‰, ＋18.33‰, ＋11.4‰ and ＋10.62‰, respectively, indicating sulfur-bearing hydrothermal fluids may be evolved from the Shanshulin to Qingshan and then the Shaojiwan to Tianqiao deposition sites along the Yadu （垭都）-Ziyun （紫云） lithospheric fracture in the southeastern SYG province.
基金The Space Medical Experiment Project of the China Manned Space Program(HYZHXM05003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171493)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan province(2021JJ30504)Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A04905)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education of the Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First-class Discipline Project of Chinese Medicine(19B422)。
文摘Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Shenyuan Gan(参远苷,SYG)on the inflammat-ory response in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods The cytotoxicity of SYG to BV2 microglial cells was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the effect of SYG concentrations on LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells was studied.The morphological changes were observed using an optical microscope.The nitric oxide(NO)concentration in cell culture supernatant was determined using Griess re-agent.The expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also measured by an en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of inducible NO synthase(iNOS),nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)p65,alpha inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB-α),phosphorylation-IκB-α(p-IκB-α),NOD-like receptor 3(NLRP3),and cas-pase-1 expression.Moreover,the expression of iNOS,NLRP3,and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1)was also observed using immunofluorescent staining.Results SYG had a low cytotoxic effect on BV2 microglial cells and could significantly decr-ease LPS-induced morphological changes of BV2 microglial cells(P<0.05).ELISA results showed that SYG significantly inhibited the LPS-induced increase in interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in BV2 microglia cells(P<0.05),and Western blot analysis showed that the phosphoryla-tion levels of iNOS,NF-κB p65,and IκB-αas well as NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression were also significantly decreased,and IκB-αexpression was increased after SYG treatment(P<0.05,compared with the LPS-treated group).The immunofluorescence results were consist-ent with the Western blot results,and Iba1 staining indicated that the cell morphology tended to be resting.These results indicate that SYG has a certain inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells.Conclusion SYG can inhibit LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells by affecting the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α.SYG is a valuable candid-ate for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases.
