为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,...为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,并对路面在设计使用年限内的综合滞蓄雨效果进行模拟分析。结果表明:路面在平水年以及枯水年下年径流总量控制率分别达到72.14%和75.37%,表现出较强的雨水滞蓄能力;丰水年下路面的雨水滞蓄能力略低,除了特丰水年外,丰水年间的年径流总量控制率仅略低于目标年径流总量控制率,在3%以内;路面在设计使用年限内总平均年径流总量控制率为66.34%,符合海绵城市建设要求。展开更多
Many Low Impact Developments (LIDs) have recently been developed as a sustainable integrated strategy for managing the quantity and quality of stormwater and surrounding amenities. Previous research showed that green ...Many Low Impact Developments (LIDs) have recently been developed as a sustainable integrated strategy for managing the quantity and quality of stormwater and surrounding amenities. Previous research showed that green roof is one of the most promising LIDs for slowing down rainwater, controlling rainwater volume, and enhancing rainwater quality by filtering and leaching contaminants from the substrate. However, there is no guideline for green roof design in Malaysia. Hence, Investigating the viability of using green roofs to manage stormwater and address flash flood hazards is urgently necessary. This study used the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to evaluate the effectiveness of green roof in managing stormwater and improving rainwater quality. The selected study area is the multistory car park (MSCP) rooftop at Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus. Nine green roof models with different configurations were created. Results revealed that the optimum design of a green roof is 100 mm of berm height, 150 mm of soil thickness, and 50 mm of drainage mat thickness. With the ability to reduce runoff generation by 26.73%, reduce TSS by 89.75%, TP by 93.07%, TN by 93.16%, and improved BOD by 81.33%. However, pH values dropped as low as 5.933 and became more acidic due to the substrates in green roof. These findings demonstrated that green roofs improve water quality, able to temporarily store excess rainfall and it is very promising and sustainable tool in managing stormwater.展开更多
Water Quality Model System( WQMS) is an important approach to analyzing aquatic situation and supporting environmental decision. However,the usage and promotion of WQMS is largely limited by amounts of parameters,comp...Water Quality Model System( WQMS) is an important approach to analyzing aquatic situation and supporting environmental decision. However,the usage and promotion of WQMS is largely limited by amounts of parameters,complex conditions and enormous operations. A GIS integrated system of urban water environment coupled with SWMM( storm runoff model),ECOM( hydrodynamic model) and RCA( water quality model) was constructed in this study,with the production and transformation of contaminants in large scale taken into consideration. This integrated system guaranteed an independent calculation and multi-model coupling calculation,including convenient pre-processing,fast and efficient model running and results visualization in different spatial and temporal scales,in the purpose of simplifying the usage and promotion of complex models and providing necessary understanding required in water resource managing and water pollution controlling,and ultimately improving decision making capability. The functionality of the proposed system was illustrated by a case of Wuhan city.展开更多
校园海绵化改造是海绵城市建设的重要组成部分,能够缓解城市内涝,高效利用校园内部水资源,实现可持续发展。以临沂市某学校为例,运用暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model,SWMM)研究校园海绵化改造方案,评估低影响开发(Low-Im...校园海绵化改造是海绵城市建设的重要组成部分,能够缓解城市内涝,高效利用校园内部水资源,实现可持续发展。以临沂市某学校为例,运用暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model,SWMM)研究校园海绵化改造方案,评估低影响开发(Low-Impact Development,LID)技术方案的应用效果。其间通过分析校园环境的水文特征,提出4种LID设施布设方案,并利用SWMM模拟其在不同暴雨重现期下的水文响应。研究结果显示,单LID设施方案中,绿色屋顶对地表径流的削减率最大,下凹式绿地对径流峰值的削减能力最大;LID设施组合方案是减少径流和峰值流量的最有效方案。研究成果为海绵校园建设和LID技术在实际应用中的优化提供理论支持和实践参考。展开更多
以温州市典型住宅区非点源污染为对象,基于SWMM(storm water management model)模型的模拟机理,借鉴国内外相关研究的模型参数,结合降雨径流实测数据率定模型参数,将模型"本地化",构建了基于SWMM模型的研究区非点源污染负荷...以温州市典型住宅区非点源污染为对象,基于SWMM(storm water management model)模型的模拟机理,借鉴国内外相关研究的模型参数,结合降雨径流实测数据率定模型参数,将模型"本地化",构建了基于SWMM模型的研究区非点源污染负荷计算模型,并设计了4种不同降雨情景,分析在不同降雨条件下研究区非点源污染固体悬浮物(TSS)、CODCr、TN和TP的污染负荷量及其累积变化过程.结果表明,构建的SWMM模型的模拟值可以较好地与实测值相吻合,4种污染物模拟的相对误差均小于10%.在设计的4种降雨情景下:①污染物浓度峰值出现在降雨30～40 min内,降雨强度越大,出现浓度峰值的时间越早;②高强度降雨较低强度降雨可对受纳水体造成更大的污染.展开更多
文摘为研究透水沥青路面长期使用过程中的整体滞蓄雨水能力,文章以颍上县纬八路为例,建立研究道路的暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM),通过设计短历时降雨雨型剖析了路面在丰水、平水、枯水年3种情景下的滞蓄雨水能力,并对路面在设计使用年限内的综合滞蓄雨效果进行模拟分析。结果表明:路面在平水年以及枯水年下年径流总量控制率分别达到72.14%和75.37%,表现出较强的雨水滞蓄能力;丰水年下路面的雨水滞蓄能力略低,除了特丰水年外,丰水年间的年径流总量控制率仅略低于目标年径流总量控制率,在3%以内;路面在设计使用年限内总平均年径流总量控制率为66.34%,符合海绵城市建设要求。
文摘Many Low Impact Developments (LIDs) have recently been developed as a sustainable integrated strategy for managing the quantity and quality of stormwater and surrounding amenities. Previous research showed that green roof is one of the most promising LIDs for slowing down rainwater, controlling rainwater volume, and enhancing rainwater quality by filtering and leaching contaminants from the substrate. However, there is no guideline for green roof design in Malaysia. Hence, Investigating the viability of using green roofs to manage stormwater and address flash flood hazards is urgently necessary. This study used the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to evaluate the effectiveness of green roof in managing stormwater and improving rainwater quality. The selected study area is the multistory car park (MSCP) rooftop at Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus. Nine green roof models with different configurations were created. Results revealed that the optimum design of a green roof is 100 mm of berm height, 150 mm of soil thickness, and 50 mm of drainage mat thickness. With the ability to reduce runoff generation by 26.73%, reduce TSS by 89.75%, TP by 93.07%, TN by 93.16%, and improved BOD by 81.33%. However, pH values dropped as low as 5.933 and became more acidic due to the substrates in green roof. These findings demonstrated that green roofs improve water quality, able to temporarily store excess rainfall and it is very promising and sustainable tool in managing stormwater.
基金Science and Technology Program of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development(2015-K8-009)
文摘Water Quality Model System( WQMS) is an important approach to analyzing aquatic situation and supporting environmental decision. However,the usage and promotion of WQMS is largely limited by amounts of parameters,complex conditions and enormous operations. A GIS integrated system of urban water environment coupled with SWMM( storm runoff model),ECOM( hydrodynamic model) and RCA( water quality model) was constructed in this study,with the production and transformation of contaminants in large scale taken into consideration. This integrated system guaranteed an independent calculation and multi-model coupling calculation,including convenient pre-processing,fast and efficient model running and results visualization in different spatial and temporal scales,in the purpose of simplifying the usage and promotion of complex models and providing necessary understanding required in water resource managing and water pollution controlling,and ultimately improving decision making capability. The functionality of the proposed system was illustrated by a case of Wuhan city.
文摘校园海绵化改造是海绵城市建设的重要组成部分,能够缓解城市内涝,高效利用校园内部水资源,实现可持续发展。以临沂市某学校为例,运用暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model,SWMM)研究校园海绵化改造方案,评估低影响开发(Low-Impact Development,LID)技术方案的应用效果。其间通过分析校园环境的水文特征,提出4种LID设施布设方案,并利用SWMM模拟其在不同暴雨重现期下的水文响应。研究结果显示,单LID设施方案中,绿色屋顶对地表径流的削减率最大,下凹式绿地对径流峰值的削减能力最大;LID设施组合方案是减少径流和峰值流量的最有效方案。研究成果为海绵校园建设和LID技术在实际应用中的优化提供理论支持和实践参考。
文摘以温州市典型住宅区非点源污染为对象,基于SWMM(storm water management model)模型的模拟机理,借鉴国内外相关研究的模型参数,结合降雨径流实测数据率定模型参数,将模型"本地化",构建了基于SWMM模型的研究区非点源污染负荷计算模型,并设计了4种不同降雨情景,分析在不同降雨条件下研究区非点源污染固体悬浮物(TSS)、CODCr、TN和TP的污染负荷量及其累积变化过程.结果表明,构建的SWMM模型的模拟值可以较好地与实测值相吻合,4种污染物模拟的相对误差均小于10%.在设计的4种降雨情景下:①污染物浓度峰值出现在降雨30～40 min内,降雨强度越大,出现浓度峰值的时间越早;②高强度降雨较低强度降雨可对受纳水体造成更大的污染.
