Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected ...Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected sweet potato leaves in the Shandong(designated as SPV2-SDYT,GenBank No.PQ855660.1)and Jiangsu(designated as SPV2-JSXZ,GenBank No.PQ855661.1)provinces in China were obtained using 5′RACE and RT-PCR amplification.Consistency,phylogeny,codon usage bias,recombination,and selection pressure analyses were conducted using the SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ genome sequences.The complete genome sequences of SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ were 10561 nucleotides(nt)in length,with respective nucleotide and amino acid identities of 99.25%and 99.12%,respectively.Both isolates were closely related to the SPV2 isolate from China(SPV2-LN).In both SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ,the identity of the P1 protein was the highest,whereas that of the P3 protein was the lowest.There were 26 codons with relatively synonymous codon usage(RSCU)values greater than 1 in SPV2-SDYT and 27 codons with RSCU values greater than 1 in SPV2-JSXZ.High-frequency codons in their genomes were predominantly found to end with A/U.Recombination analysis revealed no major recombination sites in either SPV2-SDYT or SPV2-JSXZ.Further selection pressure analysis showed that the non-synonymous substitution rate/synonymous substitution rate(dN/dS)value of all 10 SPV2 proteins was less than 1.This is the first report on the evolutionary relationships of the 17 known SPV2 isolates.Our findings lay the molecular groundwork for preventing and controlling SPV2 infection in root-tuber crops.These findings also contribute to our understanding of the spread and evolution of SPV2,its pathogenic mechanisms,and the development of antiviral strategies against it.展开更多
SWEET(sugars will eventually be exported transporters)基因广泛存在于植物、动物和微生物中,在细胞膜或者细胞器膜形成跨膜孔道,协助糖类物质完成跨膜运输。拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因属于SWEET基因家族CladeⅠ分支。通过表达谱数据分析...SWEET(sugars will eventually be exported transporters)基因广泛存在于植物、动物和微生物中,在细胞膜或者细胞器膜形成跨膜孔道,协助糖类物质完成跨膜运输。拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因属于SWEET基因家族CladeⅠ分支。通过表达谱数据分析发现,SWEET1基因在花器官优先表达,SWEET2基因在营养生长和生殖生长期均有表达,SWEET3基因在花中表达。三个基因在体外鉴定具有葡萄糖转运活性,但由于缺少功能缺失的突变体和功能冗余,它们的生理功能仍不清楚。通过CRISPR/Cas9系统在SWEET1/2/3基因中创建了靶向突变,鉴定获得了sweet1、sweet1/2、sweet3和sweet1/2/3突变体。突变体在营养生长过程中表型与野生型相同,但它们的角果长度显著短于野生型的角果。在高浓度葡萄糖培养基上,sweet1、sweet1/2和sweet1/2/3突变体对葡萄糖敏感,其特征是根更短,高度严重降低,表明SWEET1/2/3基因在葡萄糖信号中具有功能。对葡萄糖信号通路中关键基因的进一步分析发现,HXK1、KIN10和KIN11在野生型和突变体之间转录和翻译水平没有显著差异。结果表明,拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因在葡萄糖信号传导和调节角果的发育中起着重要作用。展开更多
The changes of kernel nutritive components and seed vigor in F1 seeds of sh2 sweet corn during seed development stage were investigated and the relationships between them were analyzed by time series regression (TSR) ...The changes of kernel nutritive components and seed vigor in F1 seeds of sh2 sweet corn during seed development stage were investigated and the relationships between them were analyzed by time series regression (TSR) analysis. The results show that total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents gradually declined, while starch and soluble protein contents increased throughout the seed development stages. Germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index gradually increased along with seed development and reached the highest levels at 38 d after pollination (DAP). The TSR showed that, during 14 to 42 DAP, total soluble sugar content was independent of the vigor parameters determined in present experiment, while the reducing sugar content had a significant effect on seed vigor. TSR equations between seed reducing sugar and seed vigor were also developed. There were negative correlations between the seed reducing sugar content and the germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index, respectively. It is suggested that the seed germination, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index could be predicted by the content of reducing sugar in sweet corn seeds during seed development stages.展开更多
基金Funding Statement:This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100132)Shandong Province Natural Sciences Foundation of China(ZR2021QC008)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Team Program'in College of Shandong Province of China(2022KJ119)supported by Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QT085).
文摘Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected sweet potato leaves in the Shandong(designated as SPV2-SDYT,GenBank No.PQ855660.1)and Jiangsu(designated as SPV2-JSXZ,GenBank No.PQ855661.1)provinces in China were obtained using 5′RACE and RT-PCR amplification.Consistency,phylogeny,codon usage bias,recombination,and selection pressure analyses were conducted using the SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ genome sequences.The complete genome sequences of SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ were 10561 nucleotides(nt)in length,with respective nucleotide and amino acid identities of 99.25%and 99.12%,respectively.Both isolates were closely related to the SPV2 isolate from China(SPV2-LN).In both SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ,the identity of the P1 protein was the highest,whereas that of the P3 protein was the lowest.There were 26 codons with relatively synonymous codon usage(RSCU)values greater than 1 in SPV2-SDYT and 27 codons with RSCU values greater than 1 in SPV2-JSXZ.High-frequency codons in their genomes were predominantly found to end with A/U.Recombination analysis revealed no major recombination sites in either SPV2-SDYT or SPV2-JSXZ.Further selection pressure analysis showed that the non-synonymous substitution rate/synonymous substitution rate(dN/dS)value of all 10 SPV2 proteins was less than 1.This is the first report on the evolutionary relationships of the 17 known SPV2 isolates.Our findings lay the molecular groundwork for preventing and controlling SPV2 infection in root-tuber crops.These findings also contribute to our understanding of the spread and evolution of SPV2,its pathogenic mechanisms,and the development of antiviral strategies against it.
文摘SWEET(sugars will eventually be exported transporters)基因广泛存在于植物、动物和微生物中,在细胞膜或者细胞器膜形成跨膜孔道,协助糖类物质完成跨膜运输。拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因属于SWEET基因家族CladeⅠ分支。通过表达谱数据分析发现,SWEET1基因在花器官优先表达,SWEET2基因在营养生长和生殖生长期均有表达,SWEET3基因在花中表达。三个基因在体外鉴定具有葡萄糖转运活性,但由于缺少功能缺失的突变体和功能冗余,它们的生理功能仍不清楚。通过CRISPR/Cas9系统在SWEET1/2/3基因中创建了靶向突变,鉴定获得了sweet1、sweet1/2、sweet3和sweet1/2/3突变体。突变体在营养生长过程中表型与野生型相同,但它们的角果长度显著短于野生型的角果。在高浓度葡萄糖培养基上,sweet1、sweet1/2和sweet1/2/3突变体对葡萄糖敏感,其特征是根更短,高度严重降低,表明SWEET1/2/3基因在葡萄糖信号中具有功能。对葡萄糖信号通路中关键基因的进一步分析发现,HXK1、KIN10和KIN11在野生型和突变体之间转录和翻译水平没有显著差异。结果表明,拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因在葡萄糖信号传导和调节角果的发育中起着重要作用。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30370911)Education Department of Zhejiang Prov-ince, China (No. 20070147)
文摘The changes of kernel nutritive components and seed vigor in F1 seeds of sh2 sweet corn during seed development stage were investigated and the relationships between them were analyzed by time series regression (TSR) analysis. The results show that total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents gradually declined, while starch and soluble protein contents increased throughout the seed development stages. Germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index gradually increased along with seed development and reached the highest levels at 38 d after pollination (DAP). The TSR showed that, during 14 to 42 DAP, total soluble sugar content was independent of the vigor parameters determined in present experiment, while the reducing sugar content had a significant effect on seed vigor. TSR equations between seed reducing sugar and seed vigor were also developed. There were negative correlations between the seed reducing sugar content and the germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index, respectively. It is suggested that the seed germination, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index could be predicted by the content of reducing sugar in sweet corn seeds during seed development stages.
