In the wheat-cotton intercropping system, total 6 sowing rates （187.5, 225.0, 262.5, 300.0, 337.5 and 375.0 kg/hm2） were arranged, and the effects of sowing rate on marginal superiority and yield of wheat were inves...In the wheat-cotton intercropping system, total 6 sowing rates （187.5, 225.0, 262.5, 300.0, 337.5 and 375.0 kg/hm2） were arranged, and the effects of sowing rate on marginal superiority and yield of wheat were investigated. The re- sults showed that the effect of sowing rate on inner-line wheat was greater than that on side-line wheat; with the increased sowing rate, the marginal superiority of panicle number was reduced in overall, and the difference in panicle number be- tween inner and side lines was decreased from 9.0×10^5/hm2 （sowing rate of 187.5 kg/hm2） to 7.8×10^5/hm2 （sowing rate of 375.0 kg/hm2）; the marginal superiority of grains per spike was increased first and then reduced, and the largest difference in grains per spike between the inner and side lines reached 4.6 under the sowing rate of 300.0 kg/hm2; the marginal superiority of 1 000-grain weight and yield was gradually increased, and the largest difference in 1 000-grain weight between the inner and side lines reached 3.9 g under the sowing rate of 337.5 kg/hm2, and in yield reached 3 136.5 kg/hm2under the sowing rate of 375.0 kg/hm2. The effects of sowing rate on the three yield factors of intercropped wheat ranked as panicle number 〉 grains per spike 〉 1 000-grain weight. The appropriate sowing rate of wheat was 225.0-262.0 kg/hm2 in the wheat-cotton intercropping system.展开更多
In wheat-cotton intercropping system,the spike number per unit area,grains per spike,thousand-grain weight and yield of side line and inner line were investigated in six wheat varieties to study the marginal superiori...In wheat-cotton intercropping system,the spike number per unit area,grains per spike,thousand-grain weight and yield of side line and inner line were investigated in six wheat varieties to study the marginal superiority and select suitable wheat varieties intercropped with cotton.The results showed that Xingmai No.4had obvious marginal superiority with the yield of 6 919.0 kg/hm2,so it was the suitable variety for wheat-cotton intercropping system.展开更多
With F1 of self pollinated Eucalyptus urophylla, F1 of inter tree pollinated E.urophylla, F1of open pollinated E.urophylla and F1 of E.urophylla×grandis as materials,inbreeding depression and hy...With F1 of self pollinated Eucalyptus urophylla, F1 of inter tree pollinated E.urophylla, F1of open pollinated E.urophylla and F1 of E.urophylla×grandis as materials,inbreeding depression and hybrid superiority in growth and wood traits are analyzed and discussed.The results are as follows.①There was a regularity for E.urophylla that F1 of self pollinated was subjected to more intense depression than F1 of open pollinated,and growth traits showed more signifcant depression than wood traits.②As to F1 of self pollinated E.urophylla, height,DBH and volume showed significant or extremely significant depression,while water content of green wood,wood density and bark thickness showed no significant depression.③As to F1 of open pollinated E.urophylla, height,DBH and volume showed depression to a certain degree,but not significant;Here again,water content of green wood,wood density and bark thickness showed no significant depression.④F1 of E.urophylla×grandis showed significant hybrid superiority in height,DBH and volume,but the hybrid superiority percentage of different cross pairs varied greatly;It showed no hybrid superiority in water content of green wood,wood density and fiber length;Its bark thickness and content of 1% NaOH extractives decreased evidently.展开更多
To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in t...To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in the central Jilin Province were used as the research units to calculate agricultural development level and transport superiority degree using the entropy weighting method,weighted travel time and raster cost distance.The spatial econometric model was used to analyze the mechanism of the mutual influence between the two.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Agricultural development level around Changchun,the provincial capital city,and in the areas of Changchun-Jilin and Changchun-Gongzhuling is high,whereas the development level of the counties in the southwest is low.2)Transport superiority degree of each county has improved,the overall connectivity of the road networks has been optimized,and the level of transportation accessibility has shown the development trend of‘centralization’,exhibiting the characteristics of proximity diffusion.3)Locally,there is spatial heterogeneity in the mutual driving effects of the two,with six main patterns.4)The theoretical conditions of von Thunen’s agricultural location have changed under the conditions of market economy due to the improvement of the transport networks,the new model of agricultural development,and the changes of the market system.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group ...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group superiority clinical trial included 130 patients.The combined treatment group received Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone treatment,and the control group received eszopiclone treatment only.The group allocation ratio was 1∶1.The duration of treatment was 2 weeks.Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before treatment,after 1 week of the intervention,after 2 weeks of the intervention,and at the follow-up on week 3.The primary outcomes were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score and the total effective rate of treatment.The secondary outcome was the rate of adverse effects.RESULTS:Compared with the eszopiclone treatment group,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower after 2 weeks of the intervention(6.98 vs 8.26,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the mean PSQI score after 1 week of the intervention(9.89 vs 9.15,P=0.124).After the follow-up on week 3,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group remained significantly lower than that of the eszopiclone treatment group(6.12 vs 8.31,P<0.001).The total effective rates of treatment of the combined group and the eszopiclone group were 36.92%vs 35.38%(Z=0.033,P=0.855)after 1 week of the intervention,83.08%vs 58.46%(Z=9.519,P<0.05)after 2 weeks of the intervention,and 83.08%vs 61.54%(Z=7.530,P<0.05)and after the follow-up on week 3,respectively.There was no significant difference in the overall rate of adverse reactions between the combined and eszopiclone treatment groups(21.53%vs 31.8%,P=0.318).CONCLUSION:The combination of Zhumian Tang formula granules with eszopiclone was found to be safe and more effective in improving sleep quality than eszopiclone alone.Traditional Chinese medicine can enhance the effectiveness of Western medicine in the treatment of insomnia.展开更多
Relationship between transport superiority degree and urbanization is not quantified enough in recent researches.Combined with coupling model and coupling coordination model,the spatial analysis technique was applied ...Relationship between transport superiority degree and urbanization is not quantified enough in recent researches.Combined with coupling model and coupling coordination model,the spatial analysis technique was applied to quantitatively analyzing the relationship between transport superiority degree and comprehensive urbanization in eighteen prefecture-level cities in Sichuan from 2000 to 2011. An evaluation index system was constructed,and index weights were obtained using the variation coefficient method. The traffic volume was found to be the main factor contributing to transport superiority degree, and space urbanization was the primary factor influencing comprehensive urbanization. The coupling degree between transport superiority degree and urbanization( CU) was generally higher than the coupling coordination degree( DU) in 2000-2011. DUvaried more significantly than CU. In 2011, Sichuan was divided into five regional types. Based on the above observations, targeted recommendations were developed.展开更多
The Most Dangerous Game is a highly-trimmed short story,with well-knitted plot,deep-carved characters,suspense,symbols,ironies,etc.Beyond its elaborate form,it conveys far-reaching social and cultural values.This pape...The Most Dangerous Game is a highly-trimmed short story,with well-knitted plot,deep-carved characters,suspense,symbols,ironies,etc.Beyond its elaborate form,it conveys far-reaching social and cultural values.This paper is an attempt to appreciate the story inside out,in which structural approach and cultural approach are employed.Parallels and contrasts in structure and the unique shifts and gaps in its narration are highlighted to explore the tradition of reason superiority in western culture and the doom it has brought to the world and to the people concerned.The First World War is the fighting between rational beings.Rationality,when brought to extremes,may lead to irrationality.The image of General Zaroff is a reflection of modern westerner who boasts to be rational being while killing his fellow beings in bloody wars.展开更多
Based on Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi,traditional Chinese medicine has used mixtures of naturally occurring herbs for more than 2000 years.Since the last century,advances in omics and cell biology have greatly impacted on the inc...Based on Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi,traditional Chinese medicine has used mixtures of naturally occurring herbs for more than 2000 years.Since the last century,advances in omics and cell biology have greatly impacted on the increasing use of drug combination in modern medicine.The enhanced understanding of the biology of a disease as a disturbed system of interconnected molecular pathways which are more susceptible to the simultaneous action of several drugs,provides new opportunities for the rational development of combination therapies.Combination therapies exploit the chances for better efficacy,decreased toxicity,and reduced development of drug resistance and owing to these advantages,have become a standard for the treatment of several diseases and continue to represent a promising approach in indications of unmet medical need.展开更多
Terrain slope and climate zone(heat zone)are important factors affecting land use zoning and agricultural production layout in mountainous areas.Using"weight grade method",a quantitative index of comprehensi...Terrain slope and climate zone(heat zone)are important factors affecting land use zoning and agricultural production layout in mountainous areas.Using"weight grade method",a quantitative index of comprehensively evaluating terrain slope and climatic(thermal)conditions in mountainous areas was proposed:terrain-climate superiority degree(TCSD),and TCSD,terrain superiority degree(TSD),and climate superiority degree(CSD)in 129 counties(cities and districts)of Yunnan Province were measured and analyzed.The results showed that TCSD in 50.39%of counties of Yunnan Province was relatively better(levels I and II),and TCSD in 38.76%of counties was moderate(level III),while TCSD in 10.85%of counties was relatively poorer(levels IV and V).展开更多
The market share between China Mobile and China Unicom has stabilized since 2002. It is found that China Mobile has the superiority in the competition, for example, the scissors movement between its revenue and cost i...The market share between China Mobile and China Unicom has stabilized since 2002. It is found that China Mobile has the superiority in the competition, for example, the scissors movement between its revenue and cost indicates that it has a strong profit generating ability and there is enough room for it to reduce the price. The ratio between its price （marginal income） and marginal cost indicates that there is a very distant limit for it to reduce the price. Its demand is obviously flexible with the price, but it does not use the price weapon abundantly. The reason for the stabilization of the market is that China Mobile withdrew from the competition.展开更多
Using a sample of Chinese security analysts’recommendations from 2005 to2010,we examine the source of analysts’superiority and the investment value of their recommendations.Using a calendar-time portfolio approach,w...Using a sample of Chinese security analysts’recommendations from 2005 to2010,we examine the source of analysts’superiority and the investment value of their recommendations.Using a calendar-time portfolio approach,we find that,on average,analysts’recommendations are valuable and that analysts are better at analyzing and transferring firm-specific information than market-wide or industry-level information.In addition,we show that the investment value of recommendations increases as firm-specific information becomes more important in stock pricing.Our empirical results are useful in guiding investors and helping brokerage houses to evaluate the output of research departments.展开更多
Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle...Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle to accurately capture microstructural changes.Various diffusion models have been used to study white matter in systemic lupus erythematosus;however,comparative analyses of their sensitivity and specificity for detecting microstructural changes remain insufficient.To address this,our team designed a diagnostic trial that used multimodal diffusion imaging techniques to observe white matter microstructural changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with an aim to identify key diagnostic biomarkers for these patients.Patients with active lupus who received treatment at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,from September 2023 to March 2024 were recruited.According to the standards of the American College of Rheumatology,patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the systemic lupus erythematosus group,whereas those without neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the non-systemic lupus erythematosus group.Additionally,healthy volunteers matched by region,sex,and age were recruited as controls.All three groups underwent the same diffusion magnetic resonance imaging examination protocol to compare differences in diffusion parameters.Advanced diffusion imaging models were able to sensitively detect microstructural changes in the white matter fibers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with specific diffusion parameters showing significant abnormalities in key brain regions.In the left superior longitudinal fasciculus subregion and the right thalamic radiations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,we also identified abnormal diffusion characteristics that were clearly correlated with disease activity,suggesting that microstructural changes in these areas may reflect the dynamic process of neuroinflammatory damage.The present study addresses critical challenges in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus by identifying specific white matter imaging biomarkers and elucidating the association between microstructural damage and clinical manifestations.The main contributions of our study include:1)establishing axial regression probability parameters from mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging as sensitive biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus,particularly in the third subregion of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus;2)demonstrating that multimodal diffusion imaging may be superior to conventional diffusion tensor imaging for detecting white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus;and 3)integrating tract-based spatial statistics with clinically relevant analyses to link imaging findings to pathological mechanisms.展开更多
Bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyesters offer significant promise for reducing energy and environmental crises.However,their intrinsic flammability remains a critical limitation,and conventional flame-retardan...Bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyesters offer significant promise for reducing energy and environmental crises.However,their intrinsic flammability remains a critical limitation,and conventional flame-retardant strategies often compromise their mechanical properties,hindering their practical applications.Herein,a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO)-based comonomer(DDP)was used to synthesize flame-retardant poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate-co-phosphaphenanthrene)(PEFDn).The covalent integration of DDP confers intrinsic flame retardancy,avoiding the plasticization and migration issues associated with additive-type systems.Upon thermal decomposition,the DOPO-derived moieties release phosphoric acid and radical scavengers,promoting char formation and suppressing flame propagation.Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations combined with non-covalent interaction(NCI)analysis revealed that DOPO dimer molecules adopt a stable parallel-displaced π-π stacking configu ration,potentially facilitating microphase separation and enhancing the energy dissipation capability.PEFD_(10)achieves a UL-94 V-0 rating while simultaneously increasing impact toughness from 1.5 kJ/m^(2) to 14.7 kJ/m^(2).Im portantly,PEFDn maintained acceptable oxygen-barrier properties.PEFD10 also exhibited high transparency and UV-shielding performance.The combination of intrinsic flame safety,im pact-toughness resistance,UV shielding,and an oxygen barrier ensures reliable protection of electrical components and long-term operational stability.The integration of multiple critical properties within a single bio-based material represents a novel approach fo r enabling sustainable polymer solutions for high-pe rformance electrical applications.展开更多
Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,...Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,cluster-randomized,crossover trial,we assigned hospitals in Ontario,Canada,to use either lactated Ringer's solution or normal saline hospital-wide for a period of 12 weeks.展开更多
A novel method based on mid-frequency vibration is proposed to eliminate coating defects such as bubbles during electroless nickel plating.An automated control system for the plating,enabling precise and stable measur...A novel method based on mid-frequency vibration is proposed to eliminate coating defects such as bubbles during electroless nickel plating.An automated control system for the plating,enabling precise and stable measurements and adjustments of critical parameters such as plating solution temperature,pH,and nickel ion concentration,is also established,which significantly improves process efficiency and coating quality.Experimental results indicate that the system is capable of realizing stable operation over extended periods.A nonporous nickel-phosphorus coating with a thickness greater than 200μm is successfully obtained,with high phosphorus content,robust adhesion,and superior machinability.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2013BAD05B00)~~
文摘In the wheat-cotton intercropping system, total 6 sowing rates （187.5, 225.0, 262.5, 300.0, 337.5 and 375.0 kg/hm2） were arranged, and the effects of sowing rate on marginal superiority and yield of wheat were investigated. The re- sults showed that the effect of sowing rate on inner-line wheat was greater than that on side-line wheat; with the increased sowing rate, the marginal superiority of panicle number was reduced in overall, and the difference in panicle number be- tween inner and side lines was decreased from 9.0×10^5/hm2 （sowing rate of 187.5 kg/hm2） to 7.8×10^5/hm2 （sowing rate of 375.0 kg/hm2）; the marginal superiority of grains per spike was increased first and then reduced, and the largest difference in grains per spike between the inner and side lines reached 4.6 under the sowing rate of 300.0 kg/hm2; the marginal superiority of 1 000-grain weight and yield was gradually increased, and the largest difference in 1 000-grain weight between the inner and side lines reached 3.9 g under the sowing rate of 337.5 kg/hm2, and in yield reached 3 136.5 kg/hm2under the sowing rate of 375.0 kg/hm2. The effects of sowing rate on the three yield factors of intercropped wheat ranked as panicle number 〉 grains per spike 〉 1 000-grain weight. The appropriate sowing rate of wheat was 225.0-262.0 kg/hm2 in the wheat-cotton intercropping system.
文摘In wheat-cotton intercropping system,the spike number per unit area,grains per spike,thousand-grain weight and yield of side line and inner line were investigated in six wheat varieties to study the marginal superiority and select suitable wheat varieties intercropped with cotton.The results showed that Xingmai No.4had obvious marginal superiority with the yield of 6 919.0 kg/hm2,so it was the suitable variety for wheat-cotton intercropping system.
文摘With F1 of self pollinated Eucalyptus urophylla, F1 of inter tree pollinated E.urophylla, F1of open pollinated E.urophylla and F1 of E.urophylla×grandis as materials,inbreeding depression and hybrid superiority in growth and wood traits are analyzed and discussed.The results are as follows.①There was a regularity for E.urophylla that F1 of self pollinated was subjected to more intense depression than F1 of open pollinated,and growth traits showed more signifcant depression than wood traits.②As to F1 of self pollinated E.urophylla, height,DBH and volume showed significant or extremely significant depression,while water content of green wood,wood density and bark thickness showed no significant depression.③As to F1 of open pollinated E.urophylla, height,DBH and volume showed depression to a certain degree,but not significant;Here again,water content of green wood,wood density and bark thickness showed no significant depression.④F1 of E.urophylla×grandis showed significant hybrid superiority in height,DBH and volume,but the hybrid superiority percentage of different cross pairs varied greatly;It showed no hybrid superiority in water content of green wood,wood density and fiber length;Its bark thickness and content of 1% NaOH extractives decreased evidently.
基金Under the auspices of Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA19040500)。
文摘To investigate the spatial synergy between agricultural development level and transport superiority degree in grain-producing areas of the central Jilin Province and the driving mechanism between them,22 counties in the central Jilin Province were used as the research units to calculate agricultural development level and transport superiority degree using the entropy weighting method,weighted travel time and raster cost distance.The spatial econometric model was used to analyze the mechanism of the mutual influence between the two.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Agricultural development level around Changchun,the provincial capital city,and in the areas of Changchun-Jilin and Changchun-Gongzhuling is high,whereas the development level of the counties in the southwest is low.2)Transport superiority degree of each county has improved,the overall connectivity of the road networks has been optimized,and the level of transportation accessibility has shown the development trend of‘centralization’,exhibiting the characteristics of proximity diffusion.3)Locally,there is spatial heterogeneity in the mutual driving effects of the two,with six main patterns.4)The theoretical conditions of von Thunen’s agricultural location have changed under the conditions of market economy due to the improvement of the transport networks,the new model of agricultural development,and the changes of the market system.
基金Supported by Sichuan Province Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Special Project:a Study of the Chinese and Western Medicine Clinical Consensus Program for People with Poor Sleep Quality(No.2021ZYD0109)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province:Study on the Efficacy and Mechanism of Acupuncture in Treating Drug-dependent Insomnia from the Liver based on Multi-modal f MRI Technology(No.2022NSFSC0858)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhumian Tang formula granules(助眠汤配方颗粒)combined with eszopiclone for treating poor sleep quality.METHODS:This multi-center,dynamic blockrandomized,parallel-group superiority clinical trial included 130 patients.The combined treatment group received Zhumian Tang formula granules combined with eszopiclone treatment,and the control group received eszopiclone treatment only.The group allocation ratio was 1∶1.The duration of treatment was 2 weeks.Participants were asked to complete questionnaires before treatment,after 1 week of the intervention,after 2 weeks of the intervention,and at the follow-up on week 3.The primary outcomes were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score and the total effective rate of treatment.The secondary outcome was the rate of adverse effects.RESULTS:Compared with the eszopiclone treatment group,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower after 2 weeks of the intervention(6.98 vs 8.26,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the mean PSQI score after 1 week of the intervention(9.89 vs 9.15,P=0.124).After the follow-up on week 3,the PSQI score of the combined treatment group remained significantly lower than that of the eszopiclone treatment group(6.12 vs 8.31,P<0.001).The total effective rates of treatment of the combined group and the eszopiclone group were 36.92%vs 35.38%(Z=0.033,P=0.855)after 1 week of the intervention,83.08%vs 58.46%(Z=9.519,P<0.05)after 2 weeks of the intervention,and 83.08%vs 61.54%(Z=7.530,P<0.05)and after the follow-up on week 3,respectively.There was no significant difference in the overall rate of adverse reactions between the combined and eszopiclone treatment groups(21.53%vs 31.8%,P=0.318).CONCLUSION:The combination of Zhumian Tang formula granules with eszopiclone was found to be safe and more effective in improving sleep quality than eszopiclone alone.Traditional Chinese medicine can enhance the effectiveness of Western medicine in the treatment of insomnia.
基金Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-EW-317)Directional Project of Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.SDS-135-1204-04)
文摘Relationship between transport superiority degree and urbanization is not quantified enough in recent researches.Combined with coupling model and coupling coordination model,the spatial analysis technique was applied to quantitatively analyzing the relationship between transport superiority degree and comprehensive urbanization in eighteen prefecture-level cities in Sichuan from 2000 to 2011. An evaluation index system was constructed,and index weights were obtained using the variation coefficient method. The traffic volume was found to be the main factor contributing to transport superiority degree, and space urbanization was the primary factor influencing comprehensive urbanization. The coupling degree between transport superiority degree and urbanization( CU) was generally higher than the coupling coordination degree( DU) in 2000-2011. DUvaried more significantly than CU. In 2011, Sichuan was divided into five regional types. Based on the above observations, targeted recommendations were developed.
文摘The Most Dangerous Game is a highly-trimmed short story,with well-knitted plot,deep-carved characters,suspense,symbols,ironies,etc.Beyond its elaborate form,it conveys far-reaching social and cultural values.This paper is an attempt to appreciate the story inside out,in which structural approach and cultural approach are employed.Parallels and contrasts in structure and the unique shifts and gaps in its narration are highlighted to explore the tradition of reason superiority in western culture and the doom it has brought to the world and to the people concerned.The First World War is the fighting between rational beings.Rationality,when brought to extremes,may lead to irrationality.The image of General Zaroff is a reflection of modern westerner who boasts to be rational being while killing his fellow beings in bloody wars.
文摘Based on Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi,traditional Chinese medicine has used mixtures of naturally occurring herbs for more than 2000 years.Since the last century,advances in omics and cell biology have greatly impacted on the increasing use of drug combination in modern medicine.The enhanced understanding of the biology of a disease as a disturbed system of interconnected molecular pathways which are more susceptible to the simultaneous action of several drugs,provides new opportunities for the rational development of combination therapies.Combination therapies exploit the chances for better efficacy,decreased toxicity,and reduced development of drug resistance and owing to these advantages,have become a standard for the treatment of several diseases and continue to represent a promising approach in indications of unmet medical need.
基金Graduate Program from Science Research Fund of Yunnan Department of Education(2021Y547).
文摘Terrain slope and climate zone(heat zone)are important factors affecting land use zoning and agricultural production layout in mountainous areas.Using"weight grade method",a quantitative index of comprehensively evaluating terrain slope and climatic(thermal)conditions in mountainous areas was proposed:terrain-climate superiority degree(TCSD),and TCSD,terrain superiority degree(TSD),and climate superiority degree(CSD)in 129 counties(cities and districts)of Yunnan Province were measured and analyzed.The results showed that TCSD in 50.39%of counties of Yunnan Province was relatively better(levels I and II),and TCSD in 38.76%of counties was moderate(level III),while TCSD in 10.85%of counties was relatively poorer(levels IV and V).
文摘The market share between China Mobile and China Unicom has stabilized since 2002. It is found that China Mobile has the superiority in the competition, for example, the scissors movement between its revenue and cost indicates that it has a strong profit generating ability and there is enough room for it to reduce the price. The ratio between its price （marginal income） and marginal cost indicates that there is a very distant limit for it to reduce the price. Its demand is obviously flexible with the price, but it does not use the price weapon abundantly. The reason for the stabilization of the market is that China Mobile withdrew from the competition.
基金financial support of the research project (13R21421500) sponsored by the Shanghai Science and Technology Commissionsupport from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71272221, 71402197)supported by grants from the Shanghai College of first-class discipline in the Shanghai International Studies University,the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education "Joint Construction Project" and the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education "Pilot Reform of Accounting Discipline Clustering"
文摘Using a sample of Chinese security analysts’recommendations from 2005 to2010,we examine the source of analysts’superiority and the investment value of their recommendations.Using a calendar-time portfolio approach,we find that,on average,analysts’recommendations are valuable and that analysts are better at analyzing and transferring firm-specific information than market-wide or industry-level information.In addition,we show that the investment value of recommendations increases as firm-specific information becomes more important in stock pricing.Our empirical results are useful in guiding investors and helping brokerage houses to evaluate the output of research departments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund,No.U22A20309(to PY)the Natural Science Foundation of LiaoningProvince,No.2023-MS-07(to HuL)the Unveiling Key Scientific and Technological Projects of Liaoning Province,No.2021JH1/10400051(to HuL).
文摘Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus experience neuropsychiatric symptoms.Although magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormal signals in the white matter of the brain,conventional methods often struggle to accurately capture microstructural changes.Various diffusion models have been used to study white matter in systemic lupus erythematosus;however,comparative analyses of their sensitivity and specificity for detecting microstructural changes remain insufficient.To address this,our team designed a diagnostic trial that used multimodal diffusion imaging techniques to observe white matter microstructural changes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with an aim to identify key diagnostic biomarkers for these patients.Patients with active lupus who received treatment at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,from September 2023 to March 2024 were recruited.According to the standards of the American College of Rheumatology,patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the systemic lupus erythematosus group,whereas those without neuropsychiatric symptoms were assigned to the non-systemic lupus erythematosus group.Additionally,healthy volunteers matched by region,sex,and age were recruited as controls.All three groups underwent the same diffusion magnetic resonance imaging examination protocol to compare differences in diffusion parameters.Advanced diffusion imaging models were able to sensitively detect microstructural changes in the white matter fibers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,with specific diffusion parameters showing significant abnormalities in key brain regions.In the left superior longitudinal fasciculus subregion and the right thalamic radiations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who had neuropsychiatric symptoms,we also identified abnormal diffusion characteristics that were clearly correlated with disease activity,suggesting that microstructural changes in these areas may reflect the dynamic process of neuroinflammatory damage.The present study addresses critical challenges in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus by identifying specific white matter imaging biomarkers and elucidating the association between microstructural damage and clinical manifestations.The main contributions of our study include:1)establishing axial regression probability parameters from mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging as sensitive biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus,particularly in the third subregion of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus;2)demonstrating that multimodal diffusion imaging may be superior to conventional diffusion tensor imaging for detecting white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus;and 3)integrating tract-based spatial statistics with clinically relevant analyses to link imaging findings to pathological mechanisms.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3700300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52573017 and U21B2093)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(No.2022Z200)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LY23E030005)。
文摘Bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyesters offer significant promise for reducing energy and environmental crises.However,their intrinsic flammability remains a critical limitation,and conventional flame-retardant strategies often compromise their mechanical properties,hindering their practical applications.Herein,a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO)-based comonomer(DDP)was used to synthesize flame-retardant poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate-co-phosphaphenanthrene)(PEFDn).The covalent integration of DDP confers intrinsic flame retardancy,avoiding the plasticization and migration issues associated with additive-type systems.Upon thermal decomposition,the DOPO-derived moieties release phosphoric acid and radical scavengers,promoting char formation and suppressing flame propagation.Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations combined with non-covalent interaction(NCI)analysis revealed that DOPO dimer molecules adopt a stable parallel-displaced π-π stacking configu ration,potentially facilitating microphase separation and enhancing the energy dissipation capability.PEFD_(10)achieves a UL-94 V-0 rating while simultaneously increasing impact toughness from 1.5 kJ/m^(2) to 14.7 kJ/m^(2).Im portantly,PEFDn maintained acceptable oxygen-barrier properties.PEFD10 also exhibited high transparency and UV-shielding performance.The combination of intrinsic flame safety,im pact-toughness resistance,UV shielding,and an oxygen barrier ensures reliable protection of electrical components and long-term operational stability.The integration of multiple critical properties within a single bio-based material represents a novel approach fo r enabling sustainable polymer solutions for high-pe rformance electrical applications.
文摘Background:Whether lactated Ringer's solution is clinically superior to normal saline for routine intravenous administration of fluids is uncertain.Methods:In an open-label,two-period,two-sequence,cross-sectional,cluster-randomized,crossover trial,we assigned hospitals in Ontario,Canada,to use either lactated Ringer's solution or normal saline hospital-wide for a period of 12 weeks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3407200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375462 and 52035009).
文摘A novel method based on mid-frequency vibration is proposed to eliminate coating defects such as bubbles during electroless nickel plating.An automated control system for the plating,enabling precise and stable measurements and adjustments of critical parameters such as plating solution temperature,pH,and nickel ion concentration,is also established,which significantly improves process efficiency and coating quality.Experimental results indicate that the system is capable of realizing stable operation over extended periods.A nonporous nickel-phosphorus coating with a thickness greater than 200μm is successfully obtained,with high phosphorus content,robust adhesion,and superior machinability.
