Objective:To identify the illustration of feeding patterns of stunting children using literature review method.Methods:This study was a descriptive narrative research using literature review approach to explore dietar...Objective:To identify the illustration of feeding patterns of stunting children using literature review method.Methods:This study was a descriptive narrative research using literature review approach to explore dietary habits of children with stunting problem.All the literature review processes employed Guideline Review measurement of Joanna Briggs Institute.Related ar ticles in literature were obtained from journal databases,such as Pub Med,Science Direct,Google Scholar,and Dimensions through structured research question with Patient,Exposure an interest,Outcome or response(PEO)methods.Results:This study found 2246 published ar ticles from 2018 to 2021 about children with stunting.Screening process was conducted fur ther to eliminate ar ticles with irrelevant titles and abstracts,and also the unsuitable ar ticles with the research question;hence,about 9 ar ticles were eligible to be reviewed ahead.All these ar ticles mentioned that children with irregular dietary habits would likely experience stunting.The low intake of nutritional food became the major predictor of stunting.Conclusions:Inappropriate feeding patterns and the variety of food were being the factors of stunting emergence among children<5 years of age.High consumption of carbohydrates,less animal-based protein,and misunderstanding about intake of sweetenedcondensed milk predisposed children to suffer stunting.展开更多
The ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane,caused by the bacterium Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli,is one of the major concerns to sugarcane production and breeding programs worldwide.Due to no obvious external symptoms...The ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane,caused by the bacterium Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli,is one of the major concerns to sugarcane production and breeding programs worldwide.Due to no obvious external symptoms,RSD cannot be easily detected by the growers,hence has reduced the world’s sugarcane production significantly.This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with RSD resistance and to assist in the development of linked molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding to minimize the reduction in sugarcane yield by the RSD infection.A set of 146 individuals derived from a self-crossing of CP80-1827 were evaluated for RSD resistance in a mechanically duplicated inoculated field trial from 2014 to 2017 using tissue blot immunoassay.Leveraging the genetic data and the four years phenotyping data of CP80-1827 selfing population,linkage map construction and QTL analysis were conducted based on clonal F_1 and F_2 mapping population types with GACD V.1.2 and Ici Mapping V.3.3,respectively.A total of 23 QTL associated with RSD resistance were identified,which explained 6%to13%of the phenotypic variation with the two types of software.A total of 82 disease resistance genes were identified by searching these 23 QTL regions on their corresponding regions on the Sorghum bicolor genome (44 genes),sugarcane R570 genome (20 genes),and S.spontaneum genome (18 genes),respectively.Compared with Ici Mapping V.3.3,GACD V.1.2 identified more major (6 vs.3) and stable QTL (2vs.0),and more disease resistance genes (51 vs.31),indicating GACD V.1.2 (clonal F_1 mapping type) is most likely to be more efficient than Ici Mapping (F_2 mapping type) for QTL analysis of a sefling population or clonal F_1 population in clonal species.The identified QTL controlling RSD resistance along with the associated SNP markers will assist sugarcane molecular breeding programs in combating this disease.展开更多
This study was to develop the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique for detecting the ratoon stunting disease （RSD） in virus-free seedcane seedlings. Healthy tissue culture seedlings were obtained from s...This study was to develop the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique for detecting the ratoon stunting disease （RSD） in virus-free seedcane seedlings. Healthy tissue culture seedlings were obtained from six plants of sugarcane ROC22, which had been confirmed RSD-positive by detecting the sugarcane juice, by employing the sugarcane seedlings production protocol. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect RSD pathogens in tissue culture sam- pies. The results showed that target fragment of RSD pathogens was not found in all 10 samples in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, with the Ct values of 37 - 39. The healthy tissue culture sugarcane seedlings do not carry RSD pathogens, indicating that adopting healthy seedcane seedlings production technique could thoroughly get rid of RSD pathogens.展开更多
[Objective]The study was carried out for providing good method to detect ratoon stunting disease（RSD）in virus-free seedcane of Saccharum officinarum.[Method]PCR method was used for the detection of RSD in virus-free...[Objective]The study was carried out for providing good method to detect ratoon stunting disease（RSD）in virus-free seedcane of Saccharum officinarum.[Method]PCR method was used for the detection of RSD in virus-free seedcane of sugarcane.[Result]During the different growth stages of healthy virus-free seedling including proliferation stage,rooting stage,sand culture stage and temporary planting stage,the RSD detection results were negative.PCR detection sensitivity in the present study showed that PCR could detect RSD pathogen in the solution with bacterium concentration 10-3.[Conclusion]PCR method showed a good specificity and higher sensitivity,so it was suitable for the batch detection in the production of healthy virus-free seedlings of sugarcane.展开更多
One in four children under 5 years of age in the developing world are stunted (chronically malnourished). Reducing stunting can be a challenge, especially in populous countries where families are dispersed, as is the ...One in four children under 5 years of age in the developing world are stunted (chronically malnourished). Reducing stunting can be a challenge, especially in populous countries where families are dispersed, as is the case in Indonesia. This paper describes how one government project (Indonesia’s National Nutrition Communication Campaign [NNCC]) delivered effective behavior change communications interventions that reached 40 million people. This paper focuses on four challenges that nutrition campaigns often face and provides useful lessons for similar campaigns, based on the experience of NNCC, which include the following: 1) Fully engaging stakeholders at all levels in campaign design and implementation ensured broad-based support for stunting reduction efforts;2) Pro-actively involving journalists in nutrition campaigns improved public opinion about stunting and positively influenced decision-making in policy formulation;3) Use of humorous public service announcements with limited technical information was effective in engaging priority populations;and 4) Social media (YouTube ads, web advertorials, Facebook pages, Twitter, Instagram) extended the campaign’s reach and reinforced messaging from other sources. Based on NNCC’s experience, specific recommendations are provided.展开更多
Background: Stunting in young children continues to be a major concern in developing country settings, including middle income countries like Indonesia. Early intervention is critical to prevent increased morbidity an...Background: Stunting in young children continues to be a major concern in developing country settings, including middle income countries like Indonesia. Early intervention is critical to prevent increased morbidity and mortality, lower cognitive functioning, and diminished productivity in adulthood. Mothers may benefit from knowledge and information related to stunting causes and effects. Indonesia has readily adopted a variety of platforms, which are now being used to disseminate health information. The purpose of this study was to address two related research questions: 1) What are the primary sources of Indonesian mothers’ stunting-related knowledge? 2) What factors are associated with using these various platforms to access stunting-related information? Method: Mothers (n = 745) responded to questions about demographics and the source of stunting knowledge, which included hospitals, the Internet, midwives, posyandu (community health posts), and puskesmas (public health centers). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mothers’ reported use of the three most common sources to acquire information about stunting, including posyandu, puskesmas and the Internet. Results: Eighty percent of mothers in this study sample used posyandu, 31.7% puskesmas, and 16.9% used the Internet as a source for stunting-related knowledge. For the three most common sources, factors associated with each included not accessing the other sources. Conclusions: Indonesian mothers are using a variety of platforms and services to acquire information about stunting. These sources are different one from another and each may be an important resource for disseminating health information, especially outside of urban centers. Results from this study may help to identify characteristics of Indonesian mothers who could benefit from acquiring stunting-related information in these formats. Each of these sources of information appears to be utilized by different groups of mothers. This is an important finding as it suggests that each may continue to be a resource for mothers that might not otherwise access stunting information. The Indonesian health system in rural settings has a history of support for posyandu and puskesmas. Moving forward, the Internet may also be used to improve outcomes for children of mothers that do not access information through these more traditional means.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to clarify the occurrence of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease(RSD)in Hainan sugarcane-growing areas.[Method]In 2019,270 samples of sugarcane leaves were collected from six main sugarcane-grow...[Objective]The paper was to clarify the occurrence of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease(RSD)in Hainan sugarcane-growing areas.[Method]In 2019,270 samples of sugarcane leaves were collected from six main sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province,and RSD was detected by PCR assay with specific primers.[Result]RSD was detected out in 41 out of 270 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of15.19%.The detection rates of RSD were different in six sugarcane-growing areas;the detection rate of RSD in Danzhou sugarcane-growing area was the highest of 22.00%;the detection rate of RSD in Lingao sugarcane-growing area was the lowest of 9.26%.RSD was detected out in 8 out of10 main sugarcane cultivars,among which Xintaitang 22 suffered the heaviest damage,with the positive detection rate of 45.83%;RSD had not been detected out in Zhongtang 1 and Zhongtang 2,while the positive detection rates of RSD in the remaining seven sugarcane cultivars were10.00%-31.25%.[Conclusion]RSD commonly occurs in Hainan sugarcane-growing areas.The research results provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of RSD and promotion and application of healthy virus-free sugarcane seedlings.展开更多
Background: Both the civil war in 1998 and the tsunami in 2004 in Sri Lanka resulted in a large number of orphans. Objective: To examine the effect of nutritional intervention on one-year period of stunting and/or ema...Background: Both the civil war in 1998 and the tsunami in 2004 in Sri Lanka resulted in a large number of orphans. Objective: To examine the effect of nutritional intervention on one-year period of stunting and/or emaciated status. Methods: Study setting: Twenty-eight girls aged 5 - 19 years old were in the care of Grace Girls’ Home, an orphanage for girls located in the port town of Trincomalee, Sri Lanka, at the time of the survey. Nineteen of them had two available anthropometric measurements recorded over one year of follow-up. Anthropometric measurements were obtained prior to the intervention of nutritional mentoring to the local caregivers, and one year after intervention. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated using SMART methodology. Nutritional consultancy recommended an additional 15 - 20 grams of high quality protein per day, which was given to the girls. The kitchen team was encouraged to regularly prepare a variety of pulse-based dishes, using local foods and recipes. The local palm oil, rich in saturated fatty acids, was replaced with sunflower oil, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Results: Stunting was decreased from Height to age Z-score (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−1.19 ± 0.94) to (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.90 ± 1.06) (P = 0.016), and BMI Z-score from (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.80 ± 0.79) to (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.50 ± 0.74) (P = 0.004). Conclusions: A single nutritional education intervention, culturally adapted and implemented by the local caregivers, can decrease stunting in orphans within one year.展开更多
Introduction: Despite being referred to as one of the country’s “food baskets”, 41% of children, 6 - 59 months of age in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda are stunted. Stunting is a form of chronic malnutriti...Introduction: Despite being referred to as one of the country’s “food baskets”, 41% of children, 6 - 59 months of age in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda are stunted. Stunting is a form of chronic malnutrition in which children are short for their age. In this study, we established the prevalence and determinants of stunting in one of the sub-counties in this region. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in one of the sub-counties in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda from May 26th to June 26th, 2018. A total of 372 mothers and their children were recruited using systematic sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Stunting was determined by taking child’s height or length and comparing it with child’s age. A child whose height or length for age index was less than −2 Standard Deviations (SD) was considered stunted. We used descriptive statistics to understand characteristics of mothers and multivariable logistic regression model to obtain the determinants of stunting. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 372 mothers and their children were included in this study;majority, 307 (83.0%) of the children were 6 - 24 months old and nearly half, 167 (44.9%) were stunted. We found that reserving food stock for use in the dry season (aOR = 0.23, CI = 0.08 - 0.62, p = 0.004), deworming children (aOR = 0.32, CI = 0.18 - 0.54, p = 0.001) and the family earning at least 10,000 Ushs (2.7USD) at the end of the month (aOR = 0.36, CI = 0.22 - 0.58, P = 0.001) were associated with no stunting. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of stunting among children 6 - 59 months of age. We recommend enforcing ownership of food granary by households especially during dry season, support to de-worming programs targeting children below five years of age and establishing community based income generating livelihood projects.展开更多
Background:In Zimbabwe,26.2 percent of children under five are stunted.Evidence has shown that multi-sector interventions are key to addressing stunting.Yet,practical implementation is difficult,often occurring throug...Background:In Zimbabwe,26.2 percent of children under five are stunted.Evidence has shown that multi-sector interventions are key to addressing stunting.Yet,practical implementation is difficult,often occurring through separate disjointed and uncoordinated sector actions with limited access to real time information for decision-making.Objective:To describe the design,implementation,successes,challenges and lessons learned from using a near-real time monitoring(NRTM)system as a monitoring tool for multi-sectoral community based model for stunting reduction in Zimbabwe.Methods:An open source technology was used to obtain the information needed on the multi-sectoral coordination process,provide a common platform to capture and present data on situational factors,community conditions and practices to be acted upon and thus contribute to reducing stunting.Results:Significant improvements in community data flows were noted;the system brought together several types of data,concepts,stakeholders and multi-sector energies into focused programming.Several challenges including conceptual issues,initial coordination,financial resources and missed partnership opportunities were documented.The introduction of the NRTM system resulted in improved data flows for programme monitoring and facilitated multi-sector collaboration.Conclusion:NRTM is an effective monitoring tool for the multi-sectoral community based model to reduce stunting in Zimbabwe.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosocial dysfunction of adolescents with stunted and normal height. This was a cross-sectional study using pediatric symptom checklist-17 (PSC-17), subjected to ado...The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosocial dysfunction of adolescents with stunted and normal height. This was a cross-sectional study using pediatric symptom checklist-17 (PSC-17), subjected to adolescents (age: 11 to 14 years) in Suburban, West Java Indonesia. Two variables of the subjects’ characteristics (sex and body height) were included in the multivariate analysis because the p was <0.25 (p = 0.22, p = 0.07). It was found that 53 subjects had psychosocial dysfunction (25 stunted, 4 severely stunted, and 24 normal heights) with significant comparing proportion between severely stunted and normal height (p = 0.04). In severely stunted adolescents, the risk of psychosocial dysfunction is 6.33 more than in normal stature group. Examination was done on those 53 adolescents resulted in several psychosocial disorders: 12 psychosocially low self-esteem, 12 family problems, and others ranging from other several aspect problems. Forty-one from the 53 adolescents were with psychopathology symptoms. There was psychosocial dysfunction just in adolescents with severely stunted.展开更多
Background A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes.We aimed to investigate height and body mass index(BMI)trajectories from 1975 to...Background A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes.We aimed to investigate height and body mass index(BMI)trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities.Methods A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series of nationally representative surveys in China.Height and BMI trajectories and prevalence of stunting,underweight,overweight and obesity were assessed.Results The average height level of Chinese urban children under 7 years presented a positive secular trend from 1975 to 2015;however,a slowing tendency occurred in 2005‒2015.An apparent increase was observed at the 5th,50th and 95th percentiles of BMI in urban children aged 3 years and older,with a more prominent increase at the 95th percentile.The total prevalence of stunting and underweight under 7 years was 1.4%and 2.0%,respectively.The total prevalence of overweight and obesity under 7 years was 12.6%and 4.3%,respectively,with 12.7%and 4.9%for boys,12.6%and 3.6%for girls,12.1%and 4.0%in urban areas and 13.1%and 4.5%in suburban rural areas.Conclusions The average height level of Chinese urban children has reached World Health Organization child growth standards since 2005 and presented a slowing tendency in secular trend in 2005‒2015.More attention and efforts and public health interventions should be urgently made to combat overweight and obesity among preschool children.展开更多
Background: Malnutrition, a serious public health concern, is influenced by various factors. Objective: The study aims to explore malnutrition issues among infants under five years old in Guéra Province. Methods:...Background: Malnutrition, a serious public health concern, is influenced by various factors. Objective: The study aims to explore malnutrition issues among infants under five years old in Guéra Province. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and a two-stage cluster sampling method to select participants. The study population was infants aged between 0 - 24 months. Data collection was done between June 2023 and September 2024;it included anthropometric measurements, blood analyses, and interviews. Anthropometric parameters were calculated using ENA for SMART software. Statistical analyses were performed by R Studio to investigate associations between different characteristics, using logistic regression models to identify risk factors. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The study included 377 infants in eight villages in Guéra Province, Chad. The sample was predominantly girls (55.3%), with a median age of 16 months. Most infants (94%) were mixed-fed, and only 6% were exclusively breastfed. We found that 7.3% of children were globally malnourished, with higher rates in boys 9.6%. A significant disparity existed between boys and girls in global acute malnutrition (GAM) rates, with boys having a higher prevalence of 17.9%. A substantial proportion of Infants were underweight, with males 27.4%. Stunting was prevalent 20.1%. Several factors were associated with malnutrition, including gender, feeding practices, infectious diseases, and socioeconomic factors. Diarrhea, malaria, limited access to drinking water, and early diet diversification were significantly associated with malnutrition. Conclusion: Targeted interventions are necessary to address these issues and improve the nutritional status of children in the Guéra province.展开更多
BACKGROUND Unintended pregnancy occurs when an individual or couple conceives without planning or desire,which can potentially affect a child’s physical,mental,and social well-being.This can then lead to long-term so...BACKGROUND Unintended pregnancy occurs when an individual or couple conceives without planning or desire,which can potentially affect a child’s physical,mental,and social well-being.This can then lead to long-term socioeconomic challenges for families and communities.Although its impact on child growth and development is a pressing concern,research remains limited particularly in multicenter settings.AIM To examine the long-term consequences of unintended pregnancy on the critical years of early childhood growth and development.METHODS This analytical observational study employed a case-control design and was conducted in research centers across Indonesia,encompassing those located in Central Java,Lampung,Bali,and West Nusa Tenggara.A total of 700 children aged≤5 years with histories of intended or unintended pregnancies participated.Data collection involved structured interviews and direct anthropometric and developmental assessments.Data analyses were conducted using multivariate statistics and partial least squares structural equation modeling.RESULTS Unintended pregnancy was found to have a statistically significant effect on both child growth(t=8.178;P<0.001)and child development(t=25.688;P<0.001).Key growth problems identified included underweight,undernutrition,abnormal head circumference,and stunting.Developmental challenges prominently associated with unintended pregnancy included behavioral and emotional disorders,autism spectrum disorder,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder,social and motor skill deficits,as well as visual and hearing impairments.CONCLUSION Unintended pregnancy significantly affects child growth and development,underscoring the need for early intervention,quality prenatal care,and strengthened family planning policies.展开更多
The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study...The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine(5mC)as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation in buccal swabs and its potential association with the risk of stunting and cognitive performance.The levels of 5mC were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI)was used to measure cognitive function.Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years.In this cross-sectional cohort,the prevalence of stunting was 37%in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30%in 93 children aged over two years.The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children(median,2.84;interquartile range[IQR],2.39–4.62)and children aged less than two years(median,2.81;IQR,2.53–4.62)than those in normal children(median,3.75;IQR,2.80–4.74;P-value,0.028)and children aged over four years(median,4.01;IQR,3.39–4.87;P-value<0.001),respectively.We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children,although the differences were not statistically significant.Furthermore,the levels of 5mC found in buccal swab and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.展开更多
Background and Objectives:In Indonesia,stunting is one of the most public health concerns.This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze childhood stunting risk factors in the country.Methods and Study Desi...Background and Objectives:In Indonesia,stunting is one of the most public health concerns.This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze childhood stunting risk factors in the country.Methods and Study Design:We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational(cross-sectional and longitudinal)studies on stunting risk factors published between 2010 and 2021 based on available publications in online databases of PubMed,ProQuest,EBSCO,and google scholar.The quality of the publications was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and organized according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.Publication bias was examined using Egger’s and Begg’s tests.Results:A total of 17 studies from the literature search satisfied the inclusion criteria,with 642,596 subjects.The pooled stunting prevalence was 30.9%(95%CI 25.0%-36.8%).Children born with low birth weight(POR 2.39,2.07–2.76),female(POR 1.05,1.03-1.08),and did not get the deworming program(1.10,1.07-1.12)are the primary child characteristics that contributed to stunting.Meanwhile,maternal age≥30 years(POR 2.33,2.23-2.44),preterm birth(POR 2.12,2.15-2.19),and antenatal care<4 times(POR 1.25,1.11-1.41)were among mother characteristics consistently associated with stunting.The primary household and community risk factors for stunting were food insecurity(POR 2.00,1.37-2.92),unimproved drinking water(POR 1.42,1.26-1.60),rural residence(POR 1.31,1.20-1.42),and unimproved sanitation(POR 1.27,1.12-1.44).Conclusions:A diverse range of risk factors associated with childhood stunting in Indonesia demonstrates the need to emphasize nutrition programs by scaling up to more on these determinants.展开更多
The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycle...The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.展开更多
Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to ...Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to 6 months of age to EBF until about 6 months of age, with the addition of complementary foods thereafter. This recommendation confirms that breast milk alone is sufficient to meet infants’ nutritional requirements for the first 6 months of life. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various feeding practices on the Nutritional status of infants 0 - 12-month-old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. A total of 341 nursing mothers and their infants 0 - 12 months of age were recruited. Socio-demographic factors and the different feeding habits of the children were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements. The overall proportion of infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months was 69.2% and those who were mix-fed were 30.8% in the study area. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the population was 61.0%. Among the malnourished children, 53.1% were underweight, 19.6% were wasted and 10.0% were stunted. Though not significant, the prevalence of wasting (21.0%) and underweight (58.3%) was higher among Mix-Fed (MF) children when compared to their EBF counterparts. Feeding practices affected the nutritional status of the infants. Underweight and wasting were observed among infants on Complementary Feeding (CF), although some exclusively breast-fed infants were stunted. Hence, nursing mothers should try as much as possible to practice EBF as recommended by WHO and can practice CF when the child is above six months.展开更多
Introduction: Failure to thrive (FTT) occurs when a child’s growth falls below expected standards, typically due to inadequate nutrient intake. Factors include insufficient oral intake, poor nutrient absorption, and ...Introduction: Failure to thrive (FTT) occurs when a child’s growth falls below expected standards, typically due to inadequate nutrient intake. Factors include insufficient oral intake, poor nutrient absorption, and increased metabolic demands. Previous studies have shown high malnutrition rates in hospitalized children due to illness-related metabolic demands, decreased appetite, and inadequate intake. Our objective was to assess the growth and nutritional status of children admitted to King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) and identify the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at KAUH from July to December 2022. We included children aged 2 months to 16 years, excluding those with conditions altering growth parameters. Data were collected through pediatric data sheets, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and growth was assessed using CDC growth charts. Nutritional anemia was defined as hemoglobin 16. Results: A total of 111 patients were included (56.8% male, median age 65 months). Most patients had normal height (82%) and weight (86.5%) upon admission. However, 14.4% were stunted, 11.7% were underweight, 14.4% were overweight, and 3.6% were obese. Growth impairment correlated with higher anemia rates (p = 0.042). Nutritional anemia was present in 12% of patients. No significant relation was found between breastfeeding history and growth retardation, but maternal perception of malnutrition correlated well with actual malnutrition. Conclusion: Our study found a malnutrition prevalence of 19.8%, highlighting the need for systematic nutritional screening in hospitalized children. The study’s limitations include its small sample size and specific patient population, suggesting the need for larger, multicenter studies for more generalizable results.展开更多
Objective:To assess prevalence and factors associated with soil-transmitted helminth(STH)infections among rural school children.Methods:This school-based survey applied a cross-sectional design which included children...Objective:To assess prevalence and factors associated with soil-transmitted helminth(STH)infections among rural school children.Methods:This school-based survey applied a cross-sectional design which included children aged 6-14 years enrolled in 12 elementary schools in Banjarwangi,Garut,West Java Province.Stool and blood samples were collected from 388 randomly selected students to examine the STH infections and anemia status,respectively.Anthropometric assessment was performed to profile nutritional status.A structured questionnaire was employed to collect socio-demographic and school performance data.Multivariable logistic regression models were built to assess the factors associated with STH infections in school children.Results:Among 386 schoolchildren,9.8%children were positive for one or more STH infections,predominantly Trichuris trichiura(9.0%),with males(n=23),significantly more infected than females(n=13)(5.9%vs.3.4%,P=0.04).The most infected age group was 6-10 years(n=25,6.5%).The prevalence of STH infection was significantly higher among students that practicing open defecation(n=22,5.7%)(P=0.03).The odds risk of STH infections was associated with practicing open defecation(aOR 2.54,95%CI 1.17-5.53,P=0.02).Conclusions:The findings from this study demonstrate the persistent STH transmission among children underscoring the need for sustained post-MDA intervention strategies in resource-limited settings.展开更多
文摘Objective:To identify the illustration of feeding patterns of stunting children using literature review method.Methods:This study was a descriptive narrative research using literature review approach to explore dietary habits of children with stunting problem.All the literature review processes employed Guideline Review measurement of Joanna Briggs Institute.Related ar ticles in literature were obtained from journal databases,such as Pub Med,Science Direct,Google Scholar,and Dimensions through structured research question with Patient,Exposure an interest,Outcome or response(PEO)methods.Results:This study found 2246 published ar ticles from 2018 to 2021 about children with stunting.Screening process was conducted fur ther to eliminate ar ticles with irrelevant titles and abstracts,and also the unsuitable ar ticles with the research question;hence,about 9 ar ticles were eligible to be reviewed ahead.All these ar ticles mentioned that children with irregular dietary habits would likely experience stunting.The low intake of nutritional food became the major predictor of stunting.Conclusions:Inappropriate feeding patterns and the variety of food were being the factors of stunting emergence among children<5 years of age.High consumption of carbohydrates,less animal-based protein,and misunderstanding about intake of sweetenedcondensed milk predisposed children to suffer stunting.
基金supported by Florida Sugarcane League, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 6030-21000-005-00DUSDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project 1011664。
文摘The ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane,caused by the bacterium Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli,is one of the major concerns to sugarcane production and breeding programs worldwide.Due to no obvious external symptoms,RSD cannot be easily detected by the growers,hence has reduced the world’s sugarcane production significantly.This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with RSD resistance and to assist in the development of linked molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding to minimize the reduction in sugarcane yield by the RSD infection.A set of 146 individuals derived from a self-crossing of CP80-1827 were evaluated for RSD resistance in a mechanically duplicated inoculated field trial from 2014 to 2017 using tissue blot immunoassay.Leveraging the genetic data and the four years phenotyping data of CP80-1827 selfing population,linkage map construction and QTL analysis were conducted based on clonal F_1 and F_2 mapping population types with GACD V.1.2 and Ici Mapping V.3.3,respectively.A total of 23 QTL associated with RSD resistance were identified,which explained 6%to13%of the phenotypic variation with the two types of software.A total of 82 disease resistance genes were identified by searching these 23 QTL regions on their corresponding regions on the Sorghum bicolor genome (44 genes),sugarcane R570 genome (20 genes),and S.spontaneum genome (18 genes),respectively.Compared with Ici Mapping V.3.3,GACD V.1.2 identified more major (6 vs.3) and stable QTL (2vs.0),and more disease resistance genes (51 vs.31),indicating GACD V.1.2 (clonal F_1 mapping type) is most likely to be more efficient than Ici Mapping (F_2 mapping type) for QTL analysis of a sefling population or clonal F_1 population in clonal species.The identified QTL controlling RSD resistance along with the associated SNP markers will assist sugarcane molecular breeding programs in combating this disease.
基金Supported by Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research of Guangxi Sugarcane Research Institute(G2009006,G2010006,G2009015)Sci-tech Research and Development Program of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(200805)
文摘This study was to develop the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique for detecting the ratoon stunting disease （RSD） in virus-free seedcane seedlings. Healthy tissue culture seedlings were obtained from six plants of sugarcane ROC22, which had been confirmed RSD-positive by detecting the sugarcane juice, by employing the sugarcane seedlings production protocol. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect RSD pathogens in tissue culture sam- pies. The results showed that target fragment of RSD pathogens was not found in all 10 samples in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, with the Ct values of 37 - 39. The healthy tissue culture sugarcane seedlings do not carry RSD pathogens, indicating that adopting healthy seedcane seedlings production technique could thoroughly get rid of RSD pathogens.
基金Supported by Basic Research Found of Guangxi Sugarcane Institute(G2009006)~~
文摘[Objective]The study was carried out for providing good method to detect ratoon stunting disease（RSD）in virus-free seedcane of Saccharum officinarum.[Method]PCR method was used for the detection of RSD in virus-free seedcane of sugarcane.[Result]During the different growth stages of healthy virus-free seedling including proliferation stage,rooting stage,sand culture stage and temporary planting stage,the RSD detection results were negative.PCR detection sensitivity in the present study showed that PCR could detect RSD pathogen in the solution with bacterium concentration 10-3.[Conclusion]PCR method showed a good specificity and higher sensitivity,so it was suitable for the batch detection in the production of healthy virus-free seedlings of sugarcane.
文摘One in four children under 5 years of age in the developing world are stunted (chronically malnourished). Reducing stunting can be a challenge, especially in populous countries where families are dispersed, as is the case in Indonesia. This paper describes how one government project (Indonesia’s National Nutrition Communication Campaign [NNCC]) delivered effective behavior change communications interventions that reached 40 million people. This paper focuses on four challenges that nutrition campaigns often face and provides useful lessons for similar campaigns, based on the experience of NNCC, which include the following: 1) Fully engaging stakeholders at all levels in campaign design and implementation ensured broad-based support for stunting reduction efforts;2) Pro-actively involving journalists in nutrition campaigns improved public opinion about stunting and positively influenced decision-making in policy formulation;3) Use of humorous public service announcements with limited technical information was effective in engaging priority populations;and 4) Social media (YouTube ads, web advertorials, Facebook pages, Twitter, Instagram) extended the campaign’s reach and reinforced messaging from other sources. Based on NNCC’s experience, specific recommendations are provided.
文摘Background: Stunting in young children continues to be a major concern in developing country settings, including middle income countries like Indonesia. Early intervention is critical to prevent increased morbidity and mortality, lower cognitive functioning, and diminished productivity in adulthood. Mothers may benefit from knowledge and information related to stunting causes and effects. Indonesia has readily adopted a variety of platforms, which are now being used to disseminate health information. The purpose of this study was to address two related research questions: 1) What are the primary sources of Indonesian mothers’ stunting-related knowledge? 2) What factors are associated with using these various platforms to access stunting-related information? Method: Mothers (n = 745) responded to questions about demographics and the source of stunting knowledge, which included hospitals, the Internet, midwives, posyandu (community health posts), and puskesmas (public health centers). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mothers’ reported use of the three most common sources to acquire information about stunting, including posyandu, puskesmas and the Internet. Results: Eighty percent of mothers in this study sample used posyandu, 31.7% puskesmas, and 16.9% used the Internet as a source for stunting-related knowledge. For the three most common sources, factors associated with each included not accessing the other sources. Conclusions: Indonesian mothers are using a variety of platforms and services to acquire information about stunting. These sources are different one from another and each may be an important resource for disseminating health information, especially outside of urban centers. Results from this study may help to identify characteristics of Indonesian mothers who could benefit from acquiring stunting-related information in these formats. Each of these sources of information appears to be utilized by different groups of mothers. This is an important finding as it suggests that each may continue to be a resource for mothers that might not otherwise access stunting information. The Indonesian health system in rural settings has a history of support for posyandu and puskesmas. Moving forward, the Internet may also be used to improve outcomes for children of mothers that do not access information through these more traditional means.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771865)National Sugar Industry Technology System"Scientists for Prevention and Control of Sugarcane Virus Diseases"(CARS-170301)。
文摘[Objective]The paper was to clarify the occurrence of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease(RSD)in Hainan sugarcane-growing areas.[Method]In 2019,270 samples of sugarcane leaves were collected from six main sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province,and RSD was detected by PCR assay with specific primers.[Result]RSD was detected out in 41 out of 270 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of15.19%.The detection rates of RSD were different in six sugarcane-growing areas;the detection rate of RSD in Danzhou sugarcane-growing area was the highest of 22.00%;the detection rate of RSD in Lingao sugarcane-growing area was the lowest of 9.26%.RSD was detected out in 8 out of10 main sugarcane cultivars,among which Xintaitang 22 suffered the heaviest damage,with the positive detection rate of 45.83%;RSD had not been detected out in Zhongtang 1 and Zhongtang 2,while the positive detection rates of RSD in the remaining seven sugarcane cultivars were10.00%-31.25%.[Conclusion]RSD commonly occurs in Hainan sugarcane-growing areas.The research results provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of RSD and promotion and application of healthy virus-free sugarcane seedlings.
文摘Background: Both the civil war in 1998 and the tsunami in 2004 in Sri Lanka resulted in a large number of orphans. Objective: To examine the effect of nutritional intervention on one-year period of stunting and/or emaciated status. Methods: Study setting: Twenty-eight girls aged 5 - 19 years old were in the care of Grace Girls’ Home, an orphanage for girls located in the port town of Trincomalee, Sri Lanka, at the time of the survey. Nineteen of them had two available anthropometric measurements recorded over one year of follow-up. Anthropometric measurements were obtained prior to the intervention of nutritional mentoring to the local caregivers, and one year after intervention. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated using SMART methodology. Nutritional consultancy recommended an additional 15 - 20 grams of high quality protein per day, which was given to the girls. The kitchen team was encouraged to regularly prepare a variety of pulse-based dishes, using local foods and recipes. The local palm oil, rich in saturated fatty acids, was replaced with sunflower oil, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Results: Stunting was decreased from Height to age Z-score (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−1.19 ± 0.94) to (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.90 ± 1.06) (P = 0.016), and BMI Z-score from (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.80 ± 0.79) to (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−0.50 ± 0.74) (P = 0.004). Conclusions: A single nutritional education intervention, culturally adapted and implemented by the local caregivers, can decrease stunting in orphans within one year.
文摘Introduction: Despite being referred to as one of the country’s “food baskets”, 41% of children, 6 - 59 months of age in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda are stunted. Stunting is a form of chronic malnutrition in which children are short for their age. In this study, we established the prevalence and determinants of stunting in one of the sub-counties in this region. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in one of the sub-counties in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda from May 26th to June 26th, 2018. A total of 372 mothers and their children were recruited using systematic sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Stunting was determined by taking child’s height or length and comparing it with child’s age. A child whose height or length for age index was less than −2 Standard Deviations (SD) was considered stunted. We used descriptive statistics to understand characteristics of mothers and multivariable logistic regression model to obtain the determinants of stunting. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 372 mothers and their children were included in this study;majority, 307 (83.0%) of the children were 6 - 24 months old and nearly half, 167 (44.9%) were stunted. We found that reserving food stock for use in the dry season (aOR = 0.23, CI = 0.08 - 0.62, p = 0.004), deworming children (aOR = 0.32, CI = 0.18 - 0.54, p = 0.001) and the family earning at least 10,000 Ushs (2.7USD) at the end of the month (aOR = 0.36, CI = 0.22 - 0.58, P = 0.001) were associated with no stunting. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of stunting among children 6 - 59 months of age. We recommend enforcing ownership of food granary by households especially during dry season, support to de-worming programs targeting children below five years of age and establishing community based income generating livelihood projects.
文摘Background:In Zimbabwe,26.2 percent of children under five are stunted.Evidence has shown that multi-sector interventions are key to addressing stunting.Yet,practical implementation is difficult,often occurring through separate disjointed and uncoordinated sector actions with limited access to real time information for decision-making.Objective:To describe the design,implementation,successes,challenges and lessons learned from using a near-real time monitoring(NRTM)system as a monitoring tool for multi-sectoral community based model for stunting reduction in Zimbabwe.Methods:An open source technology was used to obtain the information needed on the multi-sectoral coordination process,provide a common platform to capture and present data on situational factors,community conditions and practices to be acted upon and thus contribute to reducing stunting.Results:Significant improvements in community data flows were noted;the system brought together several types of data,concepts,stakeholders and multi-sector energies into focused programming.Several challenges including conceptual issues,initial coordination,financial resources and missed partnership opportunities were documented.The introduction of the NRTM system resulted in improved data flows for programme monitoring and facilitated multi-sector collaboration.Conclusion:NRTM is an effective monitoring tool for the multi-sectoral community based model to reduce stunting in Zimbabwe.
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosocial dysfunction of adolescents with stunted and normal height. This was a cross-sectional study using pediatric symptom checklist-17 (PSC-17), subjected to adolescents (age: 11 to 14 years) in Suburban, West Java Indonesia. Two variables of the subjects’ characteristics (sex and body height) were included in the multivariate analysis because the p was <0.25 (p = 0.22, p = 0.07). It was found that 53 subjects had psychosocial dysfunction (25 stunted, 4 severely stunted, and 24 normal heights) with significant comparing proportion between severely stunted and normal height (p = 0.04). In severely stunted adolescents, the risk of psychosocial dysfunction is 6.33 more than in normal stature group. Examination was done on those 53 adolescents resulted in several psychosocial disorders: 12 psychosocially low self-esteem, 12 family problems, and others ranging from other several aspect problems. Forty-one from the 53 adolescents were with psychopathology symptoms. There was psychosocial dysfunction just in adolescents with severely stunted.
基金the Maternal and Child Health Program of the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China(2015–42).
文摘Background A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes.We aimed to investigate height and body mass index(BMI)trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities.Methods A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series of nationally representative surveys in China.Height and BMI trajectories and prevalence of stunting,underweight,overweight and obesity were assessed.Results The average height level of Chinese urban children under 7 years presented a positive secular trend from 1975 to 2015;however,a slowing tendency occurred in 2005‒2015.An apparent increase was observed at the 5th,50th and 95th percentiles of BMI in urban children aged 3 years and older,with a more prominent increase at the 95th percentile.The total prevalence of stunting and underweight under 7 years was 1.4%and 2.0%,respectively.The total prevalence of overweight and obesity under 7 years was 12.6%and 4.3%,respectively,with 12.7%and 4.9%for boys,12.6%and 3.6%for girls,12.1%and 4.0%in urban areas and 13.1%and 4.5%in suburban rural areas.Conclusions The average height level of Chinese urban children has reached World Health Organization child growth standards since 2005 and presented a slowing tendency in secular trend in 2005‒2015.More attention and efforts and public health interventions should be urgently made to combat overweight and obesity among preschool children.
文摘Background: Malnutrition, a serious public health concern, is influenced by various factors. Objective: The study aims to explore malnutrition issues among infants under five years old in Guéra Province. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and a two-stage cluster sampling method to select participants. The study population was infants aged between 0 - 24 months. Data collection was done between June 2023 and September 2024;it included anthropometric measurements, blood analyses, and interviews. Anthropometric parameters were calculated using ENA for SMART software. Statistical analyses were performed by R Studio to investigate associations between different characteristics, using logistic regression models to identify risk factors. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The study included 377 infants in eight villages in Guéra Province, Chad. The sample was predominantly girls (55.3%), with a median age of 16 months. Most infants (94%) were mixed-fed, and only 6% were exclusively breastfed. We found that 7.3% of children were globally malnourished, with higher rates in boys 9.6%. A significant disparity existed between boys and girls in global acute malnutrition (GAM) rates, with boys having a higher prevalence of 17.9%. A substantial proportion of Infants were underweight, with males 27.4%. Stunting was prevalent 20.1%. Several factors were associated with malnutrition, including gender, feeding practices, infectious diseases, and socioeconomic factors. Diarrhea, malaria, limited access to drinking water, and early diet diversification were significantly associated with malnutrition. Conclusion: Targeted interventions are necessary to address these issues and improve the nutritional status of children in the Guéra province.
文摘BACKGROUND Unintended pregnancy occurs when an individual or couple conceives without planning or desire,which can potentially affect a child’s physical,mental,and social well-being.This can then lead to long-term socioeconomic challenges for families and communities.Although its impact on child growth and development is a pressing concern,research remains limited particularly in multicenter settings.AIM To examine the long-term consequences of unintended pregnancy on the critical years of early childhood growth and development.METHODS This analytical observational study employed a case-control design and was conducted in research centers across Indonesia,encompassing those located in Central Java,Lampung,Bali,and West Nusa Tenggara.A total of 700 children aged≤5 years with histories of intended or unintended pregnancies participated.Data collection involved structured interviews and direct anthropometric and developmental assessments.Data analyses were conducted using multivariate statistics and partial least squares structural equation modeling.RESULTS Unintended pregnancy was found to have a statistically significant effect on both child growth(t=8.178;P<0.001)and child development(t=25.688;P<0.001).Key growth problems identified included underweight,undernutrition,abnormal head circumference,and stunting.Developmental challenges prominently associated with unintended pregnancy included behavioral and emotional disorders,autism spectrum disorder,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder,social and motor skill deficits,as well as visual and hearing impairments.CONCLUSION Unintended pregnancy significantly affects child growth and development,underscoring the need for early intervention,quality prenatal care,and strengthened family planning policies.
基金Ministry of Education,Culture,Research,and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia through the Kedaireka 2022 Matching Fund Programme(Grant No.282/E1/KS.060.02/2022)。
文摘The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is approximately 20%.Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine(5mC)as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation in buccal swabs and its potential association with the risk of stunting and cognitive performance.The levels of 5mC were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI)was used to measure cognitive function.Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years.In this cross-sectional cohort,the prevalence of stunting was 37%in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30%in 93 children aged over two years.The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children(median,2.84;interquartile range[IQR],2.39–4.62)and children aged less than two years(median,2.81;IQR,2.53–4.62)than those in normal children(median,3.75;IQR,2.80–4.74;P-value,0.028)and children aged over four years(median,4.01;IQR,3.39–4.87;P-value<0.001),respectively.We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children,although the differences were not statistically significant.Furthermore,the levels of 5mC found in buccal swab and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.
基金funded by ADB JFPR,TA-9558 INO:Impact of Adolescent Nutrition Support on Development Outcome.
文摘Background and Objectives:In Indonesia,stunting is one of the most public health concerns.This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze childhood stunting risk factors in the country.Methods and Study Design:We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational(cross-sectional and longitudinal)studies on stunting risk factors published between 2010 and 2021 based on available publications in online databases of PubMed,ProQuest,EBSCO,and google scholar.The quality of the publications was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and organized according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.Publication bias was examined using Egger’s and Begg’s tests.Results:A total of 17 studies from the literature search satisfied the inclusion criteria,with 642,596 subjects.The pooled stunting prevalence was 30.9%(95%CI 25.0%-36.8%).Children born with low birth weight(POR 2.39,2.07–2.76),female(POR 1.05,1.03-1.08),and did not get the deworming program(1.10,1.07-1.12)are the primary child characteristics that contributed to stunting.Meanwhile,maternal age≥30 years(POR 2.33,2.23-2.44),preterm birth(POR 2.12,2.15-2.19),and antenatal care<4 times(POR 1.25,1.11-1.41)were among mother characteristics consistently associated with stunting.The primary household and community risk factors for stunting were food insecurity(POR 2.00,1.37-2.92),unimproved drinking water(POR 1.42,1.26-1.60),rural residence(POR 1.31,1.20-1.42),and unimproved sanitation(POR 1.27,1.12-1.44).Conclusions:A diverse range of risk factors associated with childhood stunting in Indonesia demonstrates the need to emphasize nutrition programs by scaling up to more on these determinants.
基金The authors are grateful for support from the National Social Science Fund of China(21AJL015).
文摘The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.
文摘Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to 6 months of age to EBF until about 6 months of age, with the addition of complementary foods thereafter. This recommendation confirms that breast milk alone is sufficient to meet infants’ nutritional requirements for the first 6 months of life. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various feeding practices on the Nutritional status of infants 0 - 12-month-old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. A total of 341 nursing mothers and their infants 0 - 12 months of age were recruited. Socio-demographic factors and the different feeding habits of the children were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements. The overall proportion of infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months was 69.2% and those who were mix-fed were 30.8% in the study area. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the population was 61.0%. Among the malnourished children, 53.1% were underweight, 19.6% were wasted and 10.0% were stunted. Though not significant, the prevalence of wasting (21.0%) and underweight (58.3%) was higher among Mix-Fed (MF) children when compared to their EBF counterparts. Feeding practices affected the nutritional status of the infants. Underweight and wasting were observed among infants on Complementary Feeding (CF), although some exclusively breast-fed infants were stunted. Hence, nursing mothers should try as much as possible to practice EBF as recommended by WHO and can practice CF when the child is above six months.
文摘Introduction: Failure to thrive (FTT) occurs when a child’s growth falls below expected standards, typically due to inadequate nutrient intake. Factors include insufficient oral intake, poor nutrient absorption, and increased metabolic demands. Previous studies have shown high malnutrition rates in hospitalized children due to illness-related metabolic demands, decreased appetite, and inadequate intake. Our objective was to assess the growth and nutritional status of children admitted to King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) and identify the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at KAUH from July to December 2022. We included children aged 2 months to 16 years, excluding those with conditions altering growth parameters. Data were collected through pediatric data sheets, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and growth was assessed using CDC growth charts. Nutritional anemia was defined as hemoglobin 16. Results: A total of 111 patients were included (56.8% male, median age 65 months). Most patients had normal height (82%) and weight (86.5%) upon admission. However, 14.4% were stunted, 11.7% were underweight, 14.4% were overweight, and 3.6% were obese. Growth impairment correlated with higher anemia rates (p = 0.042). Nutritional anemia was present in 12% of patients. No significant relation was found between breastfeeding history and growth retardation, but maternal perception of malnutrition correlated well with actual malnutrition. Conclusion: Our study found a malnutrition prevalence of 19.8%, highlighting the need for systematic nutritional screening in hospitalized children. The study’s limitations include its small sample size and specific patient population, suggesting the need for larger, multicenter studies for more generalizable results.
基金the National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia(BRIN)for generously funding this project.
文摘Objective:To assess prevalence and factors associated with soil-transmitted helminth(STH)infections among rural school children.Methods:This school-based survey applied a cross-sectional design which included children aged 6-14 years enrolled in 12 elementary schools in Banjarwangi,Garut,West Java Province.Stool and blood samples were collected from 388 randomly selected students to examine the STH infections and anemia status,respectively.Anthropometric assessment was performed to profile nutritional status.A structured questionnaire was employed to collect socio-demographic and school performance data.Multivariable logistic regression models were built to assess the factors associated with STH infections in school children.Results:Among 386 schoolchildren,9.8%children were positive for one or more STH infections,predominantly Trichuris trichiura(9.0%),with males(n=23),significantly more infected than females(n=13)(5.9%vs.3.4%,P=0.04).The most infected age group was 6-10 years(n=25,6.5%).The prevalence of STH infection was significantly higher among students that practicing open defecation(n=22,5.7%)(P=0.03).The odds risk of STH infections was associated with practicing open defecation(aOR 2.54,95%CI 1.17-5.53,P=0.02).Conclusions:The findings from this study demonstrate the persistent STH transmission among children underscoring the need for sustained post-MDA intervention strategies in resource-limited settings.
