Lodging reduces grain yield and quality in cereal crops.Lodging resistance is affected by the strength of the culm,which is influenced by the culm diameter,culm wall thickness,and cell wall composition.To explore the ...Lodging reduces grain yield and quality in cereal crops.Lodging resistance is affected by the strength of the culm,which is influenced by the culm diameter,culm wall thickness,and cell wall composition.To explore the genetic architecture of culm diameter in rice(Oryza sativa),we conducted a genome-wide association study(GWAS).We identified STRONG CULM 2(STRONG2),which encodes the mannan synthase CSLA5,and showed that plants that overexpressed this gene had increased culm diameter and improved lodging resistance.STRONG2 appears to increase the levels of cell wall components,such as mannose and cellulose,thereby enhancing sclerenchyma development in stems.SNP14931253 in the STRONG2 promoter contributes to variation in STRONG2 expression in natural germplasms and the transcription factor MYB61 directly activates STRONG2 expression.Furthermore,STRONG2 overexpressing plants produced significantly more grains per panicle and heavier grains than the wild-type plants.These results demonstrate that the MYB61-STRONG2 module positively regulates culm diameter and lodging resistance,information that could guide breeding efforts for improved yield in rice.展开更多
Recently,scrambling index and competition index are widely applied to stochastic matrices and food webs. By analyzing the relationship of scrambling index and 2-competition index,n-「d/2」+ 1 was proved to be an upper...Recently,scrambling index and competition index are widely applied to stochastic matrices and food webs. By analyzing the relationship of scrambling index and 2-competition index,n-「d/2」+ 1 was proved to be an upper bound of the 2-competition2 index of a primitive digraph with exact d loops in this article.Moreover,the maximum index problem and the index set problem for the 2-competition index of primitive digraphs with minimally strong digraphs were settled.展开更多
This paper investigates Buck＇s question about which class of spaces is strongly monotonically T2,and if other properties are combined with strongly monotonically T2,which class of spaces could be got. Based on having...This paper investigates Buck＇s question about which class of spaces is strongly monotonically T2,and if other properties are combined with strongly monotonically T2,which class of spaces could be got. Based on having a cushioned pair-base space and compact strongly monotonically T2 space,some results （Theorems 1--3） are obtained.展开更多
This paper deals with the classification of the simple higher-order symmetry-breaking bifurcation in multiparameter nonlinear problems with Z2-symmetry. The regular extended systems for computing the simple higher-ord...This paper deals with the classification of the simple higher-order symmetry-breaking bifurcation in multiparameter nonlinear problems with Z2-symmetry. The regular extended systems for computing the simple higher-order symmetry-breaking bifurcation points with different singularities are proposed. An etficient algorithm for solving the extended systems is given. Finally, some numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm.展开更多
A series of CeO2-Co3O4 mixed oxide catalysts with different Co/（Co＋Ce） atomic ratios were synthesized by citric acid sol-gel method and used for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde（HCHO）. Many techniques such as ...A series of CeO2-Co3O4 mixed oxide catalysts with different Co/（Co＋Ce） atomic ratios were synthesized by citric acid sol-gel method and used for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde（HCHO）. Many techniques such as Brumauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM）, temperature programmed reduction（H_2-TPR）, temperature-programmed desorption（O_2-TPD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） were used to characterize catalysts. The results of catalytic performance tests showed that the catalyst CeO_2-Co_3O_4 with Co/（Co＋Ce） ratio of 0.95 exhibited the best performance, and the temperature of complete oxidation of HCHO was 80 oC. The analytical results indicated that the addition of CeO_2 enhanced the specific surface area of Co_3O_4 and the fine dispersion of both of them. Moreover, the strong interaction between CeO_2 and Co_3O_4 resulted in the unique redox properties, which enhanced the available surface active oxygen and led to high valence state of cobalt oxide species. All those effects played crucial roles in the excellent performance of CeO_2-Co_3O_4 for the HCHO oxidation.展开更多
Green hydrogen is urgently required for sustainable development of human beings and rational construction of heterostructures holds great promising for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.Herein,2D/2D WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S...Green hydrogen is urgently required for sustainable development of human beings and rational construction of heterostructures holds great promising for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.Herein,2D/2D WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures with strong hetero-interface interaction and abundant contact were constructed via an impregnation-annealing strategy.Efficient charge transfer from ZnIn_(2)S_(4) to WSe_(2)was evidenced by transient absorption spectroscopy in crafted heterostructures owing to the tight and2D face-to-face contact.As a result,the prepared WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures exhibited boosted photocatalytic performance and a highest hydrogen evolution rate of 3.377 mmol/(g h)was achieved with an apparent quantum yield of 45.7%at 420 nm.The work not only provides new strategies to achieve efficient 2D/2D heterostructures but also paves the way for the development of green hydrogen in the future.展开更多
Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and...Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and strongly C2 extensions,such as trivial extensions,formal triangular matrix rings,group rings and[D,C].展开更多
A ring is said to satisfy the strong 2-sum property if every element is a sum of two commuting units.In this note,we present some sufficient or necessary conditions for the matrix ring over a commutative local ring to...A ring is said to satisfy the strong 2-sum property if every element is a sum of two commuting units.In this note,we present some sufficient or necessary conditions for the matrix ring over a commutative local ring to have the strong 2-sum property.展开更多
基金funded by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0406803)the Agro ST Project(NK2022050103)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272123 and 32072036)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(324QN358)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2024TC189)the Postdoctoral Research Projects in Hainan Province(343812)the Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory and the China National Seed Group(B23YQ1517 and B23CQ15HP)the Special Plan for Key Laboratory of“Western Light Western cross team”(xbzg-zdsys202111)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University。
文摘Lodging reduces grain yield and quality in cereal crops.Lodging resistance is affected by the strength of the culm,which is influenced by the culm diameter,culm wall thickness,and cell wall composition.To explore the genetic architecture of culm diameter in rice(Oryza sativa),we conducted a genome-wide association study(GWAS).We identified STRONG CULM 2(STRONG2),which encodes the mannan synthase CSLA5,and showed that plants that overexpressed this gene had increased culm diameter and improved lodging resistance.STRONG2 appears to increase the levels of cell wall components,such as mannose and cellulose,thereby enhancing sclerenchyma development in stems.SNP14931253 in the STRONG2 promoter contributes to variation in STRONG2 expression in natural germplasms and the transcription factor MYB61 directly activates STRONG2 expression.Furthermore,STRONG2 overexpressing plants produced significantly more grains per panicle and heavier grains than the wild-type plants.These results demonstrate that the MYB61-STRONG2 module positively regulates culm diameter and lodging resistance,information that could guide breeding efforts for improved yield in rice.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.11272100,No.50865001)
文摘Recently,scrambling index and competition index are widely applied to stochastic matrices and food webs. By analyzing the relationship of scrambling index and 2-competition index,n-「d/2」+ 1 was proved to be an upper bound of the 2-competition2 index of a primitive digraph with exact d loops in this article.Moreover,the maximum index problem and the index set problem for the 2-competition index of primitive digraphs with minimally strong digraphs were settled.
文摘This paper investigates Buck＇s question about which class of spaces is strongly monotonically T2,and if other properties are combined with strongly monotonically T2,which class of spaces could be got. Based on having a cushioned pair-base space and compact strongly monotonically T2 space,some results （Theorems 1--3） are obtained.
文摘This paper deals with the classification of the simple higher-order symmetry-breaking bifurcation in multiparameter nonlinear problems with Z2-symmetry. The regular extended systems for computing the simple higher-order symmetry-breaking bifurcation points with different singularities are proposed. An etficient algorithm for solving the extended systems is given. Finally, some numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
基金supported by the Doctoral Program of Xi'an Shiyou University(134010155)Shaanxi Provincial College Students'Inno vative Entrepreneurial Training Program(No.2016107051360 and 201610705046)
文摘A series of CeO2-Co3O4 mixed oxide catalysts with different Co/（Co＋Ce） atomic ratios were synthesized by citric acid sol-gel method and used for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde（HCHO）. Many techniques such as Brumauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM）, temperature programmed reduction（H_2-TPR）, temperature-programmed desorption（O_2-TPD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） were used to characterize catalysts. The results of catalytic performance tests showed that the catalyst CeO_2-Co_3O_4 with Co/（Co＋Ce） ratio of 0.95 exhibited the best performance, and the temperature of complete oxidation of HCHO was 80 oC. The analytical results indicated that the addition of CeO_2 enhanced the specific surface area of Co_3O_4 and the fine dispersion of both of them. Moreover, the strong interaction between CeO_2 and Co_3O_4 resulted in the unique redox properties, which enhanced the available surface active oxygen and led to high valence state of cobalt oxide species. All those effects played crucial roles in the excellent performance of CeO_2-Co_3O_4 for the HCHO oxidation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52106259)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2024MS013)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi (Program No.2022LL-JB-08)。
文摘Green hydrogen is urgently required for sustainable development of human beings and rational construction of heterostructures holds great promising for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.Herein,2D/2D WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures with strong hetero-interface interaction and abundant contact were constructed via an impregnation-annealing strategy.Efficient charge transfer from ZnIn_(2)S_(4) to WSe_(2)was evidenced by transient absorption spectroscopy in crafted heterostructures owing to the tight and2D face-to-face contact.As a result,the prepared WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures exhibited boosted photocatalytic performance and a highest hydrogen evolution rate of 3.377 mmol/(g h)was achieved with an apparent quantum yield of 45.7%at 420 nm.The work not only provides new strategies to achieve efficient 2D/2D heterostructures but also paves the way for the development of green hydrogen in the future.
文摘Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and strongly C2 extensions,such as trivial extensions,formal triangular matrix rings,group rings and[D,C].
基金This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 11661014,11661013,11961050)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2016GXNSFDA380017)a Discovery Grant from NSERC of Canada(grant no.RGPIN-2016-04706).
文摘A ring is said to satisfy the strong 2-sum property if every element is a sum of two commuting units.In this note,we present some sufficient or necessary conditions for the matrix ring over a commutative local ring to have the strong 2-sum property.
