The autoimmune response directed against pancreatic β cells is the most essential pathogenic process in type 1 diabetes(T1D)in humans.Spontaneous animal models of T1D greatly contribute to our understanding of the di...The autoimmune response directed against pancreatic β cells is the most essential pathogenic process in type 1 diabetes(T1D)in humans.Spontaneous animal models of T1D greatly contribute to our understanding of the disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options.Amongst many disease models,a significant proportion of T1D research is performed on multiple low dose streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental animals,in parallel.Here,we discuss advantages of this model for contemporary T1D research.Additionally,challenges and perspectives for further improvement of the model are presented.展开更多
Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced type I diabetes mellitus(DM)models have been pivotal in diabetes research due to their ability to mimic the insulin-dependent hyperglyce-mia akin to human type I diabetes.However,these mode...Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced type I diabetes mellitus(DM)models have been pivotal in diabetes research due to their ability to mimic the insulin-dependent hyperglyce-mia akin to human type I diabetes.However,these models often suffer from poor induction rates and low survival post-STZ induction,especially in long-term experi-ments,necessitating insulin supplementation,which introduces additional variables to experiments.To address this,we present a novel modification to the STZ-induced DM model in C57BL/6J mice to improve survival rates without insulin supplemen-tation.Our method involves non-fasting,low-dose STZ injections dissolved in pH-neutral phosphate buffer saline instead of acidic sodium citrate buffer,administered over 5 days.We observed hyperglycemia induction in 94.28%of mice within a week post-injection,with stable high blood glucose levels,stable body weight,and minimal mortality up to 21 weeks.Notably,omitting 10%sucrose in water and fasting did not affect hyperglycemia induction.Our findings suggest that the modified protocol not only decreases the experimental effort of the researchers,but reduces animal stress and mortality,thus enhancing experimental outcomes and animal welfare.By opti-mizing the STZ-induced DM model in C57BL/6J mice,our study provides a valuable resource for researchers aiming to study diabetes and its complications while mini-mizing experimental variability and animal usage.展开更多
Objective:To assess the protective effects of 70%ethanolic extract of Moringa(M.)oleifera leaves on fertility and epididymal dysfunctions in diabetic rats.Methods:Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six grou...Objective:To assess the protective effects of 70%ethanolic extract of Moringa(M.)oleifera leaves on fertility and epididymal dysfunctions in diabetic rats.Methods:Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups,each with six rats.GroupⅠwas the normal control group receiving vehicle(0.5 mL of distilled water/rat/day)orally;group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin once to induce type Ⅰ diabetes.Then,the diabetic rats in group Ⅱ receiving vehicle(0.5 mL of distilled water/rat/day)orally;the diabetic rats in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were orally treated with M.oleifera leaf extract at dose of 100,250,and 500 mg/kg body weight(b.wt.)/day,respectively;the diabetic rats in group Ⅵ were administrated with reference drug glibenclamide(5 mg/kg b.wt./day).The treatment lasted for 60 days.Sperm parameters(sperm count,motility and viability),fertility index,litter size,lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defense markers(i.e.superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione,and ascorbic acid)in the epididymal tissue were determined.Histopathological changes in epididymis were also evaluated.Results:Administration of different doses of M.oleifera leaf extract in diabetic rats induced a remarkable dose dependent improvement in sperm parameters,fertility index,litter size,epididymal antioxidant status and also restored histopathological changes as compared to the diabetic control group.These findings were comparable with reference drug.Conclusions:M.oleifera leaf extract possesses significant antioxidant activities as well as beneficial effects on epididymal dysfunctions in diabetic male rats.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetes is known damage the liver and kidney,leading to hepatic dysfunction and kidney failure.Honey is believed to help in lowering the blood glucose levels of diabetic patients and reducing diabetic comp...BACKGROUND Diabetes is known damage the liver and kidney,leading to hepatic dysfunction and kidney failure.Honey is believed to help in lowering the blood glucose levels of diabetic patients and reducing diabetic complications.However,the effect of stingless bee honey(SBH)administration in relieving liver and kidney damage in diabetes has not been well-studied.AIM To investigate the effect of SBH administration on the kidney and liver of streptozotocin-induced(STZ;55 mg/kg)diabetic Sprague Dawley rats.METHODS The rats were grouped as follows(n=6 per group):non-diabetic(ND),untreated diabetic(UNT),metformin-treated(MET),and SBH+metformin-treated(SBME)groups.After successful diabetic induction,ND and UNT rats were given normal saline,whereas the treatment groups received SBH(2.0 g/kg and/or metformin(250 mg/kg)for 12 d.Serum biochemical parameters and histological changes using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and periodic acid–Schiff(PAS)staining were evaluated.RESULTS On H&E and PAS staining,the ND group showed normal architecture and cellularity of Bowman’s capsule and tubules,whereas the UNT and MET groups had an increased glomerular cellularity and thickened basement membrane.The SBH-treated group showed a decrease in hydropic changes and mild cellularity of the glomerulus vs the ND group based on H&E staining,but the two were similar on PAS staining.Likewise,the SBME-treated group had an increase in cellularity of the glomerulus on H&E staining,but it was comparable to the SBH and ND groups on PAS staining.UNT diabetic rats had tubular hydropic tubules,which were smaller than other groups.Reduced fatty vacuole formation and dilated blood sinusoids in liver tissue were seen in the SBH group.Conversely,the UNT group had high glucose levels,which subsequently increased MDA levels,ultimately leading to liver damage.SBH treatment reduced this damage,as evidenced by having the lowest fasting glucose,serum alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,and alkaline phosphatase levels compared to other groups,although the levels of liver enzymes were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION The cellularity of the Bowman’s capsule,as well as histological alteration of kidney tubules,glomerular membranes,and liver tissues in diabetic rats after oral SBH resembled those of ND rats.Therefore,SBH exhibited a protective hepatorenal effect in a diabetic rat model.展开更多
Triplostegia glandulifera Wall(T.glandulifera)is an ethnomedicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Yunnan,China,to treat kidney disease.However,there are few reports on the renoprotective effects of this substanc...Triplostegia glandulifera Wall(T.glandulifera)is an ethnomedicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Yunnan,China,to treat kidney disease.However,there are few reports on the renoprotective effects of this substance,and the active ingredients remain unclear.In this study,we extracted the polysaccharide fractions TGB and TGC using the water extraction-alcohol precipitation method and determined their molecular weight(Mw)and monosaccharide composition.The study investigated the protective effects of TGB and TGC fractions against diabetic nephropathy(DN)using an in vitro high glucose-induced HRMCs model and an in vivo STZ-induced diabetic mouse model.HPLC analysis revealed that TGB contained D-galacturonic acid,D-glucose,D-galactose,and D-arabinose,and had a lower Mw than TGC.In vitro,TGB showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity and effectively reduced abnormal proliferation and while attenuating oxidative stress in HRMCs.In mice with diabetes,TGB corrected the dysregulation of glucose-lipid metabolism and alleviated oxidative stress in the kidneys.Additionally,it improved renal function and reduced renal tissue damage.The study suggests that the low Mw polysaccharides(TGB)have better activity against DN through the antioxidative stress mechanism.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemie properties of hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of Sapindus mukorossi Caerlen and its beneficial effect on haeniatological parameters with histopath...Objective:To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemie properties of hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of Sapindus mukorossi Caerlen and its beneficial effect on haeniatological parameters with histopathological analysis in streptpzotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and standard drug glybenclamide(0.5 mg/kg body weight) were administered to diabetic rats.Effect of extract on hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and hematological parameters was studied in diabetic rats.Histopathological changes in diabetic rat pancreas were also observed after extract and glybenclamide treatment.Results:Daily oral administration of Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and glybenclamide for 20 days showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level(P【0.01) and lipid level.The extract has a favorable effect on the histopathological changes of the pancreas in streptozotocin induced diabetes.Conclusions: These findings reveal that the hydroalcoholic extract of Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract possesses antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemie properties.In addition.the extract can prevent various complications of diabetes and improve some haeniatological parameters.展开更多
Objective To investigate the pretreatment effects of Rhodiola rosea （R. rosea） extract on cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress in hippocampus and hippocampal neuron injury in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease ...Objective To investigate the pretreatment effects of Rhodiola rosea （R. rosea） extract on cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress in hippocampus and hippocampal neuron injury in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with R. rosea extract at doses of 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 g/kg for 3 weeks, followed by bilateral intracerebroventricular injection with streptozotocin （1.5 mg/kg） on days 1 and 3. Behavioral alterations were monitored after 2 weeks from the lesion using Morris water maze task. Three weeks after the lesion, the rats were sacrificed for measuring the malondialdehyde （MDA）, glutathione reductase （GR） and reduced glutathione （GSH） levels in hippocampus and histopathology of hippocampal neurons. Results The MDA level was significantly increased while the GR and GSH levels were significantly decreased with striking impairments in spatial learning and memory and severe damage to hippocampal neurons in the model rat induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. These abnormalities were significantly improved by pretreatment with R. rosea extract （3.0 g/kg）. Conclusion R. rosea extract can protect rats against cognitive deficits, neuronal injury and oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin, and may be used as a potential agent in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.展开更多
Objective:To investigate antidiabetic potential of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarekii (A.lamarckii) on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.Methods:Oral glucose tolerance test was done ...Objective:To investigate antidiabetic potential of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarekii (A.lamarckii) on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.Methods:Oral glucose tolerance test was done by inducing hyperglycemic state via administration of glucose in water(2 g/kg).Single dose of alcoholic leaves extract of.4.lamarckii(250 and 500 mg/kg,p.o.) were administered to normoglycemic,hyperglycemic rats.Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide(110 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin(65 mg/kg).The study also included estimations of blood plasma glucose,lipid profile,liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in normal and diabetic rats.Results:Admistration of alcoholic extract of A.lamarekii at two dosage 250 and 500 rag/kg,p.o.did not showed any significant change in blood glucose level of normoglycemic rats(P】0.05).whereas,oral glucose tolerance test depicted reduction in blood glucose level(P【0.05).The streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats, significantly decreased the blood plasma glucose level(P【0.001) comparable to glibenclamide (10 mg/kg),restored the lipid profile and showed improvement in liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in diabetic rats.Conclusions:Present finding demonstrated the significant antidiabetic activity of alcoholic leaves extract of.4.lamarekii.展开更多
AIM： To clarify the mechanism underlying the antidiabetic activities of cortex cinnamomi extract （CCE）. METHODS： To induce in vivo diabetes, mice were injected with streptozotocin （STZ） via a tail vein （100 mg ...AIM： To clarify the mechanism underlying the antidiabetic activities of cortex cinnamomi extract （CCE）. METHODS： To induce in vivo diabetes, mice were injected with streptozotocin （STZ） via a tail vein （100 mg STZ/kg body weight）. To determine the effects of CCE, mice were administered CCE twice daily for 7 d by oral gavage starting 1 wk before the STZ injection. Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration were measured as an index of diabetes. Also, to induce cytotoxicity of RINm5F cells, we treated with cytokines （IL-1β （2.0 ng/mL） and IFN-γ （100 U/mL））. Cell viability and nitric oxide production were measured colorimetrically. Inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κβ was assayed by using gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts. RESULTS： Treatment of mice with STZ resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was further evidenced by immunohistochemical staining of islets. However, the diabetogenic effects of STZ were completely prevented when mice were pretreated with CCE. The inhibitory effect of CCE on STZ-induced hyperglycemia was mediated through the suppression of iNOS expression. In rat insulinoma RINm5F cells,CCE completely protected against interleukin-1β and interferon-y-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, RINm5F cells incubated with CCE showed significant reductions in interleukin-1β and interferon-y-induced nitric oxide production and in iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and these findings correlated well with in vivo observations. CONCLUSION： The molecular mechanism by which CCE inhibits iNOS gene expression appears to involve the inhibition of NF-κβ activation, These results reveal the possible therapeutic value of CCE for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression,展开更多
AIM:To investigate the antioxidant activity of chitooligosaccharides(COSs)on pancreatic islet cells in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. METHODS:The antioxidant effect of COSs on pancreatic islet cells was dete...AIM:To investigate the antioxidant activity of chitooligosaccharides(COSs)on pancreatic islet cells in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. METHODS:The antioxidant effect of COSs on pancreatic islet cells was detected under optical microscopy and with colorimetric assay and gel electrophoresis.The activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase,total antioxidant capacity,and content of malondialdehyde in serum and tissue slices of pancreas were examined after 60 d to determine the effect of COSs in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. RESULTS:COSs can prohibit the apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells.All concentrations of COSs can improve the capability of total antioxidant capacity and activity of superoxide dismutase and decrease the content of malondialdehyde drastically.Morphological investigation in the pancreas showed that COSs have resulted in the reduction of islets,loss of pancreatic cells,and nuclear pyknosis of pancreatic cells. CONCLUSION:COSs possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Tectona grandis(T.grandis) flowers(METGF) in streplozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats to supports its tradition...Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Tectona grandis(T.grandis) flowers(METGF) in streplozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats to supports its traditional use.Methods:Acute toxicity study of METGF was carried out in rat to determine its dose for the antidiabetic study.Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was performed to evaluate METGF effect on elevated blood glucose level.Diabetes was induced in rats by administration of STZ(60 mg/kg,ip.) and it was confirmed 72 h after induction.METGF was orally given to the diabetic rats up to 28 days and blood glucose level were estimated each week.On 28 day of the experiment,diabetic rats were sacrificed after the blood collection for the biochemical parameters analysis and liver,kidney was collected to determine antioxidants levels.Results: In acute toxicity,METGF did not show toxicity and death up to a dose 2 000 mg/kg in rats. Administration of METGF 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly(P【0.001) reduced blood glucose levels in OGTT and STZ-induced diabetic rats.Both doses of METGF treatment significantly(P【0.001, P【0.01 and P【0.05) increased body weight,serum insulin,haemoglobin(Hb) and total protein levels in diabetic rats.Also,MEGTF treatment reduced elevated glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c) and other biochemical parameters levels significantly(P【0.001) in diabetic rats.Altered lipid profiles and antioxidants levels were reversed to near normal in diabetic rats treated with METGF. Conclusions:These results concluded that METGF possesses antidiabetic,antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity which supports its traditional use.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of ch...AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells and release of insulin was detected with optical microscopy, colorimetric assay, and radioimmunoassay respectively. In vivo, the general clinical symptoms, 2 h plasma glucose, urine glucose, oral glucose tolerance were examined after sixty days of feeding study to determine the effect of chitooligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESULTS: Chitooligosaccharides could effectively accelerate the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells. Chitooligosaccharides (100 mg/L) had direct and prominent effect on pancreastic β cells and insulin release from islet cells. All concentrations of chitooligosaccharides could improve the general clinical symptoms of diabetic rats, decrease the 2 h plasma glucose and urine glucose, and normalize the disorders of glucose tolerance.CONCLUSION: Chitooligosaccharides possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the role of red palm oil(RPO),rooibos tea extract(RTE)and their combined treatment(RPO+RTE)on antioxidant status in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was indu...Objective:To investigate the role of red palm oil(RPO),rooibos tea extract(RTE)and their combined treatment(RPO+RTE)on antioxidant status in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single administration of streptozotocin(50 mg/kg)and the rats were treated for 7 weeks.Antioxidant enzymes[calalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),superoxide dismutase(SOD)],antioxidant capacity[trolox equivalence antioxidant capacity(TEAC),oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC)]as well as total protein,albumin,globulin,total glutathione,conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)were investigated.Results:Treatment with RPO,RTE and RPO+RTE significantly(p>0.05)improved liver SOD and plasma ORAC in the diabetic rats.Similarly,diabetic rats treated with RTE and RPO+RTE enhanced liver GPx.A significant(P<0.05)increase in the plasma TBARS in the diabetic control group was observed when compared with the normal control group.Treatment of diabetic rats with RTE and RPO+RTE reduced plasma TBARS to a level not significantly different at P<0.05 from the normal control group.Conclusions:The results revealed the anti-oxidative potentials of red palm oil,rooibos and their combination in diabetic conditions and hence,they could be useful in the management of diabetes and its complications.展开更多
Objective： The present study aims at determining the stability of a popular type 2 diabetes rat model induced by a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. Methods： Wistar rats were fed with ...Objective： The present study aims at determining the stability of a popular type 2 diabetes rat model induced by a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. Methods： Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks followed by a one-time injection of 25 or 35 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes. Then the diabetic rats were fed with regular diet/high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Changes in biochemical parameters were monitored during the 4 weeks. Results： All the rats developed more severe dyslipidemia and hepatic dysfunction after streptozotocin injection. The features of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin rats more resembled type 1 diabetes with decreased body weight and blood insulin. Rats with 25 mg/kg streptozotocin followed by normal diet feeding showed normalized blood glucose level and pancreatic structure, indicating that normal diet might help recovery from certain symptoms of type 2 diabetes. In comparison, diabetic rats fed with high-fat diet presented decreased but relatively stable blood glucose level, and this was significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusions： This model easily recovers with normal diet feeding. A high-fat diet is suggested as the background diet in future pharmacological studies using this model.展开更多
The polysaccharides from pumpkin fruit （PP） were obtained and purified by hot-water extraction, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel column chromatography. The physicochemical properties of PP were determined by g...The polysaccharides from pumpkin fruit （PP） were obtained and purified by hot-water extraction, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel column chromatography. The physicochemical properties of PP were determined by gel filtration chromatography, gas chromatography, fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopy. Results indicated that the molecular weight of PP was about 23 kDa and PP was composed of D-Arabinose, D-Marmose, D-Glucose, and D-Galactose with a molar ratio of 1 ： 7.79 ： 70.32 ： 7.05. FTIR and NMR spectra indicated that PP was the polysaccharide containing pyranose ring. Additionally, PP protected islets cells from streptozotocin （STZ） injury in vitro via increasing the levels of super-oxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） and reducing the production of NO. The experiment of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction further proved that PP inhibited apoptosis via modulating the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 in STZ-damaged islet cells. In conclusion, PP could be explored as a novel agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic property of Merremia emarginata(M.emarginata) Burm.F.plant in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:The dose dependent effects of 28 days oral treatment with methanol e...Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic property of Merremia emarginata(M.emarginata) Burm.F.plant in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:The dose dependent effects of 28 days oral treatment with methanol extract(100,200 and 400 mg/kg) from the plant oi M.emarginata on blood glucose level,body weight,insulin,total hemoglobin,glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C),total protein,serum urea,serum creatinine and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were evaluated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Histology of pancreas was also studied.Results:A significant decrease in blood glucose,serum urea and serum creatinine and significant increase in body weight,insulin and protein level were observed in diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata.Treatment with M.emarginata resulted in a significant reduction of HbAlC and an increase in total hemoglobin level.The activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes such as hexokinase were significantly increased whereas glucose-6phosphatase,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were significantly decreased by the administration of M.emarginata in diabetic rats.Histology of diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata showed the pancreatic β-cells regeneration.Conclusions:These findings suggest that M.emarginata has potent antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens using streptozotocin model.Mothods:Hyptis suaveolens extract(HSE) 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to streptozot...Objective:To evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens using streptozotocin model.Mothods:Hyptis suaveolens extract(HSE) 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to streptozotocin induced diabetes,once daily for 21 days.Results:A significant reduction in blood glucose was observed in diabetic animals treated with HSE at different doses when compared with diabetic rats.Levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprolein.very low density lipoprotein were decreased while administering HSE at different doses,compared with their control values in diabetic animals.Conclusions:Our results show that HSE possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity which might be attributed to stimulating effects on glucose utilization and antioxidant enzyme.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of Kigelia pinnata rnethanolic(lowers extract in slreplozolocin(STZ) induced diabetic W islar rat.Methods.Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of STZ...Objective:To evaluate antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of Kigelia pinnata rnethanolic(lowers extract in slreplozolocin(STZ) induced diabetic W islar rat.Methods.Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of STZ at 60 mg/kg body weight i.p.The blood glucose level was checked before and 72 h after STZ injection to confirm the development ot diabetes.The flower extract and glibenclamide were administered orally at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for 21 days.Results:Daily oral treatment with the extract and standard drug for 21 days significantly reduced blood glucose,serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels.High density lipoprotein-cholesterol level was found to be improved(P<0.01) as compared to diabetic control group.Conclusions:It is concluded that Kigellia pinnata flowers extract have significant antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effect.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the anti-diabetogenic mechanism of Nardostachys jatamansi extract (NJE). METHODS: Mice were injected with streptozotocin viaa tail vein to induce diabetes. Rat insulinoma RINm5F cells and isolated ...AIM: To investigate the anti-diabetogenic mechanism of Nardostachys jatamansi extract (NJE). METHODS: Mice were injected with streptozotocin viaa tail vein to induce diabetes. Rat insulinoma RINm5F cells and isolated rat islets were treated with interleukin1β and interferon-γ to induce cytotoxicity. RESULTS: Treatment of mice with streptozotocin resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was conf irmed by immunohistochemical staining of the islets. The diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin were completely abolished when mice were pretreated with NJE. Inhibition of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia by NJE was mediated by suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. In addition, NJE protected against cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity. Incubation of RINm5F cells and islets with NJE resulted in a signif icant reduction in cytokine-induced NF-κB activation and downstream events, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production. The protective effect of NJE was further demonstrated by the normal insulin secretion of cytokine-treated islets in response to glucose. CONCLUSION: NJE provided resistance to pancreatic β-cell damage from cytokine or streptozotocin treatment. The β-cell protective effect of NJE is mediated by suppressing NF-κB activation.展开更多
Objective: Diabetes is a common metabolic disease with several complications in its patients. Often, people living with diabetes develop erectile dysfunction (ED). The primary aim of this work was to investigate the e...Objective: Diabetes is a common metabolic disease with several complications in its patients. Often, people living with diabetes develop erectile dysfunction (ED). The primary aim of this work was to investigate the effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were given 52 mg/kg of streptozotocin, by intraperitoneal injection, to induce diabetes and ED. Subsequently, animals were grouped into three groups: group 1, diabetic control;group 2, low-dose phloroglucinol (150 mg/kg body weight);and group 3, high-dose phloroglucinol (250 mg/kg body weight). A group of six normal rats served as a normal control. The rats were treated with phloroglucinol for six weeks and then were assessed for treatment effects. Sexual behavior, glycosylated hemoglobin Ale (HbAlc) values, serum testosterone, serum nitric oxide (NO), blood pressure and sperm count were measured after the end of treatment. Results: After a 6-week treatment period, the high dose of phloroglucinol significantly decreased HbAlc values in diabetic rats. Rats treated with phloroglucinol had increased serum testosterone, NO and sperm count. Animals treated with 250 mg/kg phloroglucinol performed similar to normal rats in the sexual behavioral study, suggesting the reversal of complications of ED. Conversely, a decrease in the blood pressure in treated groups was observed. Conclusion: The results highlight the protective effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats warranting further studies.展开更多
基金Ministry of Science,Technological Development,and Innovation,Republic of Serbia,Grant/Award Number:451-03-66/2024-03/200007。
文摘The autoimmune response directed against pancreatic β cells is the most essential pathogenic process in type 1 diabetes(T1D)in humans.Spontaneous animal models of T1D greatly contribute to our understanding of the disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options.Amongst many disease models,a significant proportion of T1D research is performed on multiple low dose streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental animals,in parallel.Here,we discuss advantages of this model for contemporary T1D research.Additionally,challenges and perspectives for further improvement of the model are presented.
文摘Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced type I diabetes mellitus(DM)models have been pivotal in diabetes research due to their ability to mimic the insulin-dependent hyperglyce-mia akin to human type I diabetes.However,these models often suffer from poor induction rates and low survival post-STZ induction,especially in long-term experi-ments,necessitating insulin supplementation,which introduces additional variables to experiments.To address this,we present a novel modification to the STZ-induced DM model in C57BL/6J mice to improve survival rates without insulin supplemen-tation.Our method involves non-fasting,low-dose STZ injections dissolved in pH-neutral phosphate buffer saline instead of acidic sodium citrate buffer,administered over 5 days.We observed hyperglycemia induction in 94.28%of mice within a week post-injection,with stable high blood glucose levels,stable body weight,and minimal mortality up to 21 weeks.Notably,omitting 10%sucrose in water and fasting did not affect hyperglycemia induction.Our findings suggest that the modified protocol not only decreases the experimental effort of the researchers,but reduces animal stress and mortality,thus enhancing experimental outcomes and animal welfare.By opti-mizing the STZ-induced DM model in C57BL/6J mice,our study provides a valuable resource for researchers aiming to study diabetes and its complications while mini-mizing experimental variability and animal usage.
文摘Objective:To assess the protective effects of 70%ethanolic extract of Moringa(M.)oleifera leaves on fertility and epididymal dysfunctions in diabetic rats.Methods:Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups,each with six rats.GroupⅠwas the normal control group receiving vehicle(0.5 mL of distilled water/rat/day)orally;group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin once to induce type Ⅰ diabetes.Then,the diabetic rats in group Ⅱ receiving vehicle(0.5 mL of distilled water/rat/day)orally;the diabetic rats in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were orally treated with M.oleifera leaf extract at dose of 100,250,and 500 mg/kg body weight(b.wt.)/day,respectively;the diabetic rats in group Ⅵ were administrated with reference drug glibenclamide(5 mg/kg b.wt./day).The treatment lasted for 60 days.Sperm parameters(sperm count,motility and viability),fertility index,litter size,lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defense markers(i.e.superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione,and ascorbic acid)in the epididymal tissue were determined.Histopathological changes in epididymis were also evaluated.Results:Administration of different doses of M.oleifera leaf extract in diabetic rats induced a remarkable dose dependent improvement in sperm parameters,fertility index,litter size,epididymal antioxidant status and also restored histopathological changes as compared to the diabetic control group.These findings were comparable with reference drug.Conclusions:M.oleifera leaf extract possesses significant antioxidant activities as well as beneficial effects on epididymal dysfunctions in diabetic male rats.
基金Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia for Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS/1/2019/SKK06/USM/03/6,No.291983-329281.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes is known damage the liver and kidney,leading to hepatic dysfunction and kidney failure.Honey is believed to help in lowering the blood glucose levels of diabetic patients and reducing diabetic complications.However,the effect of stingless bee honey(SBH)administration in relieving liver and kidney damage in diabetes has not been well-studied.AIM To investigate the effect of SBH administration on the kidney and liver of streptozotocin-induced(STZ;55 mg/kg)diabetic Sprague Dawley rats.METHODS The rats were grouped as follows(n=6 per group):non-diabetic(ND),untreated diabetic(UNT),metformin-treated(MET),and SBH+metformin-treated(SBME)groups.After successful diabetic induction,ND and UNT rats were given normal saline,whereas the treatment groups received SBH(2.0 g/kg and/or metformin(250 mg/kg)for 12 d.Serum biochemical parameters and histological changes using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and periodic acid–Schiff(PAS)staining were evaluated.RESULTS On H&E and PAS staining,the ND group showed normal architecture and cellularity of Bowman’s capsule and tubules,whereas the UNT and MET groups had an increased glomerular cellularity and thickened basement membrane.The SBH-treated group showed a decrease in hydropic changes and mild cellularity of the glomerulus vs the ND group based on H&E staining,but the two were similar on PAS staining.Likewise,the SBME-treated group had an increase in cellularity of the glomerulus on H&E staining,but it was comparable to the SBH and ND groups on PAS staining.UNT diabetic rats had tubular hydropic tubules,which were smaller than other groups.Reduced fatty vacuole formation and dilated blood sinusoids in liver tissue were seen in the SBH group.Conversely,the UNT group had high glucose levels,which subsequently increased MDA levels,ultimately leading to liver damage.SBH treatment reduced this damage,as evidenced by having the lowest fasting glucose,serum alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,and alkaline phosphatase levels compared to other groups,although the levels of liver enzymes were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION The cellularity of the Bowman’s capsule,as well as histological alteration of kidney tubules,glomerular membranes,and liver tissues in diabetic rats after oral SBH resembled those of ND rats.Therefore,SBH exhibited a protective hepatorenal effect in a diabetic rat model.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,31860098,Fu-Sheng Wang,82260679,Fu-Sheng Wang。
文摘Triplostegia glandulifera Wall(T.glandulifera)is an ethnomedicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Yunnan,China,to treat kidney disease.However,there are few reports on the renoprotective effects of this substance,and the active ingredients remain unclear.In this study,we extracted the polysaccharide fractions TGB and TGC using the water extraction-alcohol precipitation method and determined their molecular weight(Mw)and monosaccharide composition.The study investigated the protective effects of TGB and TGC fractions against diabetic nephropathy(DN)using an in vitro high glucose-induced HRMCs model and an in vivo STZ-induced diabetic mouse model.HPLC analysis revealed that TGB contained D-galacturonic acid,D-glucose,D-galactose,and D-arabinose,and had a lower Mw than TGC.In vitro,TGB showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity and effectively reduced abnormal proliferation and while attenuating oxidative stress in HRMCs.In mice with diabetes,TGB corrected the dysregulation of glucose-lipid metabolism and alleviated oxidative stress in the kidneys.Additionally,it improved renal function and reduced renal tissue damage.The study suggests that the low Mw polysaccharides(TGB)have better activity against DN through the antioxidative stress mechanism.
文摘Objective:To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemie properties of hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of Sapindus mukorossi Caerlen and its beneficial effect on haeniatological parameters with histopathological analysis in streptpzotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and standard drug glybenclamide(0.5 mg/kg body weight) were administered to diabetic rats.Effect of extract on hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and hematological parameters was studied in diabetic rats.Histopathological changes in diabetic rat pancreas were also observed after extract and glybenclamide treatment.Results:Daily oral administration of Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and glybenclamide for 20 days showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level(P【0.01) and lipid level.The extract has a favorable effect on the histopathological changes of the pancreas in streptozotocin induced diabetes.Conclusions: These findings reveal that the hydroalcoholic extract of Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract possesses antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemie properties.In addition.the extract can prevent various complications of diabetes and improve some haeniatological parameters.
文摘Objective To investigate the pretreatment effects of Rhodiola rosea （R. rosea） extract on cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress in hippocampus and hippocampal neuron injury in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with R. rosea extract at doses of 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 g/kg for 3 weeks, followed by bilateral intracerebroventricular injection with streptozotocin （1.5 mg/kg） on days 1 and 3. Behavioral alterations were monitored after 2 weeks from the lesion using Morris water maze task. Three weeks after the lesion, the rats were sacrificed for measuring the malondialdehyde （MDA）, glutathione reductase （GR） and reduced glutathione （GSH） levels in hippocampus and histopathology of hippocampal neurons. Results The MDA level was significantly increased while the GR and GSH levels were significantly decreased with striking impairments in spatial learning and memory and severe damage to hippocampal neurons in the model rat induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. These abnormalities were significantly improved by pretreatment with R. rosea extract （3.0 g/kg）. Conclusion R. rosea extract can protect rats against cognitive deficits, neuronal injury and oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin, and may be used as a potential agent in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
基金University Grants Commission(UGC),New Delhi,for providing the financial assistance to Mr. Rajesh Kumar
文摘Objective:To investigate antidiabetic potential of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarekii (A.lamarckii) on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.Methods:Oral glucose tolerance test was done by inducing hyperglycemic state via administration of glucose in water(2 g/kg).Single dose of alcoholic leaves extract of.4.lamarckii(250 and 500 mg/kg,p.o.) were administered to normoglycemic,hyperglycemic rats.Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide(110 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin(65 mg/kg).The study also included estimations of blood plasma glucose,lipid profile,liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in normal and diabetic rats.Results:Admistration of alcoholic extract of A.lamarekii at two dosage 250 and 500 rag/kg,p.o.did not showed any significant change in blood glucose level of normoglycemic rats(P】0.05).whereas,oral glucose tolerance test depicted reduction in blood glucose level(P【0.05).The streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats, significantly decreased the blood plasma glucose level(P【0.001) comparable to glibenclamide (10 mg/kg),restored the lipid profile and showed improvement in liver glycogen,body weight and antioxidant status in diabetic rats.Conclusions:Present finding demonstrated the significant antidiabetic activity of alcoholic leaves extract of.4.lamarekii.
基金Supported by the Regional Research Center Program of the Korean Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development through the Center for Healthcare Technology Development
文摘AIM： To clarify the mechanism underlying the antidiabetic activities of cortex cinnamomi extract （CCE）. METHODS： To induce in vivo diabetes, mice were injected with streptozotocin （STZ） via a tail vein （100 mg STZ/kg body weight）. To determine the effects of CCE, mice were administered CCE twice daily for 7 d by oral gavage starting 1 wk before the STZ injection. Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration were measured as an index of diabetes. Also, to induce cytotoxicity of RINm5F cells, we treated with cytokines （IL-1β （2.0 ng/mL） and IFN-γ （100 U/mL））. Cell viability and nitric oxide production were measured colorimetrically. Inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κβ was assayed by using gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts. RESULTS： Treatment of mice with STZ resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was further evidenced by immunohistochemical staining of islets. However, the diabetogenic effects of STZ were completely prevented when mice were pretreated with CCE. The inhibitory effect of CCE on STZ-induced hyperglycemia was mediated through the suppression of iNOS expression. In rat insulinoma RINm5F cells,CCE completely protected against interleukin-1β and interferon-y-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, RINm5F cells incubated with CCE showed significant reductions in interleukin-1β and interferon-y-induced nitric oxide production and in iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and these findings correlated well with in vivo observations. CONCLUSION： The molecular mechanism by which CCE inhibits iNOS gene expression appears to involve the inhibition of NF-κβ activation, These results reveal the possible therapeutic value of CCE for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression,
基金Supported by The National Scientific Research Fund of China(2008JK007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China for the Tenth Five-Year Plan,No.2006BAD06A14
文摘AIM:To investigate the antioxidant activity of chitooligosaccharides(COSs)on pancreatic islet cells in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. METHODS:The antioxidant effect of COSs on pancreatic islet cells was detected under optical microscopy and with colorimetric assay and gel electrophoresis.The activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase,total antioxidant capacity,and content of malondialdehyde in serum and tissue slices of pancreas were examined after 60 d to determine the effect of COSs in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. RESULTS:COSs can prohibit the apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells.All concentrations of COSs can improve the capability of total antioxidant capacity and activity of superoxide dismutase and decrease the content of malondialdehyde drastically.Morphological investigation in the pancreas showed that COSs have resulted in the reduction of islets,loss of pancreatic cells,and nuclear pyknosis of pancreatic cells. CONCLUSION:COSs possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
基金canara bank, Zamin uthukuli for the financial supports
文摘Objective:To investigate antidiabetic,antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Tectona grandis(T.grandis) flowers(METGF) in streplozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats to supports its traditional use.Methods:Acute toxicity study of METGF was carried out in rat to determine its dose for the antidiabetic study.Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was performed to evaluate METGF effect on elevated blood glucose level.Diabetes was induced in rats by administration of STZ(60 mg/kg,ip.) and it was confirmed 72 h after induction.METGF was orally given to the diabetic rats up to 28 days and blood glucose level were estimated each week.On 28 day of the experiment,diabetic rats were sacrificed after the blood collection for the biochemical parameters analysis and liver,kidney was collected to determine antioxidants levels.Results: In acute toxicity,METGF did not show toxicity and death up to a dose 2 000 mg/kg in rats. Administration of METGF 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly(P【0.001) reduced blood glucose levels in OGTT and STZ-induced diabetic rats.Both doses of METGF treatment significantly(P【0.001, P【0.01 and P【0.05) increased body weight,serum insulin,haemoglobin(Hb) and total protein levels in diabetic rats.Also,MEGTF treatment reduced elevated glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c) and other biochemical parameters levels significantly(P【0.001) in diabetic rats.Altered lipid profiles and antioxidants levels were reversed to near normal in diabetic rats treated with METGF. Conclusions:These results concluded that METGF possesses antidiabetic,antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity which supports its traditional use.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2001AA625050) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period, No. 2001BA708B04-07
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells and release of insulin was detected with optical microscopy, colorimetric assay, and radioimmunoassay respectively. In vivo, the general clinical symptoms, 2 h plasma glucose, urine glucose, oral glucose tolerance were examined after sixty days of feeding study to determine the effect of chitooligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESULTS: Chitooligosaccharides could effectively accelerate the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells. Chitooligosaccharides (100 mg/L) had direct and prominent effect on pancreastic β cells and insulin release from islet cells. All concentrations of chitooligosaccharides could improve the general clinical symptoms of diabetic rats, decrease the 2 h plasma glucose and urine glucose, and normalize the disorders of glucose tolerance.CONCLUSION: Chitooligosaccharides possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
基金carried out through the funding Provided by CapePeninsula University of Technology,Bellville,South Africa(grant NO.NRF-CPUT/RJ24)
文摘Objective:To investigate the role of red palm oil(RPO),rooibos tea extract(RTE)and their combined treatment(RPO+RTE)on antioxidant status in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single administration of streptozotocin(50 mg/kg)and the rats were treated for 7 weeks.Antioxidant enzymes[calalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),superoxide dismutase(SOD)],antioxidant capacity[trolox equivalence antioxidant capacity(TEAC),oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC)]as well as total protein,albumin,globulin,total glutathione,conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)were investigated.Results:Treatment with RPO,RTE and RPO+RTE significantly(p>0.05)improved liver SOD and plasma ORAC in the diabetic rats.Similarly,diabetic rats treated with RTE and RPO+RTE enhanced liver GPx.A significant(P<0.05)increase in the plasma TBARS in the diabetic control group was observed when compared with the normal control group.Treatment of diabetic rats with RTE and RPO+RTE reduced plasma TBARS to a level not significantly different at P<0.05 from the normal control group.Conclusions:The results revealed the anti-oxidative potentials of red palm oil,rooibos and their combination in diabetic conditions and hence,they could be useful in the management of diabetes and its complications.
文摘Objective： The present study aims at determining the stability of a popular type 2 diabetes rat model induced by a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. Methods： Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks followed by a one-time injection of 25 or 35 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes. Then the diabetic rats were fed with regular diet/high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Changes in biochemical parameters were monitored during the 4 weeks. Results： All the rats developed more severe dyslipidemia and hepatic dysfunction after streptozotocin injection. The features of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin rats more resembled type 1 diabetes with decreased body weight and blood insulin. Rats with 25 mg/kg streptozotocin followed by normal diet feeding showed normalized blood glucose level and pancreatic structure, indicating that normal diet might help recovery from certain symptoms of type 2 diabetes. In comparison, diabetic rats fed with high-fat diet presented decreased but relatively stable blood glucose level, and this was significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusions： This model easily recovers with normal diet feeding. A high-fat diet is suggested as the background diet in future pharmacological studies using this model.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation Committee of China(NSFC 81202467)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province in China(BK2012232)+2 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Universities in Jiangsu Province of China(11KJB350004,06KJD310150,12KJB310012)the Natural Science Foundation of Nantong City of China(BK2011044)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘The polysaccharides from pumpkin fruit （PP） were obtained and purified by hot-water extraction, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel column chromatography. The physicochemical properties of PP were determined by gel filtration chromatography, gas chromatography, fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopy. Results indicated that the molecular weight of PP was about 23 kDa and PP was composed of D-Arabinose, D-Marmose, D-Glucose, and D-Galactose with a molar ratio of 1 ： 7.79 ： 70.32 ： 7.05. FTIR and NMR spectra indicated that PP was the polysaccharide containing pyranose ring. Additionally, PP protected islets cells from streptozotocin （STZ） injury in vitro via increasing the levels of super-oxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） and reducing the production of NO. The experiment of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction further proved that PP inhibited apoptosis via modulating the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 in STZ-damaged islet cells. In conclusion, PP could be explored as a novel agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
基金financially supported by Loyola College,Chennai,India
文摘Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic property of Merremia emarginata(M.emarginata) Burm.F.plant in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:The dose dependent effects of 28 days oral treatment with methanol extract(100,200 and 400 mg/kg) from the plant oi M.emarginata on blood glucose level,body weight,insulin,total hemoglobin,glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C),total protein,serum urea,serum creatinine and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were evaluated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Histology of pancreas was also studied.Results:A significant decrease in blood glucose,serum urea and serum creatinine and significant increase in body weight,insulin and protein level were observed in diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata.Treatment with M.emarginata resulted in a significant reduction of HbAlC and an increase in total hemoglobin level.The activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes such as hexokinase were significantly increased whereas glucose-6phosphatase,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were significantly decreased by the administration of M.emarginata in diabetic rats.Histology of diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata showed the pancreatic β-cells regeneration.Conclusions:These findings suggest that M.emarginata has potent antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens using streptozotocin model.Mothods:Hyptis suaveolens extract(HSE) 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to streptozotocin induced diabetes,once daily for 21 days.Results:A significant reduction in blood glucose was observed in diabetic animals treated with HSE at different doses when compared with diabetic rats.Levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprolein.very low density lipoprotein were decreased while administering HSE at different doses,compared with their control values in diabetic animals.Conclusions:Our results show that HSE possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity which might be attributed to stimulating effects on glucose utilization and antioxidant enzyme.
基金Supported by Caceer Award for Young Teachers(Grant No.F.No.1-51/RID/CA/4/2009-10)
文摘Objective:To evaluate antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of Kigelia pinnata rnethanolic(lowers extract in slreplozolocin(STZ) induced diabetic W islar rat.Methods.Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of STZ at 60 mg/kg body weight i.p.The blood glucose level was checked before and 72 h after STZ injection to confirm the development ot diabetes.The flower extract and glibenclamide were administered orally at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for 21 days.Results:Daily oral treatment with the extract and standard drug for 21 days significantly reduced blood glucose,serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels.High density lipoprotein-cholesterol level was found to be improved(P<0.01) as compared to diabetic control group.Conclusions:It is concluded that Kigellia pinnata flowers extract have significant antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effect.
基金Supported by Grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology/Korea Science and Engineering Foundation through the Diabetes Research Center at Chonbuk National University, R13-2008-005-0000-0a Research Fund of Chonbuk National University in 2009 (to Park BH)
文摘AIM: To investigate the anti-diabetogenic mechanism of Nardostachys jatamansi extract (NJE). METHODS: Mice were injected with streptozotocin viaa tail vein to induce diabetes. Rat insulinoma RINm5F cells and isolated rat islets were treated with interleukin1β and interferon-γ to induce cytotoxicity. RESULTS: Treatment of mice with streptozotocin resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was conf irmed by immunohistochemical staining of the islets. The diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin were completely abolished when mice were pretreated with NJE. Inhibition of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia by NJE was mediated by suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. In addition, NJE protected against cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity. Incubation of RINm5F cells and islets with NJE resulted in a signif icant reduction in cytokine-induced NF-κB activation and downstream events, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production. The protective effect of NJE was further demonstrated by the normal insulin secretion of cytokine-treated islets in response to glucose. CONCLUSION: NJE provided resistance to pancreatic β-cell damage from cytokine or streptozotocin treatment. The β-cell protective effect of NJE is mediated by suppressing NF-κB activation.
基金funding from Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
文摘Objective: Diabetes is a common metabolic disease with several complications in its patients. Often, people living with diabetes develop erectile dysfunction (ED). The primary aim of this work was to investigate the effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were given 52 mg/kg of streptozotocin, by intraperitoneal injection, to induce diabetes and ED. Subsequently, animals were grouped into three groups: group 1, diabetic control;group 2, low-dose phloroglucinol (150 mg/kg body weight);and group 3, high-dose phloroglucinol (250 mg/kg body weight). A group of six normal rats served as a normal control. The rats were treated with phloroglucinol for six weeks and then were assessed for treatment effects. Sexual behavior, glycosylated hemoglobin Ale (HbAlc) values, serum testosterone, serum nitric oxide (NO), blood pressure and sperm count were measured after the end of treatment. Results: After a 6-week treatment period, the high dose of phloroglucinol significantly decreased HbAlc values in diabetic rats. Rats treated with phloroglucinol had increased serum testosterone, NO and sperm count. Animals treated with 250 mg/kg phloroglucinol performed similar to normal rats in the sexual behavioral study, suggesting the reversal of complications of ED. Conversely, a decrease in the blood pressure in treated groups was observed. Conclusion: The results highlight the protective effect of phloroglucinol in diabetes-induced ED in rats warranting further studies.
