Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study el...Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms of ultrafast laser shock imprinting(LSI)in two-dimensional tellurium(Te),establishing a direct relationship between strain field orientation,mold topology,and anisotropic structural evolution.This is the first demonstration of ultrafast LSI on chiral chain Te unveiling orientation-sensitive dislocation networks.By applying controlled strain fields parallel or transverse to Te’s helical chains,we uncover two distinct deformation regimes.Strain aligned parallel to the chain’s direction induces gliding and rotation governed by weak interchain interactions,preserving covalent intrachain bonds and vibrational modes.In contrast,transverse strain drives shear-mediated multimodal deformations—tensile stretching,compression,and bending—resulting in significant lattice distortions and electronic property modulation.We discovered the critical role of mold topology on deformation:sharp-edged gratings generate localized shear forces surpassing those from homogeneous strain fields via smooth CD molds,triggering dislocation tangle formation,lattice reorientation,and inhomogeneous plastic deformation.Asymmetrical strain configurations enable localized structural transformations while retaining single-crystal integrity in adjacent regions—a balance essential for functional device integration.These insights position LSI as a precision tool for nanoscale strain engineering,capable of sculpting 2D material morphologies without compromising crystallinity.By bridging ultrafast mechanics with chiral chain material science,this work advances the design of strain-tunable devices for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics,while establishing a universal framework for manipulating anisotropic 2D systems under extreme strain rates.This work discovered crystallographic orientation-dependent deformation mechanisms in 2D Te,linking parallel strain to chain gliding and transverse strain to shear-driven multimodal distortion.It demonstrates mold geometry as a critical lever for strain localization and dislocation dynamics,with sharp-edged gratings enabling unprecedented control over lattice reorientation.Crucially,the identification of strain field conditions that reconcile severe plastic deformation with single-crystal retention offers a pathway to functional nanostructure fabrication,redefining LSI’s potential in ultrafast strain engineering of chiral chain materials.展开更多
This paper investigates process parameter effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of the tubes processed via recently developed friction assisted tube straining(FATS)method.For this purpose,design of exper...This paper investigates process parameter effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of the tubes processed via recently developed friction assisted tube straining(FATS)method.For this purpose,design of experiment was used to arrange finite element analyses and experimental tests.Numerical and experimental tests were executed by changing rotary speed,feed rate and die angle.Taguchi design results show that increasing feed rate and decreasing rotary speed enhance Zener-Hollomon(Z)parameter and decrease average grain size,while die angle has no considerable effect.Increasing Z value reduces grain size and enhances flow stress of the processed samples,while the experiment with the highest Z value refines initial microstructure from 40 to 8μm and increases flow stress by 5 times.展开更多
The hot deformation characteristics of 1.4462 duplex stainless steel （DSS） were analyzed by considering strain partitioning between austenite and ferrite constituents. The individual behavior of ferrite and austenit...The hot deformation characteristics of 1.4462 duplex stainless steel （DSS） were analyzed by considering strain partitioning between austenite and ferrite constituents. The individual behavior of ferrite and austenite in microstructure was studied in an iso-stress condition. Hot compression tests were performed at temperatures of 800-1100~C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s-1. The flow stress was modeled by a hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, the corresponding constants and apparent activation energies were determined for the studied alloys. The constitutive equation and law of mixture were used to measure the contribution factor of each phase at any given strain. It is found that the contribution factor of ferrite exponentially declines as the Zener-HoUomon parameter （Z） increases. On the contrary, the austenite contribution polynomially increases with the increase of Z. At low Z values below 2.6. x 1015 （lnZ---35.5）, a negative contribution factor is determined for austenite that is attributed to dynamic recrystallization. At high Z values, the contribution factor of austenite is about two orders of magnitude greater than that of ferrite, and therefore, austenite can accommodate more strain. Microstructural characterization via electron back-scattered diffraction （EBSD） confirms the mechanical results and shows that austenite recrystallization is possible only at high temperature and low strain rate.展开更多
The dynamic strain aging(DSA) behavior was investigated in GH4169 alloy during tensile deforming with electric-pulse current(EPC) at 750 ℃.The results show that DSA is restrained in the alloy when deformed with 40 Hz...The dynamic strain aging(DSA) behavior was investigated in GH4169 alloy during tensile deforming with electric-pulse current(EPC) at 750 ℃.The results show that DSA is restrained in the alloy when deformed with 40 Hz-EPC.The size ofγ " phase inner grains increases obviously and δ phase is facilitated to precipitate on grain boundary in the alloy applied with EPC,due to the promotion effect of EPC on the diffusion and segregation of atoms.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results indicate that dislocations can cut through small γ" precipitate with the size of less than 10 nm,while dislocations can only bypass dislocations when γ " precipitate grow up over 20 nm.The growth of precipitates consumes large amounts of atoms as well as the velocity of dislocation increase,which makes dislocations difficult to be pinned.Therefore,when γ" precipitates grow up to a large size more than the critical size of dislocation pinning,DSA is significantly restrained in the alloy after necking deformed with EPC.展开更多
The mechanisms responsible for deformation behavior in Nb/NiTi composite during pre-straining were investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and tensile ...The mechanisms responsible for deformation behavior in Nb/NiTi composite during pre-straining were investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and tensile test. It is shown that upon loading, the composite experiences elastic elongation and slight plastic deformation of B19′,B2 and β-Nb phases, together with the forward stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation from B2 to B19′. Upon unloading, the deformation mechanisms of the composite mainly involve elastic recovery of B19′, B2 and β-Nb phases,compression deformation of β-Nb phase and incomplete B19′→B2 reverse SIM transformation. In the tensile loading-unloading procedure, besides the inherent elastic deformation and SIM transformation, the(001) compound twins in B19′ martensite can also be conducive to the elastic deformation occurring in B19′-phase of the composite.Therefore, this composite can exhibit a large recoverable strain after unloading owing to the elastic deformation, and the partially reversible and consecutive SIM transformation together with the(001) compound twins.展开更多
Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with ...Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with multidirectional structure during UAG is challenging,impeding the progress and improvement of the UAG process.This work examined the impact of ultrasonic vibration on the dynamic mechanical characteristics during processing.Additionally,we experimentally elucidated the material removal mechanism of CMCs during the scratching process under the influence of vertical vibration.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration causes a strain rate effect,resulting in a modification of the material removal mechanism,subsequently impacting the processing quality.Ultrasonic vibration increases the dynamic strength and brittleness of the fibers in CMCs,leading to more cracks at fracture,which changes from the original bending fracture to shear fracture.In addition,ultrasonic vibration can effectively inhibit the impact of scratching depth and anisotropy on the removal mechanism of CMCs,resulting in a more uniform surface of CMCs after processing.展开更多
This study compared the acute effects of electrical energy transfer(TECAR) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation(TENS) on pain and flexibility after a hamstring injury. Young athletes received either a 20 min TECA...This study compared the acute effects of electrical energy transfer(TECAR) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation(TENS) on pain and flexibility after a hamstring injury. Young athletes received either a 20 min TECAR(n = 24) or TENS(n = 26) session within 5 days following a hamstring injury, while the control(CON, n = 25)group was instructed to rest. Visual analogue scale(VAS), functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries(FASH), straight leg raise test(SLR), and sit-and-reach scores(STR) were obtained prior to, immediately,24, and 48 h after therapy. Group differences were detected after therapy in VAS and FASH scores(p < 0.05).Compared to pre-therapy measurements, VAS scores showed a greater decrease in the TECAR group(-38.75% to-63.33%) than in the TENS group(-16.67% to-25.00%) and both were greater than in the CON group(-2.81%to-9.81%)(p < 0.05). The TECAR group improved FASH scores(28.57%–48.21%) more than the TENS group(15.89%–27.79%) and both groups more than the CON group(0%–8.33%)(p < 0.05). The increase in SLR and STR was greater in the TECAR group(6.26%–13.96%) than in the TENS(1.72%–9.53%) and CON groups(0%–3.03%). These results suggest that in the acute phase of hamstring injury, the use of TECAR and, to a lesser extent, TENS may relieve pain symptoms and bring some improvements in flexibility more than instructing patients to rest.展开更多
Two-dimensional MXene Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)demonstrates great promise in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,sulfur-terminated Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))is developed by modifying Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)via a facile hydr...Two-dimensional MXene Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)demonstrates great promise in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,sulfur-terminated Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))is developed by modifying Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)via a facile hydrothermal method using thioacetamide.As a perovskite additive,S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)outperforms pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)by(1)significantly promoting grain growth,enhancing carrier mobility,and reducing defect density;(2)optimizing energy level alignment to lower interfacial energy barriers and minimize interface non-radiative recombination;(3)stabilizing uncoordinated Pb2+and[PbI6]4-octahedra via Pb-S bonds while alleviating bulk lattice strain,as this Pb-S interaction exerts a“tape-like”effect.Based on this synergistic mechanism,PSCs with S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)achieve a champion efficiency of 25.51%—outperforming control(23.46%)and pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based devices(24.54%)—with enhanced stability.This work highlights terminal group engineering as a critical strategy for advancing high-performance PSCs and their potential for emerging photovoltaic technologies.展开更多
Single-crystal GaN epilayers were irradiated with heavy inert gas ions(2.3-MeV Ne^(8+),5.3-MeV Kr^(19+))to fluences ranging from 1.0×1.0^(11) to 1.0×1.0^(15)ions∕cm^(2).The strain-related damage accumulatio...Single-crystal GaN epilayers were irradiated with heavy inert gas ions(2.3-MeV Ne^(8+),5.3-MeV Kr^(19+))to fluences ranging from 1.0×1.0^(11) to 1.0×1.0^(15)ions∕cm^(2).The strain-related damage accumulation versus ion fluences was studied using highresolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD)and ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis)spectroscopy.The results showed that the damage accumulation was mainly dominated by nuclear energy loss.When the ion fluence was less than∼0.055 displacement per atom(dpa),the lattice expansions and lattice strains markedly increased linearly with increasing ion fluences,accompanied by a slow enhancement in the dislocation densities,distortion parameters,and Urbach energy for both ion irradiations.Above this fluence(∼0.055 dpa),the lattice strains presented a slight increase,whereas a remarkable increase was observed in the dislocation densities,distortion parameters,and Urbach energy with the ion fluences after both ion irradiations.∼0.055 dpa is the threshold ion fluence for defect evolution and lattice damage related to strain.The mechanisms underlying the damage accumulation are discussed in detail.展开更多
Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is l...Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is limited.Through uniaxial compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact tests,the dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of conglomerate rock were studied.Nanoindentation and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were employed to analyze the micro-mechanical behavior and internal structure of the conglomerate rock.Results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties between different gravel particles and cementing materials,with initial fractures primarily distributed at the gravel-cement interfaces.The dynamic mechanical properties of conglomerate rocks exhibit a clear strain rate dependency.Based on the stress−strain curves and failure characteristics,the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior can be categorized into two types using a critical strain rate.The dynamic compressive strength,peak strain,and toughness of conglomerate rock increased with the strain rate,with the strength at 54 s−1 being 2.6 times that at 6 s−1.The dynamic compressive fracture mechanism of conglomerate rock is related to the strain rate and microstructure;at low strain rates,gravel distribution is the key factor,whereas at high strain rates,gravel content becomes critical.展开更多
This study investigates the influence of loading frequency on the fatigue behavior of ballastless track concrete for high-speed railways,aiming to support the development of concrete capable of withstanding higher ope...This study investigates the influence of loading frequency on the fatigue behavior of ballastless track concrete for high-speed railways,aiming to support the development of concrete capable of withstanding higher operational speeds.Fatigue tests were conducted at loading frequencies ranging from 5 to 40 Hz,with a focus on fatigue life,damage evolution,energy dissipation,and residual fatigue strain in the concrete.The results indicate that between 5 and 15 Hz,the fatigue life and energy dissipation remain relatively stable,with minimal damage evolution and small residual strains.As the frequency increases to 15-20 Hz,the fatigue life and energy dissipation gradually decrease,while damage accumulation and residual strain increase.Beyond 20 Hz,both fatigue life and energy dissipation decrease rapidly,damage accumulation becomes more pronounced,and residual strain continues to rise.These phenomena are primarily attributed to the increased strain rate and load change rate at higher frequencies,which affect the microstructure evolution and lead to reduced fatigue performance.展开更多
The insufficient performance of Pt and Pd benchmark catalysts remains a significant obstacle to the practical application of direct liquid fuel cells.In this study,we report a synthesis of amorphous PdSe/crystalline P...The insufficient performance of Pt and Pd benchmark catalysts remains a significant obstacle to the practical application of direct liquid fuel cells.In this study,we report a synthesis of amorphous PdSe/crystalline Pt nanoparticles(AC-PdPtSe NPs)by chemical leaching of PdPtSe NPs.AC-PdPtSe NPs display significantly enhanced activity and stability for the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol and glycerol,far surpassing that of amorphous-dominant PdPtSe NPs,commercial Pd/C,and Pt/C catalysts.Notably,the integration of crystalline and amorphous domains leverages the advantages of high electrical conductivity and a wealth of active sites,which can substantially accelerate reaction kinetics.Furthermore,detailed investigations reveal that the boundary between the Pt crystalline and PdSe amorphous phases induces a 3%surface tensile strain.The formation of amorphous-crystalline heterointerfaces optimizes the d-band states,thereby strengthening the adsorption and activation of ethylene glycol and glycerol.This study highlights the advance in phase engineering toward the development of highly active noble-metal nanostructures.展开更多
Large magnetic entropy change(△S_(M))can realize a prominent heat transformation under the magnetic field and directly strengthen the efficacy of the magnetocaloric effect,which provides a pioneering environmentally ...Large magnetic entropy change(△S_(M))can realize a prominent heat transformation under the magnetic field and directly strengthen the efficacy of the magnetocaloric effect,which provides a pioneering environmentally friendly solidstate strategy to improve refrigeration capacities and efficiencies.The second-order magnetic transition(SOMT)materials have broader△S_(M) peaks without thermal hysteresis,making them highly attractive in magnetic refrigeration,especially in the room temperature range.Here,we report a significant enhancement of△S_(M) at room temperature in single-crystal Mn_(5)Ge_(3).In this SOMT system,we realize a 60%improvement of-△S_(M)^(max) from 3.5 J/kg·K to 5.6 J/kg·K at T=300 K.This considerable enhancement of△S_(M) is achieved by intentionally introducing strain energy through high-pressure constrained deformation.Both experimental results and Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the enhancement of△S_(M) originates from the microscopic strain and lattice deformation induced by strain energy after deformation.This strain energy will reconstruct the energy landscape of this ferromagnetic system and enhance magnetization,resulting in a giant intensity of magnetocaloric responses.Our findings provide an approach to increase magnetic entropy change and may give fresh ideas for exploring advanced magnetocaloric materials.展开更多
This paper develops a semi-analytical solution for pile penetration in natural soft clays using the strain path method(SPM).The stress-strain behavior of soils is characterized by the S-CLAY1S model,which can capture ...This paper develops a semi-analytical solution for pile penetration in natural soft clays using the strain path method(SPM).The stress-strain behavior of soils is characterized by the S-CLAY1S model,which can capture the anisotropic evolution and destructuring nature of soft clays.By integrating the S-CLAY1S model into the theoretical framework of the SPM,a set of ordinary differential equations is formulated with respect to the vertical coordinate of soil particles.The distribution of excess pore water pressure(EPWP)following pile installation is approximated through one-dimensional(1D)radial integration around the pile shaft.The distribution of stresses and EPWP,along with the evolution of fabric anisotropy within the soil surrounding the pile,is presented to illustrate the response of pile penetration in natural soft clays.The proposed solution is validated against existing theoretical solutions using the SPM and cavity expansion method(CEM),along with experimental data.The findings demonstrate that the SPM reveals lower radial effective stresses and EPWP at the pile shaft than that of CEM.Pile penetration alters the soil's anisotropic properties,inducing rotational hardening and affecting post-installation stress distribution.Soil destructuration eliminates bonding among particles near the pile,resulting in a complete disruption of soil structure at the pile surface,which is particularly pronounced for higher initial soil structure ratios.Minimal variation was observed in the three principal stresses and shear stress on the cone side surface as the angle increased from 18°to 60°,except for a slight reduction in EPWP.展开更多
Conductive hydrogel-based stretchable electronics have been extensively investigated,among which strain sensors are the most prominently studied.While the mechanical properties significantly affect the performance of ...Conductive hydrogel-based stretchable electronics have been extensively investigated,among which strain sensors are the most prominently studied.While the mechanical properties significantly affect the performance of these devices,the systematic correlation between specific mechanical parameters and sensing performance remains rarely explored.This work compares the influences of Young’s modulus and mechanical hysteresis on the sensing performance between highly entangled PAM-Li and double-network PAM-Li-Agar-3 strain sensors.Owing to the brittle agar network,which imparts a higher Young’s modulus and pronounced mechanical hysteresis to the double-network PAMLi-Agar-3 hydrogel,the corresponding sensor requires a greater driving force for deformation and yields signals with poor reproducibility.In comparison,the PAM-Li hydrogel,characterized by highly entangled polymer chains,exhibits a lower Young’s modulus and negligible mechanical hysteresis.Consequently,signals from the PAM-Li strain sensor demonstrate enhanced sensitivity and stability.Therefore,this work demonstrates that a low Young’s modulus and minimal mechanical hysteresis are critical factors for achieving superior sensing performance in strain sensors,as systematically validated through comparative analyses across diverse application scenarios.展开更多
High-performance fiber fabrics and composites experienced transverse compression deformation at ultrahigh strain rates near the impact point when subjected to high-velocity impacts,which significantly affected their b...High-performance fiber fabrics and composites experienced transverse compression deformation at ultrahigh strain rates near the impact point when subjected to high-velocity impacts,which significantly affected their ballistic limits.In this paper,a fiber-scale experimental method for characterizing ultrahigh strain-rate transverse compression behavior was proposed.To begin with,in order to measure the extremely low stress and strain in small specimens,the conventional Hopkinson bar was reduced to the hundred-micron scale,thereby achieving wave impedance matching with single fibers.In addition,tangential and normal laser Doppler velocimetry(LDV)methods were employed to realize non-contact,high-precision,and high-speed axial velocity measurements of micron-scale incident and transmission bars,respectively.Meanwhile,a microscopic observation system was used to facilitate the installation of miniature fiber samples.The experimental setup and procedures were introduced,and the system accuracy was verified through sample-free loading tests based on one-dimensional stress wave propagation theory.Dynamic compression experiments on Graphene-UHMWPE fibers were carried out,followed by post-compression microstructural characterization via scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results demonstrated that successful mechanical characterization was achieved at strain rates exceeding 105,an order of magnitude higher than the previously reported maximum rates.Furthermore,during the loading process,the fibers underwent uniform compression deformation while exhibiting pronounced strain-rate effects.This method offers a novel approach for dynamic mechanical characterization of microscale single fibers,enabling the development of comprehensive strain-ratedependent material models to guide the design of advanced composites and high-performance fibers.展开更多
Flexible bending strain sensors emerge as promising candidates for wearable health monitoring and human-machine interaction, owing to their high stability and sensitivity. However, a critical trade-off between high se...Flexible bending strain sensors emerge as promising candidates for wearable health monitoring and human-machine interaction, owing to their high stability and sensitivity. However, a critical trade-off between high sensitivity and reliable largeangle sensing capability persists as a key bottleneck, severely hindering their practical implementation. In this study, a synergistic material-structural engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the bend-sensing performance. Specifically, two core components of this strategy involve an in-house synthesized carbon-based conductive particulate ink with favorable printability and a rationally designed sensing layer structure. By integrating the two components via electrohydrodynamic printing technology, we successfully fabricated highly robust flexible bending strain sensors. The resulting sensors exhibit exceptional electromechanical responsiveness to bending deformation, including a wide operating range(10°–150°), high sensitivity(GF = 50.74), rapid response, low hysteresis, and excellent long-term stability. Practically, they can accurately capture diverse physiological signals, ranging from subtle carotid artery pulses to large elbow flexion. Furthermore, a wearable gesture recognition system, incorporating a printed flexible bending strain sensor array, was developed to enable precise gesture recognition, thereby realizing virtual flight control of an unmanned aerial vehicle. These results indicate that the proposed printed sensor provides a promising approach to the sensitivity-angle trade-off, thereby facilitating the practical implementation of flexible electronics in human-machine interaction.展开更多
Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment ...Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment sausages and investigated the flavor turnover.During the fermentation of salami,the data from free amino acids(FAAs),free fatty acids(FFAs)and volatile flavor substances were used to assess the quality of salami.At the end of fermentation,the total FAAs increased from 1171.32 to 4582.48 mg/kg in the control group and 5053.25 mg/kg in the experimental group.Additionally,following inoculation with the mixed starter culture,the levels of glutamic acid,lysine,methionine,valine and leucine were significantly higher(P<0.05)than those in the control group.Oleic acid(C_(18:1))and chondritic acid(C_(16:0))were the two most abundant FFAs in both salami samples with 45.86%and 26.07%on the 23^(th)day in mixed culture inoculated salami.The mixed starter inoculated group had significantly lower saturated fatty acids and higher percentage levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than the control group(P<0.05).In the volatile flavor substance analysis,a total of 61 volatile compounds were found.Ester compounds were progressively enriched with drying time,significantly increasing the flavor substances,like ethyl diphosgene,1-octen-3-ol,and 2,3-butanediol at P<0.05.The correlation analysis between the core flora and volatile flavor compounds during fermentation and maturation of salami indicates Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were significantly higher and positively correlated with the major volatile organic compounds,which are the key core microorganisms affecting the flavor quality of fermented sausages.展开更多
The development of multifunctional intelligent textiles has become an important innovation direction in the field of textile engineering, under the dual demands of intelligent health monitoring and environmental prote...The development of multifunctional intelligent textiles has become an important innovation direction in the field of textile engineering, under the dual demands of intelligent health monitoring and environmental protection. Although singlefunctional textiles with antibacterial, photochromic, and strain-sensing properties have been developed, they are unable to meet the demand for multifunctional textiles. In this respect, this study developed a poly(lactic acid) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon black nanoparticle composite nanofiber yarn(PPTCY) with a hollow-core-sheath structure using a simple conjugate electrospinning technology. PPTCY possessed excellent mechanical strength and could be effectively woven. More importantly, it not only enabled real-time visual monitoring of ultraviolet(UV) intensity in the environment but also possessed excellent antibacterial properties and strain-sensing performance. Its ΔE value was up to 58.24, and its antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were both 99.99%. This fabric had excellent strainsensing performance, high linearity, and durability under both pressure and stretching deformations. This research provides favorable technical support for the application of intelligent textiles in the field of UV protection and traffic safety.展开更多
基金financial support from NSF ExpandQISE program.The synthesis of tellurene was supported by NSF under grant no.CMMI-2046936supports from Purdue Research Foundation.
文摘Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms of ultrafast laser shock imprinting(LSI)in two-dimensional tellurium(Te),establishing a direct relationship between strain field orientation,mold topology,and anisotropic structural evolution.This is the first demonstration of ultrafast LSI on chiral chain Te unveiling orientation-sensitive dislocation networks.By applying controlled strain fields parallel or transverse to Te’s helical chains,we uncover two distinct deformation regimes.Strain aligned parallel to the chain’s direction induces gliding and rotation governed by weak interchain interactions,preserving covalent intrachain bonds and vibrational modes.In contrast,transverse strain drives shear-mediated multimodal deformations—tensile stretching,compression,and bending—resulting in significant lattice distortions and electronic property modulation.We discovered the critical role of mold topology on deformation:sharp-edged gratings generate localized shear forces surpassing those from homogeneous strain fields via smooth CD molds,triggering dislocation tangle formation,lattice reorientation,and inhomogeneous plastic deformation.Asymmetrical strain configurations enable localized structural transformations while retaining single-crystal integrity in adjacent regions—a balance essential for functional device integration.These insights position LSI as a precision tool for nanoscale strain engineering,capable of sculpting 2D material morphologies without compromising crystallinity.By bridging ultrafast mechanics with chiral chain material science,this work advances the design of strain-tunable devices for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics,while establishing a universal framework for manipulating anisotropic 2D systems under extreme strain rates.This work discovered crystallographic orientation-dependent deformation mechanisms in 2D Te,linking parallel strain to chain gliding and transverse strain to shear-driven multimodal distortion.It demonstrates mold geometry as a critical lever for strain localization and dislocation dynamics,with sharp-edged gratings enabling unprecedented control over lattice reorientation.Crucially,the identification of strain field conditions that reconcile severe plastic deformation with single-crystal retention offers a pathway to functional nanostructure fabrication,redefining LSI’s potential in ultrafast strain engineering of chiral chain materials.
文摘This paper investigates process parameter effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of the tubes processed via recently developed friction assisted tube straining(FATS)method.For this purpose,design of experiment was used to arrange finite element analyses and experimental tests.Numerical and experimental tests were executed by changing rotary speed,feed rate and die angle.Taguchi design results show that increasing feed rate and decreasing rotary speed enhance Zener-Hollomon(Z)parameter and decrease average grain size,while die angle has no considerable effect.Increasing Z value reduces grain size and enhances flow stress of the processed samples,while the experiment with the highest Z value refines initial microstructure from 40 to 8μm and increases flow stress by 5 times.
文摘The hot deformation characteristics of 1.4462 duplex stainless steel （DSS） were analyzed by considering strain partitioning between austenite and ferrite constituents. The individual behavior of ferrite and austenite in microstructure was studied in an iso-stress condition. Hot compression tests were performed at temperatures of 800-1100~C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s-1. The flow stress was modeled by a hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, the corresponding constants and apparent activation energies were determined for the studied alloys. The constitutive equation and law of mixture were used to measure the contribution factor of each phase at any given strain. It is found that the contribution factor of ferrite exponentially declines as the Zener-HoUomon parameter （Z） increases. On the contrary, the austenite contribution polynomially increases with the increase of Z. At low Z values below 2.6. x 1015 （lnZ---35.5）, a negative contribution factor is determined for austenite that is attributed to dynamic recrystallization. At high Z values, the contribution factor of austenite is about two orders of magnitude greater than that of ferrite, and therefore, austenite can accommodate more strain. Microstructural characterization via electron back-scattered diffraction （EBSD） confirms the mechanical results and shows that austenite recrystallization is possible only at high temperature and low strain rate.
基金financially supported by the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy,the Shanghai University and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19DZ2270200)the Open fund of Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense of Aeronautical Digital Manufacturing Process(No.SHSYS202003)。
文摘The dynamic strain aging(DSA) behavior was investigated in GH4169 alloy during tensile deforming with electric-pulse current(EPC) at 750 ℃.The results show that DSA is restrained in the alloy when deformed with 40 Hz-EPC.The size ofγ " phase inner grains increases obviously and δ phase is facilitated to precipitate on grain boundary in the alloy applied with EPC,due to the promotion effect of EPC on the diffusion and segregation of atoms.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results indicate that dislocations can cut through small γ" precipitate with the size of less than 10 nm,while dislocations can only bypass dislocations when γ " precipitate grow up over 20 nm.The growth of precipitates consumes large amounts of atoms as well as the velocity of dislocation increase,which makes dislocations difficult to be pinned.Therefore,when γ" precipitates grow up to a large size more than the critical size of dislocation pinning,DSA is significantly restrained in the alloy after necking deformed with EPC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51771082,51971009,52175410,51801076)the Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province,China (No.2019-XCL-113)+2 种基金Zhenjiang Science & Technology Program,China (No.GY2020001)Project of Faculty of Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu University,China (No.NZXB20200101)the US Department of Energy,Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Science (No.DE-AC02-06CH11357) for providing the Advanced Photon Source。
文摘The mechanisms responsible for deformation behavior in Nb/NiTi composite during pre-straining were investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and tensile test. It is shown that upon loading, the composite experiences elastic elongation and slight plastic deformation of B19′,B2 and β-Nb phases, together with the forward stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation from B2 to B19′. Upon unloading, the deformation mechanisms of the composite mainly involve elastic recovery of B19′, B2 and β-Nb phases,compression deformation of β-Nb phase and incomplete B19′→B2 reverse SIM transformation. In the tensile loading-unloading procedure, besides the inherent elastic deformation and SIM transformation, the(001) compound twins in B19′ martensite can also be conducive to the elastic deformation occurring in B19′-phase of the composite.Therefore, this composite can exhibit a large recoverable strain after unloading owing to the elastic deformation, and the partially reversible and consecutive SIM transformation together with the(001) compound twins.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.52325506)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.DUT22LAB501)。
文摘Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with multidirectional structure during UAG is challenging,impeding the progress and improvement of the UAG process.This work examined the impact of ultrasonic vibration on the dynamic mechanical characteristics during processing.Additionally,we experimentally elucidated the material removal mechanism of CMCs during the scratching process under the influence of vertical vibration.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration causes a strain rate effect,resulting in a modification of the material removal mechanism,subsequently impacting the processing quality.Ultrasonic vibration increases the dynamic strength and brittleness of the fibers in CMCs,leading to more cracks at fracture,which changes from the original bending fracture to shear fracture.In addition,ultrasonic vibration can effectively inhibit the impact of scratching depth and anisotropy on the removal mechanism of CMCs,resulting in a more uniform surface of CMCs after processing.
文摘This study compared the acute effects of electrical energy transfer(TECAR) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation(TENS) on pain and flexibility after a hamstring injury. Young athletes received either a 20 min TECAR(n = 24) or TENS(n = 26) session within 5 days following a hamstring injury, while the control(CON, n = 25)group was instructed to rest. Visual analogue scale(VAS), functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries(FASH), straight leg raise test(SLR), and sit-and-reach scores(STR) were obtained prior to, immediately,24, and 48 h after therapy. Group differences were detected after therapy in VAS and FASH scores(p < 0.05).Compared to pre-therapy measurements, VAS scores showed a greater decrease in the TECAR group(-38.75% to-63.33%) than in the TENS group(-16.67% to-25.00%) and both were greater than in the CON group(-2.81%to-9.81%)(p < 0.05). The TECAR group improved FASH scores(28.57%–48.21%) more than the TENS group(15.89%–27.79%) and both groups more than the CON group(0%–8.33%)(p < 0.05). The increase in SLR and STR was greater in the TECAR group(6.26%–13.96%) than in the TENS(1.72%–9.53%) and CON groups(0%–3.03%). These results suggest that in the acute phase of hamstring injury, the use of TECAR and, to a lesser extent, TENS may relieve pain symptoms and bring some improvements in flexibility more than instructing patients to rest.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872145 and 12004192)Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY224170)。
文摘Two-dimensional MXene Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)demonstrates great promise in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,sulfur-terminated Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))is developed by modifying Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)via a facile hydrothermal method using thioacetamide.As a perovskite additive,S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)outperforms pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)by(1)significantly promoting grain growth,enhancing carrier mobility,and reducing defect density;(2)optimizing energy level alignment to lower interfacial energy barriers and minimize interface non-radiative recombination;(3)stabilizing uncoordinated Pb2+and[PbI6]4-octahedra via Pb-S bonds while alleviating bulk lattice strain,as this Pb-S interaction exerts a“tape-like”effect.Based on this synergistic mechanism,PSCs with S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)achieve a champion efficiency of 25.51%—outperforming control(23.46%)and pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based devices(24.54%)—with enhanced stability.This work highlights terminal group engineering as a critical strategy for advancing high-performance PSCs and their potential for emerging photovoltaic technologies.
基金supported by the Program for National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11675231)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2022YFG0263 and 2024NSFSC1097)the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for talents(Nos.21zx7109 and 22zx7175,24ycx1005).
文摘Single-crystal GaN epilayers were irradiated with heavy inert gas ions(2.3-MeV Ne^(8+),5.3-MeV Kr^(19+))to fluences ranging from 1.0×1.0^(11) to 1.0×1.0^(15)ions∕cm^(2).The strain-related damage accumulation versus ion fluences was studied using highresolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD)and ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis)spectroscopy.The results showed that the damage accumulation was mainly dominated by nuclear energy loss.When the ion fluence was less than∼0.055 displacement per atom(dpa),the lattice expansions and lattice strains markedly increased linearly with increasing ion fluences,accompanied by a slow enhancement in the dislocation densities,distortion parameters,and Urbach energy for both ion irradiations.Above this fluence(∼0.055 dpa),the lattice strains presented a slight increase,whereas a remarkable increase was observed in the dislocation densities,distortion parameters,and Urbach energy with the ion fluences after both ion irradiations.∼0.055 dpa is the threshold ion fluence for defect evolution and lattice damage related to strain.The mechanisms underlying the damage accumulation are discussed in detail.
基金Project(51978674)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is limited.Through uniaxial compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact tests,the dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of conglomerate rock were studied.Nanoindentation and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were employed to analyze the micro-mechanical behavior and internal structure of the conglomerate rock.Results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties between different gravel particles and cementing materials,with initial fractures primarily distributed at the gravel-cement interfaces.The dynamic mechanical properties of conglomerate rocks exhibit a clear strain rate dependency.Based on the stress−strain curves and failure characteristics,the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior can be categorized into two types using a critical strain rate.The dynamic compressive strength,peak strain,and toughness of conglomerate rock increased with the strain rate,with the strength at 54 s−1 being 2.6 times that at 6 s−1.The dynamic compressive fracture mechanism of conglomerate rock is related to the strain rate and microstructure;at low strain rates,gravel distribution is the key factor,whereas at high strain rates,gravel content becomes critical.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52438002)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘This study investigates the influence of loading frequency on the fatigue behavior of ballastless track concrete for high-speed railways,aiming to support the development of concrete capable of withstanding higher operational speeds.Fatigue tests were conducted at loading frequencies ranging from 5 to 40 Hz,with a focus on fatigue life,damage evolution,energy dissipation,and residual fatigue strain in the concrete.The results indicate that between 5 and 15 Hz,the fatigue life and energy dissipation remain relatively stable,with minimal damage evolution and small residual strains.As the frequency increases to 15-20 Hz,the fatigue life and energy dissipation gradually decrease,while damage accumulation and residual strain increase.Beyond 20 Hz,both fatigue life and energy dissipation decrease rapidly,damage accumulation becomes more pronounced,and residual strain continues to rise.These phenomena are primarily attributed to the increased strain rate and load change rate at higher frequencies,which affect the microstructure evolution and lead to reduced fatigue performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52274304,52073199).
文摘The insufficient performance of Pt and Pd benchmark catalysts remains a significant obstacle to the practical application of direct liquid fuel cells.In this study,we report a synthesis of amorphous PdSe/crystalline Pt nanoparticles(AC-PdPtSe NPs)by chemical leaching of PdPtSe NPs.AC-PdPtSe NPs display significantly enhanced activity and stability for the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol and glycerol,far surpassing that of amorphous-dominant PdPtSe NPs,commercial Pd/C,and Pt/C catalysts.Notably,the integration of crystalline and amorphous domains leverages the advantages of high electrical conductivity and a wealth of active sites,which can substantially accelerate reaction kinetics.Furthermore,detailed investigations reveal that the boundary between the Pt crystalline and PdSe amorphous phases induces a 3%surface tensile strain.The formation of amorphous-crystalline heterointerfaces optimizes the d-band states,thereby strengthening the adsorption and activation of ethylene glycol and glycerol.This study highlights the advance in phase engineering toward the development of highly active noble-metal nanostructures.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Decelopment Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3500302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20116 and 52371200)the Innovation Capability Improvement Project of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.22567605H)。
文摘Large magnetic entropy change(△S_(M))can realize a prominent heat transformation under the magnetic field and directly strengthen the efficacy of the magnetocaloric effect,which provides a pioneering environmentally friendly solidstate strategy to improve refrigeration capacities and efficiencies.The second-order magnetic transition(SOMT)materials have broader△S_(M) peaks without thermal hysteresis,making them highly attractive in magnetic refrigeration,especially in the room temperature range.Here,we report a significant enhancement of△S_(M) at room temperature in single-crystal Mn_(5)Ge_(3).In this SOMT system,we realize a 60%improvement of-△S_(M)^(max) from 3.5 J/kg·K to 5.6 J/kg·K at T=300 K.This considerable enhancement of△S_(M) is achieved by intentionally introducing strain energy through high-pressure constrained deformation.Both experimental results and Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the enhancement of△S_(M) originates from the microscopic strain and lattice deformation induced by strain energy after deformation.This strain energy will reconstruct the energy landscape of this ferromagnetic system and enhance magnetization,resulting in a giant intensity of magnetocaloric responses.Our findings provide an approach to increase magnetic entropy change and may give fresh ideas for exploring advanced magnetocaloric materials.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42407256)the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,China(Grant No.SKHL2113)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2024YFHZ0341).
文摘This paper develops a semi-analytical solution for pile penetration in natural soft clays using the strain path method(SPM).The stress-strain behavior of soils is characterized by the S-CLAY1S model,which can capture the anisotropic evolution and destructuring nature of soft clays.By integrating the S-CLAY1S model into the theoretical framework of the SPM,a set of ordinary differential equations is formulated with respect to the vertical coordinate of soil particles.The distribution of excess pore water pressure(EPWP)following pile installation is approximated through one-dimensional(1D)radial integration around the pile shaft.The distribution of stresses and EPWP,along with the evolution of fabric anisotropy within the soil surrounding the pile,is presented to illustrate the response of pile penetration in natural soft clays.The proposed solution is validated against existing theoretical solutions using the SPM and cavity expansion method(CEM),along with experimental data.The findings demonstrate that the SPM reveals lower radial effective stresses and EPWP at the pile shaft than that of CEM.Pile penetration alters the soil's anisotropic properties,inducing rotational hardening and affecting post-installation stress distribution.Soil destructuration eliminates bonding among particles near the pile,resulting in a complete disruption of soil structure at the pile surface,which is particularly pronounced for higher initial soil structure ratios.Minimal variation was observed in the three principal stresses and shear stress on the cone side surface as the angle increased from 18°to 60°,except for a slight reduction in EPWP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303145,52403083)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2025ZNSFSC1400)supported by the start-up funding at Chengdu University(T202207)。
文摘Conductive hydrogel-based stretchable electronics have been extensively investigated,among which strain sensors are the most prominently studied.While the mechanical properties significantly affect the performance of these devices,the systematic correlation between specific mechanical parameters and sensing performance remains rarely explored.This work compares the influences of Young’s modulus and mechanical hysteresis on the sensing performance between highly entangled PAM-Li and double-network PAM-Li-Agar-3 strain sensors.Owing to the brittle agar network,which imparts a higher Young’s modulus and pronounced mechanical hysteresis to the double-network PAMLi-Agar-3 hydrogel,the corresponding sensor requires a greater driving force for deformation and yields signals with poor reproducibility.In comparison,the PAM-Li hydrogel,characterized by highly entangled polymer chains,exhibits a lower Young’s modulus and negligible mechanical hysteresis.Consequently,signals from the PAM-Li strain sensor demonstrate enhanced sensitivity and stability.Therefore,this work demonstrates that a low Young’s modulus and minimal mechanical hysteresis are critical factors for achieving superior sensing performance in strain sensors,as systematically validated through comparative analyses across diverse application scenarios.
基金financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12302472)the Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20230874)+2 种基金the Aeronautical Science Fund(ASF)(Grant No.2023Z057052005)the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)(Grant No.MCAS-I-0124G02)the funding received from Jiangsu Hanvo Safety Product Co.,Ltd。
文摘High-performance fiber fabrics and composites experienced transverse compression deformation at ultrahigh strain rates near the impact point when subjected to high-velocity impacts,which significantly affected their ballistic limits.In this paper,a fiber-scale experimental method for characterizing ultrahigh strain-rate transverse compression behavior was proposed.To begin with,in order to measure the extremely low stress and strain in small specimens,the conventional Hopkinson bar was reduced to the hundred-micron scale,thereby achieving wave impedance matching with single fibers.In addition,tangential and normal laser Doppler velocimetry(LDV)methods were employed to realize non-contact,high-precision,and high-speed axial velocity measurements of micron-scale incident and transmission bars,respectively.Meanwhile,a microscopic observation system was used to facilitate the installation of miniature fiber samples.The experimental setup and procedures were introduced,and the system accuracy was verified through sample-free loading tests based on one-dimensional stress wave propagation theory.Dynamic compression experiments on Graphene-UHMWPE fibers were carried out,followed by post-compression microstructural characterization via scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results demonstrated that successful mechanical characterization was achieved at strain rates exceeding 105,an order of magnitude higher than the previously reported maximum rates.Furthermore,during the loading process,the fibers underwent uniform compression deformation while exhibiting pronounced strain-rate effects.This method offers a novel approach for dynamic mechanical characterization of microscale single fibers,enabling the development of comprehensive strain-ratedependent material models to guide the design of advanced composites and high-performance fibers.
基金supported by the Guangdong University Featured Innovation Program Project (Grant No.2024KTSCX043)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant Nos.2025A1515010967,2022A1515110621)+1 种基金the Innovation and Strong School Engineering Fund of Guangdong Province (Grant No.2025KCXTD047)the Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center (Grant No.2021J020)。
文摘Flexible bending strain sensors emerge as promising candidates for wearable health monitoring and human-machine interaction, owing to their high stability and sensitivity. However, a critical trade-off between high sensitivity and reliable largeangle sensing capability persists as a key bottleneck, severely hindering their practical implementation. In this study, a synergistic material-structural engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the bend-sensing performance. Specifically, two core components of this strategy involve an in-house synthesized carbon-based conductive particulate ink with favorable printability and a rationally designed sensing layer structure. By integrating the two components via electrohydrodynamic printing technology, we successfully fabricated highly robust flexible bending strain sensors. The resulting sensors exhibit exceptional electromechanical responsiveness to bending deformation, including a wide operating range(10°–150°), high sensitivity(GF = 50.74), rapid response, low hysteresis, and excellent long-term stability. Practically, they can accurately capture diverse physiological signals, ranging from subtle carotid artery pulses to large elbow flexion. Furthermore, a wearable gesture recognition system, incorporating a printed flexible bending strain sensor array, was developed to enable precise gesture recognition, thereby realizing virtual flight control of an unmanned aerial vehicle. These results indicate that the proposed printed sensor provides a promising approach to the sensitivity-angle trade-off, thereby facilitating the practical implementation of flexible electronics in human-machine interaction.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2100104)Henan Provincial Major Science and Technology Special Fund(231100110400).
文摘Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment sausages and investigated the flavor turnover.During the fermentation of salami,the data from free amino acids(FAAs),free fatty acids(FFAs)and volatile flavor substances were used to assess the quality of salami.At the end of fermentation,the total FAAs increased from 1171.32 to 4582.48 mg/kg in the control group and 5053.25 mg/kg in the experimental group.Additionally,following inoculation with the mixed starter culture,the levels of glutamic acid,lysine,methionine,valine and leucine were significantly higher(P<0.05)than those in the control group.Oleic acid(C_(18:1))and chondritic acid(C_(16:0))were the two most abundant FFAs in both salami samples with 45.86%and 26.07%on the 23^(th)day in mixed culture inoculated salami.The mixed starter inoculated group had significantly lower saturated fatty acids and higher percentage levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than the control group(P<0.05).In the volatile flavor substance analysis,a total of 61 volatile compounds were found.Ester compounds were progressively enriched with drying time,significantly increasing the flavor substances,like ethyl diphosgene,1-octen-3-ol,and 2,3-butanediol at P<0.05.The correlation analysis between the core flora and volatile flavor compounds during fermentation and maturation of salami indicates Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were significantly higher and positively correlated with the major volatile organic compounds,which are the key core microorganisms affecting the flavor quality of fermented sausages.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Guidance Project of China National Textile and Apparel Council (Grant No.2024033)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program (Grant No.BE2019045)。
文摘The development of multifunctional intelligent textiles has become an important innovation direction in the field of textile engineering, under the dual demands of intelligent health monitoring and environmental protection. Although singlefunctional textiles with antibacterial, photochromic, and strain-sensing properties have been developed, they are unable to meet the demand for multifunctional textiles. In this respect, this study developed a poly(lactic acid) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon black nanoparticle composite nanofiber yarn(PPTCY) with a hollow-core-sheath structure using a simple conjugate electrospinning technology. PPTCY possessed excellent mechanical strength and could be effectively woven. More importantly, it not only enabled real-time visual monitoring of ultraviolet(UV) intensity in the environment but also possessed excellent antibacterial properties and strain-sensing performance. Its ΔE value was up to 58.24, and its antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were both 99.99%. This fabric had excellent strainsensing performance, high linearity, and durability under both pressure and stretching deformations. This research provides favorable technical support for the application of intelligent textiles in the field of UV protection and traffic safety.
