1.Introduction As a key development of the next-generation spatial information infrastructure,1the Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)has become a strategic priority actively pursued by major spacefaring na...1.Introduction As a key development of the next-generation spatial information infrastructure,1the Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)has become a strategic priority actively pursued by major spacefaring nations and regions,including the United States,Europe,China,and Russia.Specifically,Space X’s Starlink project has deployed over 6750 satellites,2while One Web has completed its initial phase of satellite constellation deployment with more than 600 satellites.展开更多
Cooperative utilization of multidimensional resources including cache, power and spectrum in satellite-terrestrial integrated networks(STINs) can provide a feasible approach for massive streaming media content deliver...Cooperative utilization of multidimensional resources including cache, power and spectrum in satellite-terrestrial integrated networks(STINs) can provide a feasible approach for massive streaming media content delivery over the seamless global coverage area. However, the on-board supportable resources of a single satellite are extremely limited and lack of interaction with others. In this paper, we design a network model with two-layered cache deployment, i.e., satellite layer and ground base station layer, and two types of sharing links, i.e., terrestrial-satellite sharing(TSS) links and inter-satellite sharing(ISS) links, to enhance the capability of cooperative delivery over STINs. Thus, we use rateless codes for the content divided-packet transmission, and derive the total energy efficiency(EE) in the whole transmission procedure, which is defined as the ratio of traffic offloading and energy consumption. We formulate two optimization problems about maximizing EE in different sharing scenarios(only TSS and TSS-ISS),and propose two optimized algorithms to obtain the optimal content placement matrixes, respectively.Simulation results demonstrate that, enabling sharing links with optimized cache placement have more than 2 times improvement of EE performance than other traditional placement schemes. Particularly, TSS-ISS schemes have the higher EE performance than only TSS schemes under the conditions of enough number of satellites and smaller inter-satellite distances.展开更多
Satellite communications have attracted significant interests due to its advantages of large footprint and massive access.However,the commonly used onboard beamforming is hard to achieve reliable security because of t...Satellite communications have attracted significant interests due to its advantages of large footprint and massive access.However,the commonly used onboard beamforming is hard to achieve reliable security because of the highly correlated legitimate and wiretap downlink channels.We exploit the benefits of satellite-terrestrial integrated network(STIN)and a novel absorptive reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)for improving the security of satellite downlink communications(SDC)in the presence of eavesdroppers(Eves).This paper aims to maximize the achievable secrecy rate of the earth station(ES)while satisfying the signal reception constraints,harvested power threshold at the RIS,and total transmit power budget.To solve this nonconvex problem,we propose a penalty-function based dual decomposition scheme,which firstly transforms the original problem into a two-layer optimization problem.Then,the outer layer and inner problems are solved by utilizing the successive convex approximation,Lagrange-dual and Rayleigh quotient methods to obtain the beamforming weight vectors and the reflective coefficient matrix.Finally,simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for enhancing the SDC security.展开更多
The Space-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)is considered to be a promising paradigm for realizing worldwide wireless connectivity in sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication systems.Unfortunately,excessive interf...The Space-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)is considered to be a promising paradigm for realizing worldwide wireless connectivity in sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication systems.Unfortunately,excessive interference in the STIN degrades the wireless links and leads to poor performance,which is a bottleneck that prevents its commercial deployment.In this article,the crucial features and challenges of STIN-based interference are comprehensively investigated,and some candidate solutions for Interference Management(IM)are summarized.As traditional IM techniques are designed for single-application scenarios or specific types of interference,they cannot meet the requirements of the STIN architecture.To address this issue,we propose a self-adaptation IM method that reaps the potential benefits of STIN and is applicable to both rural and urban areas.A number of open issues and potential challenges for IM are discussed,which provide insights regarding future research directions related to STIN.展开更多
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62225103,U2441227,U24A20211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.FRF-TP-22-002C2)。
文摘1.Introduction As a key development of the next-generation spatial information infrastructure,1the Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)has become a strategic priority actively pursued by major spacefaring nations and regions,including the United States,Europe,China,and Russia.Specifically,Space X’s Starlink project has deployed over 6750 satellites,2while One Web has completed its initial phase of satellite constellation deployment with more than 600 satellites.
基金supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.62271165,62027802,61831008)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515030297,2021A1515011572)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program ZDSYS20210623091808025,Stable Support Plan Program GXWD20231129102638002.
文摘Cooperative utilization of multidimensional resources including cache, power and spectrum in satellite-terrestrial integrated networks(STINs) can provide a feasible approach for massive streaming media content delivery over the seamless global coverage area. However, the on-board supportable resources of a single satellite are extremely limited and lack of interaction with others. In this paper, we design a network model with two-layered cache deployment, i.e., satellite layer and ground base station layer, and two types of sharing links, i.e., terrestrial-satellite sharing(TSS) links and inter-satellite sharing(ISS) links, to enhance the capability of cooperative delivery over STINs. Thus, we use rateless codes for the content divided-packet transmission, and derive the total energy efficiency(EE) in the whole transmission procedure, which is defined as the ratio of traffic offloading and energy consumption. We formulate two optimization problems about maximizing EE in different sharing scenarios(only TSS and TSS-ISS),and propose two optimized algorithms to obtain the optimal content placement matrixes, respectively.Simulation results demonstrate that, enabling sharing links with optimized cache placement have more than 2 times improvement of EE performance than other traditional placement schemes. Particularly, TSS-ISS schemes have the higher EE performance than only TSS schemes under the conditions of enough number of satellites and smaller inter-satellite distances.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62201592)the Research Plan Project of NUDT(ZK21-33)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program of CAST,China(2021-JCJQ-QT-048)。
文摘Satellite communications have attracted significant interests due to its advantages of large footprint and massive access.However,the commonly used onboard beamforming is hard to achieve reliable security because of the highly correlated legitimate and wiretap downlink channels.We exploit the benefits of satellite-terrestrial integrated network(STIN)and a novel absorptive reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)for improving the security of satellite downlink communications(SDC)in the presence of eavesdroppers(Eves).This paper aims to maximize the achievable secrecy rate of the earth station(ES)while satisfying the signal reception constraints,harvested power threshold at the RIS,and total transmit power budget.To solve this nonconvex problem,we propose a penalty-function based dual decomposition scheme,which firstly transforms the original problem into a two-layer optimization problem.Then,the outer layer and inner problems are solved by utilizing the successive convex approximation,Lagrange-dual and Rayleigh quotient methods to obtain the beamforming weight vectors and the reflective coefficient matrix.Finally,simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for enhancing the SDC security.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFB1806703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61901315)+1 种基金the State Major Science and Technology Special Project(No.2018ZX03001023)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020RC03).
文摘The Space-Terrestrial Integrated Network(STIN)is considered to be a promising paradigm for realizing worldwide wireless connectivity in sixth-Generation(6G)wireless communication systems.Unfortunately,excessive interference in the STIN degrades the wireless links and leads to poor performance,which is a bottleneck that prevents its commercial deployment.In this article,the crucial features and challenges of STIN-based interference are comprehensively investigated,and some candidate solutions for Interference Management(IM)are summarized.As traditional IM techniques are designed for single-application scenarios or specific types of interference,they cannot meet the requirements of the STIN architecture.To address this issue,we propose a self-adaptation IM method that reaps the potential benefits of STIN and is applicable to both rural and urban areas.A number of open issues and potential challenges for IM are discussed,which provide insights regarding future research directions related to STIN.
