Some influential factors of anther culture were studied preliminarily by conducting anther culture of the restorers of new cytoplasmic male sterile （NER）. Several results were obtain from this experiment and they we...Some influential factors of anther culture were studied preliminarily by conducting anther culture of the restorers of new cytoplasmic male sterile （NER）. Several results were obtain from this experiment and they were listed as follow：① MS cultrure medium with such hormones as 2,4-D 2 mg/L,6-BA 0.5 mg/L, NAA 0.5 mg/L was the best suitable for callus induction of NER. ②The difference of induction rate was significantly different between different plant age groups. From the 110th day to 141th day,the induction rate was increased with the increase of age and the difference of induction rate reached 0.01 significant difference level. The induction rate reached the highest value in the 141th day then it declined gradually. ③The combined use of 2, 4-D and 6-BA with proper increase of 2,4-D was good for inducing callus. ④The green plantlet induction rate of NER was increased when the concentration of 6-BA increased from 2 mg/L to 4 mg/L. Adding ZT from 0.5 mg/L to 2 mg/L. 6-BA would led 2.47% increase of green plantlet olantlet induction rate.展开更多
The factors affecting the behavior of non-specialized nectar-feeding passerines have received little attention in the literature on plant-pollinator interactions. Puya chilensis (Bromeliaceae) has sterile branch apice...The factors affecting the behavior of non-specialized nectar-feeding passerines have received little attention in the literature on plant-pollinator interactions. Puya chilensis (Bromeliaceae) has sterile branch apices that project outward from the inflorescence. In this study, we evaluate the functional role of sterile apices as support systems for bird foraging behavior. We recorded bird visitation and flower probing in the presence and absence of sterile branches during the spring seasons of 2021 and 2024. The results revealed that experimental plants with excised branches received fewer bird visits and flower probings than control plants, indicating that sterile branches play an important role in the nectar-feeding behavior of passerine birds in P. chilensis.展开更多
Sterile neutrinos can influence the evolution of the Universe,and thus cosmological observations can be used to detect them.Future gravitational-wave(GW)observations can precisely measure absolute cosmological distanc...Sterile neutrinos can influence the evolution of the Universe,and thus cosmological observations can be used to detect them.Future gravitational-wave(GW)observations can precisely measure absolute cosmological distances,helping to break parameter degeneracies generated by traditional cosmological observations.This advancement can lead to much tighter constraints on sterile neutrino parameters.This work provides a preliminary forecast for detecting sterile neutrinos using third-generation GW detectors in combination with future shortγ-ray burst observations from a THESEUS-like telescope,an approach not previously explored in the literature.Both massless and massive sterile neutrinos are considered within theΛCDM cosmology.We find that using GW data can greatly enhance the detection capability for massless sterile neutrinos,reaching 3σlevel.For massive sterile neutrinos,GW data can also greatly assist in improving the parameter constraints,but it seems that effective detection is still not feasible.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from Jan...Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.展开更多
Apple replant disease(ARD)is a common soil-borne disease,and has a negative impact on the growth and yield of apple trees(Jiang et al.,2023).Due to the prevalence of pathogenic Fusarium spp.,the resulting microbial co...Apple replant disease(ARD)is a common soil-borne disease,and has a negative impact on the growth and yield of apple trees(Jiang et al.,2023).Due to the prevalence of pathogenic Fusarium spp.,the resulting microbial community shift in the rhizosphere soil has been the primary cause of ARD in major apple-producing regions along the Bohai Gulf(Wang et al.,2018).Chemical fumigation is gradually eliminated because of its environmental pollution.Therefore,it is crucial to find sustainable,eco-friendly,and effective biological measures to alleviate ARD(Wang et al.,2022).Since the discovery of antagonistic and plant growthpromoting bacteria(such as Bacillus spp.),their solid microbial fertilizers have been demonstrated to have effective biocontrol properties(Shahid et al.,2021).In view of the variety of natural antifungal compounds of Bacillus spp.(Jasim et al.,2016;Ismaila et al.,2023),there were few reports on applying sterile supernatant of Bacillus spp.to prevent ARD.展开更多
Pingxiang-dominant genic male sterile rice （PDGMSR） was the first dominant genic male sterile mutant identified in rice （Oryza sativa L.）, and the corresponding dominant genic male sterile gene was designated as M...Pingxiang-dominant genic male sterile rice （PDGMSR） was the first dominant genic male sterile mutant identified in rice （Oryza sativa L.）, and the corresponding dominant genic male sterile gene was designated as Ms-p. The fertility of PDGMSR can be restored by introduction of a dominant epistatic fertility restoring gene in some rice varieties. In the present study, E823, an indica inbred rice variety, restored the fertility of PDGMSR, and the genetic pattern was found to be consistent with a dominant epistatic model, therefore, the dominant epistatic fertility restorer gene was designated as Rfe. The F2 population from the cross of PDGMSR/E823 was developed to map gene Rfe. The F2 plants with the genotypes Ms-pMs-pRferfe or Ms-pms-pRferfe were used to construct a fertile pool, and the corresponding sterile plants with genotypes Ms-pMs-prferfe or Ms-pms-prferfe were used to con- struct a sterile pool. The fertility restoring gene Rfe was mapped to one side of the microsatellite markers RM311 and RM3152 on rice chromosome 10, with genetic distances of 7.9 cM and 3.6 cM, respectively. The microsatellite markers around the location of the Ms-p gene were used to finely map the Ms-p gene. The findings of this study indicated that the microsatellite markers RM171 and RM6745 flanked the Ms-p gene, and the distances were 0.3 cM and 3.0 cM, respectively. On the basis of the sequence of rice chromosome 10, the physical distance between the two markers is approximately 730 kb. These findings facilitates molecular marker-assisted selection （MAS） of genes Ms-p and Rfe in rice breeding programs, and cloning them in the future.展开更多
[Objective]Provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of Jiazhe 91A through the research and analysis on the advantages and characteristics of F1 generation of Jiazhe 91A combinations. [Method]...[Objective]Provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of Jiazhe 91A through the research and analysis on the advantages and characteristics of F1 generation of Jiazhe 91A combinations. [Method]The mid-parent heterosis,heterobeltiosis,competitive advantage and average dominance of the F1 generation of the three combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A were analyzed by the comparison and appraisal test of combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A. [Result]the panicle shape of the F1 generation of the three combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A was larger,and the panicles number was greater than its parents,the growing period was shorter than that of Shanyou 63,while the spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate and yield were higher than the control Shanyou 63,and the yield was 2.7% to 12.1% higher than Shanyou 63. [Conclusion]The sterility of Jiazhe 91A sterility was stable,and had a strong restoring ability,so it had widespread application prospects.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to use reverse genic male sterile FHS better in field production. [Method] Low energy nitrogen ion beam was taken as a mutation source to conduct mutagenic treatment for indica rice 99-02 an...[Objective] This study was to use reverse genic male sterile FHS better in field production. [Method] Low energy nitrogen ion beam was taken as a mutation source to conduct mutagenic treatment for indica rice 99-02 and the mutant FHS with special fertility that was isolated from their offspring. Some characteristics such as flowering habit and stigma exsertion rate of FHS were observed in this experiment. [Result] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had an obvious peak flowering stage from 10:00 to 10:30, while the second peak flowering was from August 5 to August 10. Compared with PA64S, FHS flowered early and its flowering time was concentrated, showing that it is for seed propagation. The stigma exsertion rate of FHS was 85.8% and low exsertion rate was good for the purity of seed. [Conclusion] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had good value in use, besides, it could also be used as comparison material for studying fertility alternation mechanism of photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile rice.展开更多
Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sen...Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sensitive male sterile line (Peiai 64S) of rice were studied using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In IR36, from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I, the pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes underwent a series of changes. Some new organizational patterns of microtubules (that have not been described before) were observed during microsporogenesis, including the existence of a broad band of perinuclear microtubules at the diakinesis stage of development. The pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes of the male sterile line, Peiai 64S, was quite different front that seen in IR36. In Peiai 64S, the microtubules showed abnormal patterns of distribution from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I. For example the broad band of perinuclear microtubules seen at diakinesis in IR36 was much disorganized and loosened in Peiai 64S. The spindles formed were also very abnormal and different from the normal spindle. The appearance of abnormal microtubule distribution in the early stages of microsporogenesis may contribute to the malformation and ultimate abortion of pollen in Peiai 64S.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to reveal the effect of photoperiod and temperature on male fertility of cytoplasmic male sterile line Vtai911289a in wheat and discuss the mechanism of male fertility alteration. [ Method ...[Objective] The study aimed to reveal the effect of photoperiod and temperature on male fertility of cytoplasmic male sterile line Vtai911289a in wheat and discuss the mechanism of male fertility alteration. [ Method ] The sowing-date tests and designed conditions were conducted during 2003 -2005. [ Result] Fertility of Vtai911289a, could alter under specific photoperiod and temperature conditions. Temperature is one of the main factors influencing male fertility of the male sterile lines. Vtai911289a, showed stable sterility under the condition of the mean of daily temperature at fertility sensitive stage lower than 19℃ and presented partial fertility when the mean of daily temperature at fertility sensitive stage lower than 20 - 22℃. Photoperiod to some extent affects the male fertility of Vtai911289a, long-day condition is helpful for the male fertility of the sterile line. [ Conclusion] The application of photoperiod temperature-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile line in production has a higher safety than that of temperature sensitive sterile line.展开更多
45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutino...45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutinous maintainer line TL169-239B which bred by Tieling Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1991 as the female parent and glutinous maintainer line72B bred by the authors＇ institute as the male parent, then, based on the backcross breeding between glutinous single plant chosen from F2 segregation population and Tx623A. There are ten hybrid sorghum varieties which already have been examined and approved by national and above provincial（municipal） level units; the patent of this breeding method has been authorized （the patent number： ZL 2012 1 0129155.6）; 45A is protected by the Right of New Varieties of Plants, MOA, P.R. China （the variety right number： CNA20090576.1）. In this paper, the breeding process of 45A and the characteristics of 45A sterile line and its hybrid sorghum were summed up, what＇s more, the technical key points of high-yielding breed of 45A and the production of hybrid sorghum seeds were introduced, to provide data for further popularizing the sterile line.展开更多
Seeds of two-line sterile rice cultivars Zhu 1S and Lu 18S were carried into space by ＂Shijian 8＂ breeding recoverable satellite, then planted in ground. Mutagenic effects from space induction were compared with tho...Seeds of two-line sterile rice cultivars Zhu 1S and Lu 18S were carried into space by ＂Shijian 8＂ breeding recoverable satellite, then planted in ground. Mutagenic effects from space induction were compared with those from y-irradiation and complex processing of space induction and y-irradiation. The results showed that agronomic effect was stimulated in Mo progenies of the two-line sterile rice varieties treated by space flight, and their radiosensitivities to the irradiation of space flight performed non-sensitive. The order of mutation frequency was determined to be SP ＋ γ 〉 γ 〉 SP in M2 generation. And a series of mutated elites（individuals） were screened. Physiological indices of mutants screened like the activity of protective enzymes were measured to explore the physiological and biochemical basis of biological effect in space environment to two-line sterile rice. The results of this study show that space mutation breeding is an effective novel mean for breeding.展开更多
To explore the change rule of seed vigor and seed application technology of rice PTGMS lines with low temperature storage,Zhun S,Y58S,Feng S and Guangzhan 63-4S stored in the seed bank with the temperature of 8-10 ℃ ...To explore the change rule of seed vigor and seed application technology of rice PTGMS lines with low temperature storage,Zhun S,Y58S,Feng S and Guangzhan 63-4S stored in the seed bank with the temperature of 8-10 ℃ and with the relative humidity of 55% for different years were used as the materials to study the properties of seed vigor,growth and development in the field, etc. The re- sults showed that the germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vigor index of rice PTGMS lines seeds showed downward trends as the time of low temperature storage prolonged,and all of the germination rates of the seeds within five years were over 60%. The conductivity in the soaked solution of seeds was significantly increased with the prolonged low temperature storage time. Seedling rate,root length,white root number,base stem width and seedling dry weight of seeds showed downward trends as the time of low temperature storage prolonged. There was no significant difference between two integral seedling qualities of seeds within 4-6 years in low temperature storage. Compared with the germination rate of low temperature storage seeds soaking for 6,12 and 24 h,the appropriate soak time of long time low temperature storage or low vigor seeds was 12 h. A serious natural aging phenomenon occurred in low temperature storage seeds after out of the storage. The germination rate of seeds placed under natural condition for 50 d decreased obviously. The duration from seeding to heading of Zhun S,Y58S and Feng S shortened as the time of low temperature storage prolonged, while the vari- ation of panicle duration of all PTGMS lines was not obvious. In conclusion, rice PTGMS line seeds with low temperature storage in 5 years could still be used nor- mally. However.seeds after low temperature storage should be sowed as soon as possible, and the soaking time of low vigor seeds should be shortened,and the possibility that the decreased duration from seeding to heading should also be con- sidered.展开更多
In the present study, we optimized the procedures to pretreat the parental material, to collect, sterilize and inoculate the explants in the tissue culture of Ar- disia mamillata Hance, so that more effective sterile ...In the present study, we optimized the procedures to pretreat the parental material, to collect, sterilize and inoculate the explants in the tissue culture of Ar- disia mamillata Hance, so that more effective sterile explants can be obtained. The results revealed the optimal procedures. In detail, the parental materials were trans- ferred and pretreated in laboratory in February. The stem tips of new branches were collected in middle March, cleaned with eradicator and then rinsed with tap water for 1-2 h. After that, the explants were surface sterilized with 70% alcohol for 30 s, rinsed with sterile water 2-3 times, sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 4 min, rinsed with sterile water three times and sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chlo- ride for 4 min again. Finally, they were inoculated into medium after being rinsed with sterile water 5-8 times. By this method, the pollution rate of explants can be greatly reduced while their survival rate can be significantly improved.展开更多
Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimen...Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimental material and Ⅱ-32A, Jin 23A and Gang46 A as the CK materials, a seed setting rate estimation method by daily pollination was used for measuring its stigma vigor, to comparatively analyze the decreasing rates and lasting time of stigma vigor of various materials under natural condition. According to experimental results and combining with field breeding practice, the application of stigma vigor of sterile lines on hybrid rice seed production was discussed.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to screen japonica rice male sterile lines with good flowering characteristics under high temperature and summer drought. [Method] The flowering habits of 23 japonica male sterile ...[Objective] This study was conducted to screen japonica rice male sterile lines with good flowering characteristics under high temperature and summer drought. [Method] The flowering habits of 23 japonica male sterile lines, such as flowering peak, single-panicle flowering duration, single-plant flowering duration, en- closed glume rate, glume-opening angle, the distance between glumes, stigma exer- tion rate and sigma vitality, were compared with II-32A as a control under above weather condition. [Result] The flowering characteristics had significant difference a- mong the tested rice lines. Compared with the control, three japonica rice male ster- ile lines 35478A, 35489A and 35502A had better flowering traits, such as earlier flowering peak, longer single-panicle flowering duration, longer single-plant flowering duration, lower rate of enclosed glumes, larger glume angle and larger distance be- tween glumes. 35478A performed its flowering peak from 10：00-11：00 am, 1.5 h earlier than the control; 35489A exhibited higher stigma exertion rate, up to 76.23%; and 35502A had higher stigma vitality, up to 84.68%, which kept longer time than that of the CK. [Conclusion] The results will provide high-quality resources for the breeding of new japonica rice varieties with high-yield and high-temperature toler- ance.展开更多
Four sterile lines （Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S） and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients （24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber） and the natura...Four sterile lines （Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S） and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients （24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber） and the natural temperature （as control） were treated to the four sterile lines for 6 d in the fertility sensitive period of heading to flowering stage, respectively, to study the effects of temperature on physiological biochemical characteristics of young panicles and outcrossing characteristics. The results showed that the percentages of exerted stigma of Peiai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 27 ℃, which were 86.81% and 86.06%, respectively, while the percentages of exerted stigma of Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 76.24% and 81.76%, respectively; the stigma viability of Peiai 64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively; the outcrossing rates of Peiai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50%, respectively, while the outcrossing rate of Y58S was the highest at 27 ℃, which was 58.96%; and the contents of peroxidase （POD） of the four sterile lines increased significantly at 33 ℃ compared with the control, while the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline increased significantly at 36 ℃ compared with the control. There were differences in temperature sensitivity between the male sterile lines, and the 24 ℃ treatment during the sensitive period was the best for the fertility sensitive period of Peiai 64S, while 27 ℃ was the best temperature for Y58S, Gangzhan 63-2S and H638S.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to improve the quality characters of the male sterile restorer lines of Brassica napus by recurrent selection. [Method] The dominant male sterile alleles were used as outcross medium to be...[Objective] This study aimed to improve the quality characters of the male sterile restorer lines of Brassica napus by recurrent selection. [Method] The dominant male sterile alleles were used as outcross medium to be transformed with the favourable genes from thirteen materials, and finally excellent restorer materials were bred by recurrent selection. After that, the genetic diversity, genetic gains, fatty acid chain length and unsaturarion ratios of the improved populations were analyzed. [Result] The genetic diversity and genetic gains were obviously improved by the recurrent selection. Nine materials whose oil content exceeding 50% and 14 materials whose protein content exceeding 30% were acquired, and crossed with sterile lines. The comparative experiment showed that there were 11 combinations whose oil content was obviously enhanced compared with the control. [Conclusion] Recurrent selection is an effective way to improve the quality characters of the objective pop- ulations and breed favourable male sterile restorer lines of B. napus.展开更多
Yannong S, a reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile （TGMS） line, is sterile at high temperature and fertile at low temperature. In the present study, the fertility of Yannong S and the japonica reverse TGMS lin...Yannong S, a reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile （TGMS） line, is sterile at high temperature and fertile at low temperature. In the present study, the fertility of Yannong S and the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from it was in- vestigated in Harbin, Heilongjiang from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that Yan- nong S was completely male sterile in July and August （the hottest months of the year in Harbin）, and the seed setting rate of bagged panicles was 0. We also in- ferred that the critical temperature for inducing the sterility of Yannong S was higher than 28 ℃. Most of the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S were completely aborted in July and August, with a seed setting rate of 0. It can be con- cluded that the reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S are genetically stable lines that have a long period of sterility in cold regions, so they may be the ideal genetic materials for the development and in-situ seed production of japonica hybrid rice.展开更多
Rong 18A, bred by Crop Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agri- culture and Forestry Sciences is a new blast-highly resistant and high-combining ability hybrid rice sterile line. It is currently one of the male st...Rong 18A, bred by Crop Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agri- culture and Forestry Sciences is a new blast-highly resistant and high-combining ability hybrid rice sterile line. It is currently one of the male sterile lines in Sichuan Province which combine well high grain quality and rice blast resistance. More than 20 combinations of Rong 18A have passed the national and provincial variety iden- tification. Combined with the climate conditions in Chengdu, the key points of high- yielding seed production techniques for Rong18A are analyzed and summarized in this paper.展开更多
基金Supported by the National 863 Project of Tenth-five Year Plan(2001AA2411042004AA241104)+1 种基金Key Breeding Project of Sichuan Province and(200107001-16-01)Key Quality Project of Sichuan Province(200107001-1-7-4)~~
文摘Some influential factors of anther culture were studied preliminarily by conducting anther culture of the restorers of new cytoplasmic male sterile （NER）. Several results were obtain from this experiment and they were listed as follow：① MS cultrure medium with such hormones as 2,4-D 2 mg/L,6-BA 0.5 mg/L, NAA 0.5 mg/L was the best suitable for callus induction of NER. ②The difference of induction rate was significantly different between different plant age groups. From the 110th day to 141th day,the induction rate was increased with the increase of age and the difference of induction rate reached 0.01 significant difference level. The induction rate reached the highest value in the 141th day then it declined gradually. ③The combined use of 2, 4-D and 6-BA with proper increase of 2,4-D was good for inducing callus. ④The green plantlet induction rate of NER was increased when the concentration of 6-BA increased from 2 mg/L to 4 mg/L. Adding ZT from 0.5 mg/L to 2 mg/L. 6-BA would led 2.47% increase of green plantlet olantlet induction rate.
基金supported by grants FONDECYT 1180850 and 1231757 to RM.
文摘The factors affecting the behavior of non-specialized nectar-feeding passerines have received little attention in the literature on plant-pollinator interactions. Puya chilensis (Bromeliaceae) has sterile branch apices that project outward from the inflorescence. In this study, we evaluate the functional role of sterile apices as support systems for bird foraging behavior. We recorded bird visitation and flower probing in the presence and absence of sterile branches during the spring seasons of 2021 and 2024. The results revealed that experimental plants with excised branches received fewer bird visits and flower probings than control plants, indicating that sterile branches play an important role in the nectar-feeding behavior of passerine birds in P. chilensis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.12305069,11947022,12473001,11975072,11875102,and 11835009the National SKA Program of China under Grants Nos.2022SKA0110200 and 2022SKA0110203+1 种基金the Program of the Education Department of Liaoning Province under Grant No.JYTMS20231695the National 111 Project under Grant No.B16009。
文摘Sterile neutrinos can influence the evolution of the Universe,and thus cosmological observations can be used to detect them.Future gravitational-wave(GW)observations can precisely measure absolute cosmological distances,helping to break parameter degeneracies generated by traditional cosmological observations.This advancement can lead to much tighter constraints on sterile neutrino parameters.This work provides a preliminary forecast for detecting sterile neutrinos using third-generation GW detectors in combination with future shortγ-ray burst observations from a THESEUS-like telescope,an approach not previously explored in the literature.Both massless and massive sterile neutrinos are considered within theΛCDM cosmology.We find that using GW data can greatly enhance the detection capability for massless sterile neutrinos,reaching 3σlevel.For massive sterile neutrinos,GW data can also greatly assist in improving the parameter constraints,but it seems that effective detection is still not feasible.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.
基金funded by Key R&D program of Shandong Province(Grant No.2022TZXD0037)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Grant No.CARS-27)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32072510)Taishan Scholar Funded Project(Grant Nos.ts20190923 and ts20240823)Key R&D program of Shandong Province(Grant No.2022TZXD0037)the Fruit Innovation Team in Shandong Province of China(Grant No.SDAIT-06-07)。
文摘Apple replant disease(ARD)is a common soil-borne disease,and has a negative impact on the growth and yield of apple trees(Jiang et al.,2023).Due to the prevalence of pathogenic Fusarium spp.,the resulting microbial community shift in the rhizosphere soil has been the primary cause of ARD in major apple-producing regions along the Bohai Gulf(Wang et al.,2018).Chemical fumigation is gradually eliminated because of its environmental pollution.Therefore,it is crucial to find sustainable,eco-friendly,and effective biological measures to alleviate ARD(Wang et al.,2022).Since the discovery of antagonistic and plant growthpromoting bacteria(such as Bacillus spp.),their solid microbial fertilizers have been demonstrated to have effective biocontrol properties(Shahid et al.,2021).In view of the variety of natural antifungal compounds of Bacillus spp.(Jasim et al.,2016;Ismaila et al.,2023),there were few reports on applying sterile supernatant of Bacillus spp.to prevent ARD.
基金Innovation Group Development Project of the Ministry of Education of China (No.IRT0435)Superexcellence Doctorial Dissertation Fund from Ministry of Education of China (No.200054).
文摘Pingxiang-dominant genic male sterile rice （PDGMSR） was the first dominant genic male sterile mutant identified in rice （Oryza sativa L.）, and the corresponding dominant genic male sterile gene was designated as Ms-p. The fertility of PDGMSR can be restored by introduction of a dominant epistatic fertility restoring gene in some rice varieties. In the present study, E823, an indica inbred rice variety, restored the fertility of PDGMSR, and the genetic pattern was found to be consistent with a dominant epistatic model, therefore, the dominant epistatic fertility restorer gene was designated as Rfe. The F2 population from the cross of PDGMSR/E823 was developed to map gene Rfe. The F2 plants with the genotypes Ms-pMs-pRferfe or Ms-pms-pRferfe were used to construct a fertile pool, and the corresponding sterile plants with genotypes Ms-pMs-prferfe or Ms-pms-prferfe were used to con- struct a sterile pool. The fertility restoring gene Rfe was mapped to one side of the microsatellite markers RM311 and RM3152 on rice chromosome 10, with genetic distances of 7.9 cM and 3.6 cM, respectively. The microsatellite markers around the location of the Ms-p gene were used to finely map the Ms-p gene. The findings of this study indicated that the microsatellite markers RM171 and RM6745 flanked the Ms-p gene, and the distances were 0.3 cM and 3.0 cM, respectively. On the basis of the sequence of rice chromosome 10, the physical distance between the two markers is approximately 730 kb. These findings facilitates molecular marker-assisted selection （MAS） of genes Ms-p and Rfe in rice breeding programs, and cloning them in the future.
基金Supported by Major Projects of Zhejiang Province -" 8812 " Plan(2004C12020-1-6)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Jiaxing City in Zhejiang Province (2007AZ1001)~~
文摘[Objective]Provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of Jiazhe 91A through the research and analysis on the advantages and characteristics of F1 generation of Jiazhe 91A combinations. [Method]The mid-parent heterosis,heterobeltiosis,competitive advantage and average dominance of the F1 generation of the three combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A were analyzed by the comparison and appraisal test of combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A. [Result]the panicle shape of the F1 generation of the three combinations configured by Jiazhe 91A was larger,and the panicles number was greater than its parents,the growing period was shorter than that of Shanyou 63,while the spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate and yield were higher than the control Shanyou 63,and the yield was 2.7% to 12.1% higher than Shanyou 63. [Conclusion]The sterility of Jiazhe 91A sterility was stable,and had a strong restoring ability,so it had widespread application prospects.
文摘[Objective] This study was to use reverse genic male sterile FHS better in field production. [Method] Low energy nitrogen ion beam was taken as a mutation source to conduct mutagenic treatment for indica rice 99-02 and the mutant FHS with special fertility that was isolated from their offspring. Some characteristics such as flowering habit and stigma exsertion rate of FHS were observed in this experiment. [Result] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had an obvious peak flowering stage from 10:00 to 10:30, while the second peak flowering was from August 5 to August 10. Compared with PA64S, FHS flowered early and its flowering time was concentrated, showing that it is for seed propagation. The stigma exsertion rate of FHS was 85.8% and low exsertion rate was good for the purity of seed. [Conclusion] The reverse genic sterile rice FHS had good value in use, besides, it could also be used as comparison material for studying fertility alternation mechanism of photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile rice.
文摘Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sensitive male sterile line (Peiai 64S) of rice were studied using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In IR36, from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I, the pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes underwent a series of changes. Some new organizational patterns of microtubules (that have not been described before) were observed during microsporogenesis, including the existence of a broad band of perinuclear microtubules at the diakinesis stage of development. The pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes of the male sterile line, Peiai 64S, was quite different front that seen in IR36. In Peiai 64S, the microtubules showed abnormal patterns of distribution from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I. For example the broad band of perinuclear microtubules seen at diakinesis in IR36 was much disorganized and loosened in Peiai 64S. The spindles formed were also very abnormal and different from the normal spindle. The appearance of abnormal microtubule distribution in the early stages of microsporogenesis may contribute to the malformation and ultimate abortion of pollen in Peiai 64S.
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to reveal the effect of photoperiod and temperature on male fertility of cytoplasmic male sterile line Vtai911289a in wheat and discuss the mechanism of male fertility alteration. [ Method ] The sowing-date tests and designed conditions were conducted during 2003 -2005. [ Result] Fertility of Vtai911289a, could alter under specific photoperiod and temperature conditions. Temperature is one of the main factors influencing male fertility of the male sterile lines. Vtai911289a, showed stable sterility under the condition of the mean of daily temperature at fertility sensitive stage lower than 19℃ and presented partial fertility when the mean of daily temperature at fertility sensitive stage lower than 20 - 22℃. Photoperiod to some extent affects the male fertility of Vtai911289a, long-day condition is helpful for the male fertility of the sterile line. [ Conclusion] The application of photoperiod temperature-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile line in production has a higher safety than that of temperature sensitive sterile line.
文摘45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutinous maintainer line TL169-239B which bred by Tieling Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1991 as the female parent and glutinous maintainer line72B bred by the authors＇ institute as the male parent, then, based on the backcross breeding between glutinous single plant chosen from F2 segregation population and Tx623A. There are ten hybrid sorghum varieties which already have been examined and approved by national and above provincial（municipal） level units; the patent of this breeding method has been authorized （the patent number： ZL 2012 1 0129155.6）; 45A is protected by the Right of New Varieties of Plants, MOA, P.R. China （the variety right number： CNA20090576.1）. In this paper, the breeding process of 45A and the characteristics of 45A sterile line and its hybrid sorghum were summed up, what＇s more, the technical key points of high-yielding breed of 45A and the production of hybrid sorghum seeds were introduced, to provide data for further popularizing the sterile line.
基金Supported by The Ministry of National Agricultural Special PublicSector Research "Nuclear Technology Application in Agriculture"(No.200803034)Science and Technology Innovation Projects ofHunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2009hnnkycx13)the National Science&Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan period(2008BAD7B02)~~
文摘Seeds of two-line sterile rice cultivars Zhu 1S and Lu 18S were carried into space by ＂Shijian 8＂ breeding recoverable satellite, then planted in ground. Mutagenic effects from space induction were compared with those from y-irradiation and complex processing of space induction and y-irradiation. The results showed that agronomic effect was stimulated in Mo progenies of the two-line sterile rice varieties treated by space flight, and their radiosensitivities to the irradiation of space flight performed non-sensitive. The order of mutation frequency was determined to be SP ＋ γ 〉 γ 〉 SP in M2 generation. And a series of mutated elites（individuals） were screened. Physiological indices of mutants screened like the activity of protective enzymes were measured to explore the physiological and biochemical basis of biological effect in space environment to two-line sterile rice. The results of this study show that space mutation breeding is an effective novel mean for breeding.
文摘To explore the change rule of seed vigor and seed application technology of rice PTGMS lines with low temperature storage,Zhun S,Y58S,Feng S and Guangzhan 63-4S stored in the seed bank with the temperature of 8-10 ℃ and with the relative humidity of 55% for different years were used as the materials to study the properties of seed vigor,growth and development in the field, etc. The re- sults showed that the germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vigor index of rice PTGMS lines seeds showed downward trends as the time of low temperature storage prolonged,and all of the germination rates of the seeds within five years were over 60%. The conductivity in the soaked solution of seeds was significantly increased with the prolonged low temperature storage time. Seedling rate,root length,white root number,base stem width and seedling dry weight of seeds showed downward trends as the time of low temperature storage prolonged. There was no significant difference between two integral seedling qualities of seeds within 4-6 years in low temperature storage. Compared with the germination rate of low temperature storage seeds soaking for 6,12 and 24 h,the appropriate soak time of long time low temperature storage or low vigor seeds was 12 h. A serious natural aging phenomenon occurred in low temperature storage seeds after out of the storage. The germination rate of seeds placed under natural condition for 50 d decreased obviously. The duration from seeding to heading of Zhun S,Y58S and Feng S shortened as the time of low temperature storage prolonged, while the vari- ation of panicle duration of all PTGMS lines was not obvious. In conclusion, rice PTGMS line seeds with low temperature storage in 5 years could still be used nor- mally. However.seeds after low temperature storage should be sowed as soon as possible, and the soaking time of low vigor seeds should be shortened,and the possibility that the decreased duration from seeding to heading should also be con- sidered.
基金Supported by the Research Funds of Jiangsu Open University/the City Vocational College of Jiangsu during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period(12SEW-Y-026)~~
文摘In the present study, we optimized the procedures to pretreat the parental material, to collect, sterilize and inoculate the explants in the tissue culture of Ar- disia mamillata Hance, so that more effective sterile explants can be obtained. The results revealed the optimal procedures. In detail, the parental materials were trans- ferred and pretreated in laboratory in February. The stem tips of new branches were collected in middle March, cleaned with eradicator and then rinsed with tap water for 1-2 h. After that, the explants were surface sterilized with 70% alcohol for 30 s, rinsed with sterile water 2-3 times, sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 4 min, rinsed with sterile water three times and sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chlo- ride for 4 min again. Finally, they were inoculated into medium after being rinsed with sterile water 5-8 times. By this method, the pollution rate of explants can be greatly reduced while their survival rate can be significantly improved.
文摘Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimental material and Ⅱ-32A, Jin 23A and Gang46 A as the CK materials, a seed setting rate estimation method by daily pollination was used for measuring its stigma vigor, to comparatively analyze the decreasing rates and lasting time of stigma vigor of various materials under natural condition. According to experimental results and combining with field breeding practice, the application of stigma vigor of sterile lines on hybrid rice seed production was discussed.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Talents Program of Chongqing(cstc2013kjrcqnrc80002)Key Science and Technology Research and Development Program of Chongqing(cstc2012gg B80005,cstc2012gg C80002)the Fund from Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences for Agricultural Development(NKY,2013AC008)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to screen japonica rice male sterile lines with good flowering characteristics under high temperature and summer drought. [Method] The flowering habits of 23 japonica male sterile lines, such as flowering peak, single-panicle flowering duration, single-plant flowering duration, en- closed glume rate, glume-opening angle, the distance between glumes, stigma exer- tion rate and sigma vitality, were compared with II-32A as a control under above weather condition. [Result] The flowering characteristics had significant difference a- mong the tested rice lines. Compared with the control, three japonica rice male ster- ile lines 35478A, 35489A and 35502A had better flowering traits, such as earlier flowering peak, longer single-panicle flowering duration, longer single-plant flowering duration, lower rate of enclosed glumes, larger glume angle and larger distance be- tween glumes. 35478A performed its flowering peak from 10：00-11：00 am, 1.5 h earlier than the control; 35489A exhibited higher stigma exertion rate, up to 76.23%; and 35502A had higher stigma vitality, up to 84.68%, which kept longer time than that of the CK. [Conclusion] The results will provide high-quality resources for the breeding of new japonica rice varieties with high-yield and high-temperature toler- ance.
基金Supported by the National Science-technology Support Plan Project(2014BAD06B07)the Agricultural Special Fund of the Department of Finance of Hunan Provincethe Innovation Project of Hunan Province(XCX15148)~~
文摘Four sterile lines （Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S） and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients （24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber） and the natural temperature （as control） were treated to the four sterile lines for 6 d in the fertility sensitive period of heading to flowering stage, respectively, to study the effects of temperature on physiological biochemical characteristics of young panicles and outcrossing characteristics. The results showed that the percentages of exerted stigma of Peiai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 27 ℃, which were 86.81% and 86.06%, respectively, while the percentages of exerted stigma of Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 76.24% and 81.76%, respectively; the stigma viability of Peiai 64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively; the outcrossing rates of Peiai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50%, respectively, while the outcrossing rate of Y58S was the highest at 27 ℃, which was 58.96%; and the contents of peroxidase （POD） of the four sterile lines increased significantly at 33 ℃ compared with the control, while the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline increased significantly at 36 ℃ compared with the control. There were differences in temperature sensitivity between the male sterile lines, and the 24 ℃ treatment during the sensitive period was the best for the fertility sensitive period of Peiai 64S, while 27 ℃ was the best temperature for Y58S, Gangzhan 63-2S and H638S.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Province[(2010)2089]Fund of Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province[(2012)4006]Fund from Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences[(2011)017]~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to improve the quality characters of the male sterile restorer lines of Brassica napus by recurrent selection. [Method] The dominant male sterile alleles were used as outcross medium to be transformed with the favourable genes from thirteen materials, and finally excellent restorer materials were bred by recurrent selection. After that, the genetic diversity, genetic gains, fatty acid chain length and unsaturarion ratios of the improved populations were analyzed. [Result] The genetic diversity and genetic gains were obviously improved by the recurrent selection. Nine materials whose oil content exceeding 50% and 14 materials whose protein content exceeding 30% were acquired, and crossed with sterile lines. The comparative experiment showed that there were 11 combinations whose oil content was obviously enhanced compared with the control. [Conclusion] Recurrent selection is an effective way to improve the quality characters of the objective pop- ulations and breed favourable male sterile restorer lines of B. napus.
基金Supported by the Open-end Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice(2014KF05)the Scientific Research Program of Heilongjiang Farms and Land Reclamation Administration+1 种基金National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2014BAD01B03-02-05)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201403002-2-3)~~
文摘Yannong S, a reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile （TGMS） line, is sterile at high temperature and fertile at low temperature. In the present study, the fertility of Yannong S and the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from it was in- vestigated in Harbin, Heilongjiang from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that Yan- nong S was completely male sterile in July and August （the hottest months of the year in Harbin）, and the seed setting rate of bagged panicles was 0. We also in- ferred that the critical temperature for inducing the sterility of Yannong S was higher than 28 ℃. Most of the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S were completely aborted in July and August, with a seed setting rate of 0. It can be con- cluded that the reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S are genetically stable lines that have a long period of sterility in cold regions, so they may be the ideal genetic materials for the development and in-situ seed production of japonica hybrid rice.
文摘Rong 18A, bred by Crop Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agri- culture and Forestry Sciences is a new blast-highly resistant and high-combining ability hybrid rice sterile line. It is currently one of the male sterile lines in Sichuan Province which combine well high grain quality and rice blast resistance. More than 20 combinations of Rong 18A have passed the national and provincial variety iden- tification. Combined with the climate conditions in Chengdu, the key points of high- yielding seed production techniques for Rong18A are analyzed and summarized in this paper.
