Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has...Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a model of healthy eating and widely recognized for favorable effects on lipid profile. Objective: We investigated whether the adherence to dietary recommendations have any significant benefit on cardiovascular risk factors. A cohort of 2141 of subjects attending our center was recruited by collaborating General Practitioners who participate in the PLIC Study. Methods: Participants completed a week quantitative food questionnaire, which was analized on a subgroup of 338 subjects at enrolment (V1) and after two years of follow up (V2). Daily energy intake in Kcal, lipid, protein, carbohydrates in percentage of total energy, monounsatured (MUFA), saturated (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in g/die, cholesterol in mg/die was calculated from the food questionnaires. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was estimated according Framingham algorithm. Results: Subjects which adhered to AHA step 1 diet showed a significantly lower total cholesterol, 213.88 ± 43.00 vs 220.19 ± 39.3 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol, 139.80 ± 76.36 vs 142.75 ± 35.60 mg/dL (p < 0.01 for both) as compared to subjects with an impaired dietary pattern while no differences were observed for HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Changes in dietary profiles are associated with an improved lipid profile and therefore remain one of the more favorable nutritional models in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Objective:Cognitive impairment is a core deficit of schizophrenia and current antipsychotic treatments have no or only very limited effects on cognitive impairment.Clinical studies have found that about 50%~90%of all ...Objective:Cognitive impairment is a core deficit of schizophrenia and current antipsychotic treatments have no or only very limited effects on cognitive impairment.Clinical studies have found that about 50%~90%of all psychiatric patients are smokers,and the high rate of smoking may be due to the fact that the patients smoke tobacco to reduce their cognitive symptoms.Nicotine is the key psychoactive component and various studies have reported that nicotine can improve cognition under some circumstances.Therefore,we propose our hypothesis that nicotine alleviates schizophreniainduced cognitive impairment.Our published results confirmed that nicotine treatment significantly improved rat’s working memory in the delayed alternate T maze task(DAT).Methods:In this current study,MK-801 was applied to induce schizophrenia-like behavior which was confi rmed by pre-pulse inhibition(PPI)and T-maze used to assess cognitive performance.Results:Our data showed that MK-801 caused cognitive impairment accompanied by an increase of Pdlim5,anadaptor protein that is critically associated with schizophrenia in medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC).Of note,chronic nicotine treatment attenuates MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptom as well as cognitive impairment by regulating Pdlim5.In addition,nicotine treatment also reduced MK-801-induced decrease of CREBregulated transcription coactivator 1(CRTC1),a coactivator of CREB which has been shown to play an important role in cognition.More important,MK-801 neither induced schizophrenia-like behavior in pdlim5-/-mice,nor decreased CRTC1 in mPFC.Conclusion:Our results showed that chronic nicotine treatment alleviates schizophrenia-induced memory defi cit through regulating Pdlim5 and CRTC1 in mice.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association considered a dietary therapy as a primary approach to prevent and treat hyperlipemia and hypertension. Mediterranean diet has been promoted as a model of healthy eating and widely recognized for favorable effects on lipid profile. Objective: We investigated whether the adherence to dietary recommendations have any significant benefit on cardiovascular risk factors. A cohort of 2141 of subjects attending our center was recruited by collaborating General Practitioners who participate in the PLIC Study. Methods: Participants completed a week quantitative food questionnaire, which was analized on a subgroup of 338 subjects at enrolment (V1) and after two years of follow up (V2). Daily energy intake in Kcal, lipid, protein, carbohydrates in percentage of total energy, monounsatured (MUFA), saturated (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in g/die, cholesterol in mg/die was calculated from the food questionnaires. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was estimated according Framingham algorithm. Results: Subjects which adhered to AHA step 1 diet showed a significantly lower total cholesterol, 213.88 ± 43.00 vs 220.19 ± 39.3 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol, 139.80 ± 76.36 vs 142.75 ± 35.60 mg/dL (p < 0.01 for both) as compared to subjects with an impaired dietary pattern while no differences were observed for HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Changes in dietary profiles are associated with an improved lipid profile and therefore remain one of the more favorable nutritional models in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
文摘Objective:Cognitive impairment is a core deficit of schizophrenia and current antipsychotic treatments have no or only very limited effects on cognitive impairment.Clinical studies have found that about 50%~90%of all psychiatric patients are smokers,and the high rate of smoking may be due to the fact that the patients smoke tobacco to reduce their cognitive symptoms.Nicotine is the key psychoactive component and various studies have reported that nicotine can improve cognition under some circumstances.Therefore,we propose our hypothesis that nicotine alleviates schizophreniainduced cognitive impairment.Our published results confirmed that nicotine treatment significantly improved rat’s working memory in the delayed alternate T maze task(DAT).Methods:In this current study,MK-801 was applied to induce schizophrenia-like behavior which was confi rmed by pre-pulse inhibition(PPI)and T-maze used to assess cognitive performance.Results:Our data showed that MK-801 caused cognitive impairment accompanied by an increase of Pdlim5,anadaptor protein that is critically associated with schizophrenia in medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC).Of note,chronic nicotine treatment attenuates MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptom as well as cognitive impairment by regulating Pdlim5.In addition,nicotine treatment also reduced MK-801-induced decrease of CREBregulated transcription coactivator 1(CRTC1),a coactivator of CREB which has been shown to play an important role in cognition.More important,MK-801 neither induced schizophrenia-like behavior in pdlim5-/-mice,nor decreased CRTC1 in mPFC.Conclusion:Our results showed that chronic nicotine treatment alleviates schizophrenia-induced memory defi cit through regulating Pdlim5 and CRTC1 in mice.
