The widespread popularization and application of laser technology have provided a powerful tool for a deeper understanding of the material world and given birth to several emerging research fields.This study mainly fo...The widespread popularization and application of laser technology have provided a powerful tool for a deeper understanding of the material world and given birth to several emerging research fields.This study mainly focuses on the following three key aspects.First,the classical ensemble method is adopted to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of two-dimensional(2D)matter–wave pulses in Bose–Fermi mixed gases(including linear and nonlinear pulses).Second,under the strict constraints of unitary systems,a coupled Kd V equation is successfully derived,and the prolongation structure theory is skillfully used to carry out detailed calculations and analyses on this equation.Thus,the prolongation algebra of this equation is accurately determined,and the corresponding Lax pair is rigorously derived.Finally,based on the carefully obtained Lax pair from the prolongation structure theory,the soliton solutions of this equation are further analyzed in depth,and intuitive images of each soliton solution are carefully drawn.This lays a solid foundation for subsequent detailed research on these soliton characteristics and provides great convenience.展开更多
Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia in clinical setting and has been increasingly prevalent due to the aging population.AF is associated with a three to fivefold increased risk of stroke.Treatment opt...Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia in clinical setting and has been increasingly prevalent due to the aging population.AF is associated with a three to fivefold increased risk of stroke.Treatment options include pharmacological and electrical cardioversion,each carrying specific risks.AF may resolve spontaneously,but often recurs,making a“watch-andwait”strategy a reasonable approach to avoid unnecessary antiarrhythmic therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND QTc interval prolongation with an increased risk of torsade de pointes(Tsd)has been described in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients treated with hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)and azithromycin(AZI)in Wester...BACKGROUND QTc interval prolongation with an increased risk of torsade de pointes(Tsd)has been described in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients treated with hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)and azithromycin(AZI)in Western countries.In the DR Congo,few studies have evaluated the safety of this association or proposed new molecules.AIM To determine the incidence of QTc prolongation and Tsd in COVID-19 patients treated with HCQ-AZIs vs doubase C(new molecule).METHODS In present randomized clinical trial,we have included patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 treated with either HCQ-AZI or doubase C.Electrocardiogram(ECG)changes on day 14 of randomization were determined based on pretreatment tracing.Prolonged QTc was defined as≥500 ms on day 14 or an increase of≥80 ms compared to pretreatment tracing.Patients with cardiac disease,those undergoing other treatments likely to prolong QTc,and those with disturbed ECG tracings were excluded from the study.RESULTS The study included 258 patients(mean age 41±15 years;52%men;3.4%diabetics,11.1%hypertensive).Mild and moderate COVID-19 were found in 93.5%and 6.5%of patients,respectively.At baseline,all patients had normal sinus rhythm,a mean heart rate 78±13/min,mean PR space 170±28 ms,mean QRS 76±13 ms,and mean QTc 405±30 ms.No complaints suggesting cardiac involvement were reported during or after treatment.Only four patients(1.5%)experienced QTc interval prolongation beyond 500 ms.Similarly,only five patients(1.9%)had an increase in the QTc interval of more than 80 ms.QTc prolongation was more significant in younger patients,those with high viral load at baseline,and those receiving HCQ-AZI(P<0.05).None of the patients developed Tsd.CONCLUSION QTc prolongation without Tsd was observed at a lower frequency in patients treated with HCQ-AZI vs doubase C.The absence of comorbidities and concurrent use of other products that are likely to cause arrhythmia may explain our results.展开更多
BACKGROUND:This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to estimate the probability of prolonged intensive care unit(ICU)stays.METHODS:Pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery were included,with data co...BACKGROUND:This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to estimate the probability of prolonged intensive care unit(ICU)stays.METHODS:Pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery were included,with data collected from the pediatric intensive care database.The datasets were randomly divided into a training set(75%)and a testing set(25%).A nomogram model was developed to predict prolonged ICU stays in the training set and then validated in the testing set.RESULTS:A total of 795 patients and 266 patients were assigned to the training and testing sets,respectively,with consistent variables.The nomogram developed from the training set included eight characteristics:age,systolic blood pressure,respiratory rate,bicarbonate,direct bilirubin,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,international normalized ratio,and operation time.The area under the curve values of the nomogram in the training and testing sets were 0.812 and 0.736,respectively.The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination and calibration.Decision curve analysis showed that the use of the nomogram resulted in more favorable outcomes compared with the strategies of treating all or none of the patients.CONCLUSION:This study presents a nomogram that may enable early identification of high-risk patients and facilitates tailored postoperative care and better outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fracture nonunion represents a challenging complication during fracture repair,often necessitating surgical intervention.Teriparatide,a recombinant human parathyroid hormone,has demonstrated promise in enha...BACKGROUND Fracture nonunion represents a challenging complication during fracture repair,often necessitating surgical intervention.Teriparatide,a recombinant human parathyroid hormone,has demonstrated promise in enhancing fracture healing,although its efficacy in treating established nonunion remains under investigation.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 27-year-old male who presented with a right humerus fracture following a traffic accident.Despite undergoing open reduction and internal fixation,the fracture resulted in a delayed union and subsequent nonunion.After 4 years of conservative management,teriparatide treatment was initiated due to persistent nonunion.Teriparatide injections were administered daily for 6 months,resulting in complete fracture healing and resolution of pain.CONCLUSION Our case demonstrates the successful use of teriparatide in treating a prolonged nonunion of a humerus fracture.Teriparatide may provide a valuable therapeutic option for established bone nonunion,even in cases that have not responded to conservative treatments.展开更多
Poyang Lake,China's largest freshwater lake,is a critical wintering ground for most of the global Siberian Grane(Grus leucogeranus)population.However,increasingly prolonged dry seasons have degraded the natural we...Poyang Lake,China's largest freshwater lake,is a critical wintering ground for most of the global Siberian Grane(Grus leucogeranus)population.However,increasingly prolonged dry seasons have degraded the natural wetlands of Poyang Lake,forcing Siberian Cranes to shift to artificial habitats.From 2015 to 2023,field surveys revealed a substantial increase in the number of Siberian Cranes in artificial habitats,with peak counts reaching 3000individuals,accounting for up to 53%of the species'global population.Satellite telemetry of 13 individuals further confirmed the spatial use of these habitats,highlighting their consistent reliance on artificial sites over multiple years.Seven high-use hotspots were identified outside of Poyang Lake,including two artificial provisioning sites that supported dense foraging flocks for extended periods.Satellite telemetry confirmed this trend,with artificial habitats making up to 64.2%of the occurrence sites in some years.This reliance on artificial habitats was closely linked to the reduced tuber biomass in natural wetlands and low winter water levels in Poyang Lake,which collectively explained 83%of the variance in crane abundance in artificial habitats.Artificial habitat use peaked in December and January,indicating marked seasonal variation.Siberian Cranes also exhibited a pronounced circadian rhythm,foraging in artificial habitats during the day and returning to natural wetlands to roost at night.Despite the shift toward artificial habitats,natural wetlands remain critical for nighttime refuge.The continued dependence on artificial habitats raises concerns about disease transmission owing to dense congregations.Conservation strategies should prioritize both the careful management of artificial provisioning sites and the restoration of natural wetlands to improve food and habitat availability within natural ecosystems,ultimately enabling the return of Siberian Cranes to their traditional natural habitats.展开更多
Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placin...Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placing them at heightened risk of developing PGD.This review traces the evolution of PGD from early con-ceptualization to current definitions in the International Classification of Diseases,11th revision,and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition,Text Revision.Building on this historical foundation,the analysis examined the prevalence,risk factors,and diagnostic criteria of PGD in bereaved parents,with particular attention to sex differences,the nature of the loss,and the time elapsed since the child’s death.Furthermore,this review examines the multidimensional consequences of PGD on parents,including its emotional,physiological,and functional effects.Evidence-based treatments for PGD,such as psychotherapeutic approaches and emerging interventions,are also discussed.By synthesizing existing research,this review provides a comprehensive under-standing of PGD among bereaved parents,highlights the unique challenges they face,and offers practical insights and recommendations for clinicians working with this population.展开更多
AIM To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation in a large series of end stage liver disease(ESLD)patients and its association to clinical variables and mortality.METHODS The QT interval was measured and corrected ...AIM To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation in a large series of end stage liver disease(ESLD)patients and its association to clinical variables and mortality.METHODS The QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate for each patient,with a prolonged QT cutoff defined as QT>450 ms for males and QT>470 ms for females.Multiple clinical variables were evaluated including sex,age,serum sodium,international normalized ratio,creatinine,total bilirubin,beta-blocker use,Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD),MELD-Na,and etiology of liver disease.RESULTS Among 406 ESLD patients analyzed,207(51.0%)had QT prolongation.The only clinical variable associated with QT prolongation was male gender(OR=3.04,95%CI:2.01-4.60,P<0.001).During the study period,187patients(46.1%)died.QT prolongation was a significant independent predictor of mortality(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.03-2.77,P=0.039).In addition,mortality was also associated with viral etiology of ESLD,elevated MELD score and its components(P<0.05 for all).No significant reversibility in the QT interval was seen after liver transplantation.CONCLUSION QT prolongation was commonly encountered in an ESLD population,especially in males,and served as a strong independent marker for increased mortality in ESLD patients.展开更多
Based on noncommutative differential calculus, we present a theory of prolongation structure for semidiscrete non/inear evolution equations. As an illustrative example, a semi-discrete model of the non/inear SchrSding...Based on noncommutative differential calculus, we present a theory of prolongation structure for semidiscrete non/inear evolution equations. As an illustrative example, a semi-discrete model of the non/inear SchrSdinger equation is discussed in terms of this theory and the corresponding Lax pairs are also given.展开更多
In this paper, a new nonlinear integrable coupling system of the soliton hierarchy is presented. Prom the Lax pairs, the coupled KdV equations are constructed successfully. Based on the prolongation method of Wahlquis...In this paper, a new nonlinear integrable coupling system of the soliton hierarchy is presented. Prom the Lax pairs, the coupled KdV equations are constructed successfully. Based on the prolongation method of Wahlquist and Estabrook, we study the prolongation structure of the nonlinear integrable couplings of the KdV equation.展开更多
Based upon the covariant prolongation structures theory, we construct the sl（2, R）×R（p） prolongation structure for Konno-Asai-Kakuhata equation. By taking two and one-dimensional prolongation spaces, we obtai...Based upon the covariant prolongation structures theory, we construct the sl（2, R）×R（p） prolongation structure for Konno-Asai-Kakuhata equation. By taking two and one-dimensional prolongation spaces, we obtain the inverse scattering equations given by Konno et al. and the corresponding Riccati equation. The Baecklund transformations are also presented.展开更多
The Wahlquist-Estabrook （WE） prolongation structures of modified Boussi-nesq （MB） system are studied from the coverings point of view. The realizations and classifications of one-dimensional coverings of this syst...The Wahlquist-Estabrook （WE） prolongation structures of modified Boussi-nesq （MB） system are studied from the coverings point of view. The realizations and classifications of one-dimensional coverings of this system are obtained completely. More-over the sufficient and necessary conditions for a vector field to be a nonlocal symmetry of this system are also demonstrated in the WE prolongation structures.展开更多
The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist-Estabrook [Wahlquist H D and Estabrook F B 1975 J. Math. Phys. 16 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a variable-coefficient KdV equation. Based...The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist-Estabrook [Wahlquist H D and Estabrook F B 1975 J. Math. Phys. 16 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a variable-coefficient KdV equation. Based on the obtained prolongation structure, a Lie algebra with five parameters is constructed. Under certain conditions, a Lie algebra representation and three kinds of Lax pairs for the variable coefficient KdV equation are derived.展开更多
Objective: To identify the effects of antipsychotics on QTc prolongation in light of age, gender, antipsychotic combination pattern, antipsychotic doses and cytochrome P450 (CYP) mediation, using large database descri...Objective: To identify the effects of antipsychotics on QTc prolongation in light of age, gender, antipsychotic combination pattern, antipsychotic doses and cytochrome P450 (CYP) mediation, using large database describing the antipsychotic treatment of patients with schizophrenia in Japan. Methods: Using database of 4176 patients with schizophrenia discharged between April 2004 and March 2005 and receiving outpatient treatment from 526 psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Of the patients, 1437 were included for the analysis. These patients were classified into three groups according to the antipsychotic CPZ-equivalent doses that they received (low, 1 - 299 mg;middle, 300 - 999 mg;and high, ≥1000 mg). QTc intervals ≥ 440 msec were considered prolonged. We reviewed all the package inserts of the antipsychotics used from the website of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. Results: The mean QTc interval of the total patient group was 410.4 ± 23.3 msec. The females had significantly higher QTc values than the males (414.5 ± 24.0 vs. 406.8 ± 22.2 msec, respectively;p 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.83;95% CI: 1.28 - 2.56), CYP3A4-metabolized drugs (OR 1.56;95% CI: 1.05 - 2.30) were associated with an increased risk of QTc prolongation. Conclusion: The co-prescription of CYP3A4-mediated antipsychotic drugs should be carefully considered in females due to potential risk of QTc prolongation. Further studies of the cardiovascular safety of antipsychotics are warranted in patients receiving multiple medications.展开更多
Equations of the reaction-diffusion type are very well known and have been extensively studied in many research areas. In this paper, the prolongation structures for the system of the reaction-diffusion type are inves...Equations of the reaction-diffusion type are very well known and have been extensively studied in many research areas. In this paper, the prolongation structures for the system of the reaction-diffusion type are investigated from theory of coverings. The realizations and the classifications of the one-dimensional coverings of the system are researched. And the corresponding conservation law of the one-dimensional Abelian coverings is concluded, which is closely connected with the symmetry of the system by Noether theorem.展开更多
Drug-induced QT prolongation is a serious clinical issue in developing novel drug candidates and marketing drugs. A major cause of QT prolongation is direct inhibition of human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) c...Drug-induced QT prolongation is a serious clinical issue in developing novel drug candidates and marketing drugs. A major cause of QT prolongation is direct inhibition of human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels. Reduction in repolarization-related channel expression levels on plasma membranes is another mechanism that induces QT prolongation. Recently, we established a system for assessing the risk of QT prolongation by using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters (hES-CMCs) in which the field potential duration (FPD) or corrected FPD (FPDc) was measured as an indicator of drug-induced QT interval prolongation. Here, we examined whether this system was able to detect FPDc prolongation caused by pentamidine or probucol, both of which can induce QT prolongation after long-term treatment. hES-CMCs were treated with pentamidine or probucol, and the FPDc of the same clusters was measured 10 min, 4 h, and 24 h after the start of treatment. Concentration-dependent FPDc prolongation was observed at 24 h, but not at 10 min, with pentamidine or probucol treatment. These results suggest that the hES-CMC-based assessment system can be used to detect both acute (at 10 min) and delayed (at 24 h) QT prolongation risk on the same platform by simple alteration of the extended culture period.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation which describes the propagation of an electron plasma wave packet with a large wavelength and small amplitude in a medium with a parabolic density and c...In this paper, we investigate the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation which describes the propagation of an electron plasma wave packet with a large wavelength and small amplitude in a medium with a parabolic density and constant interactional damping by the Covariant Prolongation Structure Theory. As a result, we obtain general forms of Lax-Pair representations. In addition, some hidden structural symmetries that govern the dynamics of the GP equation such as SL(2,R), SL(2,C), Virasoro algebra, SU(1,1) and SU(2) are unearthed. Using the Riccati form of the linear eigenvalue problem, infinite number of conservation laws of the GP equation is explicitly constructed and the exact analytical soliton solutions are obtained by employing the simple and straightforward Hirota’s bilinear method.展开更多
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entitled the coastal States to naturally extend the continental shelf, which has caused more drastic disputes of maritime delimitation. This paper devotes to clarify...The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entitled the coastal States to naturally extend the continental shelf, which has caused more drastic disputes of maritime delimitation. This paper devotes to clarifying the significant concept of natural prolongation through an effect method combing the legal principles and technical analysis. Firstly, the classic samples with respect of the development of geological features are traced. Based on these samples, the classification with a model is proposed in order to affirm the concept＇s significance under certain geomorphologic situations. Lastly, scientific analysis is used to present two potential prolongation situations and emphasize that all the technical analysis on maritime delimitation should be complied with international law and protect the common interest of all the mankind.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine and propofol are two sedatives used for long-term sedation.It remains unclear whether dexmedetomidine provides superior cerebral protection for patients undergoing long-term mechanical venti...BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine and propofol are two sedatives used for long-term sedation.It remains unclear whether dexmedetomidine provides superior cerebral protection for patients undergoing long-term mechanical ventilation.AIM To compare the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients without brain injury.METHODS Patients who underwent mechanical ventilation for>72 h were randomly assigned to receive sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol.The Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale(RASS)was used to evaluate sedation effects,with a target range of-3 to 0.The primary outcomes were serum levels of S100-βand neuron-specific enolase(NSE)every 24 h.The secondary outcomes were remifentanil dosage,the proportion of patients requiring rescue sedation,and the time and frequency of RASS scores within the target range.RESULTS A total of 52 and 63 patients were allocated to the dexmedetomidine group and propofol group,respectively.Baseline data were comparable between groups.No significant differences were identified between groups within the median duration of study drug infusion[52.0(IQR:36.0-73.5)h vs 53.0(IQR:37.0-72.0)h,P=0.958],the median dose of remifentanil[4.5(IQR:4.0-5.0)μg/kg/h vs 4.6(IQR:4.0-5.0)μg/kg/h,P=0.395],the median percentage of time in the target RASS range without rescue sedation[85.6%(IQR:65.8%-96.6%)vs 86.7%(IQR:72.3%-95.3),P=0.592],and the median frequency within the target RASS range without rescue sedation[72.2%(60.8%-91.7%)vs 73.3%(60.0%-100.0%),P=0.880].The proportion of patients in the dexmedetomidine group who required rescue sedation was higher than in the propofol group with statistical significance(69.2%vs 50.8%,P=0.045).Serum S100-βand NSE levels in the propofol group were higher than in the dexmedetomidine group with statistical significance during the first six and five days of mechanical ventilation,respectively(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine demonstrated stronger protective effects on the brain compared to propofol for long-term mechanical ventilation in patients without brain injury.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12261072)。
文摘The widespread popularization and application of laser technology have provided a powerful tool for a deeper understanding of the material world and given birth to several emerging research fields.This study mainly focuses on the following three key aspects.First,the classical ensemble method is adopted to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of two-dimensional(2D)matter–wave pulses in Bose–Fermi mixed gases(including linear and nonlinear pulses).Second,under the strict constraints of unitary systems,a coupled Kd V equation is successfully derived,and the prolongation structure theory is skillfully used to carry out detailed calculations and analyses on this equation.Thus,the prolongation algebra of this equation is accurately determined,and the corresponding Lax pair is rigorously derived.Finally,based on the carefully obtained Lax pair from the prolongation structure theory,the soliton solutions of this equation are further analyzed in depth,and intuitive images of each soliton solution are carefully drawn.This lays a solid foundation for subsequent detailed research on these soliton characteristics and provides great convenience.
文摘Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia in clinical setting and has been increasingly prevalent due to the aging population.AF is associated with a three to fivefold increased risk of stroke.Treatment options include pharmacological and electrical cardioversion,each carrying specific risks.AF may resolve spontaneously,but often recurs,making a“watch-andwait”strategy a reasonable approach to avoid unnecessary antiarrhythmic therapy.
文摘BACKGROUND QTc interval prolongation with an increased risk of torsade de pointes(Tsd)has been described in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients treated with hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)and azithromycin(AZI)in Western countries.In the DR Congo,few studies have evaluated the safety of this association or proposed new molecules.AIM To determine the incidence of QTc prolongation and Tsd in COVID-19 patients treated with HCQ-AZIs vs doubase C(new molecule).METHODS In present randomized clinical trial,we have included patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 treated with either HCQ-AZI or doubase C.Electrocardiogram(ECG)changes on day 14 of randomization were determined based on pretreatment tracing.Prolonged QTc was defined as≥500 ms on day 14 or an increase of≥80 ms compared to pretreatment tracing.Patients with cardiac disease,those undergoing other treatments likely to prolong QTc,and those with disturbed ECG tracings were excluded from the study.RESULTS The study included 258 patients(mean age 41±15 years;52%men;3.4%diabetics,11.1%hypertensive).Mild and moderate COVID-19 were found in 93.5%and 6.5%of patients,respectively.At baseline,all patients had normal sinus rhythm,a mean heart rate 78±13/min,mean PR space 170±28 ms,mean QRS 76±13 ms,and mean QTc 405±30 ms.No complaints suggesting cardiac involvement were reported during or after treatment.Only four patients(1.5%)experienced QTc interval prolongation beyond 500 ms.Similarly,only five patients(1.9%)had an increase in the QTc interval of more than 80 ms.QTc prolongation was more significant in younger patients,those with high viral load at baseline,and those receiving HCQ-AZI(P<0.05).None of the patients developed Tsd.CONCLUSION QTc prolongation without Tsd was observed at a lower frequency in patients treated with HCQ-AZI vs doubase C.The absence of comorbidities and concurrent use of other products that are likely to cause arrhythmia may explain our results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82230074,81971809 and 82372159)the Liangshan Prefecture Science and Technology Plan Project(23ZDYF0180 and 24YYYJ0043).
文摘BACKGROUND:This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to estimate the probability of prolonged intensive care unit(ICU)stays.METHODS:Pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery were included,with data collected from the pediatric intensive care database.The datasets were randomly divided into a training set(75%)and a testing set(25%).A nomogram model was developed to predict prolonged ICU stays in the training set and then validated in the testing set.RESULTS:A total of 795 patients and 266 patients were assigned to the training and testing sets,respectively,with consistent variables.The nomogram developed from the training set included eight characteristics:age,systolic blood pressure,respiratory rate,bicarbonate,direct bilirubin,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,international normalized ratio,and operation time.The area under the curve values of the nomogram in the training and testing sets were 0.812 and 0.736,respectively.The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination and calibration.Decision curve analysis showed that the use of the nomogram resulted in more favorable outcomes compared with the strategies of treating all or none of the patients.CONCLUSION:This study presents a nomogram that may enable early identification of high-risk patients and facilitates tailored postoperative care and better outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82172441Suzhou City Major Disease Multicenter Clinical Research Project,No.DZXYJ202312+2 种基金Special Funding for Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Plan(Key Research and Development Program for Social Development),No.BE2023737Gusu Health Talent Plan Scientific Research Project,No.GSWS2022109Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,No.SJCX24_2446.
文摘BACKGROUND Fracture nonunion represents a challenging complication during fracture repair,often necessitating surgical intervention.Teriparatide,a recombinant human parathyroid hormone,has demonstrated promise in enhancing fracture healing,although its efficacy in treating established nonunion remains under investigation.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 27-year-old male who presented with a right humerus fracture following a traffic accident.Despite undergoing open reduction and internal fixation,the fracture resulted in a delayed union and subsequent nonunion.After 4 years of conservative management,teriparatide treatment was initiated due to persistent nonunion.Teriparatide injections were administered daily for 6 months,resulting in complete fracture healing and resolution of pain.CONCLUSION Our case demonstrates the successful use of teriparatide in treating a prolonged nonunion of a humerus fracture.Teriparatide may provide a valuable therapeutic option for established bone nonunion,even in cases that have not responded to conservative treatments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32260275)Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2024ZA033)。
文摘Poyang Lake,China's largest freshwater lake,is a critical wintering ground for most of the global Siberian Grane(Grus leucogeranus)population.However,increasingly prolonged dry seasons have degraded the natural wetlands of Poyang Lake,forcing Siberian Cranes to shift to artificial habitats.From 2015 to 2023,field surveys revealed a substantial increase in the number of Siberian Cranes in artificial habitats,with peak counts reaching 3000individuals,accounting for up to 53%of the species'global population.Satellite telemetry of 13 individuals further confirmed the spatial use of these habitats,highlighting their consistent reliance on artificial sites over multiple years.Seven high-use hotspots were identified outside of Poyang Lake,including two artificial provisioning sites that supported dense foraging flocks for extended periods.Satellite telemetry confirmed this trend,with artificial habitats making up to 64.2%of the occurrence sites in some years.This reliance on artificial habitats was closely linked to the reduced tuber biomass in natural wetlands and low winter water levels in Poyang Lake,which collectively explained 83%of the variance in crane abundance in artificial habitats.Artificial habitat use peaked in December and January,indicating marked seasonal variation.Siberian Cranes also exhibited a pronounced circadian rhythm,foraging in artificial habitats during the day and returning to natural wetlands to roost at night.Despite the shift toward artificial habitats,natural wetlands remain critical for nighttime refuge.The continued dependence on artificial habitats raises concerns about disease transmission owing to dense congregations.Conservation strategies should prioritize both the careful management of artificial provisioning sites and the restoration of natural wetlands to improve food and habitat availability within natural ecosystems,ultimately enabling the return of Siberian Cranes to their traditional natural habitats.
文摘Prolonged grief disorder(PGD)is characterized by intense and persistent grief that significantly impairs daily functioning.For bereaved parents,the loss of a child represents an unparalleled emotional challenge,placing them at heightened risk of developing PGD.This review traces the evolution of PGD from early con-ceptualization to current definitions in the International Classification of Diseases,11th revision,and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition,Text Revision.Building on this historical foundation,the analysis examined the prevalence,risk factors,and diagnostic criteria of PGD in bereaved parents,with particular attention to sex differences,the nature of the loss,and the time elapsed since the child’s death.Furthermore,this review examines the multidimensional consequences of PGD on parents,including its emotional,physiological,and functional effects.Evidence-based treatments for PGD,such as psychotherapeutic approaches and emerging interventions,are also discussed.By synthesizing existing research,this review provides a comprehensive under-standing of PGD among bereaved parents,highlights the unique challenges they face,and offers practical insights and recommendations for clinicians working with this population.
文摘AIM To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation in a large series of end stage liver disease(ESLD)patients and its association to clinical variables and mortality.METHODS The QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate for each patient,with a prolonged QT cutoff defined as QT>450 ms for males and QT>470 ms for females.Multiple clinical variables were evaluated including sex,age,serum sodium,international normalized ratio,creatinine,total bilirubin,beta-blocker use,Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD),MELD-Na,and etiology of liver disease.RESULTS Among 406 ESLD patients analyzed,207(51.0%)had QT prolongation.The only clinical variable associated with QT prolongation was male gender(OR=3.04,95%CI:2.01-4.60,P<0.001).During the study period,187patients(46.1%)died.QT prolongation was a significant independent predictor of mortality(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.03-2.77,P=0.039).In addition,mortality was also associated with viral etiology of ESLD,elevated MELD score and its components(P<0.05 for all).No significant reversibility in the QT interval was seen after liver transplantation.CONCLUSION QT prolongation was commonly encountered in an ESLD population,especially in males,and served as a strong independent marker for increased mortality in ESLD patients.
基金The project supported by Tianyuan Foundation for Mathematics under Grant No. 10626016 of National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Beijing Jiao-Wei Key Project under Grant No. KZ 200310028010, and National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10375038
文摘Based on noncommutative differential calculus, we present a theory of prolongation structure for semidiscrete non/inear evolution equations. As an illustrative example, a semi-discrete model of the non/inear SchrSdinger equation is discussed in terms of this theory and the corresponding Lax pairs are also given.
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Fundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(GrantNo.L2010513)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2011M500404)
文摘In this paper, a new nonlinear integrable coupling system of the soliton hierarchy is presented. Prom the Lax pairs, the coupled KdV equations are constructed successfully. Based on the prolongation method of Wahlquist and Estabrook, we study the prolongation structure of the nonlinear integrable couplings of the KdV equation.
文摘Based upon the covariant prolongation structures theory, we construct the sl（2, R）×R（p） prolongation structure for Konno-Asai-Kakuhata equation. By taking two and one-dimensional prolongation spaces, we obtain the inverse scattering equations given by Konno et al. and the corresponding Riccati equation. The Baecklund transformations are also presented.
文摘The Wahlquist-Estabrook （WE） prolongation structures of modified Boussi-nesq （MB） system are studied from the coverings point of view. The realizations and classifications of one-dimensional coverings of this system are obtained completely. More-over the sufficient and necessary conditions for a vector field to be a nonlocal symmetry of this system are also demonstrated in the WE prolongation structures.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10735030and90718041)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(Grant No.B412)+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars,the Innovative Research Team in University,Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.IRT0734)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University,China
文摘The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist-Estabrook [Wahlquist H D and Estabrook F B 1975 J. Math. Phys. 16 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a variable-coefficient KdV equation. Based on the obtained prolongation structure, a Lie algebra with five parameters is constructed. Under certain conditions, a Lie algebra representation and three kinds of Lax pairs for the variable coefficient KdV equation are derived.
文摘Objective: To identify the effects of antipsychotics on QTc prolongation in light of age, gender, antipsychotic combination pattern, antipsychotic doses and cytochrome P450 (CYP) mediation, using large database describing the antipsychotic treatment of patients with schizophrenia in Japan. Methods: Using database of 4176 patients with schizophrenia discharged between April 2004 and March 2005 and receiving outpatient treatment from 526 psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Of the patients, 1437 were included for the analysis. These patients were classified into three groups according to the antipsychotic CPZ-equivalent doses that they received (low, 1 - 299 mg;middle, 300 - 999 mg;and high, ≥1000 mg). QTc intervals ≥ 440 msec were considered prolonged. We reviewed all the package inserts of the antipsychotics used from the website of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. Results: The mean QTc interval of the total patient group was 410.4 ± 23.3 msec. The females had significantly higher QTc values than the males (414.5 ± 24.0 vs. 406.8 ± 22.2 msec, respectively;p 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.83;95% CI: 1.28 - 2.56), CYP3A4-metabolized drugs (OR 1.56;95% CI: 1.05 - 2.30) were associated with an increased risk of QTc prolongation. Conclusion: The co-prescription of CYP3A4-mediated antipsychotic drugs should be carefully considered in females due to potential risk of QTc prolongation. Further studies of the cardiovascular safety of antipsychotics are warranted in patients receiving multiple medications.
文摘Equations of the reaction-diffusion type are very well known and have been extensively studied in many research areas. In this paper, the prolongation structures for the system of the reaction-diffusion type are investigated from theory of coverings. The realizations and the classifications of the one-dimensional coverings of the system are researched. And the corresponding conservation law of the one-dimensional Abelian coverings is concluded, which is closely connected with the symmetry of the system by Noether theorem.
文摘Drug-induced QT prolongation is a serious clinical issue in developing novel drug candidates and marketing drugs. A major cause of QT prolongation is direct inhibition of human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels. Reduction in repolarization-related channel expression levels on plasma membranes is another mechanism that induces QT prolongation. Recently, we established a system for assessing the risk of QT prolongation by using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte clusters (hES-CMCs) in which the field potential duration (FPD) or corrected FPD (FPDc) was measured as an indicator of drug-induced QT interval prolongation. Here, we examined whether this system was able to detect FPDc prolongation caused by pentamidine or probucol, both of which can induce QT prolongation after long-term treatment. hES-CMCs were treated with pentamidine or probucol, and the FPDc of the same clusters was measured 10 min, 4 h, and 24 h after the start of treatment. Concentration-dependent FPDc prolongation was observed at 24 h, but not at 10 min, with pentamidine or probucol treatment. These results suggest that the hES-CMC-based assessment system can be used to detect both acute (at 10 min) and delayed (at 24 h) QT prolongation risk on the same platform by simple alteration of the extended culture period.
文摘In this paper, we investigate the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation which describes the propagation of an electron plasma wave packet with a large wavelength and small amplitude in a medium with a parabolic density and constant interactional damping by the Covariant Prolongation Structure Theory. As a result, we obtain general forms of Lax-Pair representations. In addition, some hidden structural symmetries that govern the dynamics of the GP equation such as SL(2,R), SL(2,C), Virasoro algebra, SU(1,1) and SU(2) are unearthed. Using the Riccati form of the linear eigenvalue problem, infinite number of conservation laws of the GP equation is explicitly constructed and the exact analytical soliton solutions are obtained by employing the simple and straightforward Hirota’s bilinear method.
基金The National Social Science Foundation of China under contract No.16CFX069China Postdoctoral Science Foundations under contract Nos 2015M581913 and 2016T90531the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entitled the coastal States to naturally extend the continental shelf, which has caused more drastic disputes of maritime delimitation. This paper devotes to clarifying the significant concept of natural prolongation through an effect method combing the legal principles and technical analysis. Firstly, the classic samples with respect of the development of geological features are traced. Based on these samples, the classification with a model is proposed in order to affirm the concept＇s significance under certain geomorphologic situations. Lastly, scientific analysis is used to present two potential prolongation situations and emphasize that all the technical analysis on maritime delimitation should be complied with international law and protect the common interest of all the mankind.
文摘BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine and propofol are two sedatives used for long-term sedation.It remains unclear whether dexmedetomidine provides superior cerebral protection for patients undergoing long-term mechanical ventilation.AIM To compare the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients without brain injury.METHODS Patients who underwent mechanical ventilation for>72 h were randomly assigned to receive sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol.The Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale(RASS)was used to evaluate sedation effects,with a target range of-3 to 0.The primary outcomes were serum levels of S100-βand neuron-specific enolase(NSE)every 24 h.The secondary outcomes were remifentanil dosage,the proportion of patients requiring rescue sedation,and the time and frequency of RASS scores within the target range.RESULTS A total of 52 and 63 patients were allocated to the dexmedetomidine group and propofol group,respectively.Baseline data were comparable between groups.No significant differences were identified between groups within the median duration of study drug infusion[52.0(IQR:36.0-73.5)h vs 53.0(IQR:37.0-72.0)h,P=0.958],the median dose of remifentanil[4.5(IQR:4.0-5.0)μg/kg/h vs 4.6(IQR:4.0-5.0)μg/kg/h,P=0.395],the median percentage of time in the target RASS range without rescue sedation[85.6%(IQR:65.8%-96.6%)vs 86.7%(IQR:72.3%-95.3),P=0.592],and the median frequency within the target RASS range without rescue sedation[72.2%(60.8%-91.7%)vs 73.3%(60.0%-100.0%),P=0.880].The proportion of patients in the dexmedetomidine group who required rescue sedation was higher than in the propofol group with statistical significance(69.2%vs 50.8%,P=0.045).Serum S100-βand NSE levels in the propofol group were higher than in the dexmedetomidine group with statistical significance during the first six and five days of mechanical ventilation,respectively(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine demonstrated stronger protective effects on the brain compared to propofol for long-term mechanical ventilation in patients without brain injury.
