[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the residues of 10 plant growth regulators(PGRs)in bean sprouts.[Methods]Using bean sprouts as the test material,a high-performa...[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the residues of 10 plant growth regulators(PGRs)in bean sprouts.[Methods]Using bean sprouts as the test material,a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method was established to determine the residual levels of 10 PGRs in bean sprouts.[Results]Under optimized conditions,the retention time of the 10 PGRs ranged from 6.45 to 11.43 min.When the mass concentration ranged from 0.005 to 0.05μg/ml,all PGRs exhibited good linearity,with correlation coefficients(r)≥0.9991.The limits of detection(LODs,S/N=3)were in the range of 0.30-0.92μg/kg,and the limits of quantification(LOQs)were in the range of 0.50-2.10μg/kg.The average recovery values at three concentration levels ranged from 80%to 105.8%,with relative standard deviations(RSD s,n=6)of 2.8%-7.5%.[Conclusions]This method is simple and accurate,and provides technical reference for food safety monitoring.展开更多
Glucosinolates, anthocyanins, total phenols, and vitamin C, as well as antioxidant capacity, were investigated in Chinese kale sprouts treated with both glucose and gibberellic acid（GA_3）. The combination of 3%（0.0...Glucosinolates, anthocyanins, total phenols, and vitamin C, as well as antioxidant capacity, were investigated in Chinese kale sprouts treated with both glucose and gibberellic acid（GA_3）. The combination of 3%（0.03 g/ml） glucose and 5 μmol/L GA_3 treatment was effective in increasing glucosinolate content while glucose or GA_3 treatment alone did not influence significantly almost all individual glucosinolates or total glucosinolates. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Chinese kale sprouts were enhanced by combined treatment with glucose and GA_3, which could be useful in improving the main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity in Chinese kale sprouts.展开更多
Glucosinolates are important phytochemicals in Brassicaceae.We investigated the effect of CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water(CHEW)on glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts.The results showed that CHEW treatment ...Glucosinolates are important phytochemicals in Brassicaceae.We investigated the effect of CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water(CHEW)on glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts.The results showed that CHEW treatment significantly decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdeh yde(MDA)contents in broccoli sprouts.On the the 8^(th)day,compared to tap water treatment,the the total glucosinolate content of broccoli sprouts with CHEW treatment increased by 10.6%and calcium content was dramatically enhanced from 14.4 mg/g DW to 22.7 mg/g DW.Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that CHEW treatment activated ROS and calcium signaling transduction pathways in broccoli sprouts and they interacted through MAPK cascades.Besides,CHEW treatment not only promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids,but also enhanced the expression of structural genes in glucosinolate synthesis through transcription factors(MYBs,bHLHs,WRKYs,etc.).The results of this study provided new insights into the regulatory network of glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts under CHEW treatment.展开更多
With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of people s income levels,consumers demand for agricultural products has also changed.Rape sprouts as a new type of green and pollution-free he...With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of people s income levels,consumers demand for agricultural products has also changed.Rape sprouts as a new type of green and pollution-free health food meet people s needs.In this paper,we summarized a set of home cultivation techniques for green and healthy rape sprouts.The techniques are simple to operate and low in cost.Growers can notonly experience the fun of planting and but also taste green and healthy food.展开更多
Se-chitosan with a high Se content of 139 mg/g was successfully synthesized using the glacial acetic acid-sodium selenite(HAc-Na2SeO3)method.The chemical structure of Se-chitosan was characterized by FTIR,XRD,TGA,UV–...Se-chitosan with a high Se content of 139 mg/g was successfully synthesized using the glacial acetic acid-sodium selenite(HAc-Na2SeO3)method.The chemical structure of Se-chitosan was characterized by FTIR,XRD,TGA,UV–vis and 13C NMR,confirming that selenite acid was introduced into chitosan via the esterification reaction of the hydroxyl group at C6 and the electrostatic interaction of the amino group at C2 of chitosan.Agarose hydrogels were designed as an efficient carrier of Se-chitosan for Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts.The hydrogels exhibited a porous structure,which is beneficial for Se diffusion in hydrogels.The growth indexes of sprouts grown in Agar/Se-chitosan composite hydrogels with different Se concentrations,including plant weight,plant height and Se content,were investigated.The results showed that in the Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts,Se-chitosan possessed an excellent Se enrichment effect.As the Se concentration in Agar/Se-chitosan composite hydrogels increases from 0 to 1600μg/L,the Se content of the sprouts will also increase from 0.92 mg/kg to 6.79 mg/kg accordingly.Moreover,it is necessary to control the amount of Se-chitosan added to the hydrogels;otherwise,the growth of sprouts will be inhibited.This research provided a simple and effective method for the fabrication of Secontaining hydrogels for Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of broccoli sprouts juice in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model.METHODS: Totally 25 male Wistar rats were divided into negative control group, diabetic group witho...AIM: To investigate the effect of broccoli sprouts juice in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model.METHODS: Totally 25 male Wistar rats were divided into negative control group, diabetic group without juice treatment as positive control and diabetic group given broccoli sprouts juice 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/d for 28 d. Diabetic rat model was obtained by administering a single dose streptozotocin 65 mg/kg intraperitoneal. At the end of the study, all rats were examined for fasting blood sugar level(FBS), visual cataract score using slit lamp biomicroscope and lens αB-crystallin expression using Western blot method. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with post hoc test, correlation test, and simple linear regression.RESULTS: Positive control group had the highest cataract score and lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression. Broccoli sprout juice dose of 1 g/d group had the mildest cataract score, as well as the expression of lens aggregated αB-crystallin compared to treatments groups 1 and 2, opposite to lens native αB-crystallin expression. The broccoli sprout juice groups gave a significant decrease in cataract score, and also in lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression in diabetic rat models(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Broccoli sprout juice has a significant effect in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model. The higher dose gives better visual cataract scores, lower lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression and higher lens native αB-crystallin expression.展开更多
Sprouts are ready-to-eat and are recognized worldwide as functional components of the human diet.Recent advances in innovative agricultural techniques could enable an increase in the production of healthy food.The use...Sprouts are ready-to-eat and are recognized worldwide as functional components of the human diet.Recent advances in innovative agricultural techniques could enable an increase in the production of healthy food.The use of light-emitting diode(LED)in indoor agricultural production could alter the biological feedback loop,increasing the functional benefits of plant foods such as wheat and lentil sprouts and promoting the bioavailability of nutrients.The effects of white(W),red(R),and blue(B)light were investigated on the growth parameters and nutritional value of wheat and lentil sprouts.In the laboratory,seeds were sown under three different LED treat-ments:white,red,and blue light,while normal incandescent light served as a control.Percentage seed germina-tion improved by 18.34%and 12.67%for wheat and 18.34%and 12.67%for lentil sprouts under LED treatments R and B,respectively.An increase in total soluble protein and sugar by 33.4%and 9.23%in wheat and by 31.5%and 5.87%in lentils was observed under the R LED treatment.Vitamin C concentrations in wheat and lentils were significantly increased by R LED compared to all other treatments.Other parameters,including potassium and sodium concentrations,were significantly increased under red and blue light compared to the control;white light,on the other hand,significantly decreased all these parameters.According to the experimental data,red and blue LED light could be beneficial in the production of functional wheat and lentil sprouts with high nutrient concentrations.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the change in total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity,and resveratrol content of five different germinated peanut cultivars.Methods: The germinated sprouts of five peanut cultivars(Kal...Objective: To investigate the change in total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity,and resveratrol content of five different germinated peanut cultivars.Methods: The germinated sprouts of five peanut cultivars(Kalasin1, Kalasin2, Konkaen,Konkaen4, and Tainan9) were extracted with 80% ethanol and collected as crude extract.The antioxidant capacities were determined with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power method.The total phenolic compound was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteau assay.The qualification and quantification of resveratrol was performed by high performance liquid chromatography method.Results: Among the five cultivars, a three-day germination of Kalasin1 showed the highest phenolic content [(40.67 ± 2.62) mg gallic acid/g dry weight], expressed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant value [(80.51 ± 1.47) mmol/L Trolox/g dry weight], and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power antioxidant value [(171.33 ± 8.59)mmol/L ascorbic acid/g dry weight].However, the high performance liquid chromatography result of Kalasin2 significantly increased to the highest resveratrol content of(6.44 ± 1.26) mg/g dry weight on the second day of germination.Conclusions: The variation of phytochemical content in the peanut sprout is due to the effect of the peanut cultivar and the germination period.展开更多
Mung bean(Vigna radiata)sprouts are widely consumed worldwide due to their high nutritional value.However,the low yield and microbial contamination of mung bean sprouts seriously reduces their economic value.This stud...Mung bean(Vigna radiata)sprouts are widely consumed worldwide due to their high nutritional value.However,the low yield and microbial contamination of mung bean sprouts seriously reduces their economic value.This study investigates the effects of non-thermal plasma on the quality and microbial reduction of mung bean sprouts by pretreatment of seeds in water for different times(0,1,3 and 6 min).The quality results showed that short-time plasma treatment(1 and 3 min)promoted seed germination and seedling growth,whereas long-time plasma treatment(6 min)had inhibitory effects.Plasma also had a similar dose effects on the total flavonoid and phenolic contents of mung bean sprouts.The microbiological results showed that plasma treatment achieved a reduction of native microorganisms ranging from 0.54 to 7.09 log for fungi and 0.29 to 6.80 log for bacteria at 96 h incubation.Meanwhile,plasma treatment could also efficiently inactivate artificially inoculated Salmonella typhimurium(1.83–6.22 log)and yeast(0.53–3.19 log)on mung bean seeds.The results of seed coat permeability tests and scanning electron microscopy showed that plasma could damage the seed coat structure,consequently increasing the electrical conductivity of mung bean seeds.The physicochemical analysis of plasma-treated water showed that plasma generated various long-and short-lived active species[nitric oxide radicals(NO·),hydroxyl radicals(·OH),singlet oxygen(1O2),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and nitrite(NO_(2)^(-))]in water,thus the oxidizability,acidity and conductivity of plasma-treated water were all increased in a treatment timedependent manner.The result for mimicked chemical mixtures confirmed the synergistic effect of activity of H_(2)O_(2),NO_(3)^(-)and NO_(2)^(-)on bacterial inactivation and plant growth promotion.Taken together,these results imply that plasma pretreatment of mung bean seeds in water with moderate oxidizability and acidity is an effective method to improve the yield of mung bean sprouts and reduce microbial contamination.展开更多
Background:The relationship between physiological age of parental trees and lifespan of clonal offspring is unclear.White oak(Quercus fabri Hance)has a high sprouting capability after harvest,with the regenerated spro...Background:The relationship between physiological age of parental trees and lifespan of clonal offspring is unclear.White oak(Quercus fabri Hance)has a high sprouting capability after harvest,with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal individuals.To determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent,the senescence levels of 5-,10-,20-and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were evaluated.The antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were compared.Results:Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems,with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old sprouts.Older leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger leaves.However,older sprouts had some unhealthy characteristics,such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome,proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves,which indicates that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger leaves.Additionally,plant-pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots,which indicates that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic stress.Conclusions:The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts,although the former had some unhealthy characteristics.We conclude that during their first 40 years of growth,regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce,and that physiological age of parental trees does not significantly affect the lifespan of its clonal offspring.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to effectively monitor PGR residues in bean sprouts to provide guarantee for the food safety of agricultural products.[Methods]A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to effectively monitor PGR residues in bean sprouts to provide guarantee for the food safety of agricultural products.[Methods]A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method for the determination of residues of 15 plant growth regulators(PGRs)in bean sprouts was established using bean sprouts as an experimental material.Samples were extracted with a solution containing 5%acetic acid-acetonitrile(1∶99,V/V),purified with anhydrous magnesium sulfate,and diluted with methanol solvent to constant volume.The solutions were filtered through 0.22μm filtering membrane and the target analytes were separated on a Phenomenex H18 column.The identification of each compound was established by retention time matching along with the accurate mass measurement of the precursor ions and their main fragment ions.The quantification was carried out using matrix-matched external standard method.[Results]The retention time of the 15 PGRs were found in the range from 5.8-11.7 min under the optimized conditions.The linear relation was good in the concentration range of 0.005-0.050μg/ml,and the correlation coefficients of the 15 PGRs were≥0.9990.The limits of detection were in the range of 0.03-0.92 g/kg,and the limits of quantification were in the range of 0.50-2.10μg/kg.The average recovery in the recovery test at 3 concentration levels was 80%-110%,and the relative standard deviations were in the range of 2.8%-7.5%.[Conclusions]This method is simple and accurate,and can quickly qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the residues of 15 PGRs in bean sprouts.The proposed procedure was simple,quick and accurate for the simultaneous determination of the 15 PGRs in bean sprout.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of genetic transformation using growing points of corn sprouts. [Methods] A mixed liquid of plant hormones 6-BA and KT at a suitable concentration and ra...[Objectives] This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of genetic transformation using growing points of corn sprouts. [Methods] A mixed liquid of plant hormones 6-BA and KT at a suitable concentration and ratio was added dropwise to the growing points of corn sprouts, followed by culture under appropriate conditions. [Results] Corn sprouts could be induced to form multiple plants, thereby improving the transformation efficiency of growing points in corn sprouts. [Conclusions] This study provides a breeding method using growing points of corn sprouts as transformation receptors for direct plantlet formation without tissue culture by the Agrobacterium transgenic technology.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of different cooking methods on the nutritional composition and eating quality of peanut sprouts(PS).Five cooking methods including boiling,steaming,microwave heating,roasting,and d...This study investigated the effects of different cooking methods on the nutritional composition and eating quality of peanut sprouts(PS).Five cooking methods including boiling,steaming,microwave heating,roasting,and deep-frying were tested.Microwave heating resulted in the highest retention of crude protein(98.0%)and carbohydrate content(92.9%),while fatty acid content did not significantly differ from levels detected in untreated PS.Compared to uncooked sprouts,cooked PS exhibited increased levels of ash,fat,protein,carbohydrate,fiber,and fatty acid with a decreased moisture content.Steamed PS retained better structural integrity with higher viscosity.Microwaved and roasted PS received higher sensory scores and similar textural properties.Regarding color,microwaved and roasted PS received the highest brightness value(L^(*)),with moderate redness(a^(*))and yellowness(b^(*))values.The sensory evaluation results aligned with the textural and color data,suggesting that microwaved PS would be generally accepted by the public.展开更多
Sprouts from germinated seeds of edible herbaceous plants are richer in bioactive compounds and micronutrients than mature plants.In recent years,the consumption of sprouted seeds in diets and the interest in explorin...Sprouts from germinated seeds of edible herbaceous plants are richer in bioactive compounds and micronutrients than mature plants.In recent years,the consumption of sprouted seeds in diets and the interest in exploring vegetable sprout’s potential beneficial effects on human health has increased.In this work,the five-day-old sprouts of Cannabis sativa L.cultivar“Futura 75”were investigated and characterized.Hemp sprouts were obtained by germination tests under standard and enrichment conditions using the microalgal strain Chlorella sp.C2 and the bacterium Sphingomonas sp.Can_S11.The biochemical properties of hemp sprouts were analyzed for total polyphenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities(DPPH,ABTS,FRAP,ORAC,and Fe^(2+)-chelating activity)by in vitro assays.A significant increase in phenolic compounds and greater antioxidant and anti-radical activities were observed for hemp sprouts obtained under enrichment conditions(dry microalgal biomass C2 and the bacterium Can_S11).Additionally,these sprouts and C.sativa seeds demonstrated enhanced protective effects on inflamed A549 cells,effectively mitigating the TNF-αinduced changes and reducing the expression of IL-8 and COX-2.Overall,PGP(Plant Growth Promoting)microorganisms and microalgae represent a good strategy to promote the development of hemp sprouts and increase their phytochemical content,and antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity.展开更多
Background:Sustainable production of microscale and leafy vegetables,especially sprouts,microgreens,and baby greens in controlled environment agriculture,represents a key innovation of the 21st century.A controlled en...Background:Sustainable production of microscale and leafy vegetables,especially sprouts,microgreens,and baby greens in controlled environment agriculture,represents a key innovation of the 21st century.A controlled environment mimics natural growth conditions,enabling a year-round supply of leafy vegetables while ensuring standard quality and maximizing nutrient bioavailability.Scope and approach:This review comprehensively describes the most recent trends in indoor cultivation practices to enhance the quality and nutrient profile of microscale and leafy vegetables,emphasizing the role of technological innovations,substrate selection,artificial lighting,and other environmental factors.It also discussed the vital role of these vegetables in alleviating the triple burden of hunger and strengthening global food and nutrition security while catering to the rising demand for premium and health-promoting food products.Despite being an excellent alternative to conventional agriculture,limitations persist with CEA preventing its large-scale application globally;hence,challenges and prospects are also outlined in detail.Key findings and conclusion:Adopting environmentally sustainable technologies and soilless cultivation has created numerous opportunities for the efficient production of nutrient-dense sprouts,microgreens,and baby greens enriched with vitamins,protein,dietary fibers,phenolics,flavonoids,and antioxidants.These methods offer cost-effective solutions with minimal processing while reducing the harmful impact of soil-borne pathogens,pesticides,and climate change.Additionally,temperature modulation in specific ranges and artificial light sources,especially LED and UV-LED,have significantly proven efficient for indoor vertical farming.These sustainable practices tend to mitigate global food demand and address malnutrition deficiencies.展开更多
Alfalfa and fenugreek sprouts are healthy foods,but they are occasionally contaminated with bacterial pathogens and serve as vehicles for transmitting foodborne illnesses.This study examined the efficacy of ascaroside...Alfalfa and fenugreek sprouts are healthy foods,but they are occasionally contaminated with bacterial pathogens and serve as vehicles for transmitting foodborne illnesses.This study examined the efficacy of ascaroside(ascr)#18 treatment for the control of enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC)growth on sprouts.Commercial alfalfa and fenugreek seeds were decontaminated with 20,000 ppm of NaClO,and residual chlorine was neutralized with Dey-Engley broth.Decontaminated seeds were treated with 1 mM or 1μM ascr#18,a plant immunity modulator,before being dried and mixed with sandy soil inoculated with E.coli F4546 or BAA-2326 at 10^(4)-10^(5)CFU/g.The inoculated seeds were sprouted on 1%water agar at 25◦C for 7 days in the dark.Seed or sprout samples were collected on days 0,1,3,5,and 7 for enumeration of bacterial populations.Data was fit into the general linear model and analyzed using Fisher’s least significant different test of the statistical analysis software.Treatment with ascr#18 significantly(P≤0.05)reduced the cell population of EHEC on sprouts.The mean EHEC populations in the 1 mM or 1μM treatment groups were 3.31 or 1.56 log CFU/g lower compared to the control groups.Besides treatment,sprout seed type and sprouting time were also significant independent variables influencing the growth of EHEC,according to the results of type III error analysis.However,EHEC strain type was not a significant independent variable.The study suggests that ascr#18 could be potentially used to control EHEC contamination and improve the microbial safety of sprouts.展开更多
A comparative analysis was conducted on seventeen sprouts from vegetable and non-vegetable sources belonging to various plant families such as Asteraceae,Brassicaceae,Fabaceae,and Poaceae.The study focused on evaluati...A comparative analysis was conducted on seventeen sprouts from vegetable and non-vegetable sources belonging to various plant families such as Asteraceae,Brassicaceae,Fabaceae,and Poaceae.The study focused on evaluating their phytochemical composition(total phenolics,glucosinolates,and anthocyanins),antioxidant capacity(DPPH assay),antidiabetic activity(inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase),and hypocholesterolemic effect(inhibition of HMGR).Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that vegetable sprouts generally exhibited higher levels of phytochemicals and bioactivities compared to cereal sprouts.Red radish sprouts,in particular,showed the highest concentrations of all analyzed phytochemicals and significant bioactivities.Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis underscored the importance of antioxidants,which subsequently affect antidiabetic and hypocholesterolemic activities.Among the phytochemicals,phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were highlighted as more significant than anthocyanins,considering their types and synergistic effects.Molecular docking analysis suggested that these compounds possess strong affinity and specificity towards the enzymes mentioned,indicating their potential for innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating enzyme activity.展开更多
Gravity-induced pressure(GIP)has been demonstrated to enhance the phenotypic appearance of mung bean sprouts;however,the mechanism underlying the growth behaviors of mung bean sprouts in response to GIP remains unclea...Gravity-induced pressure(GIP)has been demonstrated to enhance the phenotypic appearance of mung bean sprouts;however,the mechanism underlying the growth behaviors of mung bean sprouts in response to GIP remains unclear.The objective of this study was to investigate the association between physiological and biochemical indicators of mung bean sprouts and GIP treatment using multi-omics approaches.In combination with increased hypocotyl thickness,GIP improved the antioxidant capacity of mung bean sprouts by elevating levels of ascorbic acid and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)scavenging rate,as well as enhancing catalase and peroxidase activities.Of the 9 hormones changed following GIP treatment,indole-3-acetic acid,abscisic acid(ABA),3-indolepropionic acid,gibberellic acid 4,and brassinosteroids showed GIP-dependent increases,reaching their highest levels under the 350 Pa.Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed a significant enrichment of the polyphenol biosynthetic pathway in response to 350 Pa.Despite no significant changes in the content of polyphenols,they comprised over 50%of the identified differential metabolites,indicating a shift in their composition and resulting in a remarkable increase in ABTS scavenging rate.The increased ABA level suggested an enriched ABA signalling pathway associated with enhanced stress resistance induced by GIP in mung bean sprouts.Moreover,both the activity and expression levels of ascorbate oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were decreased,which may be responsible for a 47.06%increase in ascorbic acid content.The utilization of GIP at 350 Pa is highly recommended for improving quality during mung bean sprout production.This study may serve as a valuable reference for practical production techniques related to mung bean sprouts and further exploration into GIP-induced plant stress resistance.展开更多
The authors regret that the Acknowledgement section was omitted in the original publication.The missed Acknowledgement section is as follows:The authors acknowledge Prof.Dr.L.Luksiene for her contributions to the earl...The authors regret that the Acknowledgement section was omitted in the original publication.The missed Acknowledgement section is as follows:The authors acknowledge Prof.Dr.L.Luksiene for her contributions to the early development of this work and Assoc.Prof.Arunas Marsalka for assistance with EPR measurements.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.展开更多
基金Supported by Outstanding Talent Development Program of Hebei ProvinceTangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202005).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the residues of 10 plant growth regulators(PGRs)in bean sprouts.[Methods]Using bean sprouts as the test material,a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method was established to determine the residual levels of 10 PGRs in bean sprouts.[Results]Under optimized conditions,the retention time of the 10 PGRs ranged from 6.45 to 11.43 min.When the mass concentration ranged from 0.005 to 0.05μg/ml,all PGRs exhibited good linearity,with correlation coefficients(r)≥0.9991.The limits of detection(LODs,S/N=3)were in the range of 0.30-0.92μg/kg,and the limits of quantification(LOQs)were in the range of 0.50-2.10μg/kg.The average recovery values at three concentration levels ranged from 80%to 105.8%,with relative standard deviations(RSD s,n=6)of 2.8%-7.5%.[Conclusions]This method is simple and accurate,and provides technical reference for food safety monitoring.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31270343 and 31500247)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2015M581922)
文摘Glucosinolates, anthocyanins, total phenols, and vitamin C, as well as antioxidant capacity, were investigated in Chinese kale sprouts treated with both glucose and gibberellic acid（GA_3）. The combination of 3%（0.03 g/ml） glucose and 5 μmol/L GA_3 treatment was effective in increasing glucosinolate content while glucose or GA_3 treatment alone did not influence significantly almost all individual glucosinolates or total glucosinolates. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Chinese kale sprouts were enhanced by combined treatment with glucose and GA_3, which could be useful in improving the main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity in Chinese kale sprouts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972091)。
文摘Glucosinolates are important phytochemicals in Brassicaceae.We investigated the effect of CaCl_(2)-HCl electrolyzed water(CHEW)on glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts.The results showed that CHEW treatment significantly decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdeh yde(MDA)contents in broccoli sprouts.On the the 8^(th)day,compared to tap water treatment,the the total glucosinolate content of broccoli sprouts with CHEW treatment increased by 10.6%and calcium content was dramatically enhanced from 14.4 mg/g DW to 22.7 mg/g DW.Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that CHEW treatment activated ROS and calcium signaling transduction pathways in broccoli sprouts and they interacted through MAPK cascades.Besides,CHEW treatment not only promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids,but also enhanced the expression of structural genes in glucosinolate synthesis through transcription factors(MYBs,bHLHs,WRKYs,etc.).The results of this study provided new insights into the regulatory network of glucosinolates biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts under CHEW treatment.
基金National Rape Industry System Construction Project(CARS-12)Sichuan Innovation Team Project(2019-2023).
文摘With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of people s income levels,consumers demand for agricultural products has also changed.Rape sprouts as a new type of green and pollution-free health food meet people s needs.In this paper,we summarized a set of home cultivation techniques for green and healthy rape sprouts.The techniques are simple to operate and low in cost.Growers can notonly experience the fun of planting and but also taste green and healthy food.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of Suzhou(SNG2021029)the Educational Commission of Jiangsu Province of China(20KJA150011)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Program of Innovative Research Team of Soochow University.
文摘Se-chitosan with a high Se content of 139 mg/g was successfully synthesized using the glacial acetic acid-sodium selenite(HAc-Na2SeO3)method.The chemical structure of Se-chitosan was characterized by FTIR,XRD,TGA,UV–vis and 13C NMR,confirming that selenite acid was introduced into chitosan via the esterification reaction of the hydroxyl group at C6 and the electrostatic interaction of the amino group at C2 of chitosan.Agarose hydrogels were designed as an efficient carrier of Se-chitosan for Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts.The hydrogels exhibited a porous structure,which is beneficial for Se diffusion in hydrogels.The growth indexes of sprouts grown in Agar/Se-chitosan composite hydrogels with different Se concentrations,including plant weight,plant height and Se content,were investigated.The results showed that in the Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts,Se-chitosan possessed an excellent Se enrichment effect.As the Se concentration in Agar/Se-chitosan composite hydrogels increases from 0 to 1600μg/L,the Se content of the sprouts will also increase from 0.92 mg/kg to 6.79 mg/kg accordingly.Moreover,it is necessary to control the amount of Se-chitosan added to the hydrogels;otherwise,the growth of sprouts will be inhibited.This research provided a simple and effective method for the fabrication of Secontaining hydrogels for Se-enriched cultivation of sprouts.
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of broccoli sprouts juice in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model.METHODS: Totally 25 male Wistar rats were divided into negative control group, diabetic group without juice treatment as positive control and diabetic group given broccoli sprouts juice 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/d for 28 d. Diabetic rat model was obtained by administering a single dose streptozotocin 65 mg/kg intraperitoneal. At the end of the study, all rats were examined for fasting blood sugar level(FBS), visual cataract score using slit lamp biomicroscope and lens αB-crystallin expression using Western blot method. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with post hoc test, correlation test, and simple linear regression.RESULTS: Positive control group had the highest cataract score and lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression. Broccoli sprout juice dose of 1 g/d group had the mildest cataract score, as well as the expression of lens aggregated αB-crystallin compared to treatments groups 1 and 2, opposite to lens native αB-crystallin expression. The broccoli sprout juice groups gave a significant decrease in cataract score, and also in lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression in diabetic rat models(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Broccoli sprout juice has a significant effect in preventing lens protein aggregation in diabetic rat model. The higher dose gives better visual cataract scores, lower lens aggregated αB-crystallin expression and higher lens native αB-crystallin expression.
基金Supported by Researchers Supporting Project Number(RSP2024R410)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Sprouts are ready-to-eat and are recognized worldwide as functional components of the human diet.Recent advances in innovative agricultural techniques could enable an increase in the production of healthy food.The use of light-emitting diode(LED)in indoor agricultural production could alter the biological feedback loop,increasing the functional benefits of plant foods such as wheat and lentil sprouts and promoting the bioavailability of nutrients.The effects of white(W),red(R),and blue(B)light were investigated on the growth parameters and nutritional value of wheat and lentil sprouts.In the laboratory,seeds were sown under three different LED treat-ments:white,red,and blue light,while normal incandescent light served as a control.Percentage seed germina-tion improved by 18.34%and 12.67%for wheat and 18.34%and 12.67%for lentil sprouts under LED treatments R and B,respectively.An increase in total soluble protein and sugar by 33.4%and 9.23%in wheat and by 31.5%and 5.87%in lentils was observed under the R LED treatment.Vitamin C concentrations in wheat and lentils were significantly increased by R LED compared to all other treatments.Other parameters,including potassium and sodium concentrations,were significantly increased under red and blue light compared to the control;white light,on the other hand,significantly decreased all these parameters.According to the experimental data,red and blue LED light could be beneficial in the production of functional wheat and lentil sprouts with high nutrient concentrations.
基金Supported by the National Research Council of Thailand 2015[grant number:R2558B114]
文摘Objective: To investigate the change in total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity,and resveratrol content of five different germinated peanut cultivars.Methods: The germinated sprouts of five peanut cultivars(Kalasin1, Kalasin2, Konkaen,Konkaen4, and Tainan9) were extracted with 80% ethanol and collected as crude extract.The antioxidant capacities were determined with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power method.The total phenolic compound was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteau assay.The qualification and quantification of resveratrol was performed by high performance liquid chromatography method.Results: Among the five cultivars, a three-day germination of Kalasin1 showed the highest phenolic content [(40.67 ± 2.62) mg gallic acid/g dry weight], expressed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant value [(80.51 ± 1.47) mmol/L Trolox/g dry weight], and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power antioxidant value [(171.33 ± 8.59)mmol/L ascorbic acid/g dry weight].However, the high performance liquid chromatography result of Kalasin2 significantly increased to the highest resveratrol content of(6.44 ± 1.26) mg/g dry weight on the second day of germination.Conclusions: The variation of phytochemical content in the peanut sprout is due to the effect of the peanut cultivar and the germination period.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11605159 and 11405147)Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2017M612412)+3 种基金the Foundation of Key Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.182102311115)Key Discipline Construction Project of Zhengzhou University(No.32410257)Youth Innovation Project of Key Discipline of Zhengzhou University(No.XKZDQN202002)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.202300410013)。
文摘Mung bean(Vigna radiata)sprouts are widely consumed worldwide due to their high nutritional value.However,the low yield and microbial contamination of mung bean sprouts seriously reduces their economic value.This study investigates the effects of non-thermal plasma on the quality and microbial reduction of mung bean sprouts by pretreatment of seeds in water for different times(0,1,3 and 6 min).The quality results showed that short-time plasma treatment(1 and 3 min)promoted seed germination and seedling growth,whereas long-time plasma treatment(6 min)had inhibitory effects.Plasma also had a similar dose effects on the total flavonoid and phenolic contents of mung bean sprouts.The microbiological results showed that plasma treatment achieved a reduction of native microorganisms ranging from 0.54 to 7.09 log for fungi and 0.29 to 6.80 log for bacteria at 96 h incubation.Meanwhile,plasma treatment could also efficiently inactivate artificially inoculated Salmonella typhimurium(1.83–6.22 log)and yeast(0.53–3.19 log)on mung bean seeds.The results of seed coat permeability tests and scanning electron microscopy showed that plasma could damage the seed coat structure,consequently increasing the electrical conductivity of mung bean seeds.The physicochemical analysis of plasma-treated water showed that plasma generated various long-and short-lived active species[nitric oxide radicals(NO·),hydroxyl radicals(·OH),singlet oxygen(1O2),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and nitrite(NO_(2)^(-))]in water,thus the oxidizability,acidity and conductivity of plasma-treated water were all increased in a treatment timedependent manner.The result for mimicked chemical mixtures confirmed the synergistic effect of activity of H_(2)O_(2),NO_(3)^(-)and NO_(2)^(-)on bacterial inactivation and plant growth promotion.Taken together,these results imply that plasma pretreatment of mung bean seeds in water with moderate oxidizability and acidity is an effective method to improve the yield of mung bean sprouts and reduce microbial contamination.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Research Institution of CAF(CAFYBB2018ZB001)。
文摘Background:The relationship between physiological age of parental trees and lifespan of clonal offspring is unclear.White oak(Quercus fabri Hance)has a high sprouting capability after harvest,with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal individuals.To determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent,the senescence levels of 5-,10-,20-and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were evaluated.The antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were compared.Results:Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems,with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old sprouts.Older leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger leaves.However,older sprouts had some unhealthy characteristics,such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome,proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves,which indicates that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger leaves.Additionally,plant-pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots,which indicates that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic stress.Conclusions:The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts,although the former had some unhealthy characteristics.We conclude that during their first 40 years of growth,regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce,and that physiological age of parental trees does not significantly affect the lifespan of its clonal offspring.
基金Supported by Research Projects Funded by Talent Project Training Funds in Hebei Province(A201901128)Key R&D Project of Tangshan City(20150210C).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to effectively monitor PGR residues in bean sprouts to provide guarantee for the food safety of agricultural products.[Methods]A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method for the determination of residues of 15 plant growth regulators(PGRs)in bean sprouts was established using bean sprouts as an experimental material.Samples were extracted with a solution containing 5%acetic acid-acetonitrile(1∶99,V/V),purified with anhydrous magnesium sulfate,and diluted with methanol solvent to constant volume.The solutions were filtered through 0.22μm filtering membrane and the target analytes were separated on a Phenomenex H18 column.The identification of each compound was established by retention time matching along with the accurate mass measurement of the precursor ions and their main fragment ions.The quantification was carried out using matrix-matched external standard method.[Results]The retention time of the 15 PGRs were found in the range from 5.8-11.7 min under the optimized conditions.The linear relation was good in the concentration range of 0.005-0.050μg/ml,and the correlation coefficients of the 15 PGRs were≥0.9990.The limits of detection were in the range of 0.03-0.92 g/kg,and the limits of quantification were in the range of 0.50-2.10μg/kg.The average recovery in the recovery test at 3 concentration levels was 80%-110%,and the relative standard deviations were in the range of 2.8%-7.5%.[Conclusions]This method is simple and accurate,and can quickly qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the residues of 15 PGRs in bean sprouts.The proposed procedure was simple,quick and accurate for the simultaneous determination of the 15 PGRs in bean sprout.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2017301071)Financial Project of Hebei Province(2017039339)
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of genetic transformation using growing points of corn sprouts. [Methods] A mixed liquid of plant hormones 6-BA and KT at a suitable concentration and ratio was added dropwise to the growing points of corn sprouts, followed by culture under appropriate conditions. [Results] Corn sprouts could be induced to form multiple plants, thereby improving the transformation efficiency of growing points in corn sprouts. [Conclusions] This study provides a breeding method using growing points of corn sprouts as transformation receptors for direct plantlet formation without tissue culture by the Agrobacterium transgenic technology.
基金funded by the 2024 Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2024-MS-232)。
文摘This study investigated the effects of different cooking methods on the nutritional composition and eating quality of peanut sprouts(PS).Five cooking methods including boiling,steaming,microwave heating,roasting,and deep-frying were tested.Microwave heating resulted in the highest retention of crude protein(98.0%)and carbohydrate content(92.9%),while fatty acid content did not significantly differ from levels detected in untreated PS.Compared to uncooked sprouts,cooked PS exhibited increased levels of ash,fat,protein,carbohydrate,fiber,and fatty acid with a decreased moisture content.Steamed PS retained better structural integrity with higher viscosity.Microwaved and roasted PS received higher sensory scores and similar textural properties.Regarding color,microwaved and roasted PS received the highest brightness value(L^(*)),with moderate redness(a^(*))and yellowness(b^(*))values.The sensory evaluation results aligned with the textural and color data,suggesting that microwaved PS would be generally accepted by the public.
基金the Italian National Research Council(CNR)project FOE-2021(DBA.AD005.225).
文摘Sprouts from germinated seeds of edible herbaceous plants are richer in bioactive compounds and micronutrients than mature plants.In recent years,the consumption of sprouted seeds in diets and the interest in exploring vegetable sprout’s potential beneficial effects on human health has increased.In this work,the five-day-old sprouts of Cannabis sativa L.cultivar“Futura 75”were investigated and characterized.Hemp sprouts were obtained by germination tests under standard and enrichment conditions using the microalgal strain Chlorella sp.C2 and the bacterium Sphingomonas sp.Can_S11.The biochemical properties of hemp sprouts were analyzed for total polyphenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities(DPPH,ABTS,FRAP,ORAC,and Fe^(2+)-chelating activity)by in vitro assays.A significant increase in phenolic compounds and greater antioxidant and anti-radical activities were observed for hemp sprouts obtained under enrichment conditions(dry microalgal biomass C2 and the bacterium Can_S11).Additionally,these sprouts and C.sativa seeds demonstrated enhanced protective effects on inflamed A549 cells,effectively mitigating the TNF-αinduced changes and reducing the expression of IL-8 and COX-2.Overall,PGP(Plant Growth Promoting)microorganisms and microalgae represent a good strategy to promote the development of hemp sprouts and increase their phytochemical content,and antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity.
基金NSFDCUGC,New Delhi,India,for their valuable financial support。
文摘Background:Sustainable production of microscale and leafy vegetables,especially sprouts,microgreens,and baby greens in controlled environment agriculture,represents a key innovation of the 21st century.A controlled environment mimics natural growth conditions,enabling a year-round supply of leafy vegetables while ensuring standard quality and maximizing nutrient bioavailability.Scope and approach:This review comprehensively describes the most recent trends in indoor cultivation practices to enhance the quality and nutrient profile of microscale and leafy vegetables,emphasizing the role of technological innovations,substrate selection,artificial lighting,and other environmental factors.It also discussed the vital role of these vegetables in alleviating the triple burden of hunger and strengthening global food and nutrition security while catering to the rising demand for premium and health-promoting food products.Despite being an excellent alternative to conventional agriculture,limitations persist with CEA preventing its large-scale application globally;hence,challenges and prospects are also outlined in detail.Key findings and conclusion:Adopting environmentally sustainable technologies and soilless cultivation has created numerous opportunities for the efficient production of nutrient-dense sprouts,microgreens,and baby greens enriched with vitamins,protein,dietary fibers,phenolics,flavonoids,and antioxidants.These methods offer cost-effective solutions with minimal processing while reducing the harmful impact of soil-borne pathogens,pesticides,and climate change.Additionally,temperature modulation in specific ranges and artificial light sources,especially LED and UV-LED,have significantly proven efficient for indoor vertical farming.These sustainable practices tend to mitigate global food demand and address malnutrition deficiencies.
基金supported by the Small Business Technology Transfer Program of the Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health,United States.The grant number is 1R41AI152915-01.
文摘Alfalfa and fenugreek sprouts are healthy foods,but they are occasionally contaminated with bacterial pathogens and serve as vehicles for transmitting foodborne illnesses.This study examined the efficacy of ascaroside(ascr)#18 treatment for the control of enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC)growth on sprouts.Commercial alfalfa and fenugreek seeds were decontaminated with 20,000 ppm of NaClO,and residual chlorine was neutralized with Dey-Engley broth.Decontaminated seeds were treated with 1 mM or 1μM ascr#18,a plant immunity modulator,before being dried and mixed with sandy soil inoculated with E.coli F4546 or BAA-2326 at 10^(4)-10^(5)CFU/g.The inoculated seeds were sprouted on 1%water agar at 25◦C for 7 days in the dark.Seed or sprout samples were collected on days 0,1,3,5,and 7 for enumeration of bacterial populations.Data was fit into the general linear model and analyzed using Fisher’s least significant different test of the statistical analysis software.Treatment with ascr#18 significantly(P≤0.05)reduced the cell population of EHEC on sprouts.The mean EHEC populations in the 1 mM or 1μM treatment groups were 3.31 or 1.56 log CFU/g lower compared to the control groups.Besides treatment,sprout seed type and sprouting time were also significant independent variables influencing the growth of EHEC,according to the results of type III error analysis.However,EHEC strain type was not a significant independent variable.The study suggests that ascr#18 could be potentially used to control EHEC contamination and improve the microbial safety of sprouts.
基金supported by the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development(RS-2024-00322321)of the Rural Development Administration(RDA)of Korea.
文摘A comparative analysis was conducted on seventeen sprouts from vegetable and non-vegetable sources belonging to various plant families such as Asteraceae,Brassicaceae,Fabaceae,and Poaceae.The study focused on evaluating their phytochemical composition(total phenolics,glucosinolates,and anthocyanins),antioxidant capacity(DPPH assay),antidiabetic activity(inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase),and hypocholesterolemic effect(inhibition of HMGR).Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that vegetable sprouts generally exhibited higher levels of phytochemicals and bioactivities compared to cereal sprouts.Red radish sprouts,in particular,showed the highest concentrations of all analyzed phytochemicals and significant bioactivities.Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis underscored the importance of antioxidants,which subsequently affect antidiabetic and hypocholesterolemic activities.Among the phytochemicals,phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were highlighted as more significant than anthocyanins,considering their types and synergistic effects.Molecular docking analysis suggested that these compounds possess strong affinity and specificity towards the enzymes mentioned,indicating their potential for innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating enzyme activity.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA-Food Legumes[grant numbers CARS-08].
文摘Gravity-induced pressure(GIP)has been demonstrated to enhance the phenotypic appearance of mung bean sprouts;however,the mechanism underlying the growth behaviors of mung bean sprouts in response to GIP remains unclear.The objective of this study was to investigate the association between physiological and biochemical indicators of mung bean sprouts and GIP treatment using multi-omics approaches.In combination with increased hypocotyl thickness,GIP improved the antioxidant capacity of mung bean sprouts by elevating levels of ascorbic acid and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)scavenging rate,as well as enhancing catalase and peroxidase activities.Of the 9 hormones changed following GIP treatment,indole-3-acetic acid,abscisic acid(ABA),3-indolepropionic acid,gibberellic acid 4,and brassinosteroids showed GIP-dependent increases,reaching their highest levels under the 350 Pa.Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed a significant enrichment of the polyphenol biosynthetic pathway in response to 350 Pa.Despite no significant changes in the content of polyphenols,they comprised over 50%of the identified differential metabolites,indicating a shift in their composition and resulting in a remarkable increase in ABTS scavenging rate.The increased ABA level suggested an enriched ABA signalling pathway associated with enhanced stress resistance induced by GIP in mung bean sprouts.Moreover,both the activity and expression levels of ascorbate oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were decreased,which may be responsible for a 47.06%increase in ascorbic acid content.The utilization of GIP at 350 Pa is highly recommended for improving quality during mung bean sprout production.This study may serve as a valuable reference for practical production techniques related to mung bean sprouts and further exploration into GIP-induced plant stress resistance.
文摘The authors regret that the Acknowledgement section was omitted in the original publication.The missed Acknowledgement section is as follows:The authors acknowledge Prof.Dr.L.Luksiene for her contributions to the early development of this work and Assoc.Prof.Arunas Marsalka for assistance with EPR measurements.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
