Using conventional imaging modalities, it is difficult to detect recurrent lesions in prostate cancer patients who have undergone biochemical relapse, especially in patients with low prostate-specific antigen （PSA） ...Using conventional imaging modalities, it is difficult to detect recurrent lesions in prostate cancer patients who have undergone biochemical relapse, especially in patients with low prostate-specific antigen （PSA） levels. We retrospectively reviewed the files of fifty patients with histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer who underwent 99mTc-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen （PSMA） single-photon emission computed tomography （SPECT）/computed tomography （CT）, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, and bone scan within a 30-day period. PSMA-SPECT/CT indicated metastatic lesions in 39 patients and had a higher detection rate （78.0%） than bone scan （34.0%） or MRI （40.0%）. The diagnostic efficiency of PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging for bone and lymph node metastases （50.0% and 42.0%） was better than bone scan （34.0% and 0.0%） or MRI （24.0% and 20.0%）. PSMA-SPECT/CT provided a higher detection rate at serum PSA levels of 〈1 ng ml-1, 1-4 ng ml-1, 4-10 ng ml-1, and 〉10 ng ml-1. No correlation was found between Gleason score, PSA level, and the tracer tumor/background ratio of metastatic lesions. With the aid of PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging, the therapeutic strategy was changed for 31 patients, and this may have enhanced their clinical outcome. In conclusion, PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging could detect more metastatic lesions and achieve a higher detection rate than conventional imaging modalities at different serum PSA levels in prostate cancer patients who had undergone biochemical relapse.展开更多
Spectral computed tomography(CT)imaging as an advanced and non-invasive technique is of importance in the diagnosis of disease.Therefore,it is significant to develop safe and high-performance contrast agents for spect...Spectral computed tomography(CT)imaging as an advanced and non-invasive technique is of importance in the diagnosis of disease.Therefore,it is significant to develop safe and high-performance contrast agents for spectral CT imaging.Herein,we synthesized a small-molecule erbium chelate(ErDOTA dimeglumine),with the advantages of favorable colloidal and structure stability,good biocompatibility and biosafety,and sensitive spectral CT imaging ability in vitro and in vivo.Erbium chelate exhibits strong X-ray attenuation capability and the energy-dependent attenuation in the range of 40-160 keV due to the high K-edge value of Er(57.5 keV).Especially,the slope of the Hounsfield unit(HU)curve for erbium chelate is 1.5 times that of iohexol at 50 keV,and 5.6 times that of iohexol at130 keV.We then applied erbium chelate in the in vivo spectral CT imaging of healthy mice and DSSinduced colitis mice.It is found that erbium chelate is rapidly metabolized from the intestinal tract in healthy mice within 12 h due to favorable biocompatibility,while it is enriched and displays brighter signals in the inflammatory site of colon in colitis mice.Specifically,the CT value in the large intestines of colitis mice 12 h after erbium chelate administration is 53.0,which is much higher than that of healthy mice(8.3),showing great potential for sensitive and accurate diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.Moreover,compared with the clinically used contrast agent iohexol,erbium chelate shows better spectral CT imaging performance in both healthy and colitis mice at low to high energy settings.Superior CT imaging is also observed in CT26 tumor-bearing mice after administration with erbium chelate in comparison to iohexol.In summary,the small-molecule erbium chelate is expected to be a safe and highperfo rmance co ntrast agent for spectral CT imaging to promote the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Photon-counting detector(PCD)CT represents a transformative advancement in radiological imaging,offering superior spatial resolution,enhanced contrast-tonoise ratio,and reduced radiation dose compared with ...BACKGROUND Photon-counting detector(PCD)CT represents a transformative advancement in radiological imaging,offering superior spatial resolution,enhanced contrast-tonoise ratio,and reduced radiation dose compared with the conventional energyintegrating detector CT.AIM To evaluate PCD CT in oncologic imaging,focusing on its role in tumor detection,staging,and treatment response assessment.METHODS We performed a systematic PubMed search from January 1,2017 to December 31,2024,using the keywords“photon-counting CT”,“cancer”,and“tumor”to identify studies on its use in oncologic imaging.We included experimental studies on humans or human phantoms and excluded reviews,commentaries,editorials,non-English,animal,and non-experimental studies.Study selection followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Out of 175 initial studies,39 met the inclusion criteria after screening and full-text review.Data extraction focused on study type,country of origin,and oncologic applications of photon-counting CT.No formal risk of bias assessment was performed,and the review was not registered in PROSPERO as it did not include a meta-analysis.RESULTS Key findings highlighted the advantages of PCD CT in imaging renal masses,adrenal adenomas,ovarian cancer,breast cancer,prostate cancer,pancreatic tumors,hepatocellular carcinoma,metastases,multiple myeloma,and lung cancer.Additionally,PCD CT has demonstrated improved lesion characterization and enhanced diagnostic accuracy in oncology.Despite its promising capabilities challenges related to data processing,storage,and accessibility remain.CONCLUSION As PCD CT technology evolves,its integration into routine oncologic imaging has the potential to significantly enhance cancer diagnosis and patient management.展开更多
This study aims to explore the clinical and CT imaging features of brucellosis spondylitis(BS)and to strengthen the clinical cognition to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment.In this study,clinical and CT imaging data...This study aims to explore the clinical and CT imaging features of brucellosis spondylitis(BS)and to strengthen the clinical cognition to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment.In this study,clinical and CT imaging data of 106 patients with BS diagnosed in the Second Hospital of Hohhot and the Third Hospital of Baotou were collected from March 2023 to September 2024 and retrospectively analyzed by clinical manifestations,CT imaging,and disease regression.In 106 patients,58.5%had fever,98.1%had malaise,96.2%had excessive sweating,81.1%had lumbosacral pain,79.3%had limitation of limb movement,76.4%had constipation,and 6.6%had urinary retention.For imaging manifestations,the involvement of lumbar,thoracic and cervical vertebrae were 80.2%,16.9%and 1.9%,respectively.Lesions<1.0 cm,1.0–2.0 cm,2.0–3.0 cm,and>3.0 cm were found in 49.4%,29.6%,19.4%,and 1.6%,respectively.In 106 patients,CT showed round,irregular or worm-like areas of bone destruction,with coexisting osteophytes in 61.5%and no signs of dead bone or pedicle destruction.Interdiscal destruction,spinal canal abscess,ligament injury,and signs of lumbar major muscle compression were rare,accounting for 11.7%,6.6%,4.7%,and 3.8%,respectively.Regarding regression,106 patients with BS treated with antimicrobial therapy or antimicrobial+surgery had a good prognosis.In conclusion,BS has its own characteristics in clinical and imaging aspects and it is easy to distinguish from other common causes of spondylitis bone damage.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly transforming radiology and computed tomography(CT)imaging by enabling automated image analysis,improved diagnostic accuracy,and clinical decision-support.We performed a systematic...Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly transforming radiology and computed tomography(CT)imaging by enabling automated image analysis,improved diagnostic accuracy,and clinical decision-support.We performed a systematic review of peerreviewed studies published between January 1,2010 and March 31,2025 to quantify reported gains in diagnostic performance and workflow efficiency,to evaluate clinical decision-support benefits and risks,and to identify integration priorities.We searched PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar and screened 128 records;26 studies met the inclusion criteria.Extracted data included study design,AI architecture,sample size,and quantitative performance metrics;study quality was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scales(NOS),Cochrane RoB 2,or AMSTAR 2 as appropriate.Across included studies,AI applications in CT showed consistent improvements in sensitivity,specificity,and time-to-diagnosis in specific tasks(notably lung-nodule detection and intracranial hemorrhage triage),with reported detection-rate increases up to~20%and reduced turnaround times in several real-world implementations.Barriers include dataset bias,limited external validation,interpretability(“black-box”)concerns,workflow integration challenges,and evolving regulatory issues.Economic analyses suggest potentially favorable return on investment(ROI)in high-volume settings but are sensitive to licensing and infrastructure costs.To realize AI's benefits in CT imaging,rigorous multi-center validation,transparent reporting,humancentered workflow design,and post-deployment surveillance are essential.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodi...Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodiagnostic platform was prepared for CT/PA imaging-guided multimodality synergistic therapy.Under 808 nm laser irradiation,Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6(LC)NPs in the nano-diagnostic platform are activated and sensitized by NIR light,resulting in the generation of more single-linear oxygen(^(1)O_(2))for efficient PDT.Glucose oxidase(GOx)and MIL-101(Fe)nanozymes can utilize their excellent enzyme cascade catalytic properties and peroxidase-like catalytic properties to undergo glycolysis reactions and catalyze the decomposition of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),producing a large amount of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),achieving efficient chemodynamic therapy(CDT).The functionalized modification of polydopamine(PDA)endows the LCMGP nanoparticles with higher photothermal conversion efficiency,which can prompt high local temperature at the tumor site under the irradiation of NIR light to achieve efficient photothermal therapy(PTT).In addition,hyperthermia accelerates the catalytic efficiency of the nanozymatic cascade of LCMGP nanoparticles to enhance ROS production while increasing cellular uptake,resulting in PTT-induced PDT/CDT synergistic effect(96%).Based on the excellent photothermal conversion effect of PDA and the high X-ray atte nuation effect of Lu/Fe,the LCMGP nanotherapeutic system demonstrates good CT/PA imaging function,providing new insights and ideas for imaging-mediated multimodal synergistic therapy.展开更多
Spectral computed tomography(CT) based on photon counting detectors(PCDs) is a well-researched topic in the field of X-ray imaging. When PCD is applied in a spectral CT system, the PCD energy thresholds must be carefu...Spectral computed tomography(CT) based on photon counting detectors(PCDs) is a well-researched topic in the field of X-ray imaging. When PCD is applied in a spectral CT system, the PCD energy thresholds must be carefully selected, especially for K-edge imaging, which is an important spectral CT application. This paper presents a threshold selection method that yields better-quality images in K-edge imaging. The main idea is to optimize the energy thresholds ray-by-ray according to the targeted component coefficients, followed by obtaining an overall optimal energy threshold by frequency voting. A low-dose pre-scan is used in practical implementations to estimate the line integrals of the component coefficients for the basis functions. The variance of the decomposed component coefficients is then minimized using the Cramer–Rao lower bound method with respect to the energy thresholds. The optimal energy thresholds are then used to take a full scan and gain better image reconstruction with less noise than would be given by a full scan using the non-optimal energy thresholds. Simulations and practical experiments on imaging iodine and gadolinium solutions, which are commonly used as contrast agents in medical applications, were used to validate the method. The noise was significantly reduced with the same dose relative to the non-optimal energy thresholds in both simulations and in practical experiments.展开更多
Objective： The aim of our study was to compare the value of computed tomography （CT） and 99mTc-methylene- diphosphonate （MDP） SPECT （single photon emission computed tomography）/CT fusion imaging in determining ...Objective： The aim of our study was to compare the value of computed tomography （CT） and 99mTc-methylene- diphosphonate （MDP） SPECT （single photon emission computed tomography）/CT fusion imaging in determining the extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Methods： This study had local ethical committee approval, and all patients gave written informed consent. Fifty-three patients were revealed mandibular invasion by malignant tumor of the oral cavity underwent CT and SPECT/CT. The patients were divided into two groups： group A （invasion-periphery-type） and group B （invasion-center- type）. Two radiologists assessed the CT images and two nuclear medicine physicians separately assessed the $PECT/CT images in consensus and without knowledge of the results of other imaging tests. The extent of bone involvement suggested with an imaging modality was compared with pathological findings in the surgical specimen. Results： With pathological findings as the standard of reference, Group A： The extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor under- went SPECT/CT was 1.02 _＋ 0.20 cm larger than that underwent pathological findings. And the extent of mandibular invasion underwent CT was 1.42 ＋ 0.35 cm smaller than that underwent pathological examination. There were significant difference among the three methods （P 〈 0.01）. Group B： The extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor underwent SPECT/CT was 1.3 ＋ 0.39 cm larger than that underwent pathological examination. The extent of mandibular invasion underwent CT was 2.55 ＋ 1.44 cm smaller than that underwent pathological findings. There were significant difference among the three methods （P 〈 0.01）. The extent of mandibular invasion underwent SPECT/CT was the extent which surgeon must excise to get clear margins. Conclusion： SPECT/CT fusion imaging has significant clinical value in determining the extent of mandibular inva- sion by malignant tumor of oral cavity.展开更多
This article presents a brief overview of the development of high-resolution SPECT for small-animal im- aging. A pinhole collimator has been used for high-resolution animal SPECT to provide better spatial resolution a...This article presents a brief overview of the development of high-resolution SPECT for small-animal im- aging. A pinhole collimator has been used for high-resolution animal SPECT to provide better spatial resolution and detection efficiency in comparison with a parallel-hole collimator. The theory of imaging characteristics of the pin- hole collimator is presented and the designs of the pinhole aperture are discussed. The detector technologies used for the development of small-animal SPECT and the recent advances are presented. The evolving trend of small-animal SPECT is toward a multi-pinhole and a multi-detector system to obtain a high resolution and also a high detection ef- ficiency.展开更多
The health effects of ambient PM 2.5 and its potential mechanisms have generated considerable interest.In vitro cell studies and ex vivo animal experiments may not accurately determine the characteristics of PM 2.5 pa...The health effects of ambient PM 2.5 and its potential mechanisms have generated considerable interest.In vitro cell studies and ex vivo animal experiments may not accurately determine the characteristics of PM 2.5 particles.To better understand their detailed mechanisms,we performed an in vivo study using single photon emission tomography(SPECT)imaging.To mimic the PM 2.5 particles,SiO2 nanoparticles modified by ethylene carbonate or polyvinyl pyrrolidone were labeled with 131I.After administration via inhalation,in vivo SPECT imaging of the radiolabeled particles in sprague dawley rats was performed.It was found that radioactivity accumulated in the lungs and trachea 6 and 24 h after administration.In addition,significant radioactivity was observed in the abdomen,including the liver and kidneys.The results were also confirmed by ex vivo autoradiography.This study revealed that in vivo SPECT imaging could be an effective method for investigating the properties of PM 2.5 particles.展开更多
From the point of view of design requirements, influence of the width of the output image of an imaging subsystem in a tomographic imaging spectrometer, namely width of the slit, the grating and the size of the CCD pi...From the point of view of design requirements, influence of the width of the output image of an imaging subsystem in a tomographic imaging spectrometer, namely width of the slit, the grating and the size of the CCD pixel are analyzed. For the tomographic imaging spectrometry, if the amplification ratio of the imaging subsystem is not high enough to make the whole object to be compressed within the slit, then either the slit width should be increased or the slit width kept unchanged but scanned to receive information of the object. While the width-increase method reduces the spectral resolving power and the SNR; the scanning method reduces the SNR. Analysis of the two cases and computer simulation results are given.展开更多
Objective： The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of ^99mTc-methylene diphosphonic acid （MDP） SPECT/CT fusion imaging and CT scanning in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma. Met...Objective： The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of ^99mTc-methylene diphosphonic acid （MDP） SPECT/CT fusion imaging and CT scanning in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma. Methods： 18 cases of gingival carcinoma were processed infiltrated mandible by ^99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT fusion image and CT, and their scanning results compared with pathology findings. Results： Eleven of 13 cases with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma showed positive images, one of 11 cases was false positive images by pathology findings, and 10 cases were exhibited infiltrated mandibles; 5 cases with moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated squamous call carcinoma showed positive images, pathology showed carcinoma call had infiltrated cavum ossis of mandible. Five of 18 cases were positive images by CT. Conclusion： ^99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT fusion imaging is a useful method in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma.展开更多
Planar bone Scintigraphy has been frequently used to assess the active or inactive nature of mandibular hypercondylia. We report here the case of a patient whose diagnosis of active mandibular hypercondylia was retain...Planar bone Scintigraphy has been frequently used to assess the active or inactive nature of mandibular hypercondylia. We report here the case of a patient whose diagnosis of active mandibular hypercondylia was retained after a complement with SPECT/CT imaging, the planar bone scan being negative. This case confirms the use of SPECT/ CT as the examination of choice for full assessment of mandibular hypercondylia in adults. Using bone Scintigraphy SPECT/CT improves both sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing this condition.展开更多
Lymphoscintigraphy readily provides confirmation of chylothorax but not detailed localization of the leakage site. A 77-year-old woman developed traumatic chylothorax and underwent lymphoscintigraphy with radiolabeled...Lymphoscintigraphy readily provides confirmation of chylothorax but not detailed localization of the leakage site. A 77-year-old woman developed traumatic chylothorax and underwent lymphoscintigraphy with radiolabeled albumin to identify the site of lymph leakage. Dynamic imaging demonstrated appearance of focal activity presumably in the upper mediastinum, followed by spread to the left hemithorax. Subsequently, SPECT/CT showed that the leakage site was located in the left side of the upper mediastinum, and this location was confirmed during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Dynamic imaging demonstrated the site of first appearance of abnormal activity, and SPECT/CT enabled detailed localization of the abnormal activity with anatomic correlation. The combination of dynamic imaging with SPECT/CT appears to be recommendable for lymphoscintigraphic assessment of chylothorax.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the application value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging technology in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant spinal lesions. Methods: all the subjects were diagnosed with SPECT/CT fusion imaging...Objective: to analyze the application value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging technology in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant spinal lesions. Methods: all the subjects were diagnosed with SPECT/CT fusion imaging technology, and then all the subjects were diagnosed with CT-guided percutaneous spinal biopsy. 42 cases of benign lesions were confirmed and 18 cases of malignant lesions, accounting for 70.00% and 30.00% respectively. Taking CT-guided biopsy as the gold standard, the detection rates of benign and malignant spinal lesions by SPECT/CT fusion imaging were statistically compared. Results: there was no significant difference between differential diagnosis accuracy and gold standard in SPECT/CT fusion imaging technique (P > 0.05). Conclusion: it has high differential diagnosis accuracy, can effectively identify patients' diseases, and is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
Objective To explore the value of SPECT/CT imaging on programmed death receptor 1 ligand (PD-L1)expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) based on ^(99)Tc^(m) labeled anti-PD-L1 nanoantibodies (NM-...Objective To explore the value of SPECT/CT imaging on programmed death receptor 1 ligand (PD-L1)expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) based on ^(99)Tc^(m) labeled anti-PD-L1 nanoantibodies (NM-01).Methods From January 2019 to March 2020, a total of 14 patients (11 males, 3 females;age:(61.9±11.0) years) with pathologically confirmed NSCLC in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were prospectively enrolled.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and chest CT imaging characteristics of patients with confirmed COVID-19(COVID-19)and patients with suspected COVID-19.Methods:The study time span was from February 20...Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and chest CT imaging characteristics of patients with confirmed COVID-19(COVID-19)and patients with suspected COVID-19.Methods:The study time span was from February 2020 to May 2020.The case samples were selected from 72 patients with confirmed covid-19 and suspected covid-19 diagnosed and treated by The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan and Yinchuan Temporary Emergency Hospital,including 38 patients with confirmed covid-19 and 34 patients with suspected covid-19.All patients underwent laboratory examination and chest CT examination,and the specific examination results were compared and analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in number of white blood cell,percentage of lymphocytes,creatine kinase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate between confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients(P<0.05).The CT imaging characteristics of COVID-19 patients were compared with those of suspected COVID-19 patients.The lesions of COVID-19 patients were mostly characterized by mixed ground glass density and pure ground glass density.There were vascular thickening and interstitial thickness increase,and accompanied by bronchiectasis or air bronchogram.The distribution of lesions was mostly subpleural without pleural effusion.The lesion area of suspected COVID-19 patients mostly showed solid density and mixed ground glass density.The lesion was distributed along bronchovascular and pleural effusion was observed.Conclusion:There are some differences in biochemical indexes and chest CT images between confirmed and suspected covid-19 patients,which can be used for differential diagnosis.展开更多
文摘Using conventional imaging modalities, it is difficult to detect recurrent lesions in prostate cancer patients who have undergone biochemical relapse, especially in patients with low prostate-specific antigen （PSA） levels. We retrospectively reviewed the files of fifty patients with histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer who underwent 99mTc-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen （PSMA） single-photon emission computed tomography （SPECT）/computed tomography （CT）, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, and bone scan within a 30-day period. PSMA-SPECT/CT indicated metastatic lesions in 39 patients and had a higher detection rate （78.0%） than bone scan （34.0%） or MRI （40.0%）. The diagnostic efficiency of PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging for bone and lymph node metastases （50.0% and 42.0%） was better than bone scan （34.0% and 0.0%） or MRI （24.0% and 20.0%）. PSMA-SPECT/CT provided a higher detection rate at serum PSA levels of 〈1 ng ml-1, 1-4 ng ml-1, 4-10 ng ml-1, and 〉10 ng ml-1. No correlation was found between Gleason score, PSA level, and the tracer tumor/background ratio of metastatic lesions. With the aid of PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging, the therapeutic strategy was changed for 31 patients, and this may have enhanced their clinical outcome. In conclusion, PSMA-SPECT/CT imaging could detect more metastatic lesions and achieve a higher detection rate than conventional imaging modalities at different serum PSA levels in prostate cancer patients who had undergone biochemical relapse.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82304311,81903460)the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program(2022YFS0616)。
文摘Spectral computed tomography(CT)imaging as an advanced and non-invasive technique is of importance in the diagnosis of disease.Therefore,it is significant to develop safe and high-performance contrast agents for spectral CT imaging.Herein,we synthesized a small-molecule erbium chelate(ErDOTA dimeglumine),with the advantages of favorable colloidal and structure stability,good biocompatibility and biosafety,and sensitive spectral CT imaging ability in vitro and in vivo.Erbium chelate exhibits strong X-ray attenuation capability and the energy-dependent attenuation in the range of 40-160 keV due to the high K-edge value of Er(57.5 keV).Especially,the slope of the Hounsfield unit(HU)curve for erbium chelate is 1.5 times that of iohexol at 50 keV,and 5.6 times that of iohexol at130 keV.We then applied erbium chelate in the in vivo spectral CT imaging of healthy mice and DSSinduced colitis mice.It is found that erbium chelate is rapidly metabolized from the intestinal tract in healthy mice within 12 h due to favorable biocompatibility,while it is enriched and displays brighter signals in the inflammatory site of colon in colitis mice.Specifically,the CT value in the large intestines of colitis mice 12 h after erbium chelate administration is 53.0,which is much higher than that of healthy mice(8.3),showing great potential for sensitive and accurate diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.Moreover,compared with the clinically used contrast agent iohexol,erbium chelate shows better spectral CT imaging performance in both healthy and colitis mice at low to high energy settings.Superior CT imaging is also observed in CT26 tumor-bearing mice after administration with erbium chelate in comparison to iohexol.In summary,the small-molecule erbium chelate is expected to be a safe and highperfo rmance co ntrast agent for spectral CT imaging to promote the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.
文摘BACKGROUND Photon-counting detector(PCD)CT represents a transformative advancement in radiological imaging,offering superior spatial resolution,enhanced contrast-tonoise ratio,and reduced radiation dose compared with the conventional energyintegrating detector CT.AIM To evaluate PCD CT in oncologic imaging,focusing on its role in tumor detection,staging,and treatment response assessment.METHODS We performed a systematic PubMed search from January 1,2017 to December 31,2024,using the keywords“photon-counting CT”,“cancer”,and“tumor”to identify studies on its use in oncologic imaging.We included experimental studies on humans or human phantoms and excluded reviews,commentaries,editorials,non-English,animal,and non-experimental studies.Study selection followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Out of 175 initial studies,39 met the inclusion criteria after screening and full-text review.Data extraction focused on study type,country of origin,and oncologic applications of photon-counting CT.No formal risk of bias assessment was performed,and the review was not registered in PROSPERO as it did not include a meta-analysis.RESULTS Key findings highlighted the advantages of PCD CT in imaging renal masses,adrenal adenomas,ovarian cancer,breast cancer,prostate cancer,pancreatic tumors,hepatocellular carcinoma,metastases,multiple myeloma,and lung cancer.Additionally,PCD CT has demonstrated improved lesion characterization and enhanced diagnostic accuracy in oncology.Despite its promising capabilities challenges related to data processing,storage,and accessibility remain.CONCLUSION As PCD CT technology evolves,its integration into routine oncologic imaging has the potential to significantly enhance cancer diagnosis and patient management.
文摘This study aims to explore the clinical and CT imaging features of brucellosis spondylitis(BS)and to strengthen the clinical cognition to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment.In this study,clinical and CT imaging data of 106 patients with BS diagnosed in the Second Hospital of Hohhot and the Third Hospital of Baotou were collected from March 2023 to September 2024 and retrospectively analyzed by clinical manifestations,CT imaging,and disease regression.In 106 patients,58.5%had fever,98.1%had malaise,96.2%had excessive sweating,81.1%had lumbosacral pain,79.3%had limitation of limb movement,76.4%had constipation,and 6.6%had urinary retention.For imaging manifestations,the involvement of lumbar,thoracic and cervical vertebrae were 80.2%,16.9%and 1.9%,respectively.Lesions<1.0 cm,1.0–2.0 cm,2.0–3.0 cm,and>3.0 cm were found in 49.4%,29.6%,19.4%,and 1.6%,respectively.In 106 patients,CT showed round,irregular or worm-like areas of bone destruction,with coexisting osteophytes in 61.5%and no signs of dead bone or pedicle destruction.Interdiscal destruction,spinal canal abscess,ligament injury,and signs of lumbar major muscle compression were rare,accounting for 11.7%,6.6%,4.7%,and 3.8%,respectively.Regarding regression,106 patients with BS treated with antimicrobial therapy or antimicrobial+surgery had a good prognosis.In conclusion,BS has its own characteristics in clinical and imaging aspects and it is easy to distinguish from other common causes of spondylitis bone damage.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly transforming radiology and computed tomography(CT)imaging by enabling automated image analysis,improved diagnostic accuracy,and clinical decision-support.We performed a systematic review of peerreviewed studies published between January 1,2010 and March 31,2025 to quantify reported gains in diagnostic performance and workflow efficiency,to evaluate clinical decision-support benefits and risks,and to identify integration priorities.We searched PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar and screened 128 records;26 studies met the inclusion criteria.Extracted data included study design,AI architecture,sample size,and quantitative performance metrics;study quality was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scales(NOS),Cochrane RoB 2,or AMSTAR 2 as appropriate.Across included studies,AI applications in CT showed consistent improvements in sensitivity,specificity,and time-to-diagnosis in specific tasks(notably lung-nodule detection and intracranial hemorrhage triage),with reported detection-rate increases up to~20%and reduced turnaround times in several real-world implementations.Barriers include dataset bias,limited external validation,interpretability(“black-box”)concerns,workflow integration challenges,and evolving regulatory issues.Economic analyses suggest potentially favorable return on investment(ROI)in high-volume settings but are sensitive to licensing and infrastructure costs.To realize AI's benefits in CT imaging,rigorous multi-center validation,transparent reporting,humancentered workflow design,and post-deployment surveillance are essential.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020ME045,ZR2020ME046)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(tsqn201812130)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272833)"New Universities 20"Foundation of Jinan(2021GXRC099,T202204)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711438)。
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodiagnostic platform was prepared for CT/PA imaging-guided multimodality synergistic therapy.Under 808 nm laser irradiation,Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6(LC)NPs in the nano-diagnostic platform are activated and sensitized by NIR light,resulting in the generation of more single-linear oxygen(^(1)O_(2))for efficient PDT.Glucose oxidase(GOx)and MIL-101(Fe)nanozymes can utilize their excellent enzyme cascade catalytic properties and peroxidase-like catalytic properties to undergo glycolysis reactions and catalyze the decomposition of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),producing a large amount of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),achieving efficient chemodynamic therapy(CDT).The functionalized modification of polydopamine(PDA)endows the LCMGP nanoparticles with higher photothermal conversion efficiency,which can prompt high local temperature at the tumor site under the irradiation of NIR light to achieve efficient photothermal therapy(PTT).In addition,hyperthermia accelerates the catalytic efficiency of the nanozymatic cascade of LCMGP nanoparticles to enhance ROS production while increasing cellular uptake,resulting in PTT-induced PDT/CDT synergistic effect(96%).Based on the excellent photothermal conversion effect of PDA and the high X-ray atte nuation effect of Lu/Fe,the LCMGP nanotherapeutic system demonstrates good CT/PA imaging function,providing new insights and ideas for imaging-mediated multimodal synergistic therapy.
基金supported by Grants from National key research and development program(No.2016YFF0101304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61771279,11435007)
文摘Spectral computed tomography(CT) based on photon counting detectors(PCDs) is a well-researched topic in the field of X-ray imaging. When PCD is applied in a spectral CT system, the PCD energy thresholds must be carefully selected, especially for K-edge imaging, which is an important spectral CT application. This paper presents a threshold selection method that yields better-quality images in K-edge imaging. The main idea is to optimize the energy thresholds ray-by-ray according to the targeted component coefficients, followed by obtaining an overall optimal energy threshold by frequency voting. A low-dose pre-scan is used in practical implementations to estimate the line integrals of the component coefficients for the basis functions. The variance of the decomposed component coefficients is then minimized using the Cramer–Rao lower bound method with respect to the energy thresholds. The optimal energy thresholds are then used to take a full scan and gain better image reconstruction with less noise than would be given by a full scan using the non-optimal energy thresholds. Simulations and practical experiments on imaging iodine and gadolinium solutions, which are commonly used as contrast agents in medical applications, were used to validate the method. The noise was significantly reduced with the same dose relative to the non-optimal energy thresholds in both simulations and in practical experiments.
文摘Objective： The aim of our study was to compare the value of computed tomography （CT） and 99mTc-methylene- diphosphonate （MDP） SPECT （single photon emission computed tomography）/CT fusion imaging in determining the extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Methods： This study had local ethical committee approval, and all patients gave written informed consent. Fifty-three patients were revealed mandibular invasion by malignant tumor of the oral cavity underwent CT and SPECT/CT. The patients were divided into two groups： group A （invasion-periphery-type） and group B （invasion-center- type）. Two radiologists assessed the CT images and two nuclear medicine physicians separately assessed the $PECT/CT images in consensus and without knowledge of the results of other imaging tests. The extent of bone involvement suggested with an imaging modality was compared with pathological findings in the surgical specimen. Results： With pathological findings as the standard of reference, Group A： The extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor under- went SPECT/CT was 1.02 _＋ 0.20 cm larger than that underwent pathological findings. And the extent of mandibular invasion underwent CT was 1.42 ＋ 0.35 cm smaller than that underwent pathological examination. There were significant difference among the three methods （P 〈 0.01）. Group B： The extent of mandibular invasion by malignant tumor underwent SPECT/CT was 1.3 ＋ 0.39 cm larger than that underwent pathological examination. The extent of mandibular invasion underwent CT was 2.55 ＋ 1.44 cm smaller than that underwent pathological findings. There were significant difference among the three methods （P 〈 0.01）. The extent of mandibular invasion underwent SPECT/CT was the extent which surgeon must excise to get clear margins. Conclusion： SPECT/CT fusion imaging has significant clinical value in determining the extent of mandibular inva- sion by malignant tumor of oral cavity.
文摘This article presents a brief overview of the development of high-resolution SPECT for small-animal im- aging. A pinhole collimator has been used for high-resolution animal SPECT to provide better spatial resolution and detection efficiency in comparison with a parallel-hole collimator. The theory of imaging characteristics of the pin- hole collimator is presented and the designs of the pinhole aperture are discussed. The detector technologies used for the development of small-animal SPECT and the recent advances are presented. The evolving trend of small-animal SPECT is toward a multi-pinhole and a multi-detector system to obtain a high resolution and also a high detection ef- ficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31671035,51803082)National Significant New Drugs Creation Program(No.2017ZX09304021)+1 种基金Jiangsu Province Foundation(Nos.BK20170204,BK20161137)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Team(Nos.CXTDA2017024,LGY2017088,QNRC2016628)。
文摘The health effects of ambient PM 2.5 and its potential mechanisms have generated considerable interest.In vitro cell studies and ex vivo animal experiments may not accurately determine the characteristics of PM 2.5 particles.To better understand their detailed mechanisms,we performed an in vivo study using single photon emission tomography(SPECT)imaging.To mimic the PM 2.5 particles,SiO2 nanoparticles modified by ethylene carbonate or polyvinyl pyrrolidone were labeled with 131I.After administration via inhalation,in vivo SPECT imaging of the radiolabeled particles in sprague dawley rats was performed.It was found that radioactivity accumulated in the lungs and trachea 6 and 24 h after administration.In addition,significant radioactivity was observed in the abdomen,including the liver and kidneys.The results were also confirmed by ex vivo autoradiography.This study revealed that in vivo SPECT imaging could be an effective method for investigating the properties of PM 2.5 particles.
文摘From the point of view of design requirements, influence of the width of the output image of an imaging subsystem in a tomographic imaging spectrometer, namely width of the slit, the grating and the size of the CCD pixel are analyzed. For the tomographic imaging spectrometry, if the amplification ratio of the imaging subsystem is not high enough to make the whole object to be compressed within the slit, then either the slit width should be increased or the slit width kept unchanged but scanned to receive information of the object. While the width-increase method reduces the spectral resolving power and the SNR; the scanning method reduces the SNR. Analysis of the two cases and computer simulation results are given.
文摘Objective： The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of ^99mTc-methylene diphosphonic acid （MDP） SPECT/CT fusion imaging and CT scanning in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma. Methods： 18 cases of gingival carcinoma were processed infiltrated mandible by ^99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT fusion image and CT, and their scanning results compared with pathology findings. Results： Eleven of 13 cases with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma showed positive images, one of 11 cases was false positive images by pathology findings, and 10 cases were exhibited infiltrated mandibles; 5 cases with moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated squamous call carcinoma showed positive images, pathology showed carcinoma call had infiltrated cavum ossis of mandible. Five of 18 cases were positive images by CT. Conclusion： ^99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT fusion imaging is a useful method in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma.
文摘Planar bone Scintigraphy has been frequently used to assess the active or inactive nature of mandibular hypercondylia. We report here the case of a patient whose diagnosis of active mandibular hypercondylia was retained after a complement with SPECT/CT imaging, the planar bone scan being negative. This case confirms the use of SPECT/ CT as the examination of choice for full assessment of mandibular hypercondylia in adults. Using bone Scintigraphy SPECT/CT improves both sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing this condition.
文摘Lymphoscintigraphy readily provides confirmation of chylothorax but not detailed localization of the leakage site. A 77-year-old woman developed traumatic chylothorax and underwent lymphoscintigraphy with radiolabeled albumin to identify the site of lymph leakage. Dynamic imaging demonstrated appearance of focal activity presumably in the upper mediastinum, followed by spread to the left hemithorax. Subsequently, SPECT/CT showed that the leakage site was located in the left side of the upper mediastinum, and this location was confirmed during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Dynamic imaging demonstrated the site of first appearance of abnormal activity, and SPECT/CT enabled detailed localization of the abnormal activity with anatomic correlation. The combination of dynamic imaging with SPECT/CT appears to be recommendable for lymphoscintigraphic assessment of chylothorax.
文摘Objective: to analyze the application value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging technology in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant spinal lesions. Methods: all the subjects were diagnosed with SPECT/CT fusion imaging technology, and then all the subjects were diagnosed with CT-guided percutaneous spinal biopsy. 42 cases of benign lesions were confirmed and 18 cases of malignant lesions, accounting for 70.00% and 30.00% respectively. Taking CT-guided biopsy as the gold standard, the detection rates of benign and malignant spinal lesions by SPECT/CT fusion imaging were statistically compared. Results: there was no significant difference between differential diagnosis accuracy and gold standard in SPECT/CT fusion imaging technique (P > 0.05). Conclusion: it has high differential diagnosis accuracy, can effectively identify patients' diseases, and is worthy of clinical application.
文摘Objective To explore the value of SPECT/CT imaging on programmed death receptor 1 ligand (PD-L1)expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) based on ^(99)Tc^(m) labeled anti-PD-L1 nanoantibodies (NM-01).Methods From January 2019 to March 2020, a total of 14 patients (11 males, 3 females;age:(61.9±11.0) years) with pathologically confirmed NSCLC in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were prospectively enrolled.
基金Science and Technology Support of Key R&D Plan of Ningxia Autonomous Region“Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Prevention and Control”special Project(Project No.2020BEG03057,2020BEG03058)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and chest CT imaging characteristics of patients with confirmed COVID-19(COVID-19)and patients with suspected COVID-19.Methods:The study time span was from February 2020 to May 2020.The case samples were selected from 72 patients with confirmed covid-19 and suspected covid-19 diagnosed and treated by The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan and Yinchuan Temporary Emergency Hospital,including 38 patients with confirmed covid-19 and 34 patients with suspected covid-19.All patients underwent laboratory examination and chest CT examination,and the specific examination results were compared and analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in number of white blood cell,percentage of lymphocytes,creatine kinase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate between confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients(P<0.05).The CT imaging characteristics of COVID-19 patients were compared with those of suspected COVID-19 patients.The lesions of COVID-19 patients were mostly characterized by mixed ground glass density and pure ground glass density.There were vascular thickening and interstitial thickness increase,and accompanied by bronchiectasis or air bronchogram.The distribution of lesions was mostly subpleural without pleural effusion.The lesion area of suspected COVID-19 patients mostly showed solid density and mixed ground glass density.The lesion was distributed along bronchovascular and pleural effusion was observed.Conclusion:There are some differences in biochemical indexes and chest CT images between confirmed and suspected covid-19 patients,which can be used for differential diagnosis.
