In 2024,Ji Qiang et al.established a new species,namely,Homo yunxianensis,based on the fossil human cranium(EV9001)unearthed from the Xuetangliangzi site of Yunxian County,Hubei Province,China,and characterized by dev...In 2024,Ji Qiang et al.established a new species,namely,Homo yunxianensis,based on the fossil human cranium(EV9001)unearthed from the Xuetangliangzi site of Yunxian County,Hubei Province,China,and characterized by developing 16 teeth on the maxilla,two slightly curved,thick brow ridges,but no sagittal ridge along the cranial midline.Homo yunxianensis developed the skull of type C,which was considered as the descendant of Homo erectus and later evolved into Homo orientalis with 31 to 29 teeth orally.In this paper,we restudy the skull(the holotype)of the Jinniushan man,which was found in the cave crevasse deposit(Point A)on the southeast slope of the Jinniushan Hill in Yingkou City,Liaoning Province by the teachers and students of the Archaeology Department of Peking University in 1984.The skull shows some distinct characters as follows:the cranial fornix is medium tall;the sagittal ridge does not developed;the brow ridges are thick and slightly curved;the upper jaw has 16 teeth preserved in situ;and the posterior end(the transition part)is obtuse in shape.These features mentioned above show that the Jinniushan cranium represents a new species:Homo jinniushanensis sp.nov.,rather than Homo erectus,Homo yunxianensis,and archaic or early Homo sapiens.We suggested that Homo jinniushanensis sp.nov.is probably the intermediate form transitional from Homo yunxianensis to Homo(H.)sapiens.展开更多
本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针...本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针与水平骨针和纵向骨针斜交呈45度角;骨针之间无叠接;海绵体无口须和根须。群体小卵海绵在外部形态和骨架类型上与其他的原始单轴针海绵存在明显差异,其半紧密型骨架处于无规则排列的鬃毛海绵骨架和规则排列的细丝海绵骨架之间。另外新材料显示在海底固着取食的生态环境中,新属种用高密度的个体分布来获得竞争优势。群体小卵海绵独特的过渡形态的骨架结构和高密度生态分布为研究古生代原始单轴针海绵的骨架演化与生态空间扩张之间的关系提供了线索,也为研究寒武纪早期海绵动物的起源和多样化提供新的化石材料。展开更多
Dead twigs of Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)with fungal fruiting bodies were collected from Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province,China.After initial morphological observations,an interesting fungus whose morphologically r...Dead twigs of Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)with fungal fruiting bodies were collected from Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province,China.After initial morphological observations,an interesting fungus whose morphologically resembled Peroneutypa was isolated.Molecular phylogeny of combined ITS and tub2 showed our fungal collection is phylogenetically closely related to P.mackenziei.However,in morphology,our fungal collection is distinct from P.mackenziei in having an ostiolar canal without periphyses and the absence of paraphyses.Based on unique morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses results,our fungal isolate is described in this paper as Peroneutypa aquilariae sp.nov.In addition,this is the first report of the genus Peroneutypa from the host A.sinensis.Full description,illustrations,and a phylogenetic tree to show the placement of the new species are provided.A synoptic table of morphological characteristics in Peroneutypa reported worldwide is also provided.展开更多
A new genus Microelectrona gen. nov. and species Microelectrona cladara sp. nov. of the extinct tribe Protodikraneurini of the leafhoppers （Cicadellidae： Typhlocybinae） from the Eocene Baltic amber is described. Th...A new genus Microelectrona gen. nov. and species Microelectrona cladara sp. nov. of the extinct tribe Protodikraneurini of the leafhoppers （Cicadellidae： Typhlocybinae） from the Eocene Baltic amber is described. The piece of amber containing leafhopper inclusion is broken, unveiling some of the morphological structures, and enabling their studies using scanning electron microscopy.展开更多
Three new free-living marine nematodes belong to the order Enoplida from the Yellow Sea,China are described.The first new species,Halanonchus gracilis sp.nov.is characterized by inner labial sensilla papillose,outer l...Three new free-living marine nematodes belong to the order Enoplida from the Yellow Sea,China are described.The first new species,Halanonchus gracilis sp.nov.is characterized by inner labial sensilla papillose,outer labial setae and cephalic setae thick,with thin tips;oval amphideal fovea located posterior to buccal cavity;males possessing midventral row of 10-12 papilliform pharyngeal supplements and 13-15 unequal papilliform precloacal supplements;spicules almost straight,0.85-1.0 cloacal body diameter long;gubernaculum rod-shaped.The main difference between the described species and other known species within the genus is that precloacal supplements are unequal,6-7 posterior supplements smaller and closer,the rest 7-8 proximal supplements larger and far away.The genus Halanonchus is the first record from the Chinese sea area.The second new species,Micoletzkyia oxycephalata sp.nov.is characterized by very sharp-pointed anterior part of body,paired spicules unequal and precloacal supplement situated anterior to proximal end of spicules.This new species can be easily distinguished from all other known species of Micoletzkyia by outstanding body shape,unequal spicules,stick shaped gubernaculum without apophysis,and the position of precloacal supplement.The third new species,Wieseria zhangi sp.nov.is characterized by slender body with a clavate tail;large amphideal fovea oblong,double contour with a manubrium basally,situated posterior to cephalic setae;spicules short,slightly arcuated,not cephalated proximally,without internal stripe and ventral alae;gubernaculum rodlike,without apophysis;a short midventral spine positioned 11-12μm anterior to the cloaca.Updated keys to species of three genera Halanonchus,Micoletzkyia,and Wieseria are also given.展开更多
Two new species of Leptobrachella are described from Vietnam based on morphological differences and genetic divergences in 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequences.The new taxa are distinguished from each other and from ...Two new species of Leptobrachella are described from Vietnam based on morphological differences and genetic divergences in 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequences.The new taxa are distinguished from each other and from other species of the genus Leptobrachella in body size,head width/length ratio,tympanum morphology,dorsal skin texture,the presence/absence of fringes on toes,color of dorsal and ventral body,and iris color.The two new species are also divergent from each other and from other congeners by a 4.14% or greater uncorrected genetic distance.Leptobrachella batxatensis sp.nov.is genetically closest to L.shiwandashanensis and L.wuhuangmontis from China.Leptobrachella duyenae sp.nov.is genetically closest to L.bidoupensis from Vietnam with strong nodal support from both BI and ML analyses(1.0/99%).展开更多
文摘In 2024,Ji Qiang et al.established a new species,namely,Homo yunxianensis,based on the fossil human cranium(EV9001)unearthed from the Xuetangliangzi site of Yunxian County,Hubei Province,China,and characterized by developing 16 teeth on the maxilla,two slightly curved,thick brow ridges,but no sagittal ridge along the cranial midline.Homo yunxianensis developed the skull of type C,which was considered as the descendant of Homo erectus and later evolved into Homo orientalis with 31 to 29 teeth orally.In this paper,we restudy the skull(the holotype)of the Jinniushan man,which was found in the cave crevasse deposit(Point A)on the southeast slope of the Jinniushan Hill in Yingkou City,Liaoning Province by the teachers and students of the Archaeology Department of Peking University in 1984.The skull shows some distinct characters as follows:the cranial fornix is medium tall;the sagittal ridge does not developed;the brow ridges are thick and slightly curved;the upper jaw has 16 teeth preserved in situ;and the posterior end(the transition part)is obtuse in shape.These features mentioned above show that the Jinniushan cranium represents a new species:Homo jinniushanensis sp.nov.,rather than Homo erectus,Homo yunxianensis,and archaic or early Homo sapiens.We suggested that Homo jinniushanensis sp.nov.is probably the intermediate form transitional from Homo yunxianensis to Homo(H.)sapiens.
文摘本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针与水平骨针和纵向骨针斜交呈45度角;骨针之间无叠接;海绵体无口须和根须。群体小卵海绵在外部形态和骨架类型上与其他的原始单轴针海绵存在明显差异,其半紧密型骨架处于无规则排列的鬃毛海绵骨架和规则排列的细丝海绵骨架之间。另外新材料显示在海底固着取食的生态环境中,新属种用高密度的个体分布来获得竞争优势。群体小卵海绵独特的过渡形态的骨架结构和高密度生态分布为研究古生代原始单轴针海绵的骨架演化与生态空间扩张之间的关系提供了线索,也为研究寒武纪早期海绵动物的起源和多样化提供新的化石材料。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC 31760013,31950410558,32260004)High-Level Talent Recruitment Plan of Yunnan Provinces('Young Talents'Program)Tian-Ye Du thanks Mae Fah Luang University for the award of fee-less scholarship.Ausana Mapook thanks the Mae Fah Luang University Fund(Grant No.651A16029)。
文摘Dead twigs of Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)with fungal fruiting bodies were collected from Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province,China.After initial morphological observations,an interesting fungus whose morphologically resembled Peroneutypa was isolated.Molecular phylogeny of combined ITS and tub2 showed our fungal collection is phylogenetically closely related to P.mackenziei.However,in morphology,our fungal collection is distinct from P.mackenziei in having an ostiolar canal without periphyses and the absence of paraphyses.Based on unique morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses results,our fungal isolate is described in this paper as Peroneutypa aquilariae sp.nov.In addition,this is the first report of the genus Peroneutypa from the host A.sinensis.Full description,illustrations,and a phylogenetic tree to show the placement of the new species are provided.A synoptic table of morphological characteristics in Peroneutypa reported worldwide is also provided.
基金supported by a research grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland(no.NN 303 2979 37) awarded to JS
文摘A new genus Microelectrona gen. nov. and species Microelectrona cladara sp. nov. of the extinct tribe Protodikraneurini of the leafhoppers （Cicadellidae： Typhlocybinae） from the Eocene Baltic amber is described. The piece of amber containing leafhopper inclusion is broken, unveiling some of the morphological structures, and enabling their studies using scanning electron microscopy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41676146)。
文摘Three new free-living marine nematodes belong to the order Enoplida from the Yellow Sea,China are described.The first new species,Halanonchus gracilis sp.nov.is characterized by inner labial sensilla papillose,outer labial setae and cephalic setae thick,with thin tips;oval amphideal fovea located posterior to buccal cavity;males possessing midventral row of 10-12 papilliform pharyngeal supplements and 13-15 unequal papilliform precloacal supplements;spicules almost straight,0.85-1.0 cloacal body diameter long;gubernaculum rod-shaped.The main difference between the described species and other known species within the genus is that precloacal supplements are unequal,6-7 posterior supplements smaller and closer,the rest 7-8 proximal supplements larger and far away.The genus Halanonchus is the first record from the Chinese sea area.The second new species,Micoletzkyia oxycephalata sp.nov.is characterized by very sharp-pointed anterior part of body,paired spicules unequal and precloacal supplement situated anterior to proximal end of spicules.This new species can be easily distinguished from all other known species of Micoletzkyia by outstanding body shape,unequal spicules,stick shaped gubernaculum without apophysis,and the position of precloacal supplement.The third new species,Wieseria zhangi sp.nov.is characterized by slender body with a clavate tail;large amphideal fovea oblong,double contour with a manubrium basally,situated posterior to cephalic setae;spicules short,slightly arcuated,not cephalated proximally,without internal stripe and ventral alae;gubernaculum rodlike,without apophysis;a short midventral spine positioned 11-12μm anterior to the cloaca.Updated keys to species of three genera Halanonchus,Micoletzkyia,and Wieseria are also given.
基金supported by the National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED,106.05-2021.19)The CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI 2023VBC0022) supported C.V.HOANG as a Visiting Scientist in China+1 种基金Field surveys in Vietnam were partially supported by Project to Build National Forest Resources Museum Networkpartially supported by Ideal Wild and the Rufford Foundation (grant No.43835-1) to C.V.HOANG。
文摘Two new species of Leptobrachella are described from Vietnam based on morphological differences and genetic divergences in 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequences.The new taxa are distinguished from each other and from other species of the genus Leptobrachella in body size,head width/length ratio,tympanum morphology,dorsal skin texture,the presence/absence of fringes on toes,color of dorsal and ventral body,and iris color.The two new species are also divergent from each other and from other congeners by a 4.14% or greater uncorrected genetic distance.Leptobrachella batxatensis sp.nov.is genetically closest to L.shiwandashanensis and L.wuhuangmontis from China.Leptobrachella duyenae sp.nov.is genetically closest to L.bidoupensis from Vietnam with strong nodal support from both BI and ML analyses(1.0/99%).
