Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving...Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.展开更多
In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar perce...In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar percentage of Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNTO)within Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)(NMTO),with x values of 10,20,30,40,and 50.Both XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy)and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy)analyses unequivocally validated the formation of the NNMTO-x solid solutions.It was observed that when x is below 40,the NNMTO-x solid solution retains the structural characteristics of the original NMTO.However,beyond this threshold,significant alterations in crystal morphology were noted,accompanied by a noticeable decline in photocatalytic activity.Notably,the absorption edge of NNMTO-x(x<40)exhibited a shift towards the visible-light spectrum,thereby substantially broadening the absorption range.The findings highlight that NNMTO-30 possesses the most pronounced photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO_(2).Specifically,after a 6 h irradiation period,the production rates of CO and CH_(4)were recorded at 42.38 and 1.47μmol/g,respectively.This investigation provides pivotal insights that are instrumental in the advancement of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts tailored for CO_(2)reduction processes.展开更多
This letter addresses challenges in the clinical translation of BIBR1532,a promising telomerase inhibitor,for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).BIBR1532 exerts its anti-cancer effect by activat...This letter addresses challenges in the clinical translation of BIBR1532,a promising telomerase inhibitor,for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).BIBR1532 exerts its anti-cancer effect by activating DNA damage response(ATR/CHK1 and ATM/CHK2)pathways and downregulating telomere-binding proteins.Although its therapeutic potential is limited by poor aqueous solubility,solid dispersion(SD)technology may overcome this obstacle.Systematic analysis using PubChem-derived simplified molecular input line entry system identifiers and artificial intelligence-driven FormulationDT platform evaluation(oral formulation feasibility index:0.38)revealed that the SD technology,with superior scalability(32 approved products by 2021)and lower production risks,outperforms lipid-based formulations as an optimal dissolution strategy.Material analysis revealed hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as the optimal carrier with lower hygroscopicity,higher temperature and no intestinal targeting,thus enabling ESCC therapy.HPMC-based SD enhances BIBR1532 solubility and bioavailability for effective ESCC treatment.Future studies should focus on pilot tests for SD fabrication.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosupp...Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosuppressive therapy,AI has the potential to improve both operational efficiency and patient outcomes.Despite these advancements,the perspectives of transplant professionals-those at the forefront of critical decision-making-remain insufficiently explored.To address this gap,this study utilizes a multi-round electronic Delphi approach to gather and analyses insights from global experts involved in organ transplantation.Participants are invited to complete structured surveys capturing demographic data,professional roles,institutional practices,and prior exposure to AI technologies.The survey also explores perceptions of AI’s potential benefits.Quantitative responses are analyzed using descriptive statistics,while open-ended qualitative responses undergo thematic analysis.Preliminary findings indicate a generally positive outlook on AI’s role in enhancing transplantation processes,particularly in areas such as donor matching and post-operative care.These mixed views reflect both optimism and caution among professionals tasked with integrating new technologies into high-stakes clinical workflows.By capturing a wide range of expert opinions,the findings will inform future policy development,regulatory considerations,and institutional readiness frameworks for the integration of AI into organ transplantation.展开更多
This study focused on improving the cathode performance of Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.15)O_(3-δ)(BSCN)-based perovskite materials through molybdenum(Mo)doping.Pure BSCN and Mo-modified-BSCN—Ea_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0...This study focused on improving the cathode performance of Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.15)O_(3-δ)(BSCN)-based perovskite materials through molybdenum(Mo)doping.Pure BSCN and Mo-modified-BSCN—Ea_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.1)Mo_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(B S CNM_(0.05)),Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.05)Mo_(0.1)O_(3-δ)(BSCNM_(0.1)),and Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Mo_(0.15)O_(3-δ)(BSCM)—with Mo doping contents of 5mol%,10mol%,and15mol%,respectively,were successfully prepared using the sol-gel method.The effects of Mo doping on the crystal structure,conductivity,thermal expansion coefficient,oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity,and electrochemical performance were systematically evaluated using X-ray diffraction analysis,thermally induced characterization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and single-cell performance tests.The results revealed that Mo doping could improve the conductivity of the materials,suppress their thermal expansion effects,and significantly improve the electrochemical performance.Surface chemical state analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that 5mol%Mo doping could facilitate a high adsorbed oxygen concentration leading to enhanced ORR activity in the materials.Density functional theory calculations confirmed that Mo doping promoted the ORR activity in the materials.At an operating temperature of 600℃,the BSCNM_(0.05)cathode material exhibited significantly enhanced electrochemical impedance characteristics,with a reduced area specific resistance of 0.048Ω·cm~2,which was lower than that of the undoped BSCN matrix material by 32.39%.At the same operating temperature,an anode-supported single cell using a BSCNM_(0.05)cathode achieved a peak power density of 1477 mW·cm^(-2),which was 30.71%,56.30%,and 171.50%higher than those of BSCN,BSCNM_(0.1),and B SCM,respectively.The improved ORR activity and electrochemical performance of BSCNM_(0.05)indicate that it can be used as a cathode material in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.展开更多
A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viabl...A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viable strategies for implementing anode-free configuration utilizing solid-state electrolytes are briefly reviewed.Then,the remarkable work of Meng et al.on designing an anode-free sodium all-solid-state battery is elucidated.Finally,the significance of Meng’s work is discussed.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have garnered significant interest as the next-generation in battery technology,praised for their superior safety and high energy density.However,a conductive agent accelerates the unde...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have garnered significant interest as the next-generation in battery technology,praised for their superior safety and high energy density.However,a conductive agent accelerates the undesirable side reactions of sulfide-based solid electrolytes(SEs),resulting in poor electrochemical properties with increased interfacial resistance.Here,we propose a wet chemical method rationally designed to achieve a conformal coating of lithium-indium chloride(Li_(3)InCl_(6))onto vapor-grown carbon fibers(VGCFs)as conductive agents.First,with the advantage of the Li_(3)InCl_(6) protective layer,use of VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) leads to enhanced interfacial stability and improved electrochemical properties,including stable cycle performance.These results indicate that the Li_(3)InCl_(6) protective layer suppresses the unwanted reaction between Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl(LPSCl)and VGCF.Second,VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) effectively promotes polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)fibrillization,leading to a homogeneous electrode microstructure.The uniform distribution of the cathode active material(CAM)in the electrode results in reduced charge-transfer resistance(R_(ct))and enhanced Li-ion kinetics.As a result,a full cell with the LiNi_(x)Mn_(y)Co_(z)O_(2)(NCM)/VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) electrode shows an areal capacity of 7.7mAhcm^(−2) at 0.05 C and long-term cycle stability of 77.9%over 400 cycles at 0.2 C.This study offers a strategy for utilizing stable carbon-based conductive agents in sulfide-based ASSBs to enhance their electrochemical performance.展开更多
Fluoropolymers promise all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)but suffer from two critical challenges.The first is the trade-off between ionic conductivity(σ)and lithium anode reactions,closely related to hig...Fluoropolymers promise all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)but suffer from two critical challenges.The first is the trade-off between ionic conductivity(σ)and lithium anode reactions,closely related to high-content residual solvents.The second,usually consciously overlooked,is the fluoropolymer's inherent instability against alkaline lithium anodes.Here,we propose indium-based metal-organic frameworks(In-MOFs)as a multifunctional promoter to simultaneously address these two challenges,using poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene)(PVH)as the typical fluoropolymer.In-MOF plays a trio:(1)adsorbing and converting free residual solvents into bonded states to prevent their side reactions with lithium anodes while retaining their advantages on Li~+transport;(2)forming inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interphase layers to prevent PVH from reacting with lithium anodes and promote uniform lithium deposition without dendrite growth;(3)reducing PVH crystallinity and promoting Li-salt dissociation.Therefore,the resulting PVH/In-MOF(PVH-IM)showcases excellent electrochemical stability against lithium anodes,delivering a 5550 h cycling at 0.2 m A cm^(-2)with a remarkable cumulative lithium deposition capacity of 1110 m Ah cm^(-2).It also exhibits an ultrahighσof 1.23×10^(-3)S cm^(-1)at 25℃.Moreover,all-solid-state LiFePO_4|PVH-IM|Li full cells show outstanding rate capability and cyclability(80.0%capacity retention after 280 cycles at 0.5C),demonstrating high potential for practical ASLMBs.展开更多
Compared to currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries,which use flammable organic liquid electrolytes and low-energy-density graphite anodes,solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SSLMBs)offer enhanced energy densit...Compared to currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries,which use flammable organic liquid electrolytes and low-energy-density graphite anodes,solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SSLMBs)offer enhanced energy density and improved safety,making them promising alternatives for next-generation rechargeable batteries[1].As a crucial component of these batteries,solid-state electrolytes—divided into inorganic solid ceramic electrolytes(SCEs)and organic solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)—are vital for lithium-ion transport and inhibiting lithium dendrite growth.Among them,SCEs exhibit high ionic conductivity,excellent mechanical properties,and outstanding electrochemical and thermal stability.Nevertheless,their brittleness,interfacial challenges with electrodes,and the requirement for high stacking pressure during battery operation significantly hinder their scalable application.In comparison,SPEs are more favourable for manufacturing due to their flexibility and good interfacial compatibility with electrodes[2].Despite these advantages,SPEs still face significant challenges in achieving practical application.Firstly,typical SPEs,such as poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO),poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate(PEGDA),are characterized by high crystallinity,which causes polymer chains to be tightly packed and rigid.This restricts the segmental motion within the SPEs,resulting in low ionic conductivity.Secondly,compared to lithium ions,anions with large ionic radii and low charge density typically form weaker interactions with the polymer chains,which facilitates their mobility and results in a low lithium-ion transference number(tt).Thirdly,the weak interactions between polymer chains in typical SPEs lead to a low elastic modulus,which in turn compromises their poor mechanical strength.展开更多
Adopting high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes in halide and sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)holds great promise for breaking through the 400 Wh kg^(-1)bottleneck.However,both cell configurations are co...Adopting high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes in halide and sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)holds great promise for breaking through the 400 Wh kg^(-1)bottleneck.However,both cell configurations are confronted with intricate interfacial challenges in high-voltage regines(>4.5 V),resulting in inadequate cathode utilization and premature cell degradation.Moreover,contrary to previous studies,coupled with LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)cathodes,typical halide(Li_(2)ZrCl_(6))-based cells at 4.5 V feature unlimited interfacial degradation and poor long cycle stability,while typical sulfide(Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl)-based cells feature self-limited interfacial degradation and poor initial cycle stability.Herein,this work addresses the high-voltage limitations of Li_(2)ZrCl_(6)and Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl catholyte-based cells by manipulating electrode mass fraction and tailoring interfacial composition,thereby effectively improving interfacial charge-transfer kinetics and(electro)chemical stability within cathodes.After appropriate interface design,both optimized cells at 4.5 V demonstrate remarkably increased initial discharge capacities(>195 mA h g^(-1)at0.1 C),improved cycle stabilities(>80%after 600 cycles at 0.5 C),and enhanced rate performances(>115 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 C).This work deepens our understanding of high-voltage applications for halide/sulfide electrolytes and provides generalized interfacial design strategies for advancing high-voltage ASSLBs.展开更多
Halide electrolytes,renowned for their excellent electrochemical stability and wide voltage window,exhibit significant potential in the development of high energy density solid-state batteries featuring high voltage c...Halide electrolytes,renowned for their excellent electrochemical stability and wide voltage window,exhibit significant potential in the development of high energy density solid-state batteries featuring high voltage cathode materials.In this study,we present the development and synthesis of a 0.6Li_(2)S-ZrCl_(4)solid electrolyte,demonstrating an ion conductivity of 1.9×10^(–3)S/cm at 25°C.Under a pressure of 500 MPa,the relative density of the electrolyte can reach 97.37%,showcasing its commendable compressibility.0.6Li_(2)S-ZrCl_(4)served as the electrolyte,and we assembled batteries utilizing a LiCoO_(2)(LCO)positive electrode,Li_(9.54)Si_(1.74)P_(1.44)S_(11.7)Cl_(0.3)(LSPSCl)coating,and Li-In negative electrode for laboratory testing.At 25°C,this all-solid-state battery demonstrated an impressive discharge capacity retention rate of86.99%(with a final discharge specific capacity of 110.5 m Ah/g)after 250 cycles at 24 m A/g and 100 MPa stack pressure.Upon substituting the positive electrode material with LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)and assembling an all-solid-state battery,it demonstrated a discharge capacity retention rate of 74.17%after200 cycles at 3.6 m A/g and 100 MPa stack pressure in an environment at 25°C(with a final discharge specific capacity of 103.3 m A/g).Our findings hold significant implications for the design of novel superionic conductors,thereby contributing to the advancement of all-solid-state battery technology.展开更多
Solid phase extraction （SPE） is a widely used sample pretreatment method for separation, purification and enrichment, which has been established due to its significant advantages of time-saving, low consumption of s...Solid phase extraction （SPE） is a widely used sample pretreatment method for separation, purification and enrichment, which has been established due to its significant advantages of time-saving, low consumption of solvent, high enrichment factor, high accuracy, etc. In recent years, a variety of new SPE methods such as molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction （MISPE）, magnetic solid phase extraction （MSPE）, solid phase micro-extraction （SPME）, etc., which are superior to the conventional SPE, have been developed and been widely applied to food, drugs, and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the basic principles and methods of SPE and its new applications in different areas are reviewed.展开更多
Minimizing the thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)mismatch between the cathode and electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells is crucial for achieving stable,durable operation and high performance.Recently,materials with ne...Minimizing the thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)mismatch between the cathode and electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells is crucial for achieving stable,durable operation and high performance.Recently,materials with negative thermal expansion(NTE)have at-tracted significant attention as effective additives for tailoring the thermomechanical properties of electrodes and enhancing cell durability.In this work,for the first time,single-phase NTE perovskite Sm_(0.85)Zn_(0.15)MnO_(3−δ)(SZM15)was successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method,eliminating the unwanted ZnO phase typically observed in materials obtained through the conventional solid-state reaction route.The sol-gel approach proved highly advantageous,offering low cost,robustness,excellent chemical homogeneity,precise compositional control,and high phase purity.After optimization of synthesis parameters,a negative TEC of approximately−6.5×10^(−6)K^(−1)was achieved in the 400-850℃range.SZM15 was then incorporated as an additive(10wt%-50wt%)into a SmBa0.5Sr0.5CoCuO_(5+δ)(SBSCCO)cathode to tune the thermomechanical properties with a La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3−δ)(LSGM)electrolyte,achieving a minimal TEC mismatch of only 1%.Notably,the SBSCCO+10wt%SZM15 composite cathode exhibited the lowest polarization resistance of 0.019Ω·cm^(2)at 900℃,showing approximately 70%lower than that of the pristine cathode.Excellent long-term stability after 100 h of operation was achieved.In addition,a high peak power density of 680 mW·cm^(−2)was achieved in a Ni-YSZ(yttria-stabilized zirconia)|YSZ|Ce_(0.9)Gd_(0.1)O_(2−δ)(GDC10)|SBSCCO+10wt%SZM15 anode-supported fuel cell at 850℃,highlighting the effectiveness of incorporating NTE materials as a promising strategy for regulating the thermomechanical properties and improving the long-term stability of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs).展开更多
Compared to traditional liquid electrolyte batteries,solid metal batteries offer advantages such as a wide operating temperature range,high energy density,and improved safety,making them a promising energy storage tec...Compared to traditional liquid electrolyte batteries,solid metal batteries offer advantages such as a wide operating temperature range,high energy density,and improved safety,making them a promising energy storage technology.Solid electrolytes,as the core components of solid‐state batteries,are key factors in advancing solid‐state battery technology.Among various solid electrolytes,Na super ionic conductor(NASICON)‐type solid electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity(10−3 S·cm−1),a wide electrochemical window,and good thermal stability,providing room for the development of high energy‐density solid metal batteries.Since the discovery of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes in 1976,interest in their use in all‐solid‐state battery development has grown significantly.In this review,we comprehensively analyze the common features of NASICON lithium‐ion conductors and NASICON sodium‐ion conductors,review the historical development of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes,systematically summarize the transport mechanisms of metal cations in NASICON‐type solid electrolytes,discuss the latest strategies for enhancing ionic conductivity,elaborate on the latest methods for improving mechanical stability and interface stability,and point out the requirements of high energy density devices for NASICON‐type solid electrolytes as well as three types of in situ characterization techniques for interfaces.Finally,we highlight the challenges and potential solutions for the future development of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes and solid‐state metal batteries.展开更多
Dear Editor,Chemotherapy remains ineffective against solid tumors due to their dense extracellular matrix, abnormal vasculature, and high interstitial pressure coalesce to create a barrier to drug penetration and dist...Dear Editor,Chemotherapy remains ineffective against solid tumors due to their dense extracellular matrix, abnormal vasculature, and high interstitial pressure coalesce to create a barrier to drug penetration and distribution. This challenge is even particularly pronounced in pancreatic and brain tumors, where chemotherapy response rates remain dismal.The advent of ultrasonic tumor permeabilization using focused ultrasound and microbubble technology represents a significant breakthrough in research on overcoming drug resistance in solid tumors toward overcoming these barriers and improving outcomes.[1]展开更多
1.Introduction.The ever-increasing demands for high-energy-density power supply systems have driven the rapid development of conventional lithium-ion batteries,of which properties are approaching to the ceiling.In the...1.Introduction.The ever-increasing demands for high-energy-density power supply systems have driven the rapid development of conventional lithium-ion batteries,of which properties are approaching to the ceiling.In the meantime,the safety of lithium-ion batteries also grabs more attention as their wide application in consumer electronics and electric vehicles.The safety of battery system can be enhanced inherently by replacing the flammable liquid electrolytes with inorganic solid electrolytes,which makes solid-state battery one of the most promising candidates of next-generation energy storage systems[1-3].Additionally,the improvements in energy density are foreseen as solid electrolytes enable lithium metal anode[4-11]and high-voltage cathodes[12-15].展开更多
The widespread application of solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)is impeded due to their limited ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical window and lithium dendrite problem.In this work,Mg-metal-organic framework...The widespread application of solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)is impeded due to their limited ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical window and lithium dendrite problem.In this work,Mg-metal-organic frameworks(MOF)is incorporated into a polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based polymer solid electrolyte,leading to the insitu formation of LiF and other compounds at the electrolyte interface.This modification significantly improves lithium-ion transport capabilities and regulates lithium deposition behavior,suppressing the formation of lithium dendrites.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203123 and 52473248)State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(sklpme2024-2-04)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University。
文摘Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.
基金Supported by the Doctoral Research Start-up Project of Yuncheng University(YQ-2023067)Project of Shanxi Natural Science Foundation(202303021211189)+1 种基金Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Provinces(20220036)Shanxi ProvinceIntelligent Optoelectronic Sensing Application Technology Innovation Center and Shanxi Province Optoelectronic Information Science and TechnologyLaboratory,Yuncheng University.
文摘In this study,a straightforward one-step hydrothermal method was successfully utilized to synthesize the solid solution Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)-Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNMTO-x),where x denotes the molar percentage of Na_(2)Ni_(2)Ti_(6)O_(16)(NNTO)within Na_(0.9)Mg_(0.45)Ti_(3.55)O_(8)(NMTO),with x values of 10,20,30,40,and 50.Both XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy)and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy)analyses unequivocally validated the formation of the NNMTO-x solid solutions.It was observed that when x is below 40,the NNMTO-x solid solution retains the structural characteristics of the original NMTO.However,beyond this threshold,significant alterations in crystal morphology were noted,accompanied by a noticeable decline in photocatalytic activity.Notably,the absorption edge of NNMTO-x(x<40)exhibited a shift towards the visible-light spectrum,thereby substantially broadening the absorption range.The findings highlight that NNMTO-30 possesses the most pronounced photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO_(2).Specifically,after a 6 h irradiation period,the production rates of CO and CH_(4)were recorded at 42.38 and 1.47μmol/g,respectively.This investigation provides pivotal insights that are instrumental in the advancement of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts tailored for CO_(2)reduction processes.
基金Supported by“Continuation”Project of Excellent Doctors,Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2025A04J5082Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2024A1515011236.
文摘This letter addresses challenges in the clinical translation of BIBR1532,a promising telomerase inhibitor,for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).BIBR1532 exerts its anti-cancer effect by activating DNA damage response(ATR/CHK1 and ATM/CHK2)pathways and downregulating telomere-binding proteins.Although its therapeutic potential is limited by poor aqueous solubility,solid dispersion(SD)technology may overcome this obstacle.Systematic analysis using PubChem-derived simplified molecular input line entry system identifiers and artificial intelligence-driven FormulationDT platform evaluation(oral formulation feasibility index:0.38)revealed that the SD technology,with superior scalability(32 approved products by 2021)and lower production risks,outperforms lipid-based formulations as an optimal dissolution strategy.Material analysis revealed hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as the optimal carrier with lower hygroscopicity,higher temperature and no intestinal targeting,thus enabling ESCC therapy.HPMC-based SD enhances BIBR1532 solubility and bioavailability for effective ESCC treatment.Future studies should focus on pilot tests for SD fabrication.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosuppressive therapy,AI has the potential to improve both operational efficiency and patient outcomes.Despite these advancements,the perspectives of transplant professionals-those at the forefront of critical decision-making-remain insufficiently explored.To address this gap,this study utilizes a multi-round electronic Delphi approach to gather and analyses insights from global experts involved in organ transplantation.Participants are invited to complete structured surveys capturing demographic data,professional roles,institutional practices,and prior exposure to AI technologies.The survey also explores perceptions of AI’s potential benefits.Quantitative responses are analyzed using descriptive statistics,while open-ended qualitative responses undergo thematic analysis.Preliminary findings indicate a generally positive outlook on AI’s role in enhancing transplantation processes,particularly in areas such as donor matching and post-operative care.These mixed views reflect both optimism and caution among professionals tasked with integrating new technologies into high-stakes clinical workflows.By capturing a wide range of expert opinions,the findings will inform future policy development,regulatory considerations,and institutional readiness frameworks for the integration of AI into organ transplantation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22309067)the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering,China(No.KL21-05)the Marine Equipment and Technology Institute,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,China(No.XTCX202404)。
文摘This study focused on improving the cathode performance of Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.15)O_(3-δ)(BSCN)-based perovskite materials through molybdenum(Mo)doping.Pure BSCN and Mo-modified-BSCN—Ea_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.1)Mo_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(B S CNM_(0.05)),Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Nb_(0.05)Mo_(0.1)O_(3-δ)(BSCNM_(0.1)),and Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.85)Mo_(0.15)O_(3-δ)(BSCM)—with Mo doping contents of 5mol%,10mol%,and15mol%,respectively,were successfully prepared using the sol-gel method.The effects of Mo doping on the crystal structure,conductivity,thermal expansion coefficient,oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity,and electrochemical performance were systematically evaluated using X-ray diffraction analysis,thermally induced characterization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and single-cell performance tests.The results revealed that Mo doping could improve the conductivity of the materials,suppress their thermal expansion effects,and significantly improve the electrochemical performance.Surface chemical state analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that 5mol%Mo doping could facilitate a high adsorbed oxygen concentration leading to enhanced ORR activity in the materials.Density functional theory calculations confirmed that Mo doping promoted the ORR activity in the materials.At an operating temperature of 600℃,the BSCNM_(0.05)cathode material exhibited significantly enhanced electrochemical impedance characteristics,with a reduced area specific resistance of 0.048Ω·cm~2,which was lower than that of the undoped BSCN matrix material by 32.39%.At the same operating temperature,an anode-supported single cell using a BSCNM_(0.05)cathode achieved a peak power density of 1477 mW·cm^(-2),which was 30.71%,56.30%,and 171.50%higher than those of BSCN,BSCNM_(0.1),and B SCM,respectively.The improved ORR activity and electrochemical performance of BSCNM_(0.05)indicate that it can be used as a cathode material in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.
基金grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472247,52172229,21401145)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.104972024KFYjc0079).
文摘A commentary on an anode-free cell design with electrochemically stable sodium borohydride solid electrolyte and pelletized aluminium current collector for sodium all-solid-state batteries is presented.First,the viable strategies for implementing anode-free configuration utilizing solid-state electrolytes are briefly reviewed.Then,the remarkable work of Meng et al.on designing an anode-free sodium all-solid-state battery is elucidated.Finally,the significance of Meng’s work is discussed.
基金supported by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)grant funded by the Korean Government(MOTIE)(RS-2024-00417730,HRD Program for Industrial Innovation)supported by the Technology Innovation Program(or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program-Materials&Components Technology Development Program)(20024261),Development of thick film electrodes and cell manufacturing technology for a high-performance lithium iron phosphate battery with energy density of over 200 Wh/kg was funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea).
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)have garnered significant interest as the next-generation in battery technology,praised for their superior safety and high energy density.However,a conductive agent accelerates the undesirable side reactions of sulfide-based solid electrolytes(SEs),resulting in poor electrochemical properties with increased interfacial resistance.Here,we propose a wet chemical method rationally designed to achieve a conformal coating of lithium-indium chloride(Li_(3)InCl_(6))onto vapor-grown carbon fibers(VGCFs)as conductive agents.First,with the advantage of the Li_(3)InCl_(6) protective layer,use of VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) leads to enhanced interfacial stability and improved electrochemical properties,including stable cycle performance.These results indicate that the Li_(3)InCl_(6) protective layer suppresses the unwanted reaction between Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl(LPSCl)and VGCF.Second,VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) effectively promotes polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)fibrillization,leading to a homogeneous electrode microstructure.The uniform distribution of the cathode active material(CAM)in the electrode results in reduced charge-transfer resistance(R_(ct))and enhanced Li-ion kinetics.As a result,a full cell with the LiNi_(x)Mn_(y)Co_(z)O_(2)(NCM)/VGCF@Li_(3)InCl_(6) electrode shows an areal capacity of 7.7mAhcm^(−2) at 0.05 C and long-term cycle stability of 77.9%over 400 cycles at 0.2 C.This study offers a strategy for utilizing stable carbon-based conductive agents in sulfide-based ASSBs to enhance their electrochemical performance.
基金the financial support from the 261 Project of MIITNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20240179)。
文摘Fluoropolymers promise all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)but suffer from two critical challenges.The first is the trade-off between ionic conductivity(σ)and lithium anode reactions,closely related to high-content residual solvents.The second,usually consciously overlooked,is the fluoropolymer's inherent instability against alkaline lithium anodes.Here,we propose indium-based metal-organic frameworks(In-MOFs)as a multifunctional promoter to simultaneously address these two challenges,using poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene)(PVH)as the typical fluoropolymer.In-MOF plays a trio:(1)adsorbing and converting free residual solvents into bonded states to prevent their side reactions with lithium anodes while retaining their advantages on Li~+transport;(2)forming inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interphase layers to prevent PVH from reacting with lithium anodes and promote uniform lithium deposition without dendrite growth;(3)reducing PVH crystallinity and promoting Li-salt dissociation.Therefore,the resulting PVH/In-MOF(PVH-IM)showcases excellent electrochemical stability against lithium anodes,delivering a 5550 h cycling at 0.2 m A cm^(-2)with a remarkable cumulative lithium deposition capacity of 1110 m Ah cm^(-2).It also exhibits an ultrahighσof 1.23×10^(-3)S cm^(-1)at 25℃.Moreover,all-solid-state LiFePO_4|PVH-IM|Li full cells show outstanding rate capability and cyclability(80.0%capacity retention after 280 cycles at 0.5C),demonstrating high potential for practical ASLMBs.
基金supported by the University of Wollongong,Wollongong,Australiafinancial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272086)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0009).
文摘Compared to currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries,which use flammable organic liquid electrolytes and low-energy-density graphite anodes,solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SSLMBs)offer enhanced energy density and improved safety,making them promising alternatives for next-generation rechargeable batteries[1].As a crucial component of these batteries,solid-state electrolytes—divided into inorganic solid ceramic electrolytes(SCEs)and organic solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)—are vital for lithium-ion transport and inhibiting lithium dendrite growth.Among them,SCEs exhibit high ionic conductivity,excellent mechanical properties,and outstanding electrochemical and thermal stability.Nevertheless,their brittleness,interfacial challenges with electrodes,and the requirement for high stacking pressure during battery operation significantly hinder their scalable application.In comparison,SPEs are more favourable for manufacturing due to their flexibility and good interfacial compatibility with electrodes[2].Despite these advantages,SPEs still face significant challenges in achieving practical application.Firstly,typical SPEs,such as poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO),poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate(PEGDA),are characterized by high crystallinity,which causes polymer chains to be tightly packed and rigid.This restricts the segmental motion within the SPEs,resulting in low ionic conductivity.Secondly,compared to lithium ions,anions with large ionic radii and low charge density typically form weaker interactions with the polymer chains,which facilitates their mobility and results in a low lithium-ion transference number(tt).Thirdly,the weak interactions between polymer chains in typical SPEs lead to a low elastic modulus,which in turn compromises their poor mechanical strength.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3803505)National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(U21A2080&22479009)National Related Project and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-22-01C2)。
文摘Adopting high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes in halide and sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)holds great promise for breaking through the 400 Wh kg^(-1)bottleneck.However,both cell configurations are confronted with intricate interfacial challenges in high-voltage regines(>4.5 V),resulting in inadequate cathode utilization and premature cell degradation.Moreover,contrary to previous studies,coupled with LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)cathodes,typical halide(Li_(2)ZrCl_(6))-based cells at 4.5 V feature unlimited interfacial degradation and poor long cycle stability,while typical sulfide(Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl)-based cells feature self-limited interfacial degradation and poor initial cycle stability.Herein,this work addresses the high-voltage limitations of Li_(2)ZrCl_(6)and Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl catholyte-based cells by manipulating electrode mass fraction and tailoring interfacial composition,thereby effectively improving interfacial charge-transfer kinetics and(electro)chemical stability within cathodes.After appropriate interface design,both optimized cells at 4.5 V demonstrate remarkably increased initial discharge capacities(>195 mA h g^(-1)at0.1 C),improved cycle stabilities(>80%after 600 cycles at 0.5 C),and enhanced rate performances(>115 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 C).This work deepens our understanding of high-voltage applications for halide/sulfide electrolytes and provides generalized interfacial design strategies for advancing high-voltage ASSLBs.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.B2020203037,F2021203097)Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.JZX2024022)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52022088,51971245)。
文摘Halide electrolytes,renowned for their excellent electrochemical stability and wide voltage window,exhibit significant potential in the development of high energy density solid-state batteries featuring high voltage cathode materials.In this study,we present the development and synthesis of a 0.6Li_(2)S-ZrCl_(4)solid electrolyte,demonstrating an ion conductivity of 1.9×10^(–3)S/cm at 25°C.Under a pressure of 500 MPa,the relative density of the electrolyte can reach 97.37%,showcasing its commendable compressibility.0.6Li_(2)S-ZrCl_(4)served as the electrolyte,and we assembled batteries utilizing a LiCoO_(2)(LCO)positive electrode,Li_(9.54)Si_(1.74)P_(1.44)S_(11.7)Cl_(0.3)(LSPSCl)coating,and Li-In negative electrode for laboratory testing.At 25°C,this all-solid-state battery demonstrated an impressive discharge capacity retention rate of86.99%(with a final discharge specific capacity of 110.5 m Ah/g)after 250 cycles at 24 m A/g and 100 MPa stack pressure.Upon substituting the positive electrode material with LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)and assembling an all-solid-state battery,it demonstrated a discharge capacity retention rate of 74.17%after200 cycles at 3.6 m A/g and 100 MPa stack pressure in an environment at 25°C(with a final discharge specific capacity of 103.3 m A/g).Our findings hold significant implications for the design of novel superionic conductors,thereby contributing to the advancement of all-solid-state battery technology.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory for Rare Disease of Shandong Province
文摘Solid phase extraction （SPE） is a widely used sample pretreatment method for separation, purification and enrichment, which has been established due to its significant advantages of time-saving, low consumption of solvent, high enrichment factor, high accuracy, etc. In recent years, a variety of new SPE methods such as molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction （MISPE）, magnetic solid phase extraction （MSPE）, solid phase micro-extraction （SPME）, etc., which are superior to the conventional SPE, have been developed and been widely applied to food, drugs, and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the basic principles and methods of SPE and its new applications in different areas are reviewed.
基金supported by the research project within the program“Excellence Initiative-Research University”for the AGH University of Krakow(IDUB AGH,Action 21)Kun Zheng acknowledges financial support from AGH University of Krakow(No.16.16.210.476).
文摘Minimizing the thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)mismatch between the cathode and electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells is crucial for achieving stable,durable operation and high performance.Recently,materials with negative thermal expansion(NTE)have at-tracted significant attention as effective additives for tailoring the thermomechanical properties of electrodes and enhancing cell durability.In this work,for the first time,single-phase NTE perovskite Sm_(0.85)Zn_(0.15)MnO_(3−δ)(SZM15)was successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method,eliminating the unwanted ZnO phase typically observed in materials obtained through the conventional solid-state reaction route.The sol-gel approach proved highly advantageous,offering low cost,robustness,excellent chemical homogeneity,precise compositional control,and high phase purity.After optimization of synthesis parameters,a negative TEC of approximately−6.5×10^(−6)K^(−1)was achieved in the 400-850℃range.SZM15 was then incorporated as an additive(10wt%-50wt%)into a SmBa0.5Sr0.5CoCuO_(5+δ)(SBSCCO)cathode to tune the thermomechanical properties with a La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3−δ)(LSGM)electrolyte,achieving a minimal TEC mismatch of only 1%.Notably,the SBSCCO+10wt%SZM15 composite cathode exhibited the lowest polarization resistance of 0.019Ω·cm^(2)at 900℃,showing approximately 70%lower than that of the pristine cathode.Excellent long-term stability after 100 h of operation was achieved.In addition,a high peak power density of 680 mW·cm^(−2)was achieved in a Ni-YSZ(yttria-stabilized zirconia)|YSZ|Ce_(0.9)Gd_(0.1)O_(2−δ)(GDC10)|SBSCCO+10wt%SZM15 anode-supported fuel cell at 850℃,highlighting the effectiveness of incorporating NTE materials as a promising strategy for regulating the thermomechanical properties and improving the long-term stability of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52472137)the Talent Introduction Research Project of Hebei University(No.521100224231)the Shanghai Magnolia Talent Plan Pujiang Project(23PJ1415600)。
文摘Compared to traditional liquid electrolyte batteries,solid metal batteries offer advantages such as a wide operating temperature range,high energy density,and improved safety,making them a promising energy storage technology.Solid electrolytes,as the core components of solid‐state batteries,are key factors in advancing solid‐state battery technology.Among various solid electrolytes,Na super ionic conductor(NASICON)‐type solid electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity(10−3 S·cm−1),a wide electrochemical window,and good thermal stability,providing room for the development of high energy‐density solid metal batteries.Since the discovery of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes in 1976,interest in their use in all‐solid‐state battery development has grown significantly.In this review,we comprehensively analyze the common features of NASICON lithium‐ion conductors and NASICON sodium‐ion conductors,review the historical development of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes,systematically summarize the transport mechanisms of metal cations in NASICON‐type solid electrolytes,discuss the latest strategies for enhancing ionic conductivity,elaborate on the latest methods for improving mechanical stability and interface stability,and point out the requirements of high energy density devices for NASICON‐type solid electrolytes as well as three types of in situ characterization techniques for interfaces.Finally,we highlight the challenges and potential solutions for the future development of NASICON‐type solid electrolytes and solid‐state metal batteries.
文摘Dear Editor,Chemotherapy remains ineffective against solid tumors due to their dense extracellular matrix, abnormal vasculature, and high interstitial pressure coalesce to create a barrier to drug penetration and distribution. This challenge is even particularly pronounced in pancreatic and brain tumors, where chemotherapy response rates remain dismal.The advent of ultrasonic tumor permeabilization using focused ultrasound and microbubble technology represents a significant breakthrough in research on overcoming drug resistance in solid tumors toward overcoming these barriers and improving outcomes.[1]
文摘1.Introduction.The ever-increasing demands for high-energy-density power supply systems have driven the rapid development of conventional lithium-ion batteries,of which properties are approaching to the ceiling.In the meantime,the safety of lithium-ion batteries also grabs more attention as their wide application in consumer electronics and electric vehicles.The safety of battery system can be enhanced inherently by replacing the flammable liquid electrolytes with inorganic solid electrolytes,which makes solid-state battery one of the most promising candidates of next-generation energy storage systems[1-3].Additionally,the improvements in energy density are foreseen as solid electrolytes enable lithium metal anode[4-11]and high-voltage cathodes[12-15].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52374302 and 51874099)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province’s Key Project(No.2021J02031)+1 种基金support from the open fund from Academy of Carbon Neutrality of Fujian Normal University(No.TZH_(2)022-06)We also thank the Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship(No.cxx1-2024363)。
文摘The widespread application of solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)is impeded due to their limited ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical window and lithium dendrite problem.In this work,Mg-metal-organic frameworks(MOF)is incorporated into a polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based polymer solid electrolyte,leading to the insitu formation of LiF and other compounds at the electrolyte interface.This modification significantly improves lithium-ion transport capabilities and regulates lithium deposition behavior,suppressing the formation of lithium dendrites.
