We propose that the QCD vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate density vary in space and drops to extremely low values in the Kennan, Barger and Cowie (KBC) void in analogy to earth’s atmospheric density drop with elevat...We propose that the QCD vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate density vary in space and drops to extremely low values in the Kennan, Barger and Cowie (KBC) void in analogy to earth’s atmospheric density drop with elevation from earth. We propose a formula for the gravitation acceleration based on the non-uniform pion tetrahedron condensate. Gravity may be due to the underlying microscopic attraction between quarks and antiquarks, which are part of the vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate. We propose an electron tetrahedron model, where electrons are comprised of tetraquark tetrahedrons, and . The quarks determine the negative electron charge and the or quarks determine the electron two spin states. The electron tetrahedron may perform a high frequency quark exchange reactions with the pion tetrahedron condensate by tunneling through the condensation gap creating a delocalized electron cloud with a fixed spin. The pion tetrahedron may act as a QCD glue bonding electron pairs in atoms and molecules and protons to neutrons in the nuclei. Conservation of valence quarks and antiquarks is proposed.展开更多
This paper presents our endeavors in developing the large-scale, ultra-high-resolution E3SM Land Model (uELM), specifically designed for exascale computers furnished with accelerators such as Nvidia GPUs. The uELM is ...This paper presents our endeavors in developing the large-scale, ultra-high-resolution E3SM Land Model (uELM), specifically designed for exascale computers furnished with accelerators such as Nvidia GPUs. The uELM is a sophisticated code that substantially relies on High-Performance Computing (HPC) environments, necessitating particular machine and software configurations. To facilitate community-based uELM developments employing GPUs, we have created a portable, standalone software environment preconfigured with uELM input datasets, simulation cases, and source code. This environment, utilizing Docker, encompasses all essential code, libraries, and system software for uELM development on GPUs. It also features a functional unit test framework and an offline model testbed for comprehensive numerical experiments. From a technical perspective, the paper discusses GPU-ready container generations, uELM code management, and input data distribution across computational platforms. Lastly, the paper demonstrates the use of environment for functional unit testing, end-to-end simulation on CPUs and GPUs, and collaborative code development.展开更多
Designing and optimizing complex scientific code for new computing architectures is a challenging task. To address this issue in the E3SM land model (ELM) development, we developed a software tool called SPEL, which f...Designing and optimizing complex scientific code for new computing architectures is a challenging task. To address this issue in the E3SM land model (ELM) development, we developed a software tool called SPEL, which facilitates code generation, verification, and performance tuning using compiler directives within a Function Unit Test framework. In this paper, we present a SPEL extension that leverages the version control system (e.g., Git) to autonomous code generation and demonstrate its application to continuous code integration and development of the ELM software system. The study can benefit the scientific software development community.展开更多
The discovery of the Higgs boson[1,2]marked the fulfillment of a key prediction within the standard model(SM)[3-7],which describes electroweak and strong interactions through the gauge symmetry M=UY(1 SU SUC(3).This m...The discovery of the Higgs boson[1,2]marked the fulfillment of a key prediction within the standard model(SM)[3-7],which describes electroweak and strong interactions through the gauge symmetry M=UY(1 SU SUC(3).This model is firmly established in quantum field theory(QFT)within Minkowski spacetime and extensively supported by experimental verification.Meanwhile,the direct detection of gravitational waves[8]has provided crucial confirmation for the Einstein’s general theory of relativity(GR)[9],which is characterized by the dynamics of Riemannian geometry in curved spacetime based on the general symmetry GL(1,3,R).展开更多
The standard model(SM)of particle physics has been surprsingly successful in explaining fundamental interactions,yet it leaves many key problems unsolved,including such as the origin of CP violation,the origin of matt...The standard model(SM)of particle physics has been surprsingly successful in explaining fundamental interactions,yet it leaves many key problems unsolved,including such as the origin of CP violation,the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe[1-3],the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton[4,5],as well as a possible neutrionless doubleβdecay process[6-10],etc.The new physics beyond the SM can be systematically formulated via the SM effective field theory(SMEFT)[11]in terms of gauge-invariant effective operators having mass-dimensions higher than four.The neutral triple gauge boson couplings(nTGCs)[12-22]describe interactions among neutral electroweak gauge bosons(Z,γ).They are absent both in the SM and at the level of dimension-6 effective operators of the SMEFT,but can first appear as the dimension-8 effective operators,providing a distinctive window for new physics beyond the SM.展开更多
The article[1]discusses systematically the measurement of neutral triple gauge boson couplings(nTGCs)[2-11](that violate CP symmetry)at high-energy colliders,especially at the electron-positron Higgs factories.Since d...The article[1]discusses systematically the measurement of neutral triple gauge boson couplings(nTGCs)[2-11](that violate CP symmetry)at high-energy colliders,especially at the electron-positron Higgs factories.Since direct couplings of triple neutral gauge bosons do not exist both in the dimension-4 Lagrangian of the standard model(SM)and at the dimension-6 level of the SM effective field theory(SMEFT),measuring the nTGCs can provide an effective window for searching new physics beyond the SM.Furthermore,the nTGCs can provide possible new source of CP violations beyond the Kobayashi-Maskawa(KM)mechanism[12]of the SM.Hence,measuring the CPV nTGCs is important for a better understanding of the CP violations and possibly the origin of the matter in the Universe.展开更多
文摘We propose that the QCD vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate density vary in space and drops to extremely low values in the Kennan, Barger and Cowie (KBC) void in analogy to earth’s atmospheric density drop with elevation from earth. We propose a formula for the gravitation acceleration based on the non-uniform pion tetrahedron condensate. Gravity may be due to the underlying microscopic attraction between quarks and antiquarks, which are part of the vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate. We propose an electron tetrahedron model, where electrons are comprised of tetraquark tetrahedrons, and . The quarks determine the negative electron charge and the or quarks determine the electron two spin states. The electron tetrahedron may perform a high frequency quark exchange reactions with the pion tetrahedron condensate by tunneling through the condensation gap creating a delocalized electron cloud with a fixed spin. The pion tetrahedron may act as a QCD glue bonding electron pairs in atoms and molecules and protons to neutrons in the nuclei. Conservation of valence quarks and antiquarks is proposed.
文摘This paper presents our endeavors in developing the large-scale, ultra-high-resolution E3SM Land Model (uELM), specifically designed for exascale computers furnished with accelerators such as Nvidia GPUs. The uELM is a sophisticated code that substantially relies on High-Performance Computing (HPC) environments, necessitating particular machine and software configurations. To facilitate community-based uELM developments employing GPUs, we have created a portable, standalone software environment preconfigured with uELM input datasets, simulation cases, and source code. This environment, utilizing Docker, encompasses all essential code, libraries, and system software for uELM development on GPUs. It also features a functional unit test framework and an offline model testbed for comprehensive numerical experiments. From a technical perspective, the paper discusses GPU-ready container generations, uELM code management, and input data distribution across computational platforms. Lastly, the paper demonstrates the use of environment for functional unit testing, end-to-end simulation on CPUs and GPUs, and collaborative code development.
文摘Designing and optimizing complex scientific code for new computing architectures is a challenging task. To address this issue in the E3SM land model (ELM) development, we developed a software tool called SPEL, which facilitates code generation, verification, and performance tuning using compiler directives within a Function Unit Test framework. In this paper, we present a SPEL extension that leverages the version control system (e.g., Git) to autonomous code generation and demonstrate its application to continuous code integration and development of the ELM software system. The study can benefit the scientific software development community.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12347103 and 11821505)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC2201501)the Strategic Priority Research and special fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The discovery of the Higgs boson[1,2]marked the fulfillment of a key prediction within the standard model(SM)[3-7],which describes electroweak and strong interactions through the gauge symmetry M=UY(1 SU SUC(3).This model is firmly established in quantum field theory(QFT)within Minkowski spacetime and extensively supported by experimental verification.Meanwhile,the direct detection of gravitational waves[8]has provided crucial confirmation for the Einstein’s general theory of relativity(GR)[9],which is characterized by the dynamics of Riemannian geometry in curved spacetime based on the general symmetry GL(1,3,R).
文摘The standard model(SM)of particle physics has been surprsingly successful in explaining fundamental interactions,yet it leaves many key problems unsolved,including such as the origin of CP violation,the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe[1-3],the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton[4,5],as well as a possible neutrionless doubleβdecay process[6-10],etc.The new physics beyond the SM can be systematically formulated via the SM effective field theory(SMEFT)[11]in terms of gauge-invariant effective operators having mass-dimensions higher than four.The neutral triple gauge boson couplings(nTGCs)[12-22]describe interactions among neutral electroweak gauge bosons(Z,γ).They are absent both in the SM and at the level of dimension-6 effective operators of the SMEFT,but can first appear as the dimension-8 effective operators,providing a distinctive window for new physics beyond the SM.
文摘The article[1]discusses systematically the measurement of neutral triple gauge boson couplings(nTGCs)[2-11](that violate CP symmetry)at high-energy colliders,especially at the electron-positron Higgs factories.Since direct couplings of triple neutral gauge bosons do not exist both in the dimension-4 Lagrangian of the standard model(SM)and at the dimension-6 level of the SM effective field theory(SMEFT),measuring the nTGCs can provide an effective window for searching new physics beyond the SM.Furthermore,the nTGCs can provide possible new source of CP violations beyond the Kobayashi-Maskawa(KM)mechanism[12]of the SM.Hence,measuring the CPV nTGCs is important for a better understanding of the CP violations and possibly the origin of the matter in the Universe.
