Owing to high power density and long cycle life,micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)are regarded as a prevalent energy storage unit for miniaturized electronics in modern life.A major bottleneck is achieving enhanced energy de...Owing to high power density and long cycle life,micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)are regarded as a prevalent energy storage unit for miniaturized electronics in modern life.A major bottleneck is achieving enhanced energy density without sacrificing both power density and cycle life.To this end,designing electrodes in a“smart”way has emerged as an effective strategy to achieve a trade-off between the energy and power densities of MSCs.In the past few years,considerable research efforts have been devoted to exploring new electrode materials for high capacitance,but designing clever configurations for electrodes has rarely been investigated from a structural point of view,which is also important for MSCs within a limited footprint area,in particular.This review article categorizes and arranges these“smart”design strategies of electrodes into three design concepts:layer-by-layer,scaffoldassisted and rolling origami.The corresponding strengths and challenges are comprehensively summarized,and the potential solutions to resolve these challenges are pointed out.Finally,the smart design principle of the electrodes of MSCs and key perspectives for future research in this field are outlined.展开更多
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has renowned its fame for the ultra‐high sensitivity and single‐molecule detection ability,and listed as a fingerprint spectrum representative in various trace de...Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has renowned its fame for the ultra‐high sensitivity and single‐molecule detection ability,and listed as a fingerprint spectrum representative in various trace detection fields.Considerable efforts have been made by researchers to design high‐sensitive SERS‐active substrates ranging from noble metals to semiconductors.This review summarizes the fundamental theories for SERS technique,that is,the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism and chemical enhancement mechanism and the state‐of‐the‐art design strategies for noble metal and semiconductor substrates.It also sheds light on the effective approaches to improve the SERS activity for noble metal substrates,that is,tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance position,the assembling of hot spots,and precise controlling of nanogaps.Although charge transfer is considered as the main reason for the enhancement mechanism for semiconductors at the present stage,the underlying theoretical basis remains mysterious.This review summarized the critical points for SERS‐active substrates design and prospected the future development direction of SERS technology.展开更多
Buildings are becoming smarter as a result of a variety of advanced technologies that enable energy management, optimal space utilization, and smart surveillance for safety, among other things. Energy-efficient smart ...Buildings are becoming smarter as a result of a variety of advanced technologies that enable energy management, optimal space utilization, and smart surveillance for safety, among other things. Energy-efficient smart building ideas and execution are of great interest and top priority due to the building’s occupants’ misused and high-power consumption. This paper addresses the design and execution of an energy management system that includes a solar power system for generating power for the building’s needs and a PIR-based automation system for efficient power use. This project was carried out at the Military Technological College (MTC) in Muscat, in the system engineering department’s offices. This project seeks to generate power for the building’s energy needs using solar photovoltaic panels and reduce energy consumption within the office using a PIR-based automation system. The results demonstrate that after the breakeven point (the time it takes to recoup the initial investment), it can provide power to the building for another 17 years. The calculations and practical results presented in this study approve that the system is extremely helpful.展开更多
In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acc...In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acceptance of the intelligent products by the elderly. This paper puts forward the research ideas based on the cognitive characteristics and demand prediction of the specific population. Focusing on the research on the pension needs of people born in the 1960 s or 1970 s,it provides support for the solution of smart pension services in the peak period of aging population in the future.展开更多
A smart city provides a new idea and model for urban construction, management, and development. This article proposes the concepts and methodology for top-level design of smart cities based on the ＂ Integration of Fo...A smart city provides a new idea and model for urban construction, management, and development. This article proposes the concepts and methodology for top-level design of smart cities based on the ＂ Integration of Four Plans ＂, and the planning process and systems for implementing the top-level design of smart cities. This article discusses, from the perspective of a city, how to optimize resource allocation, coordinate the development of urban economy, society, resources, environment, and people＇s livelihood, and map out the blueprints for healthy and sustainable development of a smart city.展开更多
基金Sino‐German Center for Research Promotion,Grant/Award Number:GZ1579China Scholarship Council,Grant/Award Number:201908530218Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Grant/Award Number:LE 2249/5‐1。
文摘Owing to high power density and long cycle life,micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)are regarded as a prevalent energy storage unit for miniaturized electronics in modern life.A major bottleneck is achieving enhanced energy density without sacrificing both power density and cycle life.To this end,designing electrodes in a“smart”way has emerged as an effective strategy to achieve a trade-off between the energy and power densities of MSCs.In the past few years,considerable research efforts have been devoted to exploring new electrode materials for high capacitance,but designing clever configurations for electrodes has rarely been investigated from a structural point of view,which is also important for MSCs within a limited footprint area,in particular.This review article categorizes and arranges these“smart”design strategies of electrodes into three design concepts:layer-by-layer,scaffoldassisted and rolling origami.The corresponding strengths and challenges are comprehensively summarized,and the potential solutions to resolve these challenges are pointed out.Finally,the smart design principle of the electrodes of MSCs and key perspectives for future research in this field are outlined.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21875008,51801007,51876008,52022006Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:3202020。
文摘Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has renowned its fame for the ultra‐high sensitivity and single‐molecule detection ability,and listed as a fingerprint spectrum representative in various trace detection fields.Considerable efforts have been made by researchers to design high‐sensitive SERS‐active substrates ranging from noble metals to semiconductors.This review summarizes the fundamental theories for SERS technique,that is,the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism and chemical enhancement mechanism and the state‐of‐the‐art design strategies for noble metal and semiconductor substrates.It also sheds light on the effective approaches to improve the SERS activity for noble metal substrates,that is,tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance position,the assembling of hot spots,and precise controlling of nanogaps.Although charge transfer is considered as the main reason for the enhancement mechanism for semiconductors at the present stage,the underlying theoretical basis remains mysterious.This review summarized the critical points for SERS‐active substrates design and prospected the future development direction of SERS technology.
文摘Buildings are becoming smarter as a result of a variety of advanced technologies that enable energy management, optimal space utilization, and smart surveillance for safety, among other things. Energy-efficient smart building ideas and execution are of great interest and top priority due to the building’s occupants’ misused and high-power consumption. This paper addresses the design and execution of an energy management system that includes a solar power system for generating power for the building’s needs and a PIR-based automation system for efficient power use. This project was carried out at the Military Technological College (MTC) in Muscat, in the system engineering department’s offices. This project seeks to generate power for the building’s energy needs using solar photovoltaic panels and reduce energy consumption within the office using a PIR-based automation system. The results demonstrate that after the breakeven point (the time it takes to recoup the initial investment), it can provide power to the building for another 17 years. The calculations and practical results presented in this study approve that the system is extremely helpful.
基金This paper is the research result of the social science planning project of Chongqing(subject number:2018QNYS70)and the educational planning project of Chongqing(subject number:2017-GX-273).
文摘In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acceptance of the intelligent products by the elderly. This paper puts forward the research ideas based on the cognitive characteristics and demand prediction of the specific population. Focusing on the research on the pension needs of people born in the 1960 s or 1970 s,it provides support for the solution of smart pension services in the peak period of aging population in the future.
文摘A smart city provides a new idea and model for urban construction, management, and development. This article proposes the concepts and methodology for top-level design of smart cities based on the ＂ Integration of Four Plans ＂, and the planning process and systems for implementing the top-level design of smart cities. This article discusses, from the perspective of a city, how to optimize resource allocation, coordinate the development of urban economy, society, resources, environment, and people＇s livelihood, and map out the blueprints for healthy and sustainable development of a smart city.
