The constant evolution of pathogens poses a threat to wheat resistance against diseases,endangering food security.Developing resistant wheat varieties is the most practical approach for circumventing this problem.As a...The constant evolution of pathogens poses a threat to wheat resistance against diseases,endangering food security.Developing resistant wheat varieties is the most practical approach for circumventing this problem.As a close relative of wheat,Aegilops geniculata,particularly accession SY159,has evolved numerous beneficial traits that could be applied to improve wheat.In this study,we established the karyotype of SY159 by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)using the oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pTa535 and Oligo-pSc119.2 and a complete set of wheat–Ae.geniculata accession TA2899 addition lines as a reference.Using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)technology,400 specific markers were established for detecting the SY159 chromosomes with efficiencies reaching 81.5%.The SY159-specific markers were used to classify the different homologous groups of SY159 against the wheat-Ae.geniculata addition lines.We used these specific markers on the 7Mg chromosome after classification,and successfully confirmed their suitability for studying the different chromosomes of SY159.This study provides a foundation for accelerating the application of SY159 in genetic breeding programs designed to improve wheat.展开更多
利用简化基因组测序技术—特异性位点扩增片段测序技术(Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)对509份苹果属植物种质进行测序,获得586454个SLAF标签,其中多态性SLAF标签463612个;经过序列比对,根据完整度>0.94、...利用简化基因组测序技术—特异性位点扩增片段测序技术(Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)对509份苹果属植物种质进行测序,获得586454个SLAF标签,其中多态性SLAF标签463612个;经过序列比对,根据完整度>0.94、次要等位基因频率(MAF)>0.05,过滤筛选得到46460个多态性单核苷酸(SNP)位点;基于这些SNP位点构建苹果属植物不同种的系统发生树并分析主成分。结果表明,通过SLAF-seq技术能够在全基因组范围内快速开发高通量的SNP标记,并直接用于苹果属植物种质资源遗传多样性研究中。34种509份苹果属植物的多样性水平较高(He=0.318,I=0.488,Ae=1.520),在多于1份试材的种群中,变叶海棠的遗传多样性水平最高,中国苹果的遗传多样性水平最低。综合聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明,供试苹果属植物分为5个基本的类群,Ⅰ山荆子类群,Ⅱ苹果属植物野生种类群,Ⅲ苹果栽培品种类群,Ⅳ以中国苹果、八棱海棠、花红、楸子和海棠花为主的类群,Ⅴ新疆野苹果类群。野生种丽江山荆子、山楂海棠、陇东海棠、变叶海棠、花叶海棠、滇池海棠和沧江海棠聚类比较紧密,栽培种之间的亲缘关系相对较近,栽培品种与东方苹果和森林苹果等野生种聚在一起,新疆野苹果与中国原产苹果属栽培种的亲缘与起源演化关系有待于进一步考究。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471481)the Project of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province of China(2021NY-081 and 2023YBNY-033)。
文摘The constant evolution of pathogens poses a threat to wheat resistance against diseases,endangering food security.Developing resistant wheat varieties is the most practical approach for circumventing this problem.As a close relative of wheat,Aegilops geniculata,particularly accession SY159,has evolved numerous beneficial traits that could be applied to improve wheat.In this study,we established the karyotype of SY159 by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)using the oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pTa535 and Oligo-pSc119.2 and a complete set of wheat–Ae.geniculata accession TA2899 addition lines as a reference.Using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)technology,400 specific markers were established for detecting the SY159 chromosomes with efficiencies reaching 81.5%.The SY159-specific markers were used to classify the different homologous groups of SY159 against the wheat-Ae.geniculata addition lines.We used these specific markers on the 7Mg chromosome after classification,and successfully confirmed their suitability for studying the different chromosomes of SY159.This study provides a foundation for accelerating the application of SY159 in genetic breeding programs designed to improve wheat.
文摘利用简化基因组测序技术—特异性位点扩增片段测序技术(Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)对509份苹果属植物种质进行测序,获得586454个SLAF标签,其中多态性SLAF标签463612个;经过序列比对,根据完整度>0.94、次要等位基因频率(MAF)>0.05,过滤筛选得到46460个多态性单核苷酸(SNP)位点;基于这些SNP位点构建苹果属植物不同种的系统发生树并分析主成分。结果表明,通过SLAF-seq技术能够在全基因组范围内快速开发高通量的SNP标记,并直接用于苹果属植物种质资源遗传多样性研究中。34种509份苹果属植物的多样性水平较高(He=0.318,I=0.488,Ae=1.520),在多于1份试材的种群中,变叶海棠的遗传多样性水平最高,中国苹果的遗传多样性水平最低。综合聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明,供试苹果属植物分为5个基本的类群,Ⅰ山荆子类群,Ⅱ苹果属植物野生种类群,Ⅲ苹果栽培品种类群,Ⅳ以中国苹果、八棱海棠、花红、楸子和海棠花为主的类群,Ⅴ新疆野苹果类群。野生种丽江山荆子、山楂海棠、陇东海棠、变叶海棠、花叶海棠、滇池海棠和沧江海棠聚类比较紧密,栽培种之间的亲缘关系相对较近,栽培品种与东方苹果和森林苹果等野生种聚在一起,新疆野苹果与中国原产苹果属栽培种的亲缘与起源演化关系有待于进一步考究。
