[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimen...[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimental materials were used to measure SOD activities after pretreatment, meanwhile the differences in SOD isoenzymes from different materials were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). [Result] There are specific and histological differences in SOD activities of shrimps. With a similar electrophoresis pattern and migration rate, Penaeus japonicus and Litopenaeus vannamei showed remarkable differences with that of Procambarus clarkia. [Conclusion] The result showed the differences of cognation and origin of three shrimps.展开更多
The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericl...The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericlimenaeus hecate(Nobili, 1904) are recorded for the first time from Hainan Island.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effe...[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effects of A. crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Result] Penaeus japoni- cus, Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus affinis could coexist with A. crassispina, and A. crassispina had a certain attraction to Penaeus japonicus, but no harm oc- curred. There were neither behavioral effects nor hazards between Portunus san- guinolentus and A. crassispina. Portunus trituberculatus and Charybdis feriatus might cause some harm to A. crassispina when their quantity was large, but it was not a common phenomenon. [Conclusion[ This research provided references for the bio- logical behavioristics and the further development of ecological risk assessment of A. crassispina enhancement.展开更多
RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a cr...RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a crustacean allergy, strict avoidance is the only proven therapy, highlighting the need for more specific treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of sublingual shrimp immunotherapy in Egyptian patients allergic to shrimp. METHODS: This study was intended to help in diagnosis of shrimps allergen in 60 allergic patients (subdivided to 3 groups Urticaria (G1), rhinitis (G2) & asthma (G3)) and evaluate the sublingual immunotherapy by employing skin prick test, specific Immunoglobulin E, Total Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Eosinophilis and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), before and after therapy. Inclusion criteria were a history of shrimp allergy and positive skin prick test to crude shrimp extract from two species [Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi] at allergy and clinical immunology unit, in-Shams Hospitals. They underwent immunotherapy with extract of shrimp species and administered sublingually (SLIT). The measurement of all latter investigations for shrimp allergen on the start and 6 months after immunotherapy, as compared to placebo control, were performed. Results: The clinical response and laboratory improvement of the patients was correlated with their decline in the eosinophils (p < 0.001), total Immunoglobulin E (p < 0.001) and specific Immunoglobulin E test (p < 0.001) and with their increased in PEFR (p < 0.001) and Immunoglobulin G (p < 0.001). This study suggests that the most desenstized responsed group was rhinitis group followed by Urticaria group. Also,The more effective season induce allergy in summer (48.3%) followed by springs (28.3%) and genatic predisposition of allergic diseases was highly accepted in patients had a family history (68%). In conclusion, sublingual immunotherapy for shrimp allergy was safe, simple, uncostly, well tolerated and efficacious, gave a good results especially in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis.展开更多
Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of th...Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of the atyid shrimps in Masanga Mabe, an equatorial lowland forest stream of Kisangani region. Samplings were undertaken biweekly from September 2000 to August 2003 with Surber net in four study sites. A total of 14,878 atyid shrimps specimens were sampled, measured for carapace length, weighted and identified. Atyid production was estimated by size frequency method according to sites （1, 2 and 3）. Atyid composition showed the existence of two species： C africana （Caridina africana） Kingsley 1882 and C togoensis （Caridina togoensis） Hilgendorf 1893. Specific production ranged from 1.35 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 （grams dry mass per square meter per year） to 8.4 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C. africana and 0.95 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 to 4.55 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C togoensis. Mean annual P/B ratios varied from 3.89 year1 to 4.37 year1 for C africana and from 3.83 year^-1 to 3.98 year^-1 for C togoensis.展开更多
Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of...Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of non-marine fossil-bearing strata. The phosphatized carapaces or carapace external/internal moulds are the main objects for taxonomical studies. The delicate ornament and the ontogenetically developing morphological patterns on the growth bands of carapaces are the main fossil taxonomic criteria. While modern clam shrimp taxonomy is based on soft body morphological features and molecular data, which could not be found in the fossil records. This makes it difficult to discuss the fossil and modern clam shrimp phylogenetic relationship. Nowadays scanning electron microscopes are widely available, and can play an important role in investigating clam shrimp carapace morphology which could be common language to integrate fossil and modern taxonomy.展开更多
The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These t...The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These three species could not be identified during their naupliar stages. In the 1st protozoea,the antennule L1/L2 value is 1.7—2.0 in P.merguiensis,but lessthan 1.7 in P.chinensis and P.penicillatus;in the 2nd protozoea,the supra-orbital spine in P.chinensis isnot bifurcated,while those of P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus are bifurcated;in the 3rd protozoea,thereis a minute(or no)dorso-median spine on the posterior margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal somite in P.chinensis,but they are prominent in P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus.In the mysis and 1st postlarvalstages,P.chinensis differs from P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus in having 9(8 in the other 2 species)longsetae on the exopod of pereopods 1—3;additionally,one dorsal tooth appears on the rostrum of P.chinensis in the 2nd mysis and that展开更多
Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summari...Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summarized the research results of Chinese herbal medicines on improvement of shrimp immunity in recent years,and put forward the research direction of fishery Chinese herbal preparations in the future,in order to provide technical reference for shrimp culture industry.展开更多
Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium...Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) is a major aquatic food frequently consumed by inhabitants of the coastal area and those living hinterland, thus, being a major route of human exposure to 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecyl phthalate in the area. The purpose of the study was to evaluate factors that determine bioaccumulation and assess the potential cancer and non-cancer risk posed by these contaminants through human (adult and children) exposure via shrimp’s consumption using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The associated sediment showed higher mean concentrations of 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate at the two sites relative to those in fresh shrimp samples and factors such as size, lipid content, physicochemical property and environmental condition influenced the uptake of these contaminants. Besides water loss, the traditional drying process enhanced the levels of phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate in dry shrimps most likely due to combustion process and relatively low volatility, respectively and lowered the level of 2-methylnapthalene linked to its relatively high volatility. The potential of cancer and non-cancer development in human were highest via dry large shrimp consumption and followed the sequence: dry small shrimp > fresh large shrimp > fresh small shrimp and were within the USEPA reference standards. Although children were more vulnerable, the exposed individuals may not exhibit notable health-associated adverse effects in the near future. Thus, adequate advocacy is needed to sensitize those living in the catchments who often prefer dry shrimp in their meals on the adverse health implications of these contaminants for their survival and the need to maintain the health of the ecosystem.展开更多
海生爬行动物在早三叠世生物复苏过程中遍布在古特提斯洋和西泛大洋,南漳‒远安动物群是早三叠世最早的海生爬行动物群落之一.然而,该动物群的具体生存时代以及所赋存的嘉陵江组地层的沉积时代都还不够明确.在湖北南漳‒远安一带针对南漳...海生爬行动物在早三叠世生物复苏过程中遍布在古特提斯洋和西泛大洋,南漳‒远安动物群是早三叠世最早的海生爬行动物群落之一.然而,该动物群的具体生存时代以及所赋存的嘉陵江组地层的沉积时代都还不够明确.在湖北南漳‒远安一带针对南漳‒远安动物群赋存地层开展岩石地层和同位素年代学研究.南漳‒远安动物群产于嘉陵江组二段上部的纹层状灰岩中,并获得SHRIMP II U-Pb年龄247.8±1.2 Ma.建立了南漳‒远安地区嘉陵江组上部地层对比格架,证明南漳‒远安动物群生存在早三叠世Spathian晚期.展开更多
Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun...Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.展开更多
Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried ou...Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried out monthly with a beam trawl of 2 m length and 15 mm cod-end mesh size between December 2012 and November 2013.All individuals were sampled between 1 and 40+m water depth from 146 hauls.Results:A total of 550 P.trispinosus,618 Palaemon adspersus,12 Palaemon serratus,11 Philocheras fasciatus and 10 Crangon crangon were sampled during the study period.The crangonid shrimps started appearing during the winter and spring and the number of individuals increased to reach their highest value in mid-winter and mid-spring.The seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters for P.trispinosus were estimated as L_(∞)=29.3 mm total length,K=0.860/year,t_(0)=–0.900 year,C=0.180,and t_(s)=0.010.The start of the slow growth period was at the beginning of July(WP=0.510).Ovigerous females appeared in the sampling area between January and April.Size at sexual maturity was estimated as 25.69 mm total length.Conclusions:The results supported the distribution and abundance of caridean shrimp species from the study area and the population dynamics of the most abundant shrimp species,P.trispinosus.The current study can be answered as baseline data prior to management strategies to ensure sustainable conservation of the shrimp species.展开更多
This is a correction to:Isabela R R Moraes,Mariana Antunes,Laura S Lopez-Greco,Fernando Jose Zara,Antonio Leao Castilho,Functional reproductive morphology of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate,1888(Decap...This is a correction to:Isabela R R Moraes,Mariana Antunes,Laura S Lopez-Greco,Fernando Jose Zara,Antonio Leao Castilho,Functional reproductive morphology of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate,1888(Decapoda,Alpheidae),Current Zoology,2024,71,338-352;https:/doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae053.展开更多
The Ediacaran Period records a significant turning point in the evolution of life on Earth,witnessing the rise to ecological dominance of macroscopic tissue-grade organisms.The Wenghui biota from the Doushantuo Format...The Ediacaran Period records a significant turning point in the evolution of life on Earth,witnessing the rise to ecological dominance of macroscopic tissue-grade organisms.The Wenghui biota from the Doushantuo Formation of South China hosts abundant multicellular algal macrofossils and problematica,some of which might be closely related to taxa from classic Late Ediacaran assemblages from South Australia and the White Sea biota of Russia.However,a lack of well-resolved isotopic age estimates has hampered efforts to constrain the timing of appearance of the Wenghui biota,obfuscating its significance to our understanding of Ediacaran macroevolution in the aftermath of the Snowball Earth events.Here,we present the first SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating results for samples obtained from a laminated tuff ash layer at the base of the Wenghui biota in the Doushantuo Formation,Jiangkou County,Tongren City,Guizhou Province,China.Our analyses yield an age of 595.4±5.3 Ma for the first appearance of Wenghui biota,suggesting that its appearance postdated that of the Lantian and Weng'an biotas,but preceded that of the Miaohe biota.These newly obtained age proxies offer an independent test of previous isotopic estimates for the age of the Wenghui biota,providing new chronostratigraphic evidence to map the succession of Ediacaran fossil assemblages on the Yangtze Platform during the Doushantuo interval.These data suggest that the Lantian,Weng'an,Wenghui,and Miaohe biotas may record a sequence of biotic assemblages attesting to successive phases in the radiation of Ediacaran macroscopic organisms,particularly macroalgae.展开更多
Shrimp farming is a major global aquaculture activity;however,its social and ecological impacts raise sustainability concerns.While previous research has focused on isolated social or environmental aspects of sustaina...Shrimp farming is a major global aquaculture activity;however,its social and ecological impacts raise sustainability concerns.While previous research has focused on isolated social or environmental aspects of sustainability in shrimp farming,integrated assessments of these factors using a social-ecological systems(SES)approach are rare.A framework for assessing the sustainability of shrimp farming-comprising a set of social and ecological indicators-is developed and conceptualized in this study for the first time,using an integrated,interdisciplinary,and empirical SES approach.We first identified key social and ecological indicators and developed a conceptual framework based on SES approach,then surveyed 90 shrimp farms across 3 coastal regions(including Satkhira,Bagerhat,and Cox’s Bazar districts)in Bangladesh.Nearly all farmers in Satkhira(97%)and all in Bagerhat(100%)expressed dissatisfaction with the decreasing pattern of shrimp production and profitability over the last decade.In contrast,nearly all respondents in Cox’s Bazar(97%)reported satisfaction with increasing shrimp production.Except in Cox’s Bazar,equity in labor payment remained a concern for the social sustainability of the shrimp farming system.The changing pattern of shrimp production and profitability,which does not ensure equity,poses a threat to the sustainability of shrimp farming.Most of the surveyed farmers recognized the mutual benefits of mangrove forests and shrimp farming(97%in Satkhira and 77%in Cox’s Bazar),which suggests potential for the development of policy on integrated mangrove-shrimp farming with community-based management.This research could help assess the sustainability of the shrimp farming system and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 2(zero hunger)and 8(decent work and economic growth).By examining existing practices and developing a novel framework,this study highlights informed decision-making and guides methodological discussion on assessing the sustainability of shrimp farming using the SES approach in coastal regions and different aquaculture systems worldwide.展开更多
Microplastics(MPs)are one of the most concerning pollutants that affects the health and growth of aquatic organisms.We characterized the MPs dispersion in the milli-Q water and seawater,and evaluated the effects of MP...Microplastics(MPs)are one of the most concerning pollutants that affects the health and growth of aquatic organisms.We characterized the MPs dispersion in the milli-Q water and seawater,and evaluated the effects of MPs on the gut epithelial cells of brine shrimp using three sizes of polystyrene(PS)microbeads(0.05,0.5,and 5μm,respectively).Results show that microbeads evenly dispersed in milli-Q water,but exhibited aggregation tendency in seawater associating with the particle size.Apart from a reduced survival rate,we observed the structure changes in the gut epithelium that the smaller size of PS microbeads resulted in an increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)and higher apoptosis-related genes expression.Moreover,exposure to all size of PS microbeads led to increased green fluorescence of J-monomer,indicating the declined mitochondrial membrane potential.Therefore,exposure to PS microbeads led to significantly size-dependent toxicity on brine shrimp.Especially,0.05-μm PS microbeads were more toxic,leading to severe oxidative stress and activation of the p53-Bax-Bcl2 pathway,ultimately resulting in cellular apoptosis and gut damage.These findings are important to understand the mechanism of MPs toxicity and its potential ecological risks to marine aquatic animals.展开更多
The lithospheric thinning and huge gold mineralization in the Jiaodong Peninsula is intensively studied,aiming to better understand the geodynamic setting of the magmatic petrogenesis and the relationship between magm...The lithospheric thinning and huge gold mineralization in the Jiaodong Peninsula is intensively studied,aiming to better understand the geodynamic setting of the magmatic petrogenesis and the relationship between magmatism and large-scale mineralization.Thus,we conducted detailed research on the Weideshan intrusions in the Jiaodong region,including fi eld investigations,geochemical,geochronological and Hf isotope analysis,to reveal the tectonic implications for the destruction of the eastern North China Craton(NCC).The Weideshan intrusions consist of quartz monzodiorite,quartz monzonite and monzogranite.The SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating results show that the Weideshan intrusions are emplaced at 115–112 Ma,namely,in the late Early Cretaceous period.Rocks of Weideshan intrusions are high-K calc-alkaline series and metaluminous granites.The trace elements are characterized by enrichment of Rb,Ba,Sr and LREE,with unobvious Eu anomalies and depletion of Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf and Ti.The contents of Ba and Sr are(913.00–1562.00)/1199.29μg/g and(373.00–793.00)/536.71μg/g,respectively,showing the features of high Ba–Sr granites(HBS).Development of numerous dark enclaves and negativeεHf(t)values(−17.93 to−12.19)indicate that the Weideshan granites originate from the mixture of crustal-derived felsic magma from partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic crust and alkali-rich magma from the enriched mantle.The generation of the Weideshan granites was closely related to the asthenospheric upwelling during the lithosphere thinning of the NCC in the late Mesozoic.展开更多
文摘[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimental materials were used to measure SOD activities after pretreatment, meanwhile the differences in SOD isoenzymes from different materials were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). [Result] There are specific and histological differences in SOD activities of shrimps. With a similar electrophoresis pattern and migration rate, Penaeus japonicus and Litopenaeus vannamei showed remarkable differences with that of Procambarus clarkia. [Conclusion] The result showed the differences of cognation and origin of three shrimps.
文摘The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericlimenaeus hecate(Nobili, 1904) are recorded for the first time from Hainan Island.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2012BAD18B02,2012BAD18B01-2)Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects for Ocean(201205021-3)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effects of A. crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Result] Penaeus japoni- cus, Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus affinis could coexist with A. crassispina, and A. crassispina had a certain attraction to Penaeus japonicus, but no harm oc- curred. There were neither behavioral effects nor hazards between Portunus san- guinolentus and A. crassispina. Portunus trituberculatus and Charybdis feriatus might cause some harm to A. crassispina when their quantity was large, but it was not a common phenomenon. [Conclusion[ This research provided references for the bio- logical behavioristics and the further development of ecological risk assessment of A. crassispina enhancement.
文摘RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a crustacean allergy, strict avoidance is the only proven therapy, highlighting the need for more specific treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of sublingual shrimp immunotherapy in Egyptian patients allergic to shrimp. METHODS: This study was intended to help in diagnosis of shrimps allergen in 60 allergic patients (subdivided to 3 groups Urticaria (G1), rhinitis (G2) & asthma (G3)) and evaluate the sublingual immunotherapy by employing skin prick test, specific Immunoglobulin E, Total Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Eosinophilis and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), before and after therapy. Inclusion criteria were a history of shrimp allergy and positive skin prick test to crude shrimp extract from two species [Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi] at allergy and clinical immunology unit, in-Shams Hospitals. They underwent immunotherapy with extract of shrimp species and administered sublingually (SLIT). The measurement of all latter investigations for shrimp allergen on the start and 6 months after immunotherapy, as compared to placebo control, were performed. Results: The clinical response and laboratory improvement of the patients was correlated with their decline in the eosinophils (p < 0.001), total Immunoglobulin E (p < 0.001) and specific Immunoglobulin E test (p < 0.001) and with their increased in PEFR (p < 0.001) and Immunoglobulin G (p < 0.001). This study suggests that the most desenstized responsed group was rhinitis group followed by Urticaria group. Also,The more effective season induce allergy in summer (48.3%) followed by springs (28.3%) and genatic predisposition of allergic diseases was highly accepted in patients had a family history (68%). In conclusion, sublingual immunotherapy for shrimp allergy was safe, simple, uncostly, well tolerated and efficacious, gave a good results especially in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis.
文摘Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of the atyid shrimps in Masanga Mabe, an equatorial lowland forest stream of Kisangani region. Samplings were undertaken biweekly from September 2000 to August 2003 with Surber net in four study sites. A total of 14,878 atyid shrimps specimens were sampled, measured for carapace length, weighted and identified. Atyid production was estimated by size frequency method according to sites （1, 2 and 3）. Atyid composition showed the existence of two species： C africana （Caridina africana） Kingsley 1882 and C togoensis （Caridina togoensis） Hilgendorf 1893. Specific production ranged from 1.35 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 （grams dry mass per square meter per year） to 8.4 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C. africana and 0.95 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 to 4.55 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C togoensis. Mean annual P/B ratios varied from 3.89 year1 to 4.37 year1 for C africana and from 3.83 year^-1 to 3.98 year^-1 for C togoensis.
文摘Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of non-marine fossil-bearing strata. The phosphatized carapaces or carapace external/internal moulds are the main objects for taxonomical studies. The delicate ornament and the ontogenetically developing morphological patterns on the growth bands of carapaces are the main fossil taxonomic criteria. While modern clam shrimp taxonomy is based on soft body morphological features and molecular data, which could not be found in the fossil records. This makes it difficult to discuss the fossil and modern clam shrimp phylogenetic relationship. Nowadays scanning electron microscopes are widely available, and can play an important role in investigating clam shrimp carapace morphology which could be common language to integrate fossil and modern taxonomy.
文摘The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These three species could not be identified during their naupliar stages. In the 1st protozoea,the antennule L1/L2 value is 1.7—2.0 in P.merguiensis,but lessthan 1.7 in P.chinensis and P.penicillatus;in the 2nd protozoea,the supra-orbital spine in P.chinensis isnot bifurcated,while those of P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus are bifurcated;in the 3rd protozoea,thereis a minute(or no)dorso-median spine on the posterior margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal somite in P.chinensis,but they are prominent in P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus.In the mysis and 1st postlarvalstages,P.chinensis differs from P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus in having 9(8 in the other 2 species)longsetae on the exopod of pereopods 1—3;additionally,one dorsal tooth appears on the rostrum of P.chinensis in the 2nd mysis and that
基金Supported by Open Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology(2014HS012)Qing Lan Project for Talent Training in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu ProvinceUniversity-level Research Project of Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College
文摘Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summarized the research results of Chinese herbal medicines on improvement of shrimp immunity in recent years,and put forward the research direction of fishery Chinese herbal preparations in the future,in order to provide technical reference for shrimp culture industry.
文摘Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) is a major aquatic food frequently consumed by inhabitants of the coastal area and those living hinterland, thus, being a major route of human exposure to 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecyl phthalate in the area. The purpose of the study was to evaluate factors that determine bioaccumulation and assess the potential cancer and non-cancer risk posed by these contaminants through human (adult and children) exposure via shrimp’s consumption using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The associated sediment showed higher mean concentrations of 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate at the two sites relative to those in fresh shrimp samples and factors such as size, lipid content, physicochemical property and environmental condition influenced the uptake of these contaminants. Besides water loss, the traditional drying process enhanced the levels of phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate in dry shrimps most likely due to combustion process and relatively low volatility, respectively and lowered the level of 2-methylnapthalene linked to its relatively high volatility. The potential of cancer and non-cancer development in human were highest via dry large shrimp consumption and followed the sequence: dry small shrimp > fresh large shrimp > fresh small shrimp and were within the USEPA reference standards. Although children were more vulnerable, the exposed individuals may not exhibit notable health-associated adverse effects in the near future. Thus, adequate advocacy is needed to sensitize those living in the catchments who often prefer dry shrimp in their meals on the adverse health implications of these contaminants for their survival and the need to maintain the health of the ecosystem.
文摘海生爬行动物在早三叠世生物复苏过程中遍布在古特提斯洋和西泛大洋,南漳‒远安动物群是早三叠世最早的海生爬行动物群落之一.然而,该动物群的具体生存时代以及所赋存的嘉陵江组地层的沉积时代都还不够明确.在湖北南漳‒远安一带针对南漳‒远安动物群赋存地层开展岩石地层和同位素年代学研究.南漳‒远安动物群产于嘉陵江组二段上部的纹层状灰岩中,并获得SHRIMP II U-Pb年龄247.8±1.2 Ma.建立了南漳‒远安地区嘉陵江组上部地层对比格架,证明南漳‒远安动物群生存在早三叠世Spathian晚期.
基金This work was supported by the National Marine Hi-Tech "863" Project (Grant No. 819-04-08-98) and the "973" Project (Grant No. G1999012007).
文摘Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.
基金Supported by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University with project number 2013.103.03.01.
文摘Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried out monthly with a beam trawl of 2 m length and 15 mm cod-end mesh size between December 2012 and November 2013.All individuals were sampled between 1 and 40+m water depth from 146 hauls.Results:A total of 550 P.trispinosus,618 Palaemon adspersus,12 Palaemon serratus,11 Philocheras fasciatus and 10 Crangon crangon were sampled during the study period.The crangonid shrimps started appearing during the winter and spring and the number of individuals increased to reach their highest value in mid-winter and mid-spring.The seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters for P.trispinosus were estimated as L_(∞)=29.3 mm total length,K=0.860/year,t_(0)=–0.900 year,C=0.180,and t_(s)=0.010.The start of the slow growth period was at the beginning of July(WP=0.510).Ovigerous females appeared in the sampling area between January and April.Size at sexual maturity was estimated as 25.69 mm total length.Conclusions:The results supported the distribution and abundance of caridean shrimp species from the study area and the population dynamics of the most abundant shrimp species,P.trispinosus.The current study can be answered as baseline data prior to management strategies to ensure sustainable conservation of the shrimp species.
文摘This is a correction to:Isabela R R Moraes,Mariana Antunes,Laura S Lopez-Greco,Fernando Jose Zara,Antonio Leao Castilho,Functional reproductive morphology of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate,1888(Decapoda,Alpheidae),Current Zoology,2024,71,338-352;https:/doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae053.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42172035 and 41572024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities(No.LJ202410166012)+1 种基金Geological Survey Project of China(No.DD20221645)Open Foundation(No.203124)of State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,CAS)。
文摘The Ediacaran Period records a significant turning point in the evolution of life on Earth,witnessing the rise to ecological dominance of macroscopic tissue-grade organisms.The Wenghui biota from the Doushantuo Formation of South China hosts abundant multicellular algal macrofossils and problematica,some of which might be closely related to taxa from classic Late Ediacaran assemblages from South Australia and the White Sea biota of Russia.However,a lack of well-resolved isotopic age estimates has hampered efforts to constrain the timing of appearance of the Wenghui biota,obfuscating its significance to our understanding of Ediacaran macroevolution in the aftermath of the Snowball Earth events.Here,we present the first SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating results for samples obtained from a laminated tuff ash layer at the base of the Wenghui biota in the Doushantuo Formation,Jiangkou County,Tongren City,Guizhou Province,China.Our analyses yield an age of 595.4±5.3 Ma for the first appearance of Wenghui biota,suggesting that its appearance postdated that of the Lantian and Weng'an biotas,but preceded that of the Miaohe biota.These newly obtained age proxies offer an independent test of previous isotopic estimates for the age of the Wenghui biota,providing new chronostratigraphic evidence to map the succession of Ediacaran fossil assemblages on the Yangtze Platform during the Doushantuo interval.These data suggest that the Lantian,Weng'an,Wenghui,and Miaohe biotas may record a sequence of biotic assemblages attesting to successive phases in the radiation of Ediacaran macroscopic organisms,particularly macroalgae.
基金Prime Minister Fellowship, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, for providing a PhD fellowship to Kazi Atiah TAIYEBIGraduate Research and Travel Awards (GRATA) under the School of Social&Environmental Sustainability, University of Glasgow, for supporting the field work in Bangladesh。
文摘Shrimp farming is a major global aquaculture activity;however,its social and ecological impacts raise sustainability concerns.While previous research has focused on isolated social or environmental aspects of sustainability in shrimp farming,integrated assessments of these factors using a social-ecological systems(SES)approach are rare.A framework for assessing the sustainability of shrimp farming-comprising a set of social and ecological indicators-is developed and conceptualized in this study for the first time,using an integrated,interdisciplinary,and empirical SES approach.We first identified key social and ecological indicators and developed a conceptual framework based on SES approach,then surveyed 90 shrimp farms across 3 coastal regions(including Satkhira,Bagerhat,and Cox’s Bazar districts)in Bangladesh.Nearly all farmers in Satkhira(97%)and all in Bagerhat(100%)expressed dissatisfaction with the decreasing pattern of shrimp production and profitability over the last decade.In contrast,nearly all respondents in Cox’s Bazar(97%)reported satisfaction with increasing shrimp production.Except in Cox’s Bazar,equity in labor payment remained a concern for the social sustainability of the shrimp farming system.The changing pattern of shrimp production and profitability,which does not ensure equity,poses a threat to the sustainability of shrimp farming.Most of the surveyed farmers recognized the mutual benefits of mangrove forests and shrimp farming(97%in Satkhira and 77%in Cox’s Bazar),which suggests potential for the development of policy on integrated mangrove-shrimp farming with community-based management.This research could help assess the sustainability of the shrimp farming system and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 2(zero hunger)and 8(decent work and economic growth).By examining existing practices and developing a novel framework,this study highlights informed decision-making and guides methodological discussion on assessing the sustainability of shrimp farming using the SES approach in coastal regions and different aquaculture systems worldwide.
基金Supported by the Program of Sustainable Development and Protection of Artemia Resources in Yuncheng Salt Lake of China(No.YHYJ-2023005)。
文摘Microplastics(MPs)are one of the most concerning pollutants that affects the health and growth of aquatic organisms.We characterized the MPs dispersion in the milli-Q water and seawater,and evaluated the effects of MPs on the gut epithelial cells of brine shrimp using three sizes of polystyrene(PS)microbeads(0.05,0.5,and 5μm,respectively).Results show that microbeads evenly dispersed in milli-Q water,but exhibited aggregation tendency in seawater associating with the particle size.Apart from a reduced survival rate,we observed the structure changes in the gut epithelium that the smaller size of PS microbeads resulted in an increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)and higher apoptosis-related genes expression.Moreover,exposure to all size of PS microbeads led to increased green fluorescence of J-monomer,indicating the declined mitochondrial membrane potential.Therefore,exposure to PS microbeads led to significantly size-dependent toxicity on brine shrimp.Especially,0.05-μm PS microbeads were more toxic,leading to severe oxidative stress and activation of the p53-Bax-Bcl2 pathway,ultimately resulting in cellular apoptosis and gut damage.These findings are important to understand the mechanism of MPs toxicity and its potential ecological risks to marine aquatic animals.
基金supported by the Geological Exploration Project Fund of Shandong Province([2018]19,[2019]54,[2021]1,[2022]6).
文摘The lithospheric thinning and huge gold mineralization in the Jiaodong Peninsula is intensively studied,aiming to better understand the geodynamic setting of the magmatic petrogenesis and the relationship between magmatism and large-scale mineralization.Thus,we conducted detailed research on the Weideshan intrusions in the Jiaodong region,including fi eld investigations,geochemical,geochronological and Hf isotope analysis,to reveal the tectonic implications for the destruction of the eastern North China Craton(NCC).The Weideshan intrusions consist of quartz monzodiorite,quartz monzonite and monzogranite.The SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating results show that the Weideshan intrusions are emplaced at 115–112 Ma,namely,in the late Early Cretaceous period.Rocks of Weideshan intrusions are high-K calc-alkaline series and metaluminous granites.The trace elements are characterized by enrichment of Rb,Ba,Sr and LREE,with unobvious Eu anomalies and depletion of Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf and Ti.The contents of Ba and Sr are(913.00–1562.00)/1199.29μg/g and(373.00–793.00)/536.71μg/g,respectively,showing the features of high Ba–Sr granites(HBS).Development of numerous dark enclaves and negativeεHf(t)values(−17.93 to−12.19)indicate that the Weideshan granites originate from the mixture of crustal-derived felsic magma from partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic crust and alkali-rich magma from the enriched mantle.The generation of the Weideshan granites was closely related to the asthenospheric upwelling during the lithosphere thinning of the NCC in the late Mesozoic.
