Showers with large zenith angles are observed in emulsion chambers exposed at Mt.Kanbala.The intensity of high energy muons is given and the multicore showers with large zenith angles are found.It is indicated that a ...Showers with large zenith angles are observed in emulsion chambers exposed at Mt.Kanbala.The intensity of high energy muons is given and the multicore showers with large zenith angles are found.It is indicated that a new phenomenon may exist in the high energy nuclear interactions of cosmic rays.展开更多
This review focuses on high-energy cosmic rays in the PeV energy range and above. Of particular interest is the knee of the spectrum around 3 PeV and the transition from cosmic rays of Galactic origin to particles fro...This review focuses on high-energy cosmic rays in the PeV energy range and above. Of particular interest is the knee of the spectrum around 3 PeV and the transition from cosmic rays of Galactic origin to particles from extra-galactic sources. Our goal is to establish a baseline spectrum from 1014 to 10^20 eV by combining the results of many measurements at different energies. In combination with measurements of the nuclear composition of the primaries, the shape of the energy spectrum places constraints on the number and spectra of sources that may contribute to the observed spectrum.展开更多
It has been found that unknown meteor showers could be efficiently discovered from the single station video meteor database of the International Meteor Organization(IMO) by assuming the geocentric velocity and adjusti...It has been found that unknown meteor showers could be efficiently discovered from the single station video meteor database of the International Meteor Organization(IMO) by assuming the geocentric velocity and adjusting it within the dynamically permitted range. The mean geocentric velocities of new meteor showers can be obtained,as well as the coordinates of the radiants. The activity period and maximum time can also be obtained if there are sufficient shower meteors. All single station video meteor observations between February 13 and 17(from 2000 to 2005) in IMO's database are processed with this method. As a result,two new meteor showers,one near RA=245.10°,Dec=41.82° in Hercules and the other near RA=233.03°,Dec=17.04° in Serpenids,are discovered. Some dynamical characteristics of the new meteor showers are also determined. Considering the random nature on the selection of period in this work,it is expected that there are some more potential new meteor showers in IMO's video database.展开更多
The separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter is very important for the reconstructions of some particles with hadronic decays,...The separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter is very important for the reconstructions of some particles with hadronic decays, for example the tau reconstruction in the searches for the Standard Model and supersymmetric Higgs bosons at the LHC. In this paper, a method combining the shower cluster in an electromagnetic calorimeter and the parametric formula for hadron showers, was developed to separate the overlapped showers between charged hadron and neutral hadron. Taking the hadronic decay containing one charged pion and one neutral pion in the final status of tau for example, satisfied results of the separation of the overlapped showers, the reconstructions of the energy and positions of the hadrons were obtained. An improved result for the tau reconstruction with this decay model can be also achieved after the application of the proposed method.展开更多
In future high-energy physics experiments,the electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)should operate with an exceptionally high luminosity.An ECAL featuring a layered readout in the longitudinal direction and precise time-st...In future high-energy physics experiments,the electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)should operate with an exceptionally high luminosity.An ECAL featuring a layered readout in the longitudinal direction and precise time-stamped information offers a multidimensional view,thereby enriching our understanding of the showering process of electromagnetic particles in high-luminosity environments.This was used as the baseline design for several new experiments,including the planned upgrades of the current running experiments.Reconstructing and matching multidimensional information across different layers poses new challenges for the effective utilization of layered data.This study introduced a novel layered reconstruction framework for ECAL with a layered readout information structure and developed a corresponding layered clustering algorithm.This expands the concept of clusters from a plane to multiple layers.Additionally,this study presents the corresponding layered cluster correction methods,investigates the transverse shower profile utilized for overlapping cluster splitting,and develops a layered mergedπ^(0)reconstruction algorithm based on this framework.By incorporating energy and time information into 3-dimensions,this framework provides a suitable software platform for preliminary research on longitudinally segmented ECAL and new perspectives in physics analyses.Furthermore,using the PicoCal in LHCb Upgrade II as a concrete example,the performance of the framework was preliminarily evaluated using single photons andπ^(0)particles from the neutral B^(0)meson decay B^(0)→π^(+)π^(-)π^(0)as benchmarks.The results demonstrate that,compared to the unlayered framework,utilizing this framework for longitudinally segmented ECAL significantly enhances the position resolution and the ability to split overlapping clusters,thereby improving the reconstruction resolution and efficiency for photons andπ^(0)s.展开更多
While the Chinese economy regains momentum,anxieties remain constant as the seeds ofinflation may be growing Nearly two years after the devastating financial crisis, China’s greenshoots of economic recovery arein ful...While the Chinese economy regains momentum,anxieties remain constant as the seeds ofinflation may be growing Nearly two years after the devastating financial crisis, China’s greenshoots of economic recovery arein full bloom.展开更多
In the LHC experiment, the neutral pions produced during jet fragmentation are the background sources for all physics channels with high-energy photons in their final state. In this paper, the application of the three...In the LHC experiment, the neutral pions produced during jet fragmentation are the background sources for all physics channels with high-energy photons in their final state. In this paper, the application of the three-dimensional parametric formula for electromagnetic （EM） showers, which we developed in the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer II experiment, is presented to distinguish the unconverted photons from the neutral pions. With the constructed electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL） in a GEANT4 simulation, the parametric formulae were validated and the unconverted γ/π0 discrimination was performed with the Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis （TMVA） package in ROOT for different transverse energies ranging from 15 GeV to 75 GeV, which is the most sensitive region for light Higgs （with mass ～120 GeV） searches with the channel H → γγ. With this discrimination method and the selected transverse energy region, we can reject π0 with the effciency from ～ 40% （65–75 GeV） to ～ 90% （15–25 GeV） when keeping 90% γ effciency.展开更多
Lead contamination in the City of Flint, MI has been well documented over the past two years, with lead levels above the EPA Action Level until summer 2016. This resulted from an ill-fated decision to switch from Detr...Lead contamination in the City of Flint, MI has been well documented over the past two years, with lead levels above the EPA Action Level until summer 2016. This resulted from an ill-fated decision to switch from Detroit water（Lake Huron） with corrosion control, to Flint River water without corrosion control. Although lead levels are now closer to normal,reports of skin rashes have sparked questions surrounding tap water in some Flint homes.This study investigated the presence of contaminants, including disinfection by-products（DBPs）, in the hot tap water used for showering in the homes of residents in Flint. Extensive quantitative analysis of 61 regulated and priority unregulated DBPs was conducted in Flint hot and cold tap water, along with the analysis of 50 volatile organic compounds and a nontarget comprehensive, broadscreen analysis, to identify a possible source for the reported skin rashes. For comparison, chlorinated hot and cold waters from three other cities were also sampled, including Detroit, which also uses Lake Huron as its source water.Results showed that hot water samples generally contained elevated levels of regulated and priority unregulated DBPs compared to cold water samples, but trihalomethanes were still within regulatory limits. Overall, hot shower water from Flint was similar to waters sampled from the three other cities and did not have unusually high levels of DBPs or other organic chemicals that could be responsible for the skin rashes observed by residents. It is possible that an inorganic chemical or microbial contaminant may be responsible.展开更多
The proof of three different nova or supernova debris streams impacting the planet and causing global warming is shown by studying the effects, locations, and timings for specific thermal and destructive events in the...The proof of three different nova or supernova debris streams impacting the planet and causing global warming is shown by studying the effects, locations, and timings for specific thermal and destructive events in the northern and southern hemisphere. Global warming is not manmade and reducing fossil fuel emissions is not the solution to protect the populations of different countries from catastrophic events due to increased thermal energy storage for the planet, The burning of atoms of incoming debris streams from exploding stars produces energy and greenhouse gases that cause the average temperature of our planet to increase. India is the current hotspot due to the location of the deflected western terminus of SN 1006. Hotspots occur that are not as obvious as the India case, but melting sea ice exposes the debris streams＇ hotspot activities. The incoming momentum of a debris stream can displace a large amount of polar atmosphere upon impact causing unusually extreme freezing conditions at lower latitudes like the year without a summer of 1812. The third tine of Satan＇s pitchfork known as high sea surface temperatures indicating El Nino is located directly between the north and south hotspots and occurs during initial high particle densities related to impact of the debris stream.展开更多
The Leonid meteor shower in November 1998 was observed widely by astronomers. The first peak, rich in bright meteors, appeared about 16 hours before the predicted maximum of the main shower. The main shower was also o...The Leonid meteor shower in November 1998 was observed widely by astronomers. The first peak, rich in bright meteors, appeared about 16 hours before the predicted maximum of the main shower. The main shower was also observed by both optical and radio methods during 19:00-21:00 UT on Nov. 17, and the radio peak was over 2500h-1. About 18 hours after the main shower, an abnormal phenomenon in the ionosphere was detected by two separate ionosphere observing stations. And the very high abnormal phenomenon maintained over one hour. The phenomenon showed that the ionosphere was injected with a large amount of small dust particles that could not be observed in optical and radio. The Observational results show that the Leonid meteor shower in 1998 had three peaks.展开更多
Purpose: To assess prevalence of and risk factors for conjunctival colonization and types of organisms among adults undergoing elective intraocular surgery. Setting: Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. Methods: A ...Purpose: To assess prevalence of and risk factors for conjunctival colonization and types of organisms among adults undergoing elective intraocular surgery. Setting: Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. Methods: A prospective study conducted in the Ophthalmology Department at Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel between May 1, 2006 and August 31, 2007. Included were adults undergoing elective intraocular surgeries. Conjunctival cultures were obtained from the lower fornix, prior to application of prophylactic decolonization treatment and were processed using routine microbiological techniques. Demographic, socioeconomic and medical data of our patient cohort were obtained from all participants. Results: Cultures were obtained from 501 patients. (Mean age 69.7 ± 12.0 years) of whom 52.1% were females. In 208 patients (40.5%) bacteria grew in conjunctival cultures, one type in 175 (34.9%) one, and two types in 28 (5.6%). In none fungi were isolated. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most frequent bacteria isolated. By multivariate analysis, significant risk factors for conjunctival bacterial colonization were spring/summer seasons (OR 1.64, CI 1.15 - 2.36, P < 0.007), and showering on the day of the operation (OR 1.73, CI 1.11 - 2.69, P < 0.01). Conclusions: In addition to previously known risk factors for conjunctival microorganism colonization, the present study found showering on the morning of the operation, possibly related to bacteria on towels or in the eyelids and lashes, and time of year (spring/summer) perhaps resulting from higher temperature and humidity related to the presence of conjunctival bacteria to be significant in adults undergoing intraocular surgery.展开更多
Production of tachyons in, among other things, air showers would be in accordance with predictions of general relativity. Some such tachyons would travel with a precisely determined speed, almost equal to 5c/3 relativ...Production of tachyons in, among other things, air showers would be in accordance with predictions of general relativity. Some such tachyons would travel with a precisely determined speed, almost equal to 5c/3 relative to the earth, and would be registered high above the region of creation of air showers, e.g. on board of a satellite. A very simple experiment designed to detect these tachyons is outlined here. Brief justification to search for tachyons is also given.展开更多
Human exposure to radon inside different parts of the house has become a great concern. In this study, the distribution of radon and its decay inside the shower will be numerically investigated. In fact, the radon con...Human exposure to radon inside different parts of the house has become a great concern. In this study, the distribution of radon and its decay inside the shower will be numerically investigated. In fact, the radon concentration in water is measured through the use of AlphaGUARD. They are used as an input for CFD simulation. The numerical results proved that temperature and humidity have significant impacts on both radon content and distribution. Also, the equilibrium factor variations between radon and its progeny with the temperature and relative humidity were carefully looked at. The equivalent doses due to <sup>218</sup>Po and <sup>214</sup>Po were evaluated in different tissues of the respiratory tract of the members of the public from the inhalation of air inside the shower. The annual effective dose due to radon short lived decay from the inhalation of air inside the shower by the members of the public was also investigated.展开更多
Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization is well researched and widely accepted to improve circulation, decrease pain, improve function, increase strength, and promote overall soft tissue health. However, the admi...Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization is well researched and widely accepted to improve circulation, decrease pain, improve function, increase strength, and promote overall soft tissue health. However, the administration of this intervention, in most cases, is limited to the brief amounts of time we spend mobilizing our soft tissue. SORxSOAP offers a pragmatic strategy by which one may mobilize their soft tissue while simultaneously showering or washing a specific part of their body. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effects SORxSOAP has on functional measures of upper extremity activity in the slicing hands of employees at a corporate deli franchise over the course of a one-month period. 31 employees of a corporate deli franchise were asked to participate in a study involving the use of SORxSOAP. The subjects were assigned to experimental and control groups rough random sampling. Twenty-one subjects in the experimental group were given a one month’s supply of SORxSOAP to use on a regular basis while showering. Ten subjects in the control group were not exposed to any independent variable. The subjects from both groups completed a questionnaire that asked the subjects to rate the level of ease at which specific job-related activities were for them to perform. Hand-strength/grip and range of motion measurements were also taken utilizing a handheld dynamometer and goniometer respectively by one evaluator both before and after a one-month duration of the experimental group’s exposure to SORxSOAP. Independent t-tests were performed to test the difference between pre and post-test values for the control and experimental groups. It was found that SORxSOAP significantly improves wrist flexion range of motion, results in significantly greater improvements in hand-grip strength compared to control, and significantly improves wrist extension range of motion over a one-month period. Improvements in the ease of job-related activities also appear to be correlated to the use of SORxSOAP for items #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9. Significant differences were also found between the slicing and non-slicing hands for pre-test wrist extension range of motion measurements, indicating the presence of possible over-use injury in occupations and activities placing excessive demand on certain body regions. This provides isolated evidence that supports the notion that SORxSOAP could be a viable option for preventing the steady decline of wrist extension range of motion and actually promoting and maintaining soft tissue and overall joint health, making it clear how further investigation into the effects of SORxSOAP can not only improve joint and soft tissue health, but prevent the emergence of joint and soft tissue impairment entirely. Clinical Bottom Line: The use of SORxSOAP has the potential to significantly improve muscle and soft tissue performance and function over a period of one month.展开更多
The paper deals with the issues of differentiation of atmospheric precipitation into gradations according to their characteristics and established meteorological practices.The division of atmospheric precipitation int...The paper deals with the issues of differentiation of atmospheric precipitation into gradations according to their characteristics and established meteorological practices.The division of atmospheric precipitation into gradations allows one to have an idea of the possible consequences of their fallout on life in the area.The dependence of the average intensity of precipitation on their duration for the entire series of observations is not described by a power-law dependence with a sufficient degree of reliability,and when differentiating into gradations according to the amount of precipitation(<2.5 mm,2.5-10 mm,≥10 mm),the dependences are obtained with a high degree of correlation.The scatter of points can be explained by the presence of intermediate categories of precipitation,which does not take into account the accepted division of the data.Thus,for large values of the amount of precipitation,the existence of a separate curve is possible,since the existing classifications of precipitation imply the division of heavy showers into separate gradations.Differentiation of rains by their duration shows a stronger stratification of the field of points for shorter rains(up to 60 minutes).This stratification of the field of points is successfully differentiated into shorter segments of 20,30 minutes.Associated with the greater heterogeneity of shorter precipitation,it can be both rains of low intensity and heavy downpours of short duration.The probability of the position of the maximum intensity of precipitation during rain has more significant differences for precipitation less than 2.5 mm(the curves are more curved).For rains with a precipitation amount of 2.5 mm or more,the probability curves approach straight lines,which is associated with greater heterogeneity of precipitation less than 2.5 mm.展开更多
In view of the reality of PAH soil repair difficult, through the study of different oxidants and new surfactant, realize the detergent repair technology in the treatment of PAH contaminated soil application. At the sa...In view of the reality of PAH soil repair difficult, through the study of different oxidants and new surfactant, realize the detergent repair technology in the treatment of PAH contaminated soil application. At the same time, with potassium permanganate, sodium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide detergent as detergent experiment, compare the different detergent effect. The experimental results show that the removal rate of oxidant potassium permanganate can reach 95.3% and 80.6% in PAH-contaminated soil, and the removal effect of surfactant detergent and OP-10 is also very obvious.展开更多
Technology always brings us surprise and change life everyday. What you said,when you do your wool suits domestic cleaning with warm water at about 40° C,at your bathroom?Crazy?Easy-care?Wow,it's all about Me...Technology always brings us surprise and change life everyday. What you said,when you do your wool suits domestic cleaning with warm water at about 40° C,at your bathroom?Crazy?Easy-care?Wow,it's all about MerinoFreshTM!展开更多
The Galactic plane serves as a natural laboratory for exploring high-energy astrophysical processes,where cosmic rays are accelerated,propagate,and interact with other components in the interstellar medium(ISM).With i...The Galactic plane serves as a natural laboratory for exploring high-energy astrophysical processes,where cosmic rays are accelerated,propagate,and interact with other components in the interstellar medium(ISM).With its unprecedented sensitivity and extensive energy coverage,the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO) has opened a new era of Galactic gamma-ray astronomy,especially in the ultra-high-energy(UHE) domain.The recent “Galactic Mini Survey” conducted by LHAASO provides an unprecedented view of UHE gamma-ray sources within the Milky Way.展开更多
文摘Showers with large zenith angles are observed in emulsion chambers exposed at Mt.Kanbala.The intensity of high energy muons is given and the multicore showers with large zenith angles are found.It is indicated that a new phenomenon may exist in the high energy nuclear interactions of cosmic rays.
文摘This review focuses on high-energy cosmic rays in the PeV energy range and above. Of particular interest is the knee of the spectrum around 3 PeV and the transition from cosmic rays of Galactic origin to particles from extra-galactic sources. Our goal is to establish a baseline spectrum from 1014 to 10^20 eV by combining the results of many measurements at different energies. In combination with measurements of the nuclear composition of the primaries, the shape of the energy spectrum places constraints on the number and spectra of sources that may contribute to the observed spectrum.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10373004)
文摘It has been found that unknown meteor showers could be efficiently discovered from the single station video meteor database of the International Meteor Organization(IMO) by assuming the geocentric velocity and adjusting it within the dynamically permitted range. The mean geocentric velocities of new meteor showers can be obtained,as well as the coordinates of the radiants. The activity period and maximum time can also be obtained if there are sufficient shower meteors. All single station video meteor observations between February 13 and 17(from 2000 to 2005) in IMO's database are processed with this method. As a result,two new meteor showers,one near RA=245.10°,Dec=41.82° in Hercules and the other near RA=233.03°,Dec=17.04° in Serpenids,are discovered. Some dynamical characteristics of the new meteor showers are also determined. Considering the random nature on the selection of period in this work,it is expected that there are some more potential new meteor showers in IMO's video database.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10721140381,11061140514)China Ministry of Science and Technology(2007CB816100,2013CB838700)
文摘The separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter is very important for the reconstructions of some particles with hadronic decays, for example the tau reconstruction in the searches for the Standard Model and supersymmetric Higgs bosons at the LHC. In this paper, a method combining the shower cluster in an electromagnetic calorimeter and the parametric formula for hadron showers, was developed to separate the overlapped showers between charged hadron and neutral hadron. Taking the hadronic decay containing one charged pion and one neutral pion in the final status of tau for example, satisfied results of the separation of the overlapped showers, the reconstructions of the energy and positions of the hadrons were obtained. An improved result for the tau reconstruction with this decay model can be also achieved after the application of the proposed method.
文摘In future high-energy physics experiments,the electromagnetic calorimeter(ECAL)should operate with an exceptionally high luminosity.An ECAL featuring a layered readout in the longitudinal direction and precise time-stamped information offers a multidimensional view,thereby enriching our understanding of the showering process of electromagnetic particles in high-luminosity environments.This was used as the baseline design for several new experiments,including the planned upgrades of the current running experiments.Reconstructing and matching multidimensional information across different layers poses new challenges for the effective utilization of layered data.This study introduced a novel layered reconstruction framework for ECAL with a layered readout information structure and developed a corresponding layered clustering algorithm.This expands the concept of clusters from a plane to multiple layers.Additionally,this study presents the corresponding layered cluster correction methods,investigates the transverse shower profile utilized for overlapping cluster splitting,and develops a layered mergedπ^(0)reconstruction algorithm based on this framework.By incorporating energy and time information into 3-dimensions,this framework provides a suitable software platform for preliminary research on longitudinally segmented ECAL and new perspectives in physics analyses.Furthermore,using the PicoCal in LHCb Upgrade II as a concrete example,the performance of the framework was preliminarily evaluated using single photons andπ^(0)particles from the neutral B^(0)meson decay B^(0)→π^(+)π^(-)π^(0)as benchmarks.The results demonstrate that,compared to the unlayered framework,utilizing this framework for longitudinally segmented ECAL significantly enhances the position resolution and the ability to split overlapping clusters,thereby improving the reconstruction resolution and efficiency for photons andπ^(0)s.
文摘While the Chinese economy regains momentum,anxieties remain constant as the seeds ofinflation may be growing Nearly two years after the devastating financial crisis, China’s greenshoots of economic recovery arein full bloom.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10435070, 10721140381, 10099630)China Ministry of Science and Technology (2007CB16101)Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-N17, 1730911111)
文摘In the LHC experiment, the neutral pions produced during jet fragmentation are the background sources for all physics channels with high-energy photons in their final state. In this paper, the application of the three-dimensional parametric formula for electromagnetic （EM） showers, which we developed in the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer II experiment, is presented to distinguish the unconverted photons from the neutral pions. With the constructed electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL） in a GEANT4 simulation, the parametric formulae were validated and the unconverted γ/π0 discrimination was performed with the Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis （TMVA） package in ROOT for different transverse energies ranging from 15 GeV to 75 GeV, which is the most sensitive region for light Higgs （with mass ～120 GeV） searches with the channel H → γγ. With this discrimination method and the selected transverse energy region, we can reject π0 with the effciency from ～ 40% （65–75 GeV） to ～ 90% （15–25 GeV） when keeping 90% γ effciency.
基金funding from the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Meghan Franco for assistance with XAD resin extractions, Shealy Environmental, Inc.for VOC analyses
文摘Lead contamination in the City of Flint, MI has been well documented over the past two years, with lead levels above the EPA Action Level until summer 2016. This resulted from an ill-fated decision to switch from Detroit water（Lake Huron） with corrosion control, to Flint River water without corrosion control. Although lead levels are now closer to normal,reports of skin rashes have sparked questions surrounding tap water in some Flint homes.This study investigated the presence of contaminants, including disinfection by-products（DBPs）, in the hot tap water used for showering in the homes of residents in Flint. Extensive quantitative analysis of 61 regulated and priority unregulated DBPs was conducted in Flint hot and cold tap water, along with the analysis of 50 volatile organic compounds and a nontarget comprehensive, broadscreen analysis, to identify a possible source for the reported skin rashes. For comparison, chlorinated hot and cold waters from three other cities were also sampled, including Detroit, which also uses Lake Huron as its source water.Results showed that hot water samples generally contained elevated levels of regulated and priority unregulated DBPs compared to cold water samples, but trihalomethanes were still within regulatory limits. Overall, hot shower water from Flint was similar to waters sampled from the three other cities and did not have unusually high levels of DBPs or other organic chemicals that could be responsible for the skin rashes observed by residents. It is possible that an inorganic chemical or microbial contaminant may be responsible.
文摘The proof of three different nova or supernova debris streams impacting the planet and causing global warming is shown by studying the effects, locations, and timings for specific thermal and destructive events in the northern and southern hemisphere. Global warming is not manmade and reducing fossil fuel emissions is not the solution to protect the populations of different countries from catastrophic events due to increased thermal energy storage for the planet, The burning of atoms of incoming debris streams from exploding stars produces energy and greenhouse gases that cause the average temperature of our planet to increase. India is the current hotspot due to the location of the deflected western terminus of SN 1006. Hotspots occur that are not as obvious as the India case, but melting sea ice exposes the debris streams＇ hotspot activities. The incoming momentum of a debris stream can displace a large amount of polar atmosphere upon impact causing unusually extreme freezing conditions at lower latitudes like the year without a summer of 1812. The third tine of Satan＇s pitchfork known as high sea surface temperatures indicating El Nino is located directly between the north and south hotspots and occurs during initial high particle densities related to impact of the debris stream.
文摘The Leonid meteor shower in November 1998 was observed widely by astronomers. The first peak, rich in bright meteors, appeared about 16 hours before the predicted maximum of the main shower. The main shower was also observed by both optical and radio methods during 19:00-21:00 UT on Nov. 17, and the radio peak was over 2500h-1. About 18 hours after the main shower, an abnormal phenomenon in the ionosphere was detected by two separate ionosphere observing stations. And the very high abnormal phenomenon maintained over one hour. The phenomenon showed that the ionosphere was injected with a large amount of small dust particles that could not be observed in optical and radio. The Observational results show that the Leonid meteor shower in 1998 had three peaks.
文摘Purpose: To assess prevalence of and risk factors for conjunctival colonization and types of organisms among adults undergoing elective intraocular surgery. Setting: Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. Methods: A prospective study conducted in the Ophthalmology Department at Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel between May 1, 2006 and August 31, 2007. Included were adults undergoing elective intraocular surgeries. Conjunctival cultures were obtained from the lower fornix, prior to application of prophylactic decolonization treatment and were processed using routine microbiological techniques. Demographic, socioeconomic and medical data of our patient cohort were obtained from all participants. Results: Cultures were obtained from 501 patients. (Mean age 69.7 ± 12.0 years) of whom 52.1% were females. In 208 patients (40.5%) bacteria grew in conjunctival cultures, one type in 175 (34.9%) one, and two types in 28 (5.6%). In none fungi were isolated. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most frequent bacteria isolated. By multivariate analysis, significant risk factors for conjunctival bacterial colonization were spring/summer seasons (OR 1.64, CI 1.15 - 2.36, P < 0.007), and showering on the day of the operation (OR 1.73, CI 1.11 - 2.69, P < 0.01). Conclusions: In addition to previously known risk factors for conjunctival microorganism colonization, the present study found showering on the morning of the operation, possibly related to bacteria on towels or in the eyelids and lashes, and time of year (spring/summer) perhaps resulting from higher temperature and humidity related to the presence of conjunctival bacteria to be significant in adults undergoing intraocular surgery.
文摘Production of tachyons in, among other things, air showers would be in accordance with predictions of general relativity. Some such tachyons would travel with a precisely determined speed, almost equal to 5c/3 relative to the earth, and would be registered high above the region of creation of air showers, e.g. on board of a satellite. A very simple experiment designed to detect these tachyons is outlined here. Brief justification to search for tachyons is also given.
文摘Human exposure to radon inside different parts of the house has become a great concern. In this study, the distribution of radon and its decay inside the shower will be numerically investigated. In fact, the radon concentration in water is measured through the use of AlphaGUARD. They are used as an input for CFD simulation. The numerical results proved that temperature and humidity have significant impacts on both radon content and distribution. Also, the equilibrium factor variations between radon and its progeny with the temperature and relative humidity were carefully looked at. The equivalent doses due to <sup>218</sup>Po and <sup>214</sup>Po were evaluated in different tissues of the respiratory tract of the members of the public from the inhalation of air inside the shower. The annual effective dose due to radon short lived decay from the inhalation of air inside the shower by the members of the public was also investigated.
文摘Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization is well researched and widely accepted to improve circulation, decrease pain, improve function, increase strength, and promote overall soft tissue health. However, the administration of this intervention, in most cases, is limited to the brief amounts of time we spend mobilizing our soft tissue. SORxSOAP offers a pragmatic strategy by which one may mobilize their soft tissue while simultaneously showering or washing a specific part of their body. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effects SORxSOAP has on functional measures of upper extremity activity in the slicing hands of employees at a corporate deli franchise over the course of a one-month period. 31 employees of a corporate deli franchise were asked to participate in a study involving the use of SORxSOAP. The subjects were assigned to experimental and control groups rough random sampling. Twenty-one subjects in the experimental group were given a one month’s supply of SORxSOAP to use on a regular basis while showering. Ten subjects in the control group were not exposed to any independent variable. The subjects from both groups completed a questionnaire that asked the subjects to rate the level of ease at which specific job-related activities were for them to perform. Hand-strength/grip and range of motion measurements were also taken utilizing a handheld dynamometer and goniometer respectively by one evaluator both before and after a one-month duration of the experimental group’s exposure to SORxSOAP. Independent t-tests were performed to test the difference between pre and post-test values for the control and experimental groups. It was found that SORxSOAP significantly improves wrist flexion range of motion, results in significantly greater improvements in hand-grip strength compared to control, and significantly improves wrist extension range of motion over a one-month period. Improvements in the ease of job-related activities also appear to be correlated to the use of SORxSOAP for items #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9. Significant differences were also found between the slicing and non-slicing hands for pre-test wrist extension range of motion measurements, indicating the presence of possible over-use injury in occupations and activities placing excessive demand on certain body regions. This provides isolated evidence that supports the notion that SORxSOAP could be a viable option for preventing the steady decline of wrist extension range of motion and actually promoting and maintaining soft tissue and overall joint health, making it clear how further investigation into the effects of SORxSOAP can not only improve joint and soft tissue health, but prevent the emergence of joint and soft tissue impairment entirely. Clinical Bottom Line: The use of SORxSOAP has the potential to significantly improve muscle and soft tissue performance and function over a period of one month.
文摘The paper deals with the issues of differentiation of atmospheric precipitation into gradations according to their characteristics and established meteorological practices.The division of atmospheric precipitation into gradations allows one to have an idea of the possible consequences of their fallout on life in the area.The dependence of the average intensity of precipitation on their duration for the entire series of observations is not described by a power-law dependence with a sufficient degree of reliability,and when differentiating into gradations according to the amount of precipitation(<2.5 mm,2.5-10 mm,≥10 mm),the dependences are obtained with a high degree of correlation.The scatter of points can be explained by the presence of intermediate categories of precipitation,which does not take into account the accepted division of the data.Thus,for large values of the amount of precipitation,the existence of a separate curve is possible,since the existing classifications of precipitation imply the division of heavy showers into separate gradations.Differentiation of rains by their duration shows a stronger stratification of the field of points for shorter rains(up to 60 minutes).This stratification of the field of points is successfully differentiated into shorter segments of 20,30 minutes.Associated with the greater heterogeneity of shorter precipitation,it can be both rains of low intensity and heavy downpours of short duration.The probability of the position of the maximum intensity of precipitation during rain has more significant differences for precipitation less than 2.5 mm(the curves are more curved).For rains with a precipitation amount of 2.5 mm or more,the probability curves approach straight lines,which is associated with greater heterogeneity of precipitation less than 2.5 mm.
文摘In view of the reality of PAH soil repair difficult, through the study of different oxidants and new surfactant, realize the detergent repair technology in the treatment of PAH contaminated soil application. At the same time, with potassium permanganate, sodium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide detergent as detergent experiment, compare the different detergent effect. The experimental results show that the removal rate of oxidant potassium permanganate can reach 95.3% and 80.6% in PAH-contaminated soil, and the removal effect of surfactant detergent and OP-10 is also very obvious.
文摘Technology always brings us surprise and change life everyday. What you said,when you do your wool suits domestic cleaning with warm water at about 40° C,at your bathroom?Crazy?Easy-care?Wow,it's all about MerinoFreshTM!
文摘The Galactic plane serves as a natural laboratory for exploring high-energy astrophysical processes,where cosmic rays are accelerated,propagate,and interact with other components in the interstellar medium(ISM).With its unprecedented sensitivity and extensive energy coverage,the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO) has opened a new era of Galactic gamma-ray astronomy,especially in the ultra-high-energy(UHE) domain.The recent “Galactic Mini Survey” conducted by LHAASO provides an unprecedented view of UHE gamma-ray sources within the Milky Way.
