The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established a...The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established an acid-rock interaction kinetic model to characterize the long-term interactions between CO_(2)-contained IWG and shale.The findings delineate the reaction process into three phases:during the initial 10 years,solubility trapping predominates,with minimal mineral dissolution.This increases shale porosity,promoting the diffusion and storage range of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Between 10 and 300 years,mineral dissolution/precipitation assumes primacy,with mineral trapping gradually supplanting dissolution.Notably,shale porosity diminishes by a minimum of approximately 40%,effectively inhibiting gas leakage.After 300 years,equilibrium is reached,with rock porosity consistently lower than the initial porosity.Throughout the entire reaction process,as the initial CO_(2) concentration decreases,the initial pH drops from 4.42 to 3.61,resulting in a roughly 20%increase in porosity.Additionally,it is necessary to regulate its concentration to avoid H_(2)S leakage during CO_(2)-contained IWG geological sequestration.And particular attention should be directed towards the risk of gas leakage when the IWG exhibit high levels of SO_(2) or NO_(2).展开更多
Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PT...Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.展开更多
A method to upgrade the iron grade in copper slag was proposed using lime to decompose Al_(2)O_(3)-containing fayalite melt(AFMT).Thermodynamic calculations indicated that adjusting the CaO/AFMT ratio can yield a resi...A method to upgrade the iron grade in copper slag was proposed using lime to decompose Al_(2)O_(3)-containing fayalite melt(AFMT).Thermodynamic calculations indicated that adjusting the CaO/AFMT ratio can yield a residual melt with a FeO concentration of 75−88 wt.%and produce Ca_(2)SiO_(4).In-situ observations suggested that the reaction was impeded in some way.Quenching experiments revealed that the initial reaction products consisted of calcium ferrite compounds and FeO−CaO melt.At the FeO−CaO melt/AFMT interface,Ca_(2)SiO_(4) particles precipitated,forming a dense Ca_(2)SiO_(4) film that significantly impeded mass transfer.Although trace amounts of Al_(2)O_(3) in AFMT temporarily enhanced mass transfer,they were insufficient to overcome this retardation effect.The decomposition reaction was far from achieving equilibrium,demonstrating a self-retardation effect.Measures must be implemented to eliminate this self-retardation effect and enhance the efficiency of reaction kinetics.展开更多
The flux agents in common mould fluxes were fluoride and sodium oxide, which would do great harm to environments. B2O3 was selected as flux. The physical properties of B2O3-containing mould fluxes were studied. The co...The flux agents in common mould fluxes were fluoride and sodium oxide, which would do great harm to environments. B2O3 was selected as flux. The physical properties of B2O3-containing mould fluxes were studied. The corresponding physical properties of 37. 91% CAO-43.09% SiO2-5% Al2O3-5% MgO-2% Li20-7% B2O3 mould fluxes were as follows： the melting point was 909℃, the flowing temperature was 1 160℃, the viscosity and surface tension at 1300 ℃ were 0. 4 Pa · s and 0.32 N/m respectively, which could meet the demands for certain kinds of steels for mould fluxes in continuous casting.展开更多
Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]...Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.展开更多
The rheological behavior of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slags was investigated using a rotating cylinder viscometer and the solid fraction and phases of Cr_(2)_(3)in molten slags were also calculated and observed at differe...The rheological behavior of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slags was investigated using a rotating cylinder viscometer and the solid fraction and phases of Cr_(2)_(3)in molten slags were also calculated and observed at different temperatures.Furthermore,the viscosities of CaO–SiO2–Cr_(2)_(3)(–10%Al2O3)slags were measured from 1703 to 1953 K and the influence of Cr_(2)_(3)content on the viscosity and rheological behavior of molten slags was investigated.The calculation revealed that the solid fraction of the molten slags varied with the Cr_(2)_(3)content and maximum temperature,and the fluid properties transitioned from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior when the solid fraction reached 5%.Moreover,the increase in Cr_(2)_(3)content led to an increase in the viscosity as the slags displayed Newtonian flow characteristics and a decrease in the viscosity when slags exhibited non-Newtonian flow characteristics.The viscosity results of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slag from 1703 to 1953 K and from 1703 to 1813 K were also discussed with the morphologies.展开更多
The Chinese herb Shuyusan, whose main constituent is jasminoidin, has been shown to protect SH-SY5Y cells against corticosterone-induced damage. SH-SY5Y cells injured by 400 μmol/L cor- ticosterone were treated with ...The Chinese herb Shuyusan, whose main constituent is jasminoidin, has been shown to protect SH-SY5Y cells against corticosterone-induced damage. SH-SY5Y cells injured by 400 μmol/L cor- ticosterone were treated with 5 and 30 μg/mL Shuyusan-containing serum. Results revealed that Shuyusan-containing serum elevated the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells, reduced Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, markedly elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression, and blocked cell apoptosis. Moreover, the effect of high-dose （30 μg/mL） Shuyusan-containing se- rum was more remarkable. Therefore, Shuyusan-containing serum appears to protect SH-SY5Y cells against corticosterone-induced impairment by adjusting the expression of apoptosis-associ- ated proteins and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Moreover, high-dose Shuyusan-containing se- rum has a protective effect on high-dose corticosterone-induced impairment.展开更多
A novel CF_3-containing building block, (Z)-ethyl 3-bromo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-butenoate, was easily prepared from CF_3CBr_3, the former reacted with alkynes Or organozinc reagents in the presence of Pd complexes to affo...A novel CF_3-containing building block, (Z)-ethyl 3-bromo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-butenoate, was easily prepared from CF_3CBr_3, the former reacted with alkynes Or organozinc reagents in the presence of Pd complexes to afford useful CF_3-containing intermediates in good yield.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(No.52074316)PetroChina CompanyLimited(grant number 2019E-2608)。
文摘The shortage of CO_(2) source and the challenges associated with the separation of pure CO_(2) have led to a growing interest in the potential utilization of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Therefore,this study has established an acid-rock interaction kinetic model to characterize the long-term interactions between CO_(2)-contained IWG and shale.The findings delineate the reaction process into three phases:during the initial 10 years,solubility trapping predominates,with minimal mineral dissolution.This increases shale porosity,promoting the diffusion and storage range of CO_(2)-contained IWG.Between 10 and 300 years,mineral dissolution/precipitation assumes primacy,with mineral trapping gradually supplanting dissolution.Notably,shale porosity diminishes by a minimum of approximately 40%,effectively inhibiting gas leakage.After 300 years,equilibrium is reached,with rock porosity consistently lower than the initial porosity.Throughout the entire reaction process,as the initial CO_(2) concentration decreases,the initial pH drops from 4.42 to 3.61,resulting in a roughly 20%increase in porosity.Additionally,it is necessary to regulate its concentration to avoid H_(2)S leakage during CO_(2)-contained IWG geological sequestration.And particular attention should be directed towards the risk of gas leakage when the IWG exhibit high levels of SO_(2) or NO_(2).
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province University, No.2023AH040394 (to TY)Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Leading Medicine and Frontier Technology Research Institute Project, No.2023IHM01073 (to TY)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province, Nos.2308085QH258 (to JW), 2008085MH246 (to TY)。
文摘Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52121004)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.51825403)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China (No.2021RC3013)National Key R&D Program of China (No.2022YFC3901602)the Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province,China (No.21ZD4GD033)。
文摘A method to upgrade the iron grade in copper slag was proposed using lime to decompose Al_(2)O_(3)-containing fayalite melt(AFMT).Thermodynamic calculations indicated that adjusting the CaO/AFMT ratio can yield a residual melt with a FeO concentration of 75−88 wt.%and produce Ca_(2)SiO_(4).In-situ observations suggested that the reaction was impeded in some way.Quenching experiments revealed that the initial reaction products consisted of calcium ferrite compounds and FeO−CaO melt.At the FeO−CaO melt/AFMT interface,Ca_(2)SiO_(4) particles precipitated,forming a dense Ca_(2)SiO_(4) film that significantly impeded mass transfer.Although trace amounts of Al_(2)O_(3) in AFMT temporarily enhanced mass transfer,they were insufficient to overcome this retardation effect.The decomposition reaction was far from achieving equilibrium,demonstrating a self-retardation effect.Measures must be implemented to eliminate this self-retardation effect and enhance the efficiency of reaction kinetics.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50474037) Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation forUniversity of China (04BJK430022)
文摘The flux agents in common mould fluxes were fluoride and sodium oxide, which would do great harm to environments. B2O3 was selected as flux. The physical properties of B2O3-containing mould fluxes were studied. The corresponding physical properties of 37. 91% CAO-43.09% SiO2-5% Al2O3-5% MgO-2% Li20-7% B2O3 mould fluxes were as follows： the melting point was 909℃, the flowing temperature was 1 160℃, the viscosity and surface tension at 1300 ℃ were 0. 4 Pa · s and 0.32 N/m respectively, which could meet the demands for certain kinds of steels for mould fluxes in continuous casting.
基金support of this work by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075031,51673030,51603017 and 51803011)Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Department(20220201105GX)Chang Bai Mountain Scholars Program of Jilin Province.
文摘Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1960201)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC190570I)for their financial support of this research.
文摘The rheological behavior of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slags was investigated using a rotating cylinder viscometer and the solid fraction and phases of Cr_(2)_(3)in molten slags were also calculated and observed at different temperatures.Furthermore,the viscosities of CaO–SiO2–Cr_(2)_(3)(–10%Al2O3)slags were measured from 1703 to 1953 K and the influence of Cr_(2)_(3)content on the viscosity and rheological behavior of molten slags was investigated.The calculation revealed that the solid fraction of the molten slags varied with the Cr_(2)_(3)content and maximum temperature,and the fluid properties transitioned from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior when the solid fraction reached 5%.Moreover,the increase in Cr_(2)_(3)content led to an increase in the viscosity as the slags displayed Newtonian flow characteristics and a decrease in the viscosity when slags exhibited non-Newtonian flow characteristics.The viscosity results of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slag from 1703 to 1953 K and from 1703 to 1813 K were also discussed with the morphologies.
基金funded by a grant from the Scientific Research Key Project of Armed Forces during the "12 th Five-Year Plan" Period,No.CWS12J129
文摘The Chinese herb Shuyusan, whose main constituent is jasminoidin, has been shown to protect SH-SY5Y cells against corticosterone-induced damage. SH-SY5Y cells injured by 400 μmol/L cor- ticosterone were treated with 5 and 30 μg/mL Shuyusan-containing serum. Results revealed that Shuyusan-containing serum elevated the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells, reduced Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, markedly elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression, and blocked cell apoptosis. Moreover, the effect of high-dose （30 μg/mL） Shuyusan-containing se- rum was more remarkable. Therefore, Shuyusan-containing serum appears to protect SH-SY5Y cells against corticosterone-induced impairment by adjusting the expression of apoptosis-associ- ated proteins and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Moreover, high-dose Shuyusan-containing se- rum has a protective effect on high-dose corticosterone-induced impairment.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A novel CF_3-containing building block, (Z)-ethyl 3-bromo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-butenoate, was easily prepared from CF_3CBr_3, the former reacted with alkynes Or organozinc reagents in the presence of Pd complexes to afford useful CF_3-containing intermediates in good yield.
