Context:In irrigated agriculture,the salt stress is a major problem due to accumulation of salt from the irrigation water in the soil layers.Objectives:The aim of this study is to determinate the effect of salinity on...Context:In irrigated agriculture,the salt stress is a major problem due to accumulation of salt from the irrigation water in the soil layers.Objectives:The aim of this study is to determinate the effect of salinity on some agromorphological traits and seed nutritional quality of three sesames(Sesamum indicum L.)varieties.Methodology:This is how four solutions of different NaCl concentrations from 0,60,120 to 240 mM were used to water sesame plants at the five-leaves stage and this for two months in completely randomized device with four repetitions.Results:The results show a negative effect of the salinity growth and yield parameters,mineral elements,ascorbic acid(to 21.4% in White cultivar,28% in Brown and 24.2% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl),oil(to 22.6%in White cultivar,32% in Brown and 25.5% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl)and accumulation of Na(Sodium)content(to 11.8% in White cultivar,15.3% in Brown and 12.2% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl),osmolytes as proteins(to 14.5% in White cultivar,11.5% in Brown and 9.6%in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl)and antioxydants components.Varieties White and Brown were less affected by salinity.Conclusion:White variety exhibited higher adaptive potential under salinity stress when compared to Brown variety(rich in fiber)and closely followed by Black variety.Thus White variety could be recommended for consumer oil,minerals and proteins.As for Black variety,it could be used,as glucid and antioxydants additives in food.展开更多
Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient diploid oilseed crop valued for its high oil content,quality protein,unsaturated fatty acids,and antioxidants.The emerging research focuses on the utilization of vegetable prote...Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient diploid oilseed crop valued for its high oil content,quality protein,unsaturated fatty acids,and antioxidants.The emerging research focuses on the utilization of vegetable proteins in the development of novel products and the formulation of functional foods.Developing sesame genotypes with higher protein and oil content is a current focus for improving sesame quality traits,as preferred by the sesame seed oil industry and consumers.Despite previous genome-wide association studies(GWAS)on various agronomic and biochemical traits in sesame,the genetic basis of protein content and oil content remains limited.Therefore,this study was designed to identify candidate genes and quantitative trait loci(QTLs)regulating the target traits using 401 sesame accessions grown in three environments(2018WH,2018LQ,and 2022WH).The protein and oil content in the sesame population varied significantly.The protein content ranged from 15.06%to 26.45%,while the oil content was between 41.68%and 60.15%.Furthermore,the white seeds had a higher oil content,while the black seeds had a higher protein content,indicating an association between seed colour and oil and protein content.GWAS results revealed that 632 and 269 QTLs were selected as significant genetic regions for protein and oil content,respectively.Of these significant QTLs,we identified 10 and 22 stable QTLs for protein and oil content,respectively.A total of 17 candidate genes related to protein and oil content were identified within 32 stable quantitative trait loci(QTLs).Interestingly,two variant sites,SNP13:10093594 and In Del13:10935497,related to protein content,were identified in the gene sequences of SINPZ1300586 and SINPZ1300694.Four SNPs,SNP1:22608987,SNP4:13355820,SNP8:21686488,and SNP11:142842,for oil content were found correspond to the genes SINPZ0102106,SINPZ0401222,SINPZ0801731,and SINPZ1100015,respectively.The findings provide light on the genetic basis of protein and oil characteristics.These genes and QTLs can aid the molecular breeding and genetic engineering of innovative sesame germplasm,with improved potential for protein and oil content,as well as desired quality attributes.展开更多
Sesame is the most widely produced oilseed crop with the highest oil content (45.0%–65.0%) in Asia,Africa.The seed contains a high amount of protein (19%–35%),dietary fiber (15%–20%),carbohydrate (14%–20%),polyuns...Sesame is the most widely produced oilseed crop with the highest oil content (45.0%–65.0%) in Asia,Africa.The seed contains a high amount of protein (19%–35%),dietary fiber (15%–20%),carbohydrate (14%–20%),polyunsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients.It also contains lignans like sesamol,sesamin,and sesamolin,which protect the oil from oxidative rancidity.The seed also provides seed cake with nutritional value after oil extraction,which is used as a biopolymer in the applications of food packaging,bakery,and confectionary industries,as well as in the preparation of edible and coating films.It can replace commercial expanded polystyrene,which is non-biodegradable in nature.Being the richest source of nutrients,sesame seeds and oilseed cakes have been implemented in different food processing industries.The present review focused on the comprehensive study of biochemical compositions,anti-nutrients,phytochemicals,and antioxidants of sesame seeds and seed cakes and their applications in foods industries.展开更多
Sesame is one of the eight major allergens that cause food allergies.Study of the epitopes of sesame allergens is important for understanding their sensitization mechanisms.Currently,less information is available on t...Sesame is one of the eight major allergens that cause food allergies.Study of the epitopes of sesame allergens is important for understanding their sensitization mechanisms.Currently,less information is available on the epitope studies of sesame allergens.In this study,we analyzed the molecular characteristics,structure and homology of Ses i 3,one of the important sesame allergens.We predicted the B-cell linear epitopes of Ses i 3 using bioinformatics tools and characterized them by slot blot immuno-microarrays technology.Eight peptides as B-cell linear epitopes of Ses i 3 were identified,in addition,key amino acids in these epitopes were predicted and leucine 422 was identified as a key amino acid.The present work will contribute to further understanding of the sesame allergen and provide some help in the prevention and treatment of sesame allergy.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to establish a optimized combination of intercropping and fertilization application technology of intercropping sesame （Sesamum indicum） and peanut（Arachis hypogaea）. [Method] Double...[Objective] The research aimed to establish a optimized combination of intercropping and fertilization application technology of intercropping sesame （Sesamum indicum） and peanut（Arachis hypogaea）. [Method] Double factor randomized block design （2 fertilization methods and 5 ratios） was adopted, with 10 treatments, 3 repeats. There were a total of 30 plots, with plot area of 12.0 m2. Two fertilization methods included C1 [base fertilizer （540 g/plot compound fertilizer ＋ topdressing （90 g urea）] and C2 [all as base fertilizer （540 g/plot compound fertilizer）]. Five different proportions （sesame： peanut） were M1（2∶4）, M2（2∶6）, M3（1∶4）, monoculture sesame （CK1） and monoculture peanut （CK2）, respectively. [Result] Output value and land equivalent ratio （LER） of C1M2 treatment （6 lines peanut/2 lines sesame, base fertilizer 540 g/plot （compound fertilizer） ＋ （topdressing urea 90 g） were the highest of 22 378.68 yuan/hm2 and 1.56 respectively; sesame yield was 641.64 kg/hm2 and peanut yield was 2 506.67 kg/hm2. Output-input ratio was 4.94. The income was increased by 32.32% and 95.97% compared with only planting of peanuts and sesame. [Conclusion] The study provided a theoretical basis for finding the best intercropping combinations of sesame and peanut and rational application fertilizations.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the capsule development at differ-ent positions of sesame （Sesamum indicum）. [Method] The number of flowers and capsules at lower part （below the 8th node from the bottom）, ...[Objective] This study aimed to explore the capsule development at differ-ent positions of sesame （Sesamum indicum）. [Method] The number of flowers and capsules at lower part （below the 8th node from the bottom）, middle part （at 9th-20th nodes from the bottom） and upper part （above the 20th node） of sesame plants （Zhengzhi 98N09） was counted. The length, width, fresh weight of the capsules, fresh and dry weight of the seeds, and the dry weight of the capsule shel s at dif-ferent growth stages were measured. [Result] From the bottom to the top of sesame plants, the numbers of flowers and capsules at each node showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The 15th and the 12th node had the maxi-mum flower number （9.3 flowers per node on average） and the maximum capsule number （4.2 capsules per node on average）, respectively. The middle nodes had the highest capsule setting rate, up to 45.1%, fol owed by that at upper nodes, 30.1%, and the capsule setting rate at lower nodes was the smal est, only 25.0%. The capsule length, width, fresh weight, seed fresh weight, dry weight and capsule shel dry weight at middle part were higher than that at lower and upper part. Moreover, grain fil ing rates of the lower, middle and upper capsules were 0.003 5, 0.004 4 and 0.003 0 g/（capsule·d）. It suggests that the substances gave priority to supply the middle capsules during the development of capsules. [Conclusion] This study wil provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-yielding sesame.展开更多
文摘Context:In irrigated agriculture,the salt stress is a major problem due to accumulation of salt from the irrigation water in the soil layers.Objectives:The aim of this study is to determinate the effect of salinity on some agromorphological traits and seed nutritional quality of three sesames(Sesamum indicum L.)varieties.Methodology:This is how four solutions of different NaCl concentrations from 0,60,120 to 240 mM were used to water sesame plants at the five-leaves stage and this for two months in completely randomized device with four repetitions.Results:The results show a negative effect of the salinity growth and yield parameters,mineral elements,ascorbic acid(to 21.4% in White cultivar,28% in Brown and 24.2% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl),oil(to 22.6%in White cultivar,32% in Brown and 25.5% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl)and accumulation of Na(Sodium)content(to 11.8% in White cultivar,15.3% in Brown and 12.2% in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl),osmolytes as proteins(to 14.5% in White cultivar,11.5% in Brown and 9.6%in Black cultivar from 0 to 240 mM NaCl)and antioxydants components.Varieties White and Brown were less affected by salinity.Conclusion:White variety exhibited higher adaptive potential under salinity stress when compared to Brown variety(rich in fiber)and closely followed by Black variety.Thus White variety could be recommended for consumer oil,minerals and proteins.As for Black variety,it could be used,as glucid and antioxydants additives in food.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD1600100)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)+3 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-14)Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(2024EHA055)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hubei province(2024-620-000-001-031)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution(1610172023003)。
文摘Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient diploid oilseed crop valued for its high oil content,quality protein,unsaturated fatty acids,and antioxidants.The emerging research focuses on the utilization of vegetable proteins in the development of novel products and the formulation of functional foods.Developing sesame genotypes with higher protein and oil content is a current focus for improving sesame quality traits,as preferred by the sesame seed oil industry and consumers.Despite previous genome-wide association studies(GWAS)on various agronomic and biochemical traits in sesame,the genetic basis of protein content and oil content remains limited.Therefore,this study was designed to identify candidate genes and quantitative trait loci(QTLs)regulating the target traits using 401 sesame accessions grown in three environments(2018WH,2018LQ,and 2022WH).The protein and oil content in the sesame population varied significantly.The protein content ranged from 15.06%to 26.45%,while the oil content was between 41.68%and 60.15%.Furthermore,the white seeds had a higher oil content,while the black seeds had a higher protein content,indicating an association between seed colour and oil and protein content.GWAS results revealed that 632 and 269 QTLs were selected as significant genetic regions for protein and oil content,respectively.Of these significant QTLs,we identified 10 and 22 stable QTLs for protein and oil content,respectively.A total of 17 candidate genes related to protein and oil content were identified within 32 stable quantitative trait loci(QTLs).Interestingly,two variant sites,SNP13:10093594 and In Del13:10935497,related to protein content,were identified in the gene sequences of SINPZ1300586 and SINPZ1300694.Four SNPs,SNP1:22608987,SNP4:13355820,SNP8:21686488,and SNP11:142842,for oil content were found correspond to the genes SINPZ0102106,SINPZ0401222,SINPZ0801731,and SINPZ1100015,respectively.The findings provide light on the genetic basis of protein and oil characteristics.These genes and QTLs can aid the molecular breeding and genetic engineering of innovative sesame germplasm,with improved potential for protein and oil content,as well as desired quality attributes.
文摘Sesame is the most widely produced oilseed crop with the highest oil content (45.0%–65.0%) in Asia,Africa.The seed contains a high amount of protein (19%–35%),dietary fiber (15%–20%),carbohydrate (14%–20%),polyunsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients.It also contains lignans like sesamol,sesamin,and sesamolin,which protect the oil from oxidative rancidity.The seed also provides seed cake with nutritional value after oil extraction,which is used as a biopolymer in the applications of food packaging,bakery,and confectionary industries,as well as in the preparation of edible and coating films.It can replace commercial expanded polystyrene,which is non-biodegradable in nature.Being the richest source of nutrients,sesame seeds and oilseed cakes have been implemented in different food processing industries.The present review focused on the comprehensive study of biochemical compositions,anti-nutrients,phytochemicals,and antioxidants of sesame seeds and seed cakes and their applications in foods industries.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Public Research Institutes of Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine(2022JK04).
文摘Sesame is one of the eight major allergens that cause food allergies.Study of the epitopes of sesame allergens is important for understanding their sensitization mechanisms.Currently,less information is available on the epitope studies of sesame allergens.In this study,we analyzed the molecular characteristics,structure and homology of Ses i 3,one of the important sesame allergens.We predicted the B-cell linear epitopes of Ses i 3 using bioinformatics tools and characterized them by slot blot immuno-microarrays technology.Eight peptides as B-cell linear epitopes of Ses i 3 were identified,in addition,key amino acids in these epitopes were predicted and leucine 422 was identified as a key amino acid.The present work will contribute to further understanding of the sesame allergen and provide some help in the prevention and treatment of sesame allergy.
基金Supported by Program of Southern Cultivation and Soil Fertilizer Station of National Sesame Industry Technology System(CARS-15-1-09)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to establish a optimized combination of intercropping and fertilization application technology of intercropping sesame （Sesamum indicum） and peanut（Arachis hypogaea）. [Method] Double factor randomized block design （2 fertilization methods and 5 ratios） was adopted, with 10 treatments, 3 repeats. There were a total of 30 plots, with plot area of 12.0 m2. Two fertilization methods included C1 [base fertilizer （540 g/plot compound fertilizer ＋ topdressing （90 g urea）] and C2 [all as base fertilizer （540 g/plot compound fertilizer）]. Five different proportions （sesame： peanut） were M1（2∶4）, M2（2∶6）, M3（1∶4）, monoculture sesame （CK1） and monoculture peanut （CK2）, respectively. [Result] Output value and land equivalent ratio （LER） of C1M2 treatment （6 lines peanut/2 lines sesame, base fertilizer 540 g/plot （compound fertilizer） ＋ （topdressing urea 90 g） were the highest of 22 378.68 yuan/hm2 and 1.56 respectively; sesame yield was 641.64 kg/hm2 and peanut yield was 2 506.67 kg/hm2. Output-input ratio was 4.94. The income was increased by 32.32% and 95.97% compared with only planting of peanuts and sesame. [Conclusion] The study provided a theoretical basis for finding the best intercropping combinations of sesame and peanut and rational application fertilizations.
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CAES-15)Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Henan Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences(112106000023)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore the capsule development at differ-ent positions of sesame （Sesamum indicum）. [Method] The number of flowers and capsules at lower part （below the 8th node from the bottom）, middle part （at 9th-20th nodes from the bottom） and upper part （above the 20th node） of sesame plants （Zhengzhi 98N09） was counted. The length, width, fresh weight of the capsules, fresh and dry weight of the seeds, and the dry weight of the capsule shel s at dif-ferent growth stages were measured. [Result] From the bottom to the top of sesame plants, the numbers of flowers and capsules at each node showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The 15th and the 12th node had the maxi-mum flower number （9.3 flowers per node on average） and the maximum capsule number （4.2 capsules per node on average）, respectively. The middle nodes had the highest capsule setting rate, up to 45.1%, fol owed by that at upper nodes, 30.1%, and the capsule setting rate at lower nodes was the smal est, only 25.0%. The capsule length, width, fresh weight, seed fresh weight, dry weight and capsule shel dry weight at middle part were higher than that at lower and upper part. Moreover, grain fil ing rates of the lower, middle and upper capsules were 0.003 5, 0.004 4 and 0.003 0 g/（capsule·d）. It suggests that the substances gave priority to supply the middle capsules during the development of capsules. [Conclusion] This study wil provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-yielding sesame.
