Selenium（Se） is an essential trace element in many organisms, its biological function is mainly in the form of selenoproteins, and plant selenoproteins have antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immunity enhancing effects. ...Selenium（Se） is an essential trace element in many organisms, its biological function is mainly in the form of selenoproteins, and plant selenoproteins have antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immunity enhancing effects. This study reviewed the existing forms of selenium in plants, selenoproteins classification and selenoproteins extraction methods and proposed future research directions.展开更多
Selenium is a crucial trace element that contributes to physiological processes in the body as selenoproteins.Selenoproteins serve as an integral role in the body in controlling the redox state of cells and protecting...Selenium is a crucial trace element that contributes to physiological processes in the body as selenoproteins.Selenoproteins serve as an integral role in the body in controlling the redox state of cells and protecting against damage induced by oxidative stress.This study aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanism of selenium on selenoproteins expression in EA.hy926 cells induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL).The impact of selenium on the viability of EA.hy926 cells was detected by the methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method,and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed by fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and JC-1,respectively.RNA-seq,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR),and Western blot were used to investigate the selenoprotein expression.Selenoprotein mRNA translation efficiency was analyzed by ribosome profiling(Ribo-Seq)coupled with transcriptomics.Our data showed that selenium supplementation(0.5μmol/L)significantly decreased ROS production,increased mitochondrial inner membrane potential and increased the proliferative activity of EA.hy926 cells induced by oxLDL.Moreover,The protective effects of selenium against oxLDL-induced EA.hy926 cell injury were associated with the upregulation of the expressions of selenoproteins glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and thioredoxin reductase 1(TXNRD1).Furthermore,the expressions of selenoproteins GPX1 and GPX4 were hierarchically controlled,but the expressions of selenoproteins TXNRD1 were mainly regulated by oxLDL.Finally,Ribo-Seq coupled with transcriptomics results demonstrated that the expressions of selenoproteins GPX1,GPX4,and TXNRD1 were regulated at the translation process level.These findings suggested that selenium could have preventive effects in oxLDL induced EA.hy926 cell injury by regulating the selenoprotein expression,and the selenoproteins expressions at the translation level in vascular endothelial cells need further study.展开更多
Background The skeletal muscle of pigs is vulnerable to oxidative damage,resulting in growth retardation.Selenoproteins are important components of antioxidant systems for animals,which are generally regulated by diet...Background The skeletal muscle of pigs is vulnerable to oxidative damage,resulting in growth retardation.Selenoproteins are important components of antioxidant systems for animals,which are generally regulated by dietary selenium(Se)level.Here,we developed the dietary oxidative stress(DOS)-inducing pig model to investigate the protective effects of selenoproteins on DOS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation.Results Dietary oxidative stress caused porcine skeletal muscle oxidative damage and growth retardation,which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,and protein and lipid metabolism disorders.Supplementation with Se(0.3,0.6 or 0.9 mg Se/kg)in form of hydroxy selenomethionine(OH-SeMet)linearly increased muscular Se deposition and exhibited protective effects via regulating the expression of selenotranscriptome and key selenoproteins,which was mainly reflected in lower ROS levels and higher antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle,and the mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.What’s more,selenoproteins inhibited DOS induced protein and lipid degradation and improved protein and lipid biosynthesis via regulating AKT/mTOR/S6K1 and AMPK/SREBP-1 signalling pathways in skeletal muscle.However,several parameters such as the activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD,the protein abundance of JNK2,CLPP,SELENOS and SELENOF did not show dose-dependent changes.Notably,several key selenoproteins such as MSRB1,SELENOW,SELENOM,SELENON and SELENOS play the unique roles during this protection.Conclusions Increased expression of selenoproteins by dietary OH-SeMet could synergistically alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress,recover protein and lipid biosynthesis,thus alleviate skeletal muscle growth retardation.Our study provides preventive measure for OS-dependent skeletal muscle retardation in livestock husbandry.展开更多
After labeling of rats in vivo with 75Se and protein separation by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis more than 25 Se-containing bands could be distinguished.Of those proteins which were detected...After labeling of rats in vivo with 75Se and protein separation by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis more than 25 Se-containing bands could be distinguished.Of those proteins which were detected only in certain compartments and might therefore have tissue-specific functions, two were chosen for detailed investigation.A 15 kDa-protein was found in the prostatic epithelium where it accounted for about two thirds of the protein-bound 75Se. It was mainly present in the cytosol but was not released into the prostatic secretion. After gel chromatography it was found in the fraction which contained proteins with molecular masses of about 300 kDa. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis a plvalue of about 4. 5 was determined.In the testis a specific Se-containing 34 kDa-protein was observed which appeared after the onset of puberty. It was localized in the spermatid nuclei where it contained about 80% of the Se tracer present and was found to be bound to the DNA. After extraction it partly disintegrated into a 20 kDa-protein.Both compounds contain Se in the form of selenocysteine. The fact that their formation had priority over that of glutathione peroxidase during insufficient Se intake is an indication of their biological significance. Special interest in the prostatic epithelial selenoprotein derives from a possible inverse relationship between the Se status and the incidence of prostate cancer observed in epidemiological studies, whereas with the 34 kDa-selenoprotein its appearance during the condensation phase of the spermatid nuclei might suggest its participation in some processes of sperm maturation展开更多
Objective:To investigate if the protective effect ofα-tocopherol against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis involved the activity of the selenoproteins phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHG...Objective:To investigate if the protective effect ofα-tocopherol against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis involved the activity of the selenoproteins phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx;GPx4) and selenoprotein P (SelPP) that have roles against oxidative stress.Methods:Forty female mice were randomly assigned into natural control (CON), positive control (ETOH), low-, medium-, and high-α-tocopherol-supplemented-ethanol groups (LTOC, MTOC, HTOC, respectively). CON received drinking water without ethanol while ETOH, LTOC, MTOC and HTOC groups received 20% ethanol in drinking water. The supplemented groups were given respective dosages ofα-tocopherol, 0.410, 0.819, and 1.640 mg/g body weight, at day 14 before mating onwards to the day 9 of gestation. At 10.5 ED of gestation (1100 h), the pregnant females were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the embryos were harvested. Total RNA were extracted, cDNA synthesis and qRT- PCR analyses were carried out.Results: The level of expression of PHGPx in the positive control was significantly lower than that of the natural control. Among the threeα-tocopherol-supplemented groups, only the medium dose- group was significantly higher than the positive control. The level of expression of SelPP in the positive control was significantly lower than those of the natural control, the low- and medium- dose -tocopherol supplemented groups. In the high dose-α-tocopherol supplemented group, the level of expression was not significantly different from the positive control but significantly lower than the natural control.Conclusions: The activity of the selenoproteins PHGPx and SelPP are involved in the internetwork of antioxidative enzymes with vitamin E when given up to a medium dose only and is one of the possible pathways of shielding embryonic development against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis. This study strengthens the impact of dietaryα-tocopherol and Selenium supplement during the critical period of pregnancy.展开更多
Ebola virus infection is the present public health problem.The trend of worldwide epidemic becomes the serious consideration for this infection.The Ebola virus infection has main clinical manifestation as acute febril...Ebola virus infection is the present public health problem.The trend of worldwide epidemic becomes the serious consideration for this infection.The Ebola virus infection has main clinical manifestation as acute febrile illness with hemorrhagic episode.The problem of hemostatic disturbance can be seen.Focusing on the palhophysiology.selenium plays an important role in the blood clotting regulation.The study on the selenoprotein of the Ebola virus can be useful for further understanding on the pathology of the infection.Here,the authors use metallomics analysis for assessment of Ebola virus genome.According to this study,the selenoprotein portion within Ebola virus genome can be detected at position 1046-1115.展开更多
Objectives Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is highly resistant to apoptosis.This study investigates the role of Selenoprotein M(SELENOM),a redox-regulating protein,in the response of human glioblastoma A-172 cells to stau...Objectives Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is highly resistant to apoptosis.This study investigates the role of Selenoprotein M(SELENOM),a redox-regulating protein,in the response of human glioblastoma A-172 cells to staurosporine(STS)and hyperthermia.Methods A stable SELENOM-knockdown(SELENOM-KD)cell line was created.We measured reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm),cell death,and apoptotic gene expression.Results SELENOM-KD increased basal ROS levels and induced mitochondrial dysfunction.It sensitized cells to STS-induced apoptosis,enhancing the upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes.Conversely,under hyperthermia(42°C),SELENOM-KD cells exhibited significant thermoresistance,with 52%survival vs.99%death in controls,associated with suppressed pro-apoptotic signaling.Conclusions SELENOM is a critical redox and mitochondrial regulator in GBM.Its loss produces a context-dependent effect on cell fate:sensitizing to chemical apoptosis while conferring resistance to hyperthermia.SELENOM expression is a promising predictive biomarker for stratifying GBM patients for hyperthermia-based therapies.展开更多
The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers is primarily based on growth performance data reported in 1986.Our study aimed to determine optimal dietary Se levels of broilers fed a practical ...The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers is primarily based on growth performance data reported in 1986.Our study aimed to determine optimal dietary Se levels of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet for the full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues.A total of 384 one-d-old male broilers(n=8 replicates/diet)were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 or 0.5 mg Se/kg in the form of Na_(2)SeO_(3) for 21 d.Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the optimal dietary Se levels using broken-line,quadratic or asymptotic models.The activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)in the plasma,liver,kidney and pancreas,iodothyronine deiodinase(DIO)in the plasma,liver and pancreas,and thioredoxin reductase(Txnrd)in the liver and pancreas,the mRNA levels of Gpx1,Gpx4,Dio1,selenoprotein(Seleno)h,Selenop and Selenou in the liver,Gpx4,Dio1,Txnrd1,Txnrd2,Selenoh,Selenop and Selenou in the kidney,and Gpx1,Gpx4,Selenoh and Selenou in the pancreas,and the protein levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were influenced(P<0.05)by added Se levels,and increased quadratically(P<0.05)with the increase of added Se levels.The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.07 to 0.36 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line,quadratic or asymptotic models(P<0.001)of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the plasma,liver and kidney,and 0.09 to 0.46 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line models(P<0.001)of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the pancreas.The results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.36 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the plasma,liver and kidney,and 0.46 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the pancreas of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 d of age.展开更多
The computer program RNA Draw was used to identify the secondary structures in the 3’untranslated regions (3’UTRs) of the mRNAs from 46 eukaryotic seleno-proteins among 7 species. The program found one or two possib...The computer program RNA Draw was used to identify the secondary structures in the 3’untranslated regions (3’UTRs) of the mRNAs from 46 eukaryotic seleno-proteins among 7 species. The program found one or two possible SECIS elements in these selenoproteins. The SECIS element consists of a stem-loop or hairpin structure with three conserved sequences of AUGA-(A)AA-GA. SECIS element was not found by the RNA Draw program in randomly selected non-selenoproteins. The results showed that SECIS element is the unique character of the genes ofeukaryotic selenoproteins. Thus it is possible to use RNA Draw to search the SECIS elements in gene bank for potential new selenoproteins.展开更多
The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age is primarily based on a previous study reported in 1986,which might not be applicable to modern classes of rapidly growing ...The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age is primarily based on a previous study reported in 1986,which might not be applicable to modern classes of rapidly growing broilers.The present experiment was conducted to determine the optimal dietary Se level for meeting metabolic and functional Se requirements of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.A total of 336 Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d old were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 treatments with 7 replicates and fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet(control,containing 0.014 mg Se/kg)and the basal diet supplemented with 0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,or 0.50 mg Se/kg from Na_(2)SeO_(3) for 21 d.The results showed that the Se concentrations in plasma,liver,kidney,pancreas,breast and thigh muscles,the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)in plasma,liver and kidney,the mRNA expression levels of Gpx4,selenoprotein(Seleno)h and Selenou in liver,Selenop and Selenoh in kidney,and the protein expression levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were affected(P<0.05)by supplemental Se level,and increased quadratically(P<0.05)with the increase of supplemental Se level.The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.10 to 0.49 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line or asymptotic models(P<0.0001)of the above Se concentration indices,and 0.08 to 0.37 mg/kg based on the fitted brokenline,quadratic or asymptotic models(P<0.007)of the above selenoprotein expression indices.These results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.49 mg/kg to support the maximum Se concentrations and 0.37 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in plasma and various tissues of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.展开更多
Selenoprotein is biosynthesized by the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins,where the TGA codon in the open reading frame does not act as a stop signal but is translated into selenocysteine.The dual functions...Selenoprotein is biosynthesized by the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins,where the TGA codon in the open reading frame does not act as a stop signal but is translated into selenocysteine.The dual functions of TGA result in mis-annotation or lack of selenoproteins in the sequenced genomes of many species.Available computational tools fail to correctly predict selenoproteins.Thus,we devel-oped a new method to identify selenoproteins from the genome of Anopheles gambiae computationally.Based on released genomic information,several programs were edited with PERL language to identify selenocysteine insertion sequence(SECIS)element,the coding potential of TGA codons,and cys-teine-containing homologs of selenoprotein genes.Our results showed that 11365 genes were termi-nated with TGA codons,918 of which contained SECIS elements.Similarity search revealed that 58 genes contained Sec/Cys pairs and similar flanking regions around in-frame TGA codons.Finally,7 genes were found to fully meet requirements for selenoproteins,although they have not been anno-tated as selenoproteins in NCBI databases.Deduced from their basic properties,the newly found se-lenoproteins in the genome of Anopheles gambiae are possibly related to in vivo oxidation tolerance and protein regulation in order to interfere with anopheles'vectorial capacity of Plasmodium.This study may also provide theoretical bases for the prevention of malaria from anopheles transmission.展开更多
Selenium(Se),an essential micronutrient among the 15 vital elements required for human physiology,exerts its biological functions primarily through its incorporation into selenoproteins.To date,approximately 25 seleno...Selenium(Se),an essential micronutrient among the 15 vital elements required for human physiology,exerts its biological functions primarily through its incorporation into selenoproteins.To date,approximately 25 selenoproteins have been characterized in mammalian systems,including glutathione peroxidase(GPX),thioredoxin reductase(TrxR),and iodothyronine deiodinases(DIOs),all of which exhibit indispensable physiological functions.展开更多
Selenium is an essential trace element for human beings and it plays a significant role for the health of human nervous system.The strong antioxidant effect of selenium endows the element with the ability to treat var...Selenium is an essential trace element for human beings and it plays a significant role for the health of human nervous system.The strong antioxidant effect of selenium endows the element with the ability to treat various diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD).In the body,selenium exists in the forms of selenoproteins,which could treat AD through various pathways,such as inhibiting peroxidation,inhibiting apoptosis signal pathway,reducing the levels of Aβin neurons and alleviating Tau protein caused by pathological damage.This article aims to comprehensively elaborate on the relationship between selenium and AD.展开更多
This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky et al on the role of selenoprotein P1(SEPP1)in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance.Their study uncovered si-gnificantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obe...This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky et al on the role of selenoprotein P1(SEPP1)in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance.Their study uncovered si-gnificantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obese compared with hea-lthy peers,demonstrating a negative correlation between SEPP1 levels and mea-sures of adiposity and insulin resistance.These findings suggest that SEPP1 is a biomarker useful in the early identification of insulin resistance in pediatric populations.This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications of the study and calls for further research to validate and explore the role of SEPP1 in metabolic health.展开更多
·The therapeutic effect of selenium(Se)has already been proven in thyroid disease and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).In spite of clear scientific proof of its benefits in TAO,there appears to be no clear ...·The therapeutic effect of selenium(Se)has already been proven in thyroid disease and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).In spite of clear scientific proof of its benefits in TAO,there appears to be no clear agreement among the clinicians regarding its optimum dose,duration of the treatment,efficacy and safety to date.In this review,the author summarises the findings of 135 English language articles published on this subject over the past four decades from 1973 to 2013.The regulation and metabolism of thyroid hormones require a steady supply of Se and recent studies have revealed several possible mechanisms by which Se improves the severity of thyroid disease and TAO.These mechanisms include 1)inhibitory effect of HLA-DR molecule expression on thyrocytes;2)profound reductions of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)receptor antibodies(TSHR-Ab)and TPO antibodies(TPO-Ab);3)prevention of dysregulation of cell-mediated immunity and B cell function;4)neutralising reactive oxygen species(ROS)and inhibition of redox control processes required for the activation,differentiation and action of lymphocytes,macrophages,neutrophils,natural killer cells involved in both acute and chronic orbital inflammation in TAO;5)inhibition of expression of proinflammatory cytokines and 6)inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis.An increased oxidative stress has been observed in both acute and chronic phases of thyroid disease with raised tissue concentrations of ROS.The benefits of Se supplementation in individuals with TAO appear to be proportionate to the degree of systemic activity of the thyroid disease.The maximal benefit of Se supplementation is therefore seen in thesubjects who are hyperthyroid.Restoration of euthyroidism is one of the main goals in the management of TAO and when anti-thyroid drugs are combined with Se,the patients with Graves’disease(GD)and autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT)achieved euthyroidism faster than those treated with anti-thyroid drugs alone.Se status of normal adult humans can vary widely and Se supplementation may confer benefit only if serum Se levels are insufficient.The author recommends that serum Se levels of patients with TAO to be assessed prior to and during Se supplementation at regular intervals to avoid potential iatrogenic chronic Se overdose.展开更多
Selenium supplementation in a population with low basal blood selenium levels has been reported to decrease the incidence of several cancers including prostate cancer. Based on the clinical findings, it is likely that...Selenium supplementation in a population with low basal blood selenium levels has been reported to decrease the incidence of several cancers including prostate cancer. Based on the clinical findings, it is likely that the antioxidant function of one or more selenoproteins is responsible for the chemopreventive effect, although low molecular weight seleno-compounds have also been posited to selectively induce apoptosis in transformed cells. To address the effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein expression in prostate cells, we have undertaken an analysis of antioxidant selenoprotein expression as well as selenium toxicity in non-tumorigenic prostate epithelial cells （RWPE- 1 ） and prostate cancer cells （LNCaP and PC-3）. Our results show that two of the glutathione peroxidase family members （GPX1 and GPX4） are highly induced by supplemental selenium in prostate cancer cells but only slightly induced in RWPE-1 cells. In addition, GPX 1 levels are dramatically lower in PC-3 cells as compared to RWPE- 1 or LNCaP cells. GPX2 protein and mRNA, however, are only detectable in RWPE-1 cells. Of the three selenium compounds tested （sodium selenite, sodium selenate and selenomethionine）, only sodium selenite shows toxicity in a physiological range of selenium concentrations. Notably and in contrast to previous studies, RWPE-1 cells were significantly more sensitive to selenite than either of the prostate cancer cell lines. These results demonstrate that selenoproteins and selenium metabolism are regulated at multiple levels in prostate cells.展开更多
<b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Purpose: </span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;fon...<b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Purpose: </span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">This review of the literature intends to provide readers an understanding of the prophylactic and antidotal usefulness of selenium (Se) for mercury (Hg) toxicity. We will provide an explanation of Hg and Se interactions for potential remediation options to contaminated ecosystems.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;"> Design/methodology/approach: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">In this mini-review, we discuss mechanistic aspects between Hg and Se, the implication for health outcomes, and its usefulness in the ecological recovery of Hg contaminated areas. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Findings: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Mercury has a strong affinity for Se, resulting in Se-dependent enzymes and proteins’ deactivation with devastating consequences to the host. It is likely that Hg’s toxicity results in Se deficiency. Selenium compounds can have prophylactic or antidotal effects to prevent or reverse the adverse toxicity action of Hg exposure. Current research indicates that the chemical interactions between Hg and Se are unique. The Hg capturing capacity of Se is a million times higher than sulfur compounds and results in inactive complexes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Practical implications: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Future work can target engineering methods for technologies that can reduce the toxicity of Hg in the environment.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Originality/value: </span></b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">The unique interactions between the elements are that Hg can compromise Se dependent enzymes;however, pharmacologic doses of Se can prevent or modulate the toxic effects of Hg.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Paper type</span></b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">: Literature review</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">.</span>展开更多
[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium prot...[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.展开更多
Selenium plays various biological functions in the form of selenoprotein in human body. Brain is one of the most abundant organs of selenoprotein, which plays an important role in maintaining brain redox homeostasis, ...Selenium plays various biological functions in the form of selenoprotein in human body. Brain is one of the most abundant organs of selenoprotein, which plays an important role in maintaining brain redox homeostasis, signal transduction pathway regulation and neuroimmune regulation. Yet, nano-selenium have attracted much attention for their high bioavailability and low toxicity. Nano-selenium are of great application potential in field of biomedical nervous system. Recently, investigation on selenoprotein and nano-selenium has gradually become a new hotspot for the important functions of selenium in human nervous system. In this article, we wish to review recent progresses and give a perspective.展开更多
Objective Iodothyronine deiodinases(DIOs)are important selenoproteins that play a key role in the bone and joint diseases.Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease especially in elders.This bioinformatic a...Objective Iodothyronine deiodinases(DIOs)are important selenoproteins that play a key role in the bone and joint diseases.Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease especially in elders.This bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the role of DIOs in OA pathogenesis.Methods The biological functions of selenoprotein DIOs were analyzed by bioinformatic techniques,mcluding GenCLip 3.0,Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery(DAVID),STRING,Cytoscape,and Network Analyst.The expression of DIOs in the healthy individuals and OA patients was determined by mining OA-related microarray data in the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database of National Center for Biotechnology Information and performing a Meta-analysis of the data with Review Manager 5.3.Results Cluster analysis revealed that the function of the DIOs was associated with thyroid hormone receptor and iodothyronine;GO analysis showed that DIOs were mainly involved in biological processes,such as ethanol metabolism and phenol-containing compound metabolism and primarily involved in the cytochrome P450 metabolism of exogenous organisms and thyroid hormone signaling;SULT1A1 was the core node of the PPI network;miRNAs and thyroid hormones had some iterations with DIO1 and DI02;Meta-analysis showed that DIO3 expression was significantly up-regulated in OA patients(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.03,0.59,P=0.03).Conclusions The main biological functions of DIOs were closely associated with the regulation of thyroid hormone.And the up-regulated expression of DIO3 may have crucial impact on the occurrence of OA.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangxi Scientific Research and Technological Development Program(GKH 15104001-22)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2014GXNSFBA118139)+2 种基金Special Fund for Basal Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GN 2014YD13)Nanning Scientific Research and Technological Development Program(20152054-13)Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of Xixiangtang District of Nanning City(2015312)~~
文摘Selenium（Se） is an essential trace element in many organisms, its biological function is mainly in the form of selenoproteins, and plant selenoproteins have antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immunity enhancing effects. This study reviewed the existing forms of selenium in plants, selenoproteins classification and selenoproteins extraction methods and proposed future research directions.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,81960588)the Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(2020AAC03146)support from the Ningxia Medical University。
文摘Selenium is a crucial trace element that contributes to physiological processes in the body as selenoproteins.Selenoproteins serve as an integral role in the body in controlling the redox state of cells and protecting against damage induced by oxidative stress.This study aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanism of selenium on selenoproteins expression in EA.hy926 cells induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL).The impact of selenium on the viability of EA.hy926 cells was detected by the methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method,and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed by fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and JC-1,respectively.RNA-seq,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR),and Western blot were used to investigate the selenoprotein expression.Selenoprotein mRNA translation efficiency was analyzed by ribosome profiling(Ribo-Seq)coupled with transcriptomics.Our data showed that selenium supplementation(0.5μmol/L)significantly decreased ROS production,increased mitochondrial inner membrane potential and increased the proliferative activity of EA.hy926 cells induced by oxLDL.Moreover,The protective effects of selenium against oxLDL-induced EA.hy926 cell injury were associated with the upregulation of the expressions of selenoproteins glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and thioredoxin reductase 1(TXNRD1).Furthermore,the expressions of selenoproteins GPX1 and GPX4 were hierarchically controlled,but the expressions of selenoproteins TXNRD1 were mainly regulated by oxLDL.Finally,Ribo-Seq coupled with transcriptomics results demonstrated that the expressions of selenoproteins GPX1,GPX4,and TXNRD1 were regulated at the translation process level.These findings suggested that selenium could have preventive effects in oxLDL induced EA.hy926 cell injury by regulating the selenoprotein expression,and the selenoproteins expressions at the translation level in vascular endothelial cells need further study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772643 and 31272468)the Special Research Funding for Discipline Construction in Sichuan Agricultural University(No.03570126)Adisseo France(18SES533).
文摘Background The skeletal muscle of pigs is vulnerable to oxidative damage,resulting in growth retardation.Selenoproteins are important components of antioxidant systems for animals,which are generally regulated by dietary selenium(Se)level.Here,we developed the dietary oxidative stress(DOS)-inducing pig model to investigate the protective effects of selenoproteins on DOS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation.Results Dietary oxidative stress caused porcine skeletal muscle oxidative damage and growth retardation,which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,and protein and lipid metabolism disorders.Supplementation with Se(0.3,0.6 or 0.9 mg Se/kg)in form of hydroxy selenomethionine(OH-SeMet)linearly increased muscular Se deposition and exhibited protective effects via regulating the expression of selenotranscriptome and key selenoproteins,which was mainly reflected in lower ROS levels and higher antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle,and the mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.What’s more,selenoproteins inhibited DOS induced protein and lipid degradation and improved protein and lipid biosynthesis via regulating AKT/mTOR/S6K1 and AMPK/SREBP-1 signalling pathways in skeletal muscle.However,several parameters such as the activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD,the protein abundance of JNK2,CLPP,SELENOS and SELENOF did not show dose-dependent changes.Notably,several key selenoproteins such as MSRB1,SELENOW,SELENOM,SELENON and SELENOS play the unique roles during this protection.Conclusions Increased expression of selenoproteins by dietary OH-SeMet could synergistically alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress,recover protein and lipid biosynthesis,thus alleviate skeletal muscle growth retardation.Our study provides preventive measure for OS-dependent skeletal muscle retardation in livestock husbandry.
文摘After labeling of rats in vivo with 75Se and protein separation by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis more than 25 Se-containing bands could be distinguished.Of those proteins which were detected only in certain compartments and might therefore have tissue-specific functions, two were chosen for detailed investigation.A 15 kDa-protein was found in the prostatic epithelium where it accounted for about two thirds of the protein-bound 75Se. It was mainly present in the cytosol but was not released into the prostatic secretion. After gel chromatography it was found in the fraction which contained proteins with molecular masses of about 300 kDa. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis a plvalue of about 4. 5 was determined.In the testis a specific Se-containing 34 kDa-protein was observed which appeared after the onset of puberty. It was localized in the spermatid nuclei where it contained about 80% of the Se tracer present and was found to be bound to the DNA. After extraction it partly disintegrated into a 20 kDa-protein.Both compounds contain Se in the form of selenocysteine. The fact that their formation had priority over that of glutathione peroxidase during insufficient Se intake is an indication of their biological significance. Special interest in the prostatic epithelial selenoprotein derives from a possible inverse relationship between the Se status and the incidence of prostate cancer observed in epidemiological studies, whereas with the 34 kDa-selenoprotein its appearance during the condensation phase of the spermatid nuclei might suggest its participation in some processes of sperm maturation
基金De La Sale University-University Research Coordination OficeUniversity Science Foundation(USF)under project#43FU/S309 and partly from the Department of Science and Technology.
文摘Objective:To investigate if the protective effect ofα-tocopherol against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis involved the activity of the selenoproteins phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx;GPx4) and selenoprotein P (SelPP) that have roles against oxidative stress.Methods:Forty female mice were randomly assigned into natural control (CON), positive control (ETOH), low-, medium-, and high-α-tocopherol-supplemented-ethanol groups (LTOC, MTOC, HTOC, respectively). CON received drinking water without ethanol while ETOH, LTOC, MTOC and HTOC groups received 20% ethanol in drinking water. The supplemented groups were given respective dosages ofα-tocopherol, 0.410, 0.819, and 1.640 mg/g body weight, at day 14 before mating onwards to the day 9 of gestation. At 10.5 ED of gestation (1100 h), the pregnant females were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the embryos were harvested. Total RNA were extracted, cDNA synthesis and qRT- PCR analyses were carried out.Results: The level of expression of PHGPx in the positive control was significantly lower than that of the natural control. Among the threeα-tocopherol-supplemented groups, only the medium dose- group was significantly higher than the positive control. The level of expression of SelPP in the positive control was significantly lower than those of the natural control, the low- and medium- dose -tocopherol supplemented groups. In the high dose-α-tocopherol supplemented group, the level of expression was not significantly different from the positive control but significantly lower than the natural control.Conclusions: The activity of the selenoproteins PHGPx and SelPP are involved in the internetwork of antioxidative enzymes with vitamin E when given up to a medium dose only and is one of the possible pathways of shielding embryonic development against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis. This study strengthens the impact of dietaryα-tocopherol and Selenium supplement during the critical period of pregnancy.
文摘Ebola virus infection is the present public health problem.The trend of worldwide epidemic becomes the serious consideration for this infection.The Ebola virus infection has main clinical manifestation as acute febrile illness with hemorrhagic episode.The problem of hemostatic disturbance can be seen.Focusing on the palhophysiology.selenium plays an important role in the blood clotting regulation.The study on the selenoprotein of the Ebola virus can be useful for further understanding on the pathology of the infection.Here,the authors use metallomics analysis for assessment of Ebola virus genome.According to this study,the selenoprotein portion within Ebola virus genome can be detected at position 1046-1115.
基金the framework of the State assignment No.075-00607-25-00.
文摘Objectives Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is highly resistant to apoptosis.This study investigates the role of Selenoprotein M(SELENOM),a redox-regulating protein,in the response of human glioblastoma A-172 cells to staurosporine(STS)and hyperthermia.Methods A stable SELENOM-knockdown(SELENOM-KD)cell line was created.We measured reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm),cell death,and apoptotic gene expression.Results SELENOM-KD increased basal ROS levels and induced mitochondrial dysfunction.It sensitized cells to STS-induced apoptosis,enhancing the upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes.Conversely,under hyperthermia(42°C),SELENOM-KD cells exhibited significant thermoresistance,with 52%survival vs.99%death in controls,associated with suppressed pro-apoptotic signaling.Conclusions SELENOM is a critical redox and mitochondrial regulator in GBM.Its loss produces a context-dependent effect on cell fate:sensitizing to chemical apoptosis while conferring resistance to hyperthermia.SELENOM expression is a promising predictive biomarker for stratifying GBM patients for hyperthermia-based therapies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project no.31601956)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(project no.ASTIPIAS09)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(project no.CARS-41)。
文摘The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers is primarily based on growth performance data reported in 1986.Our study aimed to determine optimal dietary Se levels of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet for the full expression of selenoproteins in various tissues.A total of 384 one-d-old male broilers(n=8 replicates/diet)were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 or 0.5 mg Se/kg in the form of Na_(2)SeO_(3) for 21 d.Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the optimal dietary Se levels using broken-line,quadratic or asymptotic models.The activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)in the plasma,liver,kidney and pancreas,iodothyronine deiodinase(DIO)in the plasma,liver and pancreas,and thioredoxin reductase(Txnrd)in the liver and pancreas,the mRNA levels of Gpx1,Gpx4,Dio1,selenoprotein(Seleno)h,Selenop and Selenou in the liver,Gpx4,Dio1,Txnrd1,Txnrd2,Selenoh,Selenop and Selenou in the kidney,and Gpx1,Gpx4,Selenoh and Selenou in the pancreas,and the protein levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were influenced(P<0.05)by added Se levels,and increased quadratically(P<0.05)with the increase of added Se levels.The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.07 to 0.36 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line,quadratic or asymptotic models(P<0.001)of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the plasma,liver and kidney,and 0.09 to 0.46 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line models(P<0.001)of the aforementioned selenoprotein expression in the pancreas.The results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.36 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the plasma,liver and kidney,and 0.46 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in the pancreas of broilers fed a practical corn-soybean meal diet from 1 to 21 d of age.
文摘The computer program RNA Draw was used to identify the secondary structures in the 3’untranslated regions (3’UTRs) of the mRNAs from 46 eukaryotic seleno-proteins among 7 species. The program found one or two possible SECIS elements in these selenoproteins. The SECIS element consists of a stem-loop or hairpin structure with three conserved sequences of AUGA-(A)AA-GA. SECIS element was not found by the RNA Draw program in randomly selected non-selenoproteins. The results showed that SECIS element is the unique character of the genes ofeukaryotic selenoproteins. Thus it is possible to use RNA Draw to search the SECIS elements in gene bank for potential new selenoproteins.
基金The present study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project no.31601956)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(project no.ASTIPIAS09)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(project no.CARS-41).
文摘The current NRC dietary selenium(Se)requirement(0.15 mg/kg)of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age is primarily based on a previous study reported in 1986,which might not be applicable to modern classes of rapidly growing broilers.The present experiment was conducted to determine the optimal dietary Se level for meeting metabolic and functional Se requirements of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.A total of 336 Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d old were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 treatments with 7 replicates and fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet(control,containing 0.014 mg Se/kg)and the basal diet supplemented with 0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,or 0.50 mg Se/kg from Na_(2)SeO_(3) for 21 d.The results showed that the Se concentrations in plasma,liver,kidney,pancreas,breast and thigh muscles,the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)in plasma,liver and kidney,the mRNA expression levels of Gpx4,selenoprotein(Seleno)h and Selenou in liver,Selenop and Selenoh in kidney,and the protein expression levels of GPX4 in the liver and kidney of broilers were affected(P<0.05)by supplemental Se level,and increased quadratically(P<0.05)with the increase of supplemental Se level.The estimates of optimal dietary Se levels were 0.10 to 0.49 mg/kg based on the fitted broken-line or asymptotic models(P<0.0001)of the above Se concentration indices,and 0.08 to 0.37 mg/kg based on the fitted brokenline,quadratic or asymptotic models(P<0.007)of the above selenoprotein expression indices.These results indicate that the optimal dietary Se levels would be 0.49 mg/kg to support the maximum Se concentrations and 0.37 mg/kg to support the full expression of selenoproteins in plasma and various tissues of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30370352 and 30570420)
文摘Selenoprotein is biosynthesized by the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins,where the TGA codon in the open reading frame does not act as a stop signal but is translated into selenocysteine.The dual functions of TGA result in mis-annotation or lack of selenoproteins in the sequenced genomes of many species.Available computational tools fail to correctly predict selenoproteins.Thus,we devel-oped a new method to identify selenoproteins from the genome of Anopheles gambiae computationally.Based on released genomic information,several programs were edited with PERL language to identify selenocysteine insertion sequence(SECIS)element,the coding potential of TGA codons,and cys-teine-containing homologs of selenoprotein genes.Our results showed that 11365 genes were termi-nated with TGA codons,918 of which contained SECIS elements.Similarity search revealed that 58 genes contained Sec/Cys pairs and similar flanking regions around in-frame TGA codons.Finally,7 genes were found to fully meet requirements for selenoproteins,although they have not been anno-tated as selenoproteins in NCBI databases.Deduced from their basic properties,the newly found se-lenoproteins in the genome of Anopheles gambiae are possibly related to in vivo oxidation tolerance and protein regulation in order to interfere with anopheles'vectorial capacity of Plasmodium.This study may also provide theoretical bases for the prevention of malaria from anopheles transmission.
基金Financial support from the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC4044)。
文摘Selenium(Se),an essential micronutrient among the 15 vital elements required for human physiology,exerts its biological functions primarily through its incorporation into selenoproteins.To date,approximately 25 selenoproteins have been characterized in mammalian systems,including glutathione peroxidase(GPX),thioredoxin reductase(TrxR),and iodothyronine deiodinases(DIOs),all of which exhibit indispensable physiological functions.
基金the Yangzhou City and Yangzhou University Cooperation Program(No.YZ2023209)the Sele Valley Scholars Basic Research Project(No.2301)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)for support。
文摘Selenium is an essential trace element for human beings and it plays a significant role for the health of human nervous system.The strong antioxidant effect of selenium endows the element with the ability to treat various diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD).In the body,selenium exists in the forms of selenoproteins,which could treat AD through various pathways,such as inhibiting peroxidation,inhibiting apoptosis signal pathway,reducing the levels of Aβin neurons and alleviating Tau protein caused by pathological damage.This article aims to comprehensively elaborate on the relationship between selenium and AD.
文摘This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky et al on the role of selenoprotein P1(SEPP1)in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance.Their study uncovered si-gnificantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obese compared with hea-lthy peers,demonstrating a negative correlation between SEPP1 levels and mea-sures of adiposity and insulin resistance.These findings suggest that SEPP1 is a biomarker useful in the early identification of insulin resistance in pediatric populations.This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications of the study and calls for further research to validate and explore the role of SEPP1 in metabolic health.
文摘·The therapeutic effect of selenium(Se)has already been proven in thyroid disease and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).In spite of clear scientific proof of its benefits in TAO,there appears to be no clear agreement among the clinicians regarding its optimum dose,duration of the treatment,efficacy and safety to date.In this review,the author summarises the findings of 135 English language articles published on this subject over the past four decades from 1973 to 2013.The regulation and metabolism of thyroid hormones require a steady supply of Se and recent studies have revealed several possible mechanisms by which Se improves the severity of thyroid disease and TAO.These mechanisms include 1)inhibitory effect of HLA-DR molecule expression on thyrocytes;2)profound reductions of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)receptor antibodies(TSHR-Ab)and TPO antibodies(TPO-Ab);3)prevention of dysregulation of cell-mediated immunity and B cell function;4)neutralising reactive oxygen species(ROS)and inhibition of redox control processes required for the activation,differentiation and action of lymphocytes,macrophages,neutrophils,natural killer cells involved in both acute and chronic orbital inflammation in TAO;5)inhibition of expression of proinflammatory cytokines and 6)inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis.An increased oxidative stress has been observed in both acute and chronic phases of thyroid disease with raised tissue concentrations of ROS.The benefits of Se supplementation in individuals with TAO appear to be proportionate to the degree of systemic activity of the thyroid disease.The maximal benefit of Se supplementation is therefore seen in thesubjects who are hyperthyroid.Restoration of euthyroidism is one of the main goals in the management of TAO and when anti-thyroid drugs are combined with Se,the patients with Graves’disease(GD)and autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT)achieved euthyroidism faster than those treated with anti-thyroid drugs alone.Se status of normal adult humans can vary widely and Se supplementation may confer benefit only if serum Se levels are insufficient.The author recommends that serum Se levels of patients with TAO to be assessed prior to and during Se supplementation at regular intervals to avoid potential iatrogenic chronic Se overdose.
文摘Selenium supplementation in a population with low basal blood selenium levels has been reported to decrease the incidence of several cancers including prostate cancer. Based on the clinical findings, it is likely that the antioxidant function of one or more selenoproteins is responsible for the chemopreventive effect, although low molecular weight seleno-compounds have also been posited to selectively induce apoptosis in transformed cells. To address the effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein expression in prostate cells, we have undertaken an analysis of antioxidant selenoprotein expression as well as selenium toxicity in non-tumorigenic prostate epithelial cells （RWPE- 1 ） and prostate cancer cells （LNCaP and PC-3）. Our results show that two of the glutathione peroxidase family members （GPX1 and GPX4） are highly induced by supplemental selenium in prostate cancer cells but only slightly induced in RWPE-1 cells. In addition, GPX 1 levels are dramatically lower in PC-3 cells as compared to RWPE- 1 or LNCaP cells. GPX2 protein and mRNA, however, are only detectable in RWPE-1 cells. Of the three selenium compounds tested （sodium selenite, sodium selenate and selenomethionine）, only sodium selenite shows toxicity in a physiological range of selenium concentrations. Notably and in contrast to previous studies, RWPE-1 cells were significantly more sensitive to selenite than either of the prostate cancer cell lines. These results demonstrate that selenoproteins and selenium metabolism are regulated at multiple levels in prostate cells.
文摘<b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Purpose: </span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">This review of the literature intends to provide readers an understanding of the prophylactic and antidotal usefulness of selenium (Se) for mercury (Hg) toxicity. We will provide an explanation of Hg and Se interactions for potential remediation options to contaminated ecosystems.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;"> Design/methodology/approach: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">In this mini-review, we discuss mechanistic aspects between Hg and Se, the implication for health outcomes, and its usefulness in the ecological recovery of Hg contaminated areas. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Findings: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Mercury has a strong affinity for Se, resulting in Se-dependent enzymes and proteins’ deactivation with devastating consequences to the host. It is likely that Hg’s toxicity results in Se deficiency. Selenium compounds can have prophylactic or antidotal effects to prevent or reverse the adverse toxicity action of Hg exposure. Current research indicates that the chemical interactions between Hg and Se are unique. The Hg capturing capacity of Se is a million times higher than sulfur compounds and results in inactive complexes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Practical implications: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">Future work can target engineering methods for technologies that can reduce the toxicity of Hg in the environment.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Originality/value: </span></b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">The unique interactions between the elements are that Hg can compromise Se dependent enzymes;however, pharmacologic doses of Se can prevent or modulate the toxic effects of Hg.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Paper type</span></b><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">: Literature review</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">.</span>
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202026)Program for Scientific Research and Technology Development in Xixiangtant District of Nanning City(201710304)+7 种基金the Special Fund for the Innovation-Driven Development in Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-4&AA17202019)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017JM03)the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe415104001-22)the Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2017YZ03)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Guike AB16380088)the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Key Research and Development Program of Qingxiu District,Guangxi(2016039)the Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NO.2017NZ04)
文摘[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.
基金Jiangsu Provincial Six Talent Peaks Project (No. XCL090)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) for supportsupport of the fund of the joint-laboratory of Shanghai Dingya Pharmaceutical Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. with Yangzhou University (2022-2027)。
文摘Selenium plays various biological functions in the form of selenoprotein in human body. Brain is one of the most abundant organs of selenoprotein, which plays an important role in maintaining brain redox homeostasis, signal transduction pathway regulation and neuroimmune regulation. Yet, nano-selenium have attracted much attention for their high bioavailability and low toxicity. Nano-selenium are of great application potential in field of biomedical nervous system. Recently, investigation on selenoprotein and nano-selenium has gradually become a new hotspot for the important functions of selenium in human nervous system. In this article, we wish to review recent progresses and give a perspective.
基金supported by Science and Technology Programme of Shaanxi Province(2020SF-076)Science Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(19JS015)Healthcare Research Fund from Health Commission of Shaanxi Province(2018A019).
文摘Objective Iodothyronine deiodinases(DIOs)are important selenoproteins that play a key role in the bone and joint diseases.Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease especially in elders.This bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the role of DIOs in OA pathogenesis.Methods The biological functions of selenoprotein DIOs were analyzed by bioinformatic techniques,mcluding GenCLip 3.0,Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery(DAVID),STRING,Cytoscape,and Network Analyst.The expression of DIOs in the healthy individuals and OA patients was determined by mining OA-related microarray data in the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database of National Center for Biotechnology Information and performing a Meta-analysis of the data with Review Manager 5.3.Results Cluster analysis revealed that the function of the DIOs was associated with thyroid hormone receptor and iodothyronine;GO analysis showed that DIOs were mainly involved in biological processes,such as ethanol metabolism and phenol-containing compound metabolism and primarily involved in the cytochrome P450 metabolism of exogenous organisms and thyroid hormone signaling;SULT1A1 was the core node of the PPI network;miRNAs and thyroid hormones had some iterations with DIO1 and DI02;Meta-analysis showed that DIO3 expression was significantly up-regulated in OA patients(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.03,0.59,P=0.03).Conclusions The main biological functions of DIOs were closely associated with the regulation of thyroid hormone.And the up-regulated expression of DIO3 may have crucial impact on the occurrence of OA.
